Aeschylus Agamemnon 218

Robert Potter (Translator)

Bound in neceſſity’s iron chain
230
Reluctant nature ſtrives in vain :
Impure, unholy thoughts ſucceed,
And dark’ning o’er his boſom roll;
Whilſt madneſs prompts the ruthleſs deed,
Tyrant of the miſguided ſoul:
235

Agamemnon. Aeschylus. Robert Potter (Translator). London. 1779.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Current edition Experimental

Agamemnon (OCR draft) (English) (Agamemnon. Robert Potter, 1779.)

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (8)
Ἀγαμέμνων First1KGreek (Aeschyli Tragoediae. Sidgwick, Arthur, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.) — 258-366 focus
Ἀγαμέμνων Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 2. Smyth, Herbert Weir, editor. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1926.) — 258-366 focus
Ἀγαμέμνων (OCR draft) Experimental (Ἀγαμέμνων. Guilielmus Dindorfius, 1882.) — 218 focus
Ἀγαμέμνων (OCR draft) Experimental (Ἀγαμέμνων. Gottfried Hermann, 1852.) — 218 focus
ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἀνάγκας ἔδυ λέπαδνον,
205
φρενὸς πνέων δυςσεβῆ τροπαίαν
ἄναγνον, ἀνίερον, τόθεν
τὸ παντότολμον φρονεῖν μετέγνω.
βροτοὺς θρασύνει γὰρ αἰσχρόμητις
τάλαινα παρακοπὰ πρωτοπήμων.
210
ἔτλα δ᾽ οὖν θυτὴρ γενέσθαι θυγατρός,
γυναικοποίνων πολέμων ἀρωγὰν
καὶ προτέλεια ναῶν.
ΑΓΑΜΕΜΝΩΝ (OCR draft) Experimental (ΑΓΑΜΕΜΝΩΝ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 218 focus
Ἐπεὶ δ' ἀνάγκας ἔδυ λέπαδνον
Str. 4.
φρενὸς πνέων δυσσεβῆ τροπαίαν
ἄναγνον, ἀνίερον, τόθεν
τὸ παντότολμον φρονεῖν μετέγνω·
215
βροτοὺς θρασύνει θρασύνοι γὰρ αἰσχρόμητις
τάλαινα παρακοπὰ πρωτοπήμων·
ἔτλα δ' οὖν θυτὴρ γενέ-
σθαι θυγατρός, γυναικοποί-
νων πολέμων ἀρωγὰν
220
Ἀγαμέμνων (OCR draft) Experimental (Ἀγαμέμνων. N. Wecklein, 1885.) — 218 focus
Ἀγαμέμνων (OCR draft) Experimental (Ἀγαμέμνων. Martin L. West, 1990.) — 218 focus
ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἀνάγκας ἔδυ λέπαδνον
φρενὸς πνέων δυσσεβῆ τροπαίαν
ἄναγνον ἀνίερον, τόθεν
220
τὸ παντότολμον φρονεῖν μετέγνω.
βροτοὺς θρασύνει γὰρ αἰσχρόμητις
τάλαινα παρακοπὰ πρωτοπήμων᾽ ἔτλα δ᾽ οὖν
θυτὴρ γενέσθαι
θυγατρός, γυναικοποίνων
225
πολέμων ἀρωγάν
καὶ προτέλεια ναῶν.
Aeschyli Agamemnon (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschyli Agamemnon. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1914.) — 218 focus
ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἀνάγκας ἔδυ λέπαδνον
φρενὸς πνέων δυσσεβῆ τροπαίαν
ἄναγνον ἀνίερον, τόθεν
220
τὸ παντότολμον φρονεῖν μετέγνω.
βροτοὺς θρασύνει γὰρ αἰσχρόμητις
τάλαινα παρακοπὰ πρωτοπήμων. ἔτλα δ᾽ οὖν
θυτὴρ γενέσθαι θυγατρός,
γυναικοποίνων πολέμων ἀρωγάν
225
καὶ προτέλεια ναῶν. –
Translations (9)
Agamemnon Perseus (Aeschylus. The poetical works of Robert Browning, Volume 13. Browning, Robert, translator; Berdoe, Edward, editor. London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1889.) — 258-366 focus
The Agamemnon (OCR draft) Experimental (The Agamemnon. Theodore Alois Buckley, 1849.) — 218 focus
But after that he had put on the yoke of necessity, breathing an impious, impure, unholy change of soul, from that time he changed his mind so as to cherish all-daring thoughts. For wretched frenzy, first source of woe, of foul counsel, hardens mortals. And thus he dared to become the sacrificer of his daughter, to promote a war undertaken for the avenging of a woman, and as a first-offering 2 for the fleet:
AGAMEMNON (OCR draft) Experimental (AGAMEMNON. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 218 focus
un parti qui ne soit un malheur ? Puis-je, déserteur de ma flotte, manquer à mes alliés ? Si ce sacrifice,
ce sang virginal enchaîne les vents, avec ardeur, ardeur profonde, on peut le désirer sans crime. Qu'il tourne à notre salut ! »

Et, sous son front une fois ployé au joug du destin, un revirement se fait, impur, impie,
Eschilo, Agamennone: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli (OCR draft) Experimental (Eschilo, Agamennone: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli. Ettore Romagnoli, 1922.) — 218 focus
Strofe V
245
Or, poi ch'ei fu del Fato al giogo avvinto,
il cuor suo tramutarono impuri aliti
empî, che ad ogni ardir l'ebbero spinto.
Poi che Follia, che turpi mal' consiglia,
prima d'affanni miseranda origine,
250
rende gli uomini audaci. Ed ei la figlia
sgozzare osò, per confortar la lotta
per una donna impresa, e perché l'esito
fausto avesse la flotta.
5
Aeschylus, Agamemnon: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Agamemnon: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii. Ioannes Sanravius, 1555.) — 218 focus
Poſtquam neceßitatis ſubijt uinculum
Mentis fpirans impiam mutationem,
Impura profanamq unde audace ſapientia mutauit
Mortalibus, audebat enim turpitudo
215
Mifera, amentia, præcipuum nocumentum.
Tolerabat igitur facrificulus
Fieri filiæ muliere laboriofo
Bello auxiliator, principią nauium
Aeschylus, Agamemnon: German translation (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Agamemnon: German translation. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1919–1923.) — 218 focus
Geheiß des Schicksals,
190 Als des Euripos' Strudel hohl am Strande
von Aulis brandend der Hellenenflotte
220
die Fahrt versagte.
Vom Strymon kam der Sturm, und mit dem Sturm
Verzug und Hunger kam,
195 Das Ankertau riß, die Planken krachten,
die Mannschaft lief ratlos hin und wider;
225
das stolze Heer tatenlos verkümmert.
Und als den Fürsten Kalchas
Agamemnon (OCR draft) Experimental (Agamemnon. Anna Swanwick, 1886.) — 218 focus
ÆGISTHOS
Hail, joyous light of justice-bearing day!
At length I can aver that Gods supernal,
Judges of men, look down on earthly woes,
Beholding, in the Erinyes' woven robes,
This man, thus prostrate, welcome sight to me,
The wiles atoning compassed by his sire.
For Atreus, Argos' ruler, this man's father,
Did from the city and his home expel
Thyestes, rival in the sovereignty,-
My father, to be plain, and his own brother.
But coming back, a suppliant of the hearth,
Wretched Thyestes found a lot secure,
Not doomed his natal soil with blood to stain,
Here in his home: but this man's godless sire,
Atreus, with zeal officious more than kind,
Feigning a joyous banquet-day to hold,
Served to my sire, for food, his children's flesh.
Their feet indeed, the members of their hands,—
Seated aloof, in higher place, he hides.
Partaking of the undistinguished parts,
In ignorance, Thyestes eats the food,
Curse-laden, as thou seest, to the race.
Discerning then the impious deed, he shrieked,
And back recoiling the foul slaughter spewed.
Spurning, with righteous curse, th' insulted board
Dread doom he vows to the Pelopidæ ;—
" So perish the whole race of Pleisthenes."
Hence is it that ye see this man laid low;
The righteous planner of his death am I.
For me, the thirteenth child, in swathing clothes,
He with my wretched sire, to exile drove.
But, grown to manhood, Justice led me back,
And I, although aloof, have reached this man,
The threads combining of the fatal plot.
Now for myself 'twere glorious to die,
Seeing this man entrapped in Justice' toils.
English (E. D. A. Morshead, 1889, second edition) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Agamemnon — Morshead translation. Wikisource transcription; speech corresp and card milestones aligned to Smyth perseus-grc2.) — 218 focus
Thus on his neck he took
260
Fate's hard compelling yoke;
Then, in the counter-gale of will abhorr'd, accursed,
To recklessness his shifting spirit veered—
Alas! that Frenzy, first of ills and worst,
With evil craft men's souls to sin hath ever stirred!
265
And so he steeled his heart—ah well-a-day—
Aiding a war for one false woman's sake,
His child to slay,
And with her spilt blood make
An offering, to speed the ships upon their way!
270
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1854; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylos, Band I, Agamemnon. Independent Donner line citations, Smyth card correspondence, twelve located textual notes and opening metrical facsimiles. Unfinished OCR proofreading and note attribution are documented in the review inventory.) — 218 focus
Jetzt, als er aufnahm das Joch des Zwanges,
Und Sinneswandlung im Busen hauchte,
Gottlose, schnöd unheilige,
Ergriff er tollkühn das kecke Wagniß.
205
Denn dreist in Unthat verlockt die Menschen
Unsel'ger Wahnsinn, des Fluches Quelle.
So trug er's denn, sein Kind schlachten zu seh'n,
Dem frauenraubrächenden Krieg zum Schuße,
Als Voropfer des Seezugs:
210
Vierte Gegenstrophe.

Commentary

Critical apparatus to Agamemnon (OCR draft) (Latin and Greek critical apparatus to Gottfried Hermann's 1852 edition of Agamemnon.) focus

230-232. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-148

ἔμελψεν M. Bess. Flor. Farn. Vict.
ἔμελθεν
G. Ald. Rob.
ἔμελλεν
Turn. Ἔμελψεν aperte ineptum est. Neque enim illo aevo in conviviis cantabant virgines, quaeque id Aeschyli tempore faciebant, tibicinae erant et saltatrices, et arte illa et corpore quaestum facientes. Scribendum
ἤνυσεν
, quoniam illi saepe in hospitali domo patris ad mensam convenerant. ἁγνᾷ Schutzius: libri
ἁγνά
. αὐδᾷ M. Bess. Turn. Ceteri
αὐδᾷ
. τριτόσπονδον
τριτοσποδον
Rob. εὔποτμον Μ. G. Bess. et edd.
εὐπόταμον
Flor.
εὔποτον
Farn. Elmsleium secutus Blomfieldius
εὔποτμόν τ'
addita copula scripsit. Scribendum potius videtur
εὐπότμαν
. Codicis Flor. scriptura ex
εὔποτμον
orta est. De his formis v. Lobeckium ad Ai. v. 604. In explicando hoc loco mirum quantum a vero aberraverint interpretes. Scholiastes
ἀταύρωτος
interpretatur
ἄζευκτος, παρθενική
. Hesychius
ἀταύρωτος, ἄζυγος, καὶ παρθένος, παρ᾽ ὅσον ἐξεῖχθαι γάμοις αἱ γεγαμημέναι λέγονται
. Vide etiam Eustathium p. 259, 9. 1554, 28. et Valckenarium animadv. ad Ammonium p. 40. seq. Non negaverim hoc significatu potuisse hanc vocem ab aliquo tragico usurpari. Sic Aeschylus infra v. 1054.
ἄπεχε τῆς βοὸς τὸν ταῦρον
, et Horatius
nondum subacta ferre iugum valet cervice, nec tauri ruentis in Venerem tolerare pondus
. Eiusmodi locum in mente habuisse videtur Aristophanes in Lysistrata v. 217. quem versum afferens Suidas scripsit
σταυρώτη, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἁγνὴ καὶ ἄμικτος. ταῦρος γὰρ τὸ αἰδοῖον τοῦ ἀνδρός, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀταυρώτη ἡ ἁγνὴ ἢ ἄζευκτος γάμου καὶ ἀζυγής
: quam obscenam explicationem mirum est probare potuisse Blomfieldium. Idem Suidas mox addit
ἐπειδὴ οἱ ταῦροι κατωφερεῖς· “οἴκοι δ᾽ ἀταυρώτη διάξω τὸν βίον.”
Ab Aeschyli loco haec significatio tam aliena est quam quod maxime. Quid enim attinebat hic virginem incorruptam vocari Iphigeniam? Immo
ἀταύρωτος
est non efferata. Hoc enim dicit poeta, puellam, non indignatam quod immolaretur, pio silentio honorasse sortem patris, faustam futuram per hoc sacrificium. Euripides Med. v. 91.
ἤδη γὰρ εἶδον ὄμμα νιν ταυρουμένην τοῖςδ'
. Et v. 190.
καίτοι τοκάδος δέργμα λεαίνης ἀποταυροῦται δμωσίν
. Eodem pertinent haec in Herc. fur. v. 867.
καὶ διαστρόφους ἑλίσσει σίγα γοργώπους κόρας, ἀμπνοὰς δ᾽ οὐ σωφρονίζει, ταῦρος ὡς ἐς ἐμβολήν, δεινὰ μυᾶται δέ
. Recte vero Schützius
ἁγνᾷ αὐδᾷ
, quod eodem modo dictum quo
τὸ τῆς εὐφήμου στόμα φροντίδος ἱέντες
apud Sophoclem Oed. Col. v. 131. Τριτόσπονδον autem
αἰῶνα
quum dicit, de quibus verbis videndum Blomfieldii glossarium, ad libationem respicit Iovi Servatori factam, qui scilicet servaturus sit classem adversis ventis ab destinato cursu prohibitam.

234. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-149

ἄκραντοι
ἄγραντοι
Ald.
ἄχραντοι
Turn. Dicit hoc universe, non vana est ars Calchantis. Respicit enim quae supra commemoraverat v. 126. seqq. non ex omni parte prospere successuram esse expeditionem, quumque modo de impio facto Agamemnonis dixisset, simul ex hoc aliquid mali nasciturum praesagit.
234

235-236. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-150

τοῖς μὲν παθοῦσιν μαθεῖν ἐπιρρέπει
δίκα δύς τοῖς
error Aldinae a Turnebo repetitus. Deinde omnes libri
παθοῦσι
. Sensus est, iustitia his quidem (eos dicit qui virginem immolarunt) experiundo admovet cognitionem futuri. Id supra dixerat
πάθει μάθος ἔχειν
. Activum est
ἐπιρρέπει
, ut Eum. v. 875.
οὔτἂν δικαίως τῇδ᾽ ἐπιρρέποις πόλει μῆνίν τιν ἢ κότον τίν ἢ βλάβην στρατῷ.
Et apud Theognidem v. 157.
Ζεὺς γάρ τοι τὸ τάλαντον ἐπιρρέπει ἄλλοτε ἄλλως
.

237. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-151

τὸ προκλύειν δ᾽ ἐπιγνοιη· προχαιρέτω Libri
τὸ δὲ προκλύειν
, nisi quod in Farn. haec verba omissa sunt. In M. ab alia manu adiecta sunt. Deinde post
προκλύειν
sequitur
ἐπιγένοιτ' ἂν κλύοις
(sic M. G.
ἀνκλύοις
Rob.)
προχαιρέτω
M. G. Rob. et Ald. nisi quod haec
ἀνηλύοις
habet.
ἐπεὶ γένοιτ᾽ ἂν κλύοις προχαιρέτω
Bess. Flor. et sic etiam Farn.
ἐπεὶ γένοιτ' ἂν ἡ λύσις προχαιρέτω
Turn. Vict. Triclinius, cuius recensionem codex Farn. exhibet, videtur haec sic constituisse,
τὸ μέλλον, ἐπεὶ γένοιτ', ἂν κλύοις
. Aurati coniectura est
ἤλυσις
, in quam Schutzius quoque incidit. Elmsleius quum
τὸ δὲ προκλύειν
in Farn. omissum videret, non satis caute
τὸ προκλύειν
ab interprete adiectum esse iudicavit, quod verbum minime redolet interpretem, aperteque ad haec verba refertur quod sequitur
ἴσον δὲ τὸ προστένειν
. Secutus eum tamen Blomfieldius exhibuit
δίκα δὲ τοῖς μὲν παθοῦσιν μαθεῖν ἐπιρρέπει· τὸ μέλλον δ᾽ ἐπεὶ οὐ γένοιτ' ἂν λύσις, προχαιρέτω
, atque
ἐπεὶ οὐ γένοιτ' ἂν ἡ λύσις
iam alii coniecerant. Sed haec, sive numeros, sive sententiam spectes, non habent quo commendentur. Ad sensum quidem reprehendi non potest
τὸ προκλύειν δ᾽, ἐπεὶ γένοιτ' ἂν ἤλυσις, προχαιρέτω
: sed ita si legitur, debet aliquid omissum ab librariis in strophicis putari, in quibus tamen nulla est omissionis suspicio. Ego non dubitavi reponere, quod in adnotationibus ad Humboldti versionem conieci,
τὸ προκλύειν δ᾽ ἤλυσιν προχαιρέτω.
Nam illud potius
ἐπεὶ γένοιτ' ἂν ἤλυσις
ab interprete adscriptum fuerat.
237

Wecklein’s commentary on Agamemnon (1888; German; OCR draft) (Explanatory commentary, pp. 30–140; Iowa and Harvard OCR collated conservatively. Unresolved OCR and provisional reference mappings are explicitly marked.) focus

40-269. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-wecklein1888-com-ger1-26

Parodos, bestehend (wie die Parodos der Perser und der Hiketides) aus drei Teilen, dem Recitativ des Chorführers in Anapästen 40-103, dem Gesang des Chorführers mit ἐπιφθέγματα (124) des Gesamtchores 104-169, dem Chorgesang 170-269. Der erste Teil beginnt mit der Schuld und Sühne der Trojaner, legt die äufseren Verhältnisse dar und giebt mit dem Verlangen zu erfahren, was die überall auf den Altären der Stadt angezündeten Opferfeuer zu bedeuten haben (83-87) die Motivierung für das Auftreten des Chors. Der zweite Teil berichtet eine Weissagung des Kalchas, welche ängstliche Besorgnis in betreff des Heerführers weckt. Der dritte begründet diese Besorgnis mit sittlichen Grundsätzen und erklärt das Leiden, das den siegreichen Agamemnon erwartet, als Sühne für eine Schuld, für die unerhörte Opferung der eigenen Tochter.

230-231. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-wecklein1888-com-ger1-135

τόθεν, inde. τὸ παντότολμον φρονεῖν, so daſs sein Sinn aller Scheu sich entledigte und vor dem gröfsten Greuel nicht zurückbebte. -

232-233. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-wecklein1888-com-ger1-136

Ist einmal in der leidenschaftlichen Verrücktheit der Anfang der geistigen Schädigung ( πῆμα, ἄτη) gegeben ( παρακοπὴ πρωτοπήμων, vgl. 1191), so wird daraus verwegener und rücksichtsloser Frevelmut. Vgl. 396 τάλαινα πειθώ, προβούλου παῖς ἄφερτος ἄτας.

234. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-wecklein1888-com-ger1-137

ἔτλα δ᾽ οὖν κτἑ. geht nach der begründenden Bemerkung zurück auf den Hauptgedanken.
1

235. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg005-wecklein1888-com-ger1-138

γυναικοποίνων (nicht wert solchen Preises!) ναῶν steht als Apposition zum Inhalt des Satzes und bezeichnet das Ergebnis der Handlung. Vgl. μιασμάτων ἄποινα 1420, χώρας μίασμα 1645. τέλεια ναῶν, Vorweihe für die Schiffe d. i. Opfer, welches dem Auslaufen der Schiffe vorhergeht und dieses erwirkt. Eur. Iph. A. 433 Αρτέμιδι προτελίζουσι τὴν νεάνιδα. προ-
2