Aeschylus Eumenides 538

Ioannes Sanravius (Translator)

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Multum optata felicitas, omnino ſanè dico
505
Reuereri iuſticiæ aram, neq; ipſum
Videns lucrum impio
Pede calcando uilipendas.
Pœna ſequitur,
Proprius manet finis.
510
Ad hæc quilibet parentum
Cultum bene primariorum
Et hoſpitales domuum curas
Reuereatur.

Eumenides. Aeschylus. Ioannes Sanravius (Translator). Basileae. 1555.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by Schmidt Sciences.

Current edition Experimental

Aeschylus, Eumenides: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii (OCR draft) (Latin) (Aeschylus, Eumenides: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii. Ioannes Sanravius, 1555.)

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (12)
Εὐμενίδες First1KGreek (Aeschyli Tragoediae. Sidgwick, Arthur, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.) — 566-777 focus
Εὐμενίδες Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 2. Smyth, Herbert Weir, editor. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1926.) — 566-777 focus
Εὐμενίδες (1518 edition; OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Eumenides, 1518 edition. VLM-assisted OCR with native lineation and automated correspondence to the Smyth edition.) — 538 focus
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Εὐμενίδες. Guilielmus Dindorfius, 1882.) — 538 focus
ἐς τὸ πᾶν δέ σοι λέγω,
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι δίκας·
μηδέ νιν κέρδος ἰδὼν ἀθέῳ ποδὶ λὰξ ἀτίσῃς·
540
ποινὰ γὰρ ἐπέσται.
κύριον μένει τέλος.
πρὸς τάδε τις τοκέων σέβας εὖ προτίων
545
καὶ ξενοτίμους
ἐπιστροφὰς δωμάτων
αἰδόμενός τις ἔστω.
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Εὐμενίδες. Gottfried Hermann, 1852.) — 538 focus
ΕΥΜΕΝΙΔΕΣ (OCR draft) Experimental (ΕΥΜΕΝΙΔΕΣ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 538 focus
Ἐς τὸ πᾶν δέ σοι λέγω,
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι Δίκας
μηδέ νιν
κέρδος ἰδὼν ἀθέῳ ποδὶ
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Εὐμενίδες. Arthur Sidgwick, 1887.) — 538 focus
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Εὐμενίδες. N. Wecklein, 1885.) — 538 focus
ἐς τὸ πᾶν δέ σοι λέγω·
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι δίκας,
μηδέ νιν
κέρδος ἰδὼν ἀθέῳ
ποδὶ λὰξ ἀτίσῃς·
545
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Εὐμενίδες. Martin L. West, 1990.) — 538 focus
εἰς τὸ πᾶν {δέ} σοι λέγω·
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι Δίκας,
μηδέ νιν
κέρδος ἰδὼν ἀθέωι ποδὶ λάξ ἀτί-
σηις, ποινὰ γὰρ ἐπέσται·
540
κύριον μένει τέλος.
Aeschyli Eumenides (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschyli Eumenides. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1914.) — 538 focus
ἐς τὸ πᾶν δέ σοι λέγω,
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι δίκας·
μηδέ νιν
535
κέρδος ἰδὼν ἀθέωι ποδὶ λὰξ ἀτίσηις· ποι-
νὰ γὰρ ἐπέσται.
κύριον μένει τέλος.
πρὸς τάδε τις τοκέων σέβας εὖ προτίων
καὶ ξενοτίμους
540
ἐπιστροφὰς δωμάτων αἰδόμενός τις ἔστω. =
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek text of Aeschylus' Eumenides, edited by F. A. Paley, 1885.) — 538 focus
ἐς τὸ πᾶν δέ σοι λέγω,
510
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι δίκας·
μηδέ νιν,
κέρδος ἰδὼν, ἀθέῳ ποδὶ λὰξ ἀτί-
σῃς· ποινὰ γὰρ ἐπέσται·
κύριον μένει τέλος.
515
πρὸς τάδε τις τοκέων σέβας εὖ προτίων,
καὶ ξενοτίμους
ἐπιστροφὰς δωμάτων
αἰδόμενός τις ἔστω.
Εὐμενίδες (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek text of Aeschylus' Eumenides, edited by Friedrich Blass, 1907.) — 538 focus
ἐς τὸ πᾶν δέ σοι λέγω,
ἀντ. γ
βωμὸν αἴδεσαι Δίκας·
μηδέ νιν
540
κέρδος ἰδὼν ἀθέωι ποδὶ λὰξ ἀτίσηις· ποινὰ
γὰρ ἐπέσται,
κύριον μένει τέλος.
πρὸς τάδε τις τοκέων σέβας εὖ προτίων
545
καὶ ξενοτίμους
ἐπιστροφὰς δωμάτων
αἰδόμενός τις ἔστω.
Translations (9)
Eumenides Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 2. Smyth, Herbert Weir, translator. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1926. (Modernized by Perseus.)) — 566-775 focus
The Eumenides (OCR draft) Experimental (The Eumenides. Theodore Alois Buckley, 1849.) — 538 focus
But altogether I say to you, revere the altar of Justice, nor, looking to gain, dishonour it by trampling on it with godless foot. For punishment will follow: a deci­ sive end awaits. Therefore let every one honour duly the sanctity of parents, and reverence the intercourse of hos­ pitable abodes.
LES EUMÉNIDES (OCR draft) Experimental (LES EUMÉNIDES. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 538 focus
la saine raison au contraire a pour fils le bonheur aimé qu'appellent tous les vœux humains.
Je le répète aussi, et c'est la loi suprême : vénère l'autel
de la Justice 1 ; ne va pas outrageusement, séduit par quelque gain, le renverser d'un pied impie 2 . Le châtiment viendra :
The Furies (OCR draft) Experimental (The Furies. Robert Potter, 1779.) — 538 focus
Nor dare, allur'd by curſed gold,
With foot profane and bold
To ſpurn her altars: vengeance waits the crime,
"And arm'd with terrors knows her deſtin'd time.
595
EPODE.
Eschilo, Le Eumenidi: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli (OCR draft) Experimental (Eschilo, Le Eumenidi: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli. Ettore Romagnoli, 1922.) — 538 focus
Non lodar vita servile,
né che sciolto abbia ogni freno.
Ogni possanza nel mezzo locar volle il Nume, che vigile
or qui l'occhio volge, ora altrove.
570
lo dico in verità,
ch'è Tracotanza figliuola d'Empiezza;
ma dal pensier prudente
nasce Beatitudine,
diletta ad ogni gente.
575
Aeschylus, Die Eumeniden: German translation (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Die Eumeniden: German translation. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1919–1923.) — 538 focus
Das beherz'ge für und für:
scheu' dich vor dem Thron des Rechts.
540 Wag' es nie
frevlen Fuſses ihn zu treten, weil Gewinnesgier dich
lockt.
Denn du muſst die Strafe zahlen; nimmermehr ver-
fällt die Schuld.
545 Darum übe der Ehrfurcht Pflicht, zuerst an den
gehorsam ihnen unterthan,
Eltern,
und auch am Fremdling unter deinem Dache.
550
English (E. D. A. Morshead, 1889, second edition) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, The Furies — Morshead translation. Wikisource transcription; speech corresp and card milestones aligned to Smyth perseus-grc2.) — 538 focus
Yea, whatsoe'er befal, hold thou this word of mine:
Bow down at Justice' shrine,
625
Turn thou thine eyes away from earthly lure,
Nor with a godless foot that altar spurn.
For as thou dost shall Fate do in return,
And the great doom is sure.
Therefore let each adore a parent's trust,
630
And each with loyalty revere the guest
That in his halls doth rest.
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1854; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylos. Deutsch in den Versmaßen der Urschrift. Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1854. Native Donner line citations, Smyth card correspondence, selected textual readings and metrical facsimiles. Remaining OCR differences and unattributed reading notes are documented in the linked review inventory.) — 538 focus
Und für immer gilt mein Spruch:
510
Ehre fromm des Rechts Altar!
Tritt ihn nicht,
Lüstern nach schnödem Gewinne, mit frevelndem
Fuß; denn Strafe verfolgt dich,
Deiner harrt ein würdig Ziel!
515
Darum verehre der Aeltern geheiligtes Haupt
Jeder, und achte,
Wenn seinem Haus Fremde nah'n,
Heilig das Recht des Gastes!
Vierte Strophe.
English (Smyth; revised Bannon and Nagy, CHS) (OCR draft) Experimental (CHS Primary Sources revision of Herbert Weir Smyth’s translation by Cynthia Bannon and Gregory Nagy, with transliterated Greek terms tagged and aligned to the Smyth edition.)

No corresponding passage available

Commentary

Commentary on Aeschylus: Eumenides (Aeschylus. Eumenides. Sidgwick, Arthur, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1887.)

524. ἢ ... τε is irregular :

524. whether city or man we must say in English.

526. ἀνάρχετον . (read for metre's sake), like ἀπεύχετον Cho. 625.

529. παντὶ μέσῳ , ever to the mean god gives success: a common Greek maxim: so Ag. 378 ἔστω δ᾽ ἀπήμαντον ὥστ᾽ ἀπαρκεῖν, ib. 466 τὸ δ᾽ ὑπερκόπως εὖ κλύειν βαρὺ κρίνω δ᾽ ἄφθονον ὄλβον, etc., the idea being that excess was dangerous: so Eur. Fr. 80 τὰ μείζω τῶν μέσων τίκτει νόσους.

530. ἐφορεύει , directs.

531. ξύμμετρον . seems best taken as timely, fitting: a rather fanciful way of saying wise. [Others take it in accord with this, i.e. with the doctrine of moderation: which is a possible meaning and may be defended: only the main point of all this chorus is the need of repressing crime and licence, and the doctrine of moderation is rather a digression.]

538. ἐς τὸ πᾶν , for whate'er befall; i. e. as the first and greatest rule of life.

541. κύριον μένει τέλος , the appointed end abideth: only an impressive way of saying that good and evil alike shall meet their deserts.

546. ξενοτίμους δόμων ἐπιστροφάς , κ.τ.λ., literally, [ let him revere] guest-honouring visits of the house: a characteristically elaborated expression for hospitable welcome.

551. οὐκ ἄνολβος ἔσται , understatement such as is natural and common in Greek, shall not fail to prosper. 11. 553, 4. If the reading is right, the acc. τὰ πολλὰ παντόφυρτ᾽ is governed by the verbal idea in παραιβάταν: The man who dares to resist and commits all manner of transgressions, swerving from Right: such accusatives after verbals are rather in the manner of Aeschylus : θυμοβόρου φρένα Ag. 103, πολλὰ συνίστορα ib. 1090, ἄπορα πόριμος Prom. 904, χοὰς προπομπός Cho. 23, ἀπότροπον ἄγος ib. 155. (So Schol.) Of the corrections proposed Pauw's is the best ... παντόφυρτ᾽ ἄγοντ᾽ ἄνευ (reading παρβάταν for καὶ παραιβάταν), bringing much confusion : but though the grammar is smoother, the sense is weaker.

Critical apparatus to Eumenides (OCR draft) (Latin and Greek critical apparatus to Gottfried Hermann's 1852 edition of Eumenides.) focus

mvp-comment-355-1 λῆξιν ὑπόδυσίν τε μόχθων ἄκεα δ᾽ οὐ βέβαια πλάμων μάταν παρηγορεῖ:

λῆξιν ὑπόδοσιν τε μόχθων
M. G. Ald. Rob.
λῆξις ὑπόδοσίς τε μόχθων
Turn.
λῆξιν ὑπόδησίν τε μόχθων
Flor.
λήξιν ὑπόδυσίν τε μόχθων
Ven. ut Heathius scribendum coniecit. Videtur etiam scholiastes
ὑπόδυσιν
legisse, quod non recte interpretatur διαδοχήν. Efugium laborum dicit poeta. Deinde proximo versu
ἄκεα δ' οὐ βέβαια
Fritzschius.
ἄκεά τ' οὐ βέβαια
a Schutzio scriptum erat.
ἄκετ᾽ οὐ βέβαια
M. Rob.
ἄκετ᾽ οὐ βεβαία
G. Ald.
ἀκέτ᾽ οὐ βέβαια
ex Par. affertur.
ἄκες' οὐ βέβαια
Ven.
ἄκες ἀβέβαια
Flor.
ἄκεστα. οὐ βέβαια
Farn.
οὐκ ἔτ᾽ οὐ βεβαία
Turn.
οὐκέτ᾽ οὐ βέβαια
Vict. Deinde
τλάμων μάταν παρηγορεῖ
Fritzschius. Libri
τλάμων δέ τις μάταν παρηγορεί
. Itaque haec ita scripsi, aliter quam in Opusc. VI. 2. p. 82.
πεύσεται δ᾽ ἄλλος ἄλλοθεν, προφωνῶν τὰ τῶν πέλας κακά, λῆξιν ὑπόδυσίν τε μόχθων ἄκεα δ᾽ οὐ βέβαια τλάμων μάταν παρηγορεῖ.
Sed dubitari potest an sic potius Aeschylus scripserit,
πεύσεται δ᾽ ἄλλος ἄλλοθεν προφωνῶν τὰ τῶν πέλας κακά, λῆξιν ὑπόδυσίν τε μόχθων ἄκεα τ᾽ οὐ βέβαια πλάμων μάταν παρηγορῶν.
Audiet alius aliunde commemorans propinquorum mala, finem effugiumque laborum atque infirma remedia frustra pro solatio adhibens. Apollonius Rhodius II. 622.
Τίφυ, τί δή μοι ταῦτα παρηγορέεις ἀχέοντε
ς

mvp-comment-356-1 ὦ δίκα:

ὦ δίκα, ὦ
Pauwius. Libri
ἰὼ δίκα ἰώ
.

mvp-comment-357-1 Ἐρινύων:

ἐρινύων
Μ. G. Rob.
ἐριννύων
Ven. Flor. Ald. Turn.

mvp-comment-358-1 οἰκτίσαιτ':

οἰκτίσετ
Rob.

mvp-comment-359-1 πίτνει: Libri

πιτνεῖ
.

mvp-comment-360-1 ἔσθ' ὅπου τὸ δεινὸν εὖ τις φρενῶν ἐπίσκοπον δειμανεῖ καθήμενον: Libri

ἔσθ' ὅπου τὸ δεινὸν εὖ τις φρενῶν ἐπίσκοπον δειμαίνει καθήμενον
, nisi quod haec ultima verba,
δειμαίνει καθήμεvov
omissa sunt in Rob. Schutzius, qui olim
δειματοῖ
scribendum coniecerat, in quod etiam Franzius incidit, postea ut Wakefieldius et ego anno 1799.
δειμανεῖ
dedit. Sic etiam Abreschius, sed ille post hoc verbum ponens signum interrogandi. Sed
δειμαίνειν
nusquam est terrere. Perperam intellecti sunt Aeschylus Pers. v. 601.
φίλοι, κακῶν μὲν ὅςτις ἔμπειρος κυρεῖ, ἐπίσταται βροτοῖσιν ὡς ὅταν κλύδων κακῶν ἐπέλθῃ, πάντα δειμαίνειν φιλεῖ
, et Plato Leg. IX. p. 865. D.
λέγεται δὲ ὡς ὁ θανατωθεὶς ἄρα βιαίως, ἐν ἐλευθέρῳ φρονήματι βεβιωκώς, θυμοῦταί τε τῷ δράσαντι νεοθνὴς ὤν, καὶ φόβου καὶ δείματος ἅμα διὰ τὴν βίαιον πάθην αὐτὸς πεπληρωμένος, ὁρῶν τε τὸν ἑαυτοῦ φονέα ἐν τοῖς ἤθεσι τοῖς τῆς ἑαυτοῦ συνηθείας ἀναστρεφόμενον δειμαίνει, καὶ ταραττόμενος αὐτὸς ταράττει κατὰ δύναμιν πᾶσαν τὸν δράσαντα, μνήμην ξύμμαχον ἔχων, αὐτόν τε καὶ τὰς πράξεις αὐτοῦ
. Apud Quintum Smyrnaeum II. 499.
δειμαίνοντο
medium est, timore se corripi passi sunt. Itaque quum neque
δειμανεῖ
in illa horum versuum conformatione ferri posset, et
εὖ καί
plane supervacaneum esset, in Opusc. VI. 2. p. 83. seq. ita scribendum putavi,
ἔσθ' ὅπου τὸ δεινὸν εὐ, καὶ φρενῶν ἐπίσκοπον δεῖ μένειν καθήμεvov
, nonnumquam bonum est timere, et oportet animi custodem constitutum manere. Ita legisse videtur scholiastes, cuius haec est adnotatio,
οὐ πανταχῆ τὸ δεινὸν ἀπεῖναι φρενῶν δεῖ
. Eandem coniecturam,
δεῖ μένειν
, in margine exemplaris Aldini bibliothecae Cantabrigiensis adscriptam commemorat Dobraeus Adv. II. p. 29. Nunc probabilius mihi visum est Aeschylum sic scripsisse,
ἔσθ' ὅπου τὸ δεινὸν αὖ τις φρενῶν ἐπίσκοπον δειμανεῖ καθήμενον
.

mvp-comment-361-1 ξυμφέρει: omissum in Rob.

mvp-comment-362-1 ὑπὸ στένει:

ὑπὸ στένει
M. Flor. Rob. Τurn.
ὑποστένει
G. Ven. Farn. Ald. Fuerunt qui
ὑπὸ δέει
vel
ὑπὸ σθένει
scribendum putarent. Male. Hoc dicitur, conducit rebus angustis coactum sapere.

mvp-comment-363-1 τίς δὲ μηδὲν ἐν δέει καρδίαν ἔτ᾽ ἀνατρέφων, ἢ πόλις βροτός θ' ὁμοίως, ἔτ᾽ ἂν σέβοι δίκαν;: Libri

ἐν φάει καρδίαν ἀνατρέφων
. Ιd scholiastes interpretatur λαμπρότητι καὶ ὀρθότητι φρενῶν, ut
καρδίας
legisse videatur, quod Canterus aliique receperunt. Hoc minime probandum est. Rectissime Auratus
ἐν δέει
. Quae deest syllaba, eam non recte in Opusc. VI. 2. p. 83. inserto
ἄν
post
καρδίαν
supplendam esse existimavi. In ultimo huius strophae versu
σέβει
Μ. Ceteri
σέβοι
. Denique
δίκας
G. Ald. Rob. Turn.
δίκαν
Victorius, ex M. ut videtur. Sic etiam Ven. et, ut videtur, Flor. Farn. Scripsi
τίς δὲ μηδὲν ἐν δέει καρδίαν ἔτ᾽ ἀνατρέφων, ἢ πόλις βροτός θ' ὁμοίως, ἔτ᾽ ἂν σέβοι δίκαν;

mvp-comment-364-1 ἀνάρχετον:

μήτ' ἄναρκτον βίον
M. G. Ald. Rob. Τurn.
μήτ' ἀνάρκετον β.
Farn.
μήτ' ἀνάρκητον β.
Ven. (sic Ven.) Flor.
μήτ' ἄναρκτον οὖν βίον
Heathius. Recte videtur Wieselerus scribendum censuisse
μήτ' ἀνάρχετον βίον
, ut
ἀπεύχετον
Aeschylus dixit in Choeph. v. 149. et 615.

mvp-comment-365-1 παντὶ:

παντὶ
Pauwius. Libri
ἅπαντι
.

mvp-comment-366-1 ἀλλ᾽ ἄλλα δ᾽ ἐφορεύει: Deinde error Aldinae,

μέτῳ τὸ κράτος
, fecit ut Turnebus daret
μὲν ὅτῳ τὸ κράτος
. Deinde
ἄλλα ἄλλαι δ' ἐφορεύει
Μ.
ἄλλα ἄλλα δ᾽ ἐφορεύει
Ven. Flor. Farn.
ἄλλα ἄλλα δ᾽ ἐφορεύει
Rob.
ἄλλα ἄλλα διεφορεύει
G. deleto accentu gravi, qui in
άλλα
ad ultimam syllabam adscriptus fuerat.
άλλα ἄλλα διεφορεύει
Ald. Turn. Scribendum esse
ἀλλ᾽ ἄλλα δ᾽ ἐφορεύει
Wellauerus vidit. Hoc dicit poeta, omni medio deus primatum concessit: alia enim aliter gubernat, i. e. alia aliis rebus pro suo arbitrio attribuit. Scholiastes quid in mente habuerit, non ausim dicere. Verba eius haec sunt,
ἄλλα ἄλλως ἐφορᾷ ὁ Θεός· ἔσθ' ὅπη δέους
. Abreschius et Heathius scripsisse eum putaverunt
ἔσθ' ὅπη δέος
, idque ad v. 510. rettulerunt.

mvp-comment-367-1 δυςσεβίας:

δυςσεβίας
Porsonus, et sic Farn. in quo ιωνικόν adscriptum est.
δισσεβείας
Rob. Ceteri
δυσσεβείας
.

mvp-comment-368-1 ὑγιείας:

ὑγείας
Rob.

mvp-comment-369-1 αὖ φρενῶν ὁ πάμφιλος: Libri

φρενῶν ὁ πᾶσι φίλος
. Heathio
πᾶσιν
scribenti olim obtemperavi, ut ceteri editores. Sed displicet hoc metrum hic prae eo quod in antistrophico versu libri habent,
δωμάτων ἐπιστροφάς
. Quare scripsi
* αὖ * φρενῶν ὁ πάμφιλος
.

mvp-comment-370-1 καὶ:

τε καὶ
pro
καὶ
Farn. Habet enim in antistrophicis versibus
καὶ ξενοτίμους γε δωμάτων ἐπιστροφάς
.

mvp-comment-371-1 δέ σοι:

δέ σοι
Μ. G. Par. Ven. Flor. Farn. Rob. Errorem Aldinae,
δέ τοι
, Turnebus et ceteri servarunt.

mvp-comment-372-1 αἴδεσαι δίκας:

αἴδεσται δίκας
error Ald. Hinc
αἰδεῖσθαι δίκας
Turn.

mvp-comment-373-1 νιν: Post

νιν
in Par. additum
τὴν δίκην
, adnotatio scholiastae.

mvp-comment-374-1 ἀτίσῃς:

ἀτίσης
(sic M.) vel
ἀτίσῃς
M. G. Ald. Rob. Turn.
ἀντίσῃς
Ven. (sic Ven.) Flor.
ἀντήσῃς
Farn.
πατήσης. γρ. ἀτίσῃς
Par.

mvp-comment-375-1 ἐπέσται:

ἕπεται
pro
ἐπέσται
Ven. Flor. Farn.

mvp-comment-376-1 τις:

τι
pro
τις
Farn.

mvp-comment-377-1 ξενοτίμους:

γε
post
ξενοτίμους
addit Farn.

mvp-comment-378-1 δωμάτων ἐπιστροφὰς:

δώματαν ἐπιστροφὰς
G.
δώματ' ἀνεπιστροφὰς
Ald. Ceteri
δωμάτων ἐπιστροφάς
, quorum verborum ordinem mutaverat Heathius. V. ad v. 527.

mvp-comment-379-1 αἰδόμενός τις ἔστω:

αιδούμενός τις ἔστω
Ven.

mvp-comment-380-1 ἑκὼν δ᾽ ἀνάγκας ἄτερ: Libri

ἐκ τῶνδ᾽ ἀνάγκας ἄτερ
. Recipienda erat Wieseleri emendatio,
ἑκὼν δ᾽ ἀνάγκας ἄτερ
.

mvp-comment-381-1 ὢν: omittit Farn.

mvp-comment-382-1 πανώλεθρος δ᾽:

πανόλεθρος
Ald. Rob. Post
πανώλεθρος
Pauwius
δ'
inseruit.

Commentary on the Eumenides (OCR draft) (Brief English notes on Aeschylus' Eumenides by F. A. Paley, 1885.) focus

mvp-comment-162-1 κικλησκέτω] Schol.

ἡμᾶς δηλονότι.

mvp-comment-163-1 ταῦτα] ‘in such strains,' λέγων οι θρηνῶν. See on Pers. 161 .

mvp-comment-164-1 ἔσθ᾽ ὅπου] ‘There are cases in which the dread of retribution should remain enthroned in the heart, keeping a salutary watch even over men's minds (as well as over their actions).' For δεῖ μένειν the Med. has δειμαίνει, but the Schol.

οὐ πανταχὴ τὸ δεινὸν ἀπεῖναι φρενῶν δεῖ.
The necessity of some moral control is here strongly inculcated; for without having anything to dread neither city nor private citizen would continue to respect justice.

mvp-comment-165-1 ὑπὸ στένει] through suffering. This doctrine is enlarged upon in Ag. 170 seqq.

mvp-comment-166-1 μηδέν] Supply δεινὸν from v. 491. In the next verse the metre of v. 489 suggests καρδίας ἂν ἀνατρέφων, ‘if he cherishes no fear in the gaiety of his heart, but thinks all will be well however he may act. - ὁμοίως, as he would do were he in constant fear of punishment.

mvp-comment-167-1 ἀνάρχετον = ἄναρκτον (the MS. reading, corrected by Wieseler) may be compared with ἀπεύχετον = ἄπευκτον, Cho. 614 . Hesych.

ἄναρκτον· ἀνυπότακτον, οὗ οὐδεὶς ἦρξε.
«The poet here advises the via media in politics, wishing perhaps to warn the party of Pericles to be moderate in their reforms.

mvp-comment-168-1 ἄλλ᾿ ἄλλᾳ] 'But other things (viz. whatever is in extreme) he regards differently, or with disfavour. The more ordinary meaning of the phrase, like alia aliter, is here inapplicable.

mvp-comment-169-1 ξύμμετρον] concise, Schol.

σύντομον.
He sums up in a brief maxim the doctrine given at length in Ag. 732 seqq. This is a warning not to overthrow time-honoured institutions, like the court of the Areopagus.

mvp-comment-170-1 ἐς τὸ πᾶν] Generally, and beyond the application to a particular instance. For the altar of Justice,' see Ag. 375 .

mvp-comment-171-1 κύριον τέλος] Το every man a proper and fitting end is in reserve, viz. punishment or reward according to his deserts.

mvp-comment-172-1 αἰδόμενος] This may stand alone as the predicate, for αἰδήμων, ‘let him show respect by honouring parents and guest,' or we may construe let him honour parents and show a due regard to hospitality, lit. 'to the guesthonouring management of his house. Compare δωμάτων ἐπιστροφὰς in Theb. 645 .

mvp-comment-173-1 ἐκών] The doctrine of voluntary justice, i.e. acting from a sense of right and not merely through fear of punishment, a very advanced principle of morality, was enunciated by Simonides quoted by Plato, Protag. p. 345 D . See also Resp. 11. p. 360 c

οὐδεὶς ἑκὼν δίκαιος ἀλλ᾽ ἀναγκαζόμενος.
Such a man, says the poet, will not be unblessed; wholly ruined he never can be, though he may meet with some reverses in life. We should read with real interest such expressions of faith in the reward of virtue; the doctrine is alike profound and sublime. He goes on to say that the sinner who recklessly confuses right with wrong will suffer a shipwreck in the end, and the gods will not bear him in his distress.

Selected scholia accompanying Blass's Eumenides (OCR draft) (The mixed Greek, Latin, and German scholia register printed with Friedrich Blass's 1907 edition, aligned to O. L. Smith's later recensional editions.) focus

mvp-comment-197-1 διαδοχήν.

mvp-comment-198-1 παθὼν δέ τις μάτην ἑαυτὸν παραμυθεῖται τῆι εἰς ἡμᾶς ἐλπίδι. ἡ, ἕκαστος δὲ τῶν φονέων παρηγορηθήσεται. τλήμων γὰρ ὁ ἀναιδής· „ἡ δ᾽ ὧδε τλήμων" (Soph. El. 275).

mvp-comment-199-1 ἡμᾶς δηλονότι.

mvp-comment-200-1 θροῶν.

mvp-comment-201-1 ταῦτα ἀναιρούμενος πατήρ ἤ μήτηρ ὑπὸ παιδός.

mvp-comment-202-1 ἐπειδὴ ἀπόλωλε (f: παρόλ. Μ) τὸ δίκαιον (auch f).

mvp-comment-203-1 οὐ πανταχῆι τὸ δεινὸν ἀπεῖναι φρενῶν δεῖ.

mvp-comment-204-1 ὥστε καθήμενον ὑπὸ στένει σωφρονεῖν. ὡσεὶ ἔλεγεν ὑπὸ τῶι δέει. ἔστι δὲ ἀπ᾿ εὐθείας τῆς τὸ στένος.

mvp-comment-205-1 λαμπρότητι, ὀρθότητι φρενῶν.

mvp-comment-206-1 ἀλλὰ τὸν (Rob. f. τῶν) ἠρέμα τούτων ἐφαπτόμενον· παρόσον αἱ μὲν παντάπασι τυραννούμενοι κακῶς βιοῦσιν, οἱ δὲ ἄναρχοι πονηρῶς.

mvp-comment-208-1 ὑπόδοσιν Μ, ὑπόδυσιν g (-δησιν f).

mvp-comment-209-1 ἄλλα ἄλλως ἐφορᾶι ὁ θεός. ἔσθ᾽ ὅπη(ι) δέους (zu 516, Weckl.).

mvp-comment-210-1 σύντομον.

mvp-comment-211-1 ὕβριν γεννῶσα. οἱ γὰρ ἀρξάμενοι τοῦ θείου καταφρονεῖν ὑβρίζουσι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους.

mvp-comment-212-1 ἐκ δ᾽ ὑγιείας φρενῶν: ἐκ τοῦ ὀρθὰς ἔχειν φρένας. νόσον δὲ φρενῶν τὴν δυσσέβειάν φησιν, ὑγίειαν δὲ ἐξ ἧς ἂν εἴη τιμή· ἐξ ἐκείνης δὲ ὕβρις.

mvp-comment-213-1 καθολικῶς λέγω τὸ ἐπιφερόμενον.

mvp-comment-214-1 τὴν δίκην.

mvp-comment-215-1 ὁ χωρὶς ἀνάγκης δίκαιος ὤν.

mvp-comment-216-1 τὸν τὰ ἐναντία τοῖς εἰρημένοις τολμῶντα. ἀντὶ τοῦ) τὸν ἄδικον. παραβεβηκότα.

Wecklein’s commentary on Eumenides (1888; German; OCR draft) (Explanatory commentary, pp. 251–322; HW42J8 and HXJHA8 OCR collated, with missing comparison pages 294–295 explicitly marked. Unresolved OCR and provisional reference mappings are explicitly marked.) focus

mvp-comment-277-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 287

mvp-comment-277-2 zweites Stasimon: Der Umsturz der alten Satzungen durch den Sieg des Muttermörders müfste schreckliche Zügellosigkeit und sittliche Verwilderung zur Folge haben, da man für Mord und blu- tige Mifshandlungen keinen Rächer mehr zu fürchten hätte. Furcht mufs herrschen; ohne Furcht kann kein Recht bestehen. Keine Gewaltherrschaft, aber auch keine Gesetzlosigkeit! Das Richtige liegt in der Mitte. Diese rechte Mitte hängt zusammen mit Gesundheit des Geistes, während Gottlosigkeit des Sinnes Übermut und damit Zuchtlosigkeit oder Gewaltherrschaft erzeugt ( ὕβρις φυτεύει τύραννον Soph. Oed. T.873 ). Drum übe man Recht, ehre die Eltern und achte das Gastrecht. Wem diese Rechtlichkeit aus innerer Überzeugung hervorgeht, der wird nicht unbeglückt sein; jedenfalls wird er nie ganz zu Grunde gehen. Für den Frevler aber wird über kurz oder lang die Stunde der Demütigung kommen; dann wird niemand sein Flehen erhören; die Gottheit wird sich vielmehr seines Untergangs freuen und sein früherer Glanz wird für alle Zeit verschollen und vergessen sein.

mvp-comment-284-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-284-2 Zu Ag. 1333 .

mvp-comment-285-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-285-2 Es könnte ταῦτα γάρ heissen. ταῦτα ist von ( οἶκτον) οἰκτί σαιτο abhängig. νεοπαθής ist dreisilbig zu lesen: zu 453 und Ag. 1162 .

mvp-comment-286-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-286-2 πίτνει δόμος δίκας: Cho. 643

δίκας ἐρείδεται πυθμήν
und oben zu 163.

mvp-comment-287-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-287-2 Gar manchmal ist die Furcht wohlgethan. Cho. 337

τί τῶνδ᾽ εὖς

mvp-comment-288-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-288-2 φρενῶν ἐπίσκοπον, über den Sinn wachend (die Furcht mufs als Wächterin der Seele niedergesetzt bleiben).

mvp-comment-289-1 1

mvp-comment-289-2 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-289-3 conducit rebus angustis coactum sapere (Hermann). Ag.190

καὶ παρ᾽ ἄκοντας ἦλθε σωφρονεῖν.

mvp-comment-290-1 2

mvp-comment-290-2 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-290-3 Vgl. 702 τίς γὰρ δεδοικὼς μηδὲν ἔνδικος βροτῶν;

mvp-comment-291-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-291-2 ἢ πόλις βροτός τε (d. i. εἴτε πόλις εἴτε ἰδιώτης) für ἢ πόλις ἢ βροτός oder πόλις τε βροτός τε wie Hom. Β 289 ὥστε γὰρ ἢ παῖδες νεαροὶ χῆραί τε γυναῖκες ἀλλήλοισιν ὀδύρονται.

mvp-comment-292-1 3

mvp-comment-292-2 Wecklein 1888, p. 289

mvp-comment-292-3 Vgl. 699 ff. ἀνάρχετος für ἄναρκτος wie ἀπεύχετος für ἄπευκτος, πανάρκετος und ἀμάχετος bei Aschylos, ἀγάμετος bei Sophokles.

mvp-comment-292-4 4

mvp-comment-293-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-293-2 μέσον, die Mitte zwischen zwei Extremen, das rechte Mafs ( μέτριον). Vgl. zu Ag. 413 , Theogn. 335 μηδὲν ἄγαν σπεύδειν· πάντων μέσ᾽ ἄριστα, Pind. Pyth. ΧΙ 53 τῶν γὰρ ἂμ πόλιν εὑρίσκων τὰ μέσσα μάσσονι σὺν ὄλβῳ τεθαλότα μέμφομ' αἶσαν τυραννίδων, Eur. Med. 125

τῶν γὰρ μετρίων πρῶτα μὲν εἰπεῖν τοὔνομα νικᾷ χρῆσθαί τε μακρῷ λῷστα βροτοῖσιν
. — ἄλλ᾽ ἄλλα δ᾽ ἐφορεύει dient nur zur Hebung des Hauptgedankens wie 653 τὰ δ᾽ ἄλλα πάντ᾽ ἄνω τε καὶ κάτω στρέφων τίθησιν κτέ. Der Mitte verleiht Gott gewifs immer den Vorzug, während er sonst das eine auf diese, das andere auf jene Weise ansieht, d. h. steht das günstige Urteil der Gottheit über irgend etwas fest, so ist dieses die rechte Mitte. Vgl. auch zu Ag. 413 und über die Stellung von dé ebd. 744.

mvp-comment-294-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-294-2 In Ubereinstimmung damit steht der Satz, den ich ausspreche.

mvp-comment-295-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-295-2 Der gleiche Gedanke wie Ag. 755 ff.

τέκος
wie τέκνον Cho. 645
τεκνοῦσθαι, τίκτει
 Ag. 751, 756.

mvp-comment-296-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-296-2 ἐς τὸ πᾶν: καθολικῶς Schol. Über die Stellung von d έ zu Ag. 1084 .

mvp-comment-297-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-297-2 βωμὸν Δίκας: zu 163.

mvp-comment-298-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-298-2 λὰξ ἀτίσῃς d. i. λακτίσας ἀτιμάσης, vgl. Ag. 394

λακτίσαντι μέ γαν Δίκας βωμόν
.

mvp-comment-299-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-299-2 Die Stunde der Entscheidung harrt.

mvp-comment-300-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-300-2 πρὸς τάδε, proinde. Vgl. Pers. 173

προς τάδ᾽ ὡς οὕτως ἐχόν των.
Häufiger steht in diesem Sinne πρὸς ταῦτα. Die drei Hauptgebote der griechischen Moral ,,ehre die Götter, verletze nicht das Gastrecht, ehre die Eltern" werden auch Suppl. 709 ff. ans Herz gelegt, wo es zuletzt heifst: τὸ γὰρ τεκόντων σέβας, τρίτον τόδ᾽ ἐν θεσμίοις Δίκας γέγραπται μεγιστοτίμου. Vgl. oben zu 270 f.

mvp-comment-301-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-301-2 ξενοτίμους proleptisch wie Soph. El. 242 γονέων ἐκτίμους ἴσχουσα πτέρυγας ὀξυτόνων γόων: man achte den Aufenthalt Fremder im Hause, indem man sie ehrt.

mvp-comment-301-3 5

mvp-comment-302-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 290

mvp-comment-302-2 Die Form αιδόμενος auch Suppl. 367 . τις wiederholt wie Suppl. 58

εἰ δὲ κυρεῖ τις .. δοξάσει τις ἀκούειν. ἔστω
: zu Cho. 136 .

mvp-comment-303-1 Wecklein 1888, p. 291

mvp-comment-303-2 ἀνάγκας ἄτερ verstärkt ἑκών wie in den Wendungen κατ' αἶσαν οὐδ᾽ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν, ἑκόντα κοὐκ ἄκοντα, βίᾳ τε κοὐχ ἑκών, πρὸς χάριν τε κου βίᾳ, γνῶτα κοὐκ ἄγνωτα, πολλάκις τε κοὐχ ἅπαξ, πάλαι κοὐ νεωστί, βαιοῦ κοὐχὶ μυρίου χρόνου u. a. Der Dichter schliefst damit die Scheinheiligkeit aus. Hor. epist. I 16 oderunt peccare boni virtutis amore.

Commentary (Arthur Sidgwick, 1887) (OCR draft) (Arthur Sidgwick's commentary on the Eumenides, aligned to the canonical Greek text.) focus

mvp-sidgwick-243-1-1

And one man shall ask of another
As he tells of his neighbours' woes,
That trouble may cease and be diminished :
And the hapless man gives comfort in vain,
Speaking of cures that profit not.
There is a grandeur and impressiveness of gloomy prophecy which almost remind one of the Hebrew prophets or poets of the Old Testament.

mvp-sidgwick-244-1-1 In this fine stanza the Erinyes speak as the Powers of Justice which the gods have overthrown: The afflicted shall call upon us, but we will not hear is what, in effect, they say.

mvp-sidgwick-245-1-1 Somewhere should fear abide enthroned, watching the heart of man; tis well to be chastened with suffering.

mvp-sidgwick-245-2-1 The doctrine that suffering brings wisdom is a favourite Aeschylean maxim,

τὸν πάθει μάθος θέντα κυρίως ἔχειν
Ag. 177 .

mvp-sidgwick-246-1-1 The MSS. read :

τίς δὲ μηδὲν ἐν φάει
καρδίαν ἀνατρέφων
ἢ πόλις, κ.τ.λ.
The general sense is plain : who, if he have nought to fear will any longer be just? But the text as it stands is corrupt, and as it is easy to rewrite the two lines to give the right sense, there are a vast number of suggestions, none convincing ;—

mvp-sidgwick-246-2-1 (1) Some (Pal. Well. others) retain the first line and read καρδίας: who, if he cherish no [fear] in the gaiety of his heart..., but it is hardly credible that the principal idea, fear should be understood from the last stanza: and therefore-

mvp-sidgwick-246-3-1 (2) The best emendation (without too much alteration) is the old one of Auratus (Herm. Weckl. Schütz. D.)-

τίς δὲ μηδὲν ἐν δέει
καρδίαν ἀνατρέφων, κ.τ.λ.
who, if he do not train his heart in fear, etc.... There is a further question whether we should keep l. 522
κᾶρδῖ- | ᾶν ӑ- | νᾱτρε- | φῶν or make the correspondence with l. 512
exact, by inserting ἄν; κᾱρδῐ- | ᾱν ᾰν | ἄνᾰτρě- | φῶν. It is perhaps better to insert the av : though the thrice repeated syllable -av- is a little rough.

ἢ ... τε is irregular :

whether city or man we must say in English.

ἀνάρχετον . (read for metre's sake), like

ἀπεύχετον
Cho. 625 .

παντὶ μέσῳ , ever to the mean god gives success: a common Greek maxim: so Ag. 378

ἔστω δ᾽ ἀπήμαντον ὥστ᾽ ἀπαρκεῖν,
ib. 466
τὸ δ᾽ ὑπερκόπως εὖ κλύειν βαρὺ κρίνω δ᾽ ἄφθονον ὄλβον,
 etc., the idea being that excess was dangerous: so Eur. Fr. 80 τὰ μείζω τῶν μέσων τίκτει νόσους.

ἐφορεύει , directs.

ξύμμετρον . seems best taken as timely, fitting: a rather fanciful way of saying wise. [Others take it in accord with this, i.e. with the doctrine of moderation: which is a possible meaning and may be defended: only the main point of all this chorus is the need of repressing crime and licence, and the doctrine of moderation is rather a digression.]

mvp-sidgwick-252-1-1 This notion, that crime leads to new crime, is familiar from the Agamemnon:

τὸ δυσσεβές γὰρ ἔργον μετὰ μὲν πλείονα τίκτει
l. 759 ,
ὕβρις παλαιὰ νεάζουσαν ὕβριν τίκτει
l. 763 .

mvp-sidgwick-253-1-1 I take H.'s correction πάμφιλος for πᾶσι φίλος and Hartung's δόμων for

δωμάτων
l. 547 : the alternative (to read πᾶσιν, and change the order of δωμάτων ἐπιστροφάς) really alters the text as much, and produces a less likely metre.

ἐς τὸ πᾶν , for whate'er befall; i. e. as the first and greatest rule of life.

κύριον μένει τέλος , the appointed end abideth: only an impressive way of saying that good and evil alike shall meet their deserts.

ξενοτίμους δόμων ἐπιστροφάς , κ.τ.λ., literally, [ let him revere] guest-honouring visits of the house: a characteristically elaborated expression for hospitable welcome.

οὐκ ἄνολβος ἔσται , understatement such as is natural and common in Greek, shall not fail to prosper. ll. 553-554

. If the reading is right, the acc. τὰ πολλὰ παντόφυρτ᾽ is governed by the verbal idea in παραιβάταν: The man who dares to resist and commits all manner of transgressions, swerving from Right: such accusatives after verbals are rather in the manner of Aeschylus :
θυμοβόρου φρένα
Ag. 103 ,
πολλὰ συνίστορα
ib. 1090 ,
ἄπορα πόριμος
Prom. 904 ,
χοὰς προπομπός
Cho. 23 ,
ἀπότροπον ἄγος
ib. 155 . (So Schol.) Of the corrections proposed Pauw's is the best ... παντόφυρτ᾽ ἄγοντ᾽ ἄνευ (reading παρβάταν for καὶ παραιβάταν), bringing much confusion : but though the grammar is smoother, the sense is weaker.