Aeschylus Prometheus Bound 609

Herbert Weir Smyth (Translator)

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Prometheus Bound. Aeschylus. Herbert Weir Smyth (Translator). New York. 1922.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The Annenberg CPB/Project.

Current edition Perseus

Prometheus Bound (English) (Aeschylus, Volume 1. Smyth, Herbert Weir, translator. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1922. (Modernized by Perseus.))

Editions (7)
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης First1KGreek (Aeschyli Tragoediae. Sidgwick, Arthur, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.) — 609-886 focus
Προμηθεὺς δεσμώτης Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 1. Smyth, Herbert Weir, editor. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1922.) — 609 focus
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (OCR draft) Experimental (Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης. Guilielmus Dindorfius, 1882.) — 609 focus
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (OCR draft) Experimental (Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης. Gottfried Hermann, 1852.) — 609 focus
ΠΡΟΜΗθΕΥΣ ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ (OCR draft) Experimental (ΠΡΟΜΗθΕΥΣ ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 609 focus
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (OCR draft) Experimental (Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης. N. Wecklein, 1885.) — 609 focus
λέξω τορῶς σοι πᾶν ὅπερ χρήζεις μαθεῖν,
οὐκ ἐμπλέκων αἰνίγματ᾽, ἀλλ᾽ ἁπλῷ λόγῳ,
ὥσπερ δίκαιον πρὸς φίλους οἴγειν στόμα·
πυρὸς βροτοῖς δοτῆρ᾽ ὁρᾷς Προμηθέα.
Aeschyli Prometheus Vinctus (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschyli Prometheus Vinctus. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1914.) — 609 focus
Translations (8)
Prometheus Bound. (OCR draft) Experimental (Prometheus Bound.. Theodore Alois Buckley, 1849.) — 609 focus
I will tell thee clearly everything which thou desirest to learn, not interweaving riddles, but in plain language, as it is right to open the mouth to friends. Thou scest him that bestowed fire on mortals, Prometheus.
PROMÉTHÉE ENCHAINÉ (OCR draft) Experimental (PROMÉTHÉE ENCHAINÉ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 609 focus
maux 1 .
Prometheus Chained (OCR draft) Experimental (Prometheus Chained. Robert Potter, 1779.) — 609 focus
All, thou can'ſt wiſh to learn, I'll tell thee clearly,
Wrapt in no veil abſtruse; but in clear terms x ,
As friend to friend. Thine eyes behold Prometheus,
615
Whoſe warm benevolence gave fire to men.
Eschilo, Prometeo legato: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli (OCR draft) Experimental (Eschilo, Prometeo legato: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli. Ettore Romagnoli, 1922.) — 609 focus
Ben chiaro ciò che brami io ti dirò,
715
senza enimmi intrecciar, semplicemente,
come ad amici si convien. Tu scorgi
quei che ai mortali il fuoco diè: Promèteo.
Aeschylus, Prometheus vinctus: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Prometheus vinctus: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii. Ioannes Sanravius, 1555.) — 609 focus
Dic quod petis, omnia intelliges ex me.
Prometheus Bound (OCR draft) Experimental (Prometheus Bound. Anna Swanwick, 1886.) — 609 focus
English (E. D. A. Morshead, 1908) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound — Morshead translation. Wikisource transcription; speech corresp and card milestones aligned to Smyth perseus-grc2.) — 609 focus
Lo, clearly will I show forth all thy quest—
Not in dark speech, but with such simple phrase
655
As doth befit the utterance of a friend.
I am Prometheus, who gave fire to men.
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1854; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylos. Deutsch in den Versmaßen der Urschrift. Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1854. Native Donner line citations, Smyth card correspondence, selected textual readings and metrical facsimiles. Remaining OCR differences and unattributed reading notes are documented in the linked review inventory.) — 609 focus
Ich will dir klar enthüllen, was du hören willst,
Nicht Räthselsprüche flechtend, nein, in schlichtem Wort,
Sowie vor Freunden unverhüllt zu reden ziemt.
610
Ich bin Prometheus, dem der Mensch das Feuer dankt.

Commentary

Critical apparatus to Prometheus Bound (OCR draft) (Latin and Greek critical apparatus to Gottfried Hermann's 1852 edition of Prometheus Bound.) focus

608-609. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-687

NA: Omissa
εἴπερ οἶσθα θρόει
in G. quorum
εἴπερ οἶσθα
post
μῆνιν
adscripta, inducto deinde ab alia manu atramento additoque
θρόει
.

609. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-688

φράζε:
φράζετε
Μ.
φράζε τε
Lips. Aug. Bess. Rob.
φράζε δὲ
Ald.
φράζε τε τὰ
G.
φράζε τε τῷ
Cant. 1. Ven. 2. Vind. 3. aliique.
φράζε τὰ
Vit. Par. B. (in quo adscriptum
φράζε δυσπλάνῳ
) et sic inde a Turnebo editores.

609. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-689

δυςπλάνῳ:
δυσπλάνων
Μ. non
δυστάνῳ
, ut Butlerus ait.

610. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-690

ὅπερ:
ὅτι
M. Vit. Ven. 3. edd. vett.
ὃ
G. Lips. Aug. Par. E. Vind. 2. 4. Restituit
ὅπερ
Porsonus ex Εtym. Μ. p. 762, 30. et Gudiano p. 532, 32. ubi hic et duo sequentes versus ut Sophoclis afferuntur. In Etym. Gud. scriptum est
τορόν σοι
.

612. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-691

φίλους:
φίλον
ante correctionem primae manus, Vit.

614. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-692

NA: Usus est hoc versu scriptor Christi patientis v. 699.

614. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-693

θνητοῖσιν:
θνητοῖσι
, supra adscripto
ν
, Μ.
θνητοῖσι
G. Vit. Lips. Vind. 3. edd. vett.
βροτοῖσι
Colb. 2. Par. E.

615. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-694

τλῆμον:
τλήμων
Lips. Aug.

615. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-695

δίκην: Ad
δίκην
in G. ab ea manu, quae scholia scripsit, superscriptum
χάριν
, scholioque praefixum
τοῦ χάριν
. In textu
χάριν
Colb. 2. Vind. 1.
γρ. χάριν
Par. B. Scriptor Christi patientis v. 700.
τοῦ δίκην πάσχεις τάδε
, ubi mendose
δίκης
editum.

616. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-696

NA: Afferunt hunc versum Tzetzes ad Lycophr. 106. et scholiastes Theocriti ad IV. 51.

617. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-697

οὔκουν:
οὐκ οὖν
Aug. sed Lips. cum ceteris
οὔκουν
.

617. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-698

τήνδε:
τάνδε
Lips. Vind. 2. Ald. Rob.

618. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-699

αἰτεῖ:
αἰτεῖ
a pr. manu M. G. Vulgatum
αὐτῇ
in utroque a correctore factum.
αἰτεῖς
Vind. 3.

618. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-700

πᾶν γὰρ ἂν πύθοιό μου:
πᾶν γὰρ οὖν πύθοιό μου
Μ.
πᾶν γὰρ πύθοιό μου
Vit. Colb. 1. 2.
πάντα γὰρ πύθοιό μοι
G. Ven. 1. Ox. Ald. Rob.
πᾶν γὰρ ἐκπύθοιό μου
Lips. Aug. Vind. 2. 3. 4. Turn.
γρ. πᾶν γὰρ ἂν πύθοιο. γρ. πάντα γὰρ πύθοιο
Par. Β. Restituit Brunckius
πᾶν γὰρ ἂν πύθοιο μου
. Et videtur sic habere Bess. nisi quod in eo
μοι
est.

619. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-701

ὤχμασεν:
ᾤχμασεν
M. Vit. Lips. Aug. Cantabr. 1.
ὤχμασε
G. edd. vett.

620. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-702

βούλευμα μὲν τὸ Δῖον:
βούλευμα μὲν τὸ δῖον
etiam Μ.
β. μέντοι τὸ δῖον
Vit.
β. μὲν τοῦ διὸς
Lips. Aug.

621. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-703

τίνεις: Usus est hoc versu scriptor Christi patientis v. 701.
τείνεις
G.

624. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-704

τίς ἔσται:
τί ἔσται
Lips. Aug.

625. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-705

σοι:
σοι
M. G. Lips. Aug. aliique et edd. vett.
σε
Vit. et alii nonnulli. Turbari videtur hic στιχομυθία eo quod duobus quos Io dixit versibus uno respondet Prometheus. Vnde quae nascitur suspicio, excidisse hic alterum Promethei versum, eam augere videri potest scholiastes, qui sic scripsit,
Ἐπικούρειόν ἐστι δόγμα, ἀναιροῦν τὴν μαντικήν· εἱμαρμένης γάρ, φησί, πάντα κρατούσης, πρὸ καιροῦ λελύπηκας, ἢ χρηστόν τι εἰπὼν τὴν ἡδονὴν ἐξέλυσας. λέγουσι δὲ καὶ τὸ “ἃ δεῖ γενέσθαι, ταῦτα καὶ γενήσεται.”
Quae adnotatio a quopiam profecta videri potest, qui quum omissum in codicis quem transscribebat contextu hunc versum in margine adscriptum videret, eum ut proverbium explicationis caussa adiectum interpretationi suae inserendum esse putaverit. Est autem haec sententia aptissima, et ex hoc ipso dicto recte concludere potuit Io quod respondet,
μήτοι με κρύψῃς τοῦθ᾽ ὅπερ μέλλω παθεῖν
, in quibus verbis Schützius, non recte rationem conclusam videns, iure haerebat. Monui haec dudum in diss. de versibus spuriis apud Aeschylum p. 10. sive Opusc. II. p. 83. Potest tamen quod libri praebent defendi, modo
τοι
non concludendae rationi, sed asseverando hortandoque inservire credamus. Neque quod ad
στιχομυθίαν
attinet, deest quod responderi possit, quum alio modo servata esse aequabilitas videatur. Nam quemadmodum post v. 614. 615. septem versus sunt inter Prometheum et Ionem divisi, ita idem factum est post v. 623. 624.

626. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-706

μήτοι:
μήτοι
M. Vit. Lips. Aug. edd. vett. et scholiastes Euripidis ad Hec. 565. ed. Matth. ut codices nonnulli et Thomas M. p. 228, 15.
μή τι κρύψῃς με
G.

626. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-707

τοῦθ':
τόδ'
pro
τοῦθ'
Lips. Aug.

627. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-708

τοῦδέ σοι δωρήματος:
τοῦδέ τοι δωρήματος
M. G. Vit. Colb. 2. Par. H. L. N. Ven. 2. 3. Bess. Cantabr. 1. 2. Vindobonenses, Rob.
τοῦδε δωρήματος
Lips. Aug. Ald.
τοῦδέ σοι δωρήματος
Turn. quod verum esse puto.

628. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-709

μὴ οὐ:
μὴ
, superscripto a sec. manu
οὐ
, M. Ceteri plerique libri
μὴ οὐ
, nisi quod
οὐ
in G. Colb. 2. Cantabr. 2. erasum est.

628. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-710

γεγωνίσκειν τὸ πᾶν:
γεγωνεῖν με τὸ πᾶν
Lips. Aug.

629. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-711

σὰς δ᾽ ὀκνῶ:
σὰς δοκῶ
G. Ven. 1. Ald.

629. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-712

θράξαι:
θράξαι
, hoc accentu, libri, et diserte testantur grammatici
ταράσσειν
brevi
ā
esse. V. Etym. M. p. 746, 38. Draco p. 85, 23.

630. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-713

μᾶσσον ἢ ἐμοὶ γλυκύ: Libri
μᾶσσον ὡς ἐμοὶ γλυκύ
. Turnebus ex codice quopiam notavit, quod Brunckius aliique probarunt. Elmsleius
μασσόνως ἐμοὶ γλυκύ
, elegante et valde probabili coniectura; licet eam ipse ad Heracl. 544. non magni se facere dixerit. At aut sic scripsit, opinor, Aeschylus, aut
μάσσον ὧν ἐμοὶ γλυκύ
, i. e.
ἢ ἃ σε προκήδεσθαι ἐμοὶ γλυκύ ἐστι
. Sed quum haud paullo verisimilius sit
μασσόνως
a librariis esse depravatum, non dubitavi recipere Elmsleii emendationem. Neque enim inveni nisi et paucissima et ea valde suspecta exempla, quae tueri
ὡς
gratum viderentur. Quorum aptissimum est Dii Pythagorei apud Stobaeum LXV. 16. de hominibus formosis dicentis
τούτως γάρ, ὡς ἐνί, ισσότερον οἱ πλεῦνες ὡς θεὼς ἢ θεῶν ἱδρύματα ὑποτρέχοντι καὶ θεραπεύοντι, θρησκεύοντες οὐ καλὰν θρήσκειαν
. Recte sic ibi vulgo legebatur,
ὡς ἐνί
, ut uno verbo dicam, neque debebat hoc, quamvis cum auctoritate, in
ὡς ví
mutari. Et hoc quidem exemplum eo memorabile est, quia non licet in
ἢ ὡς
scribi, quo fortasse remedio uti quis velit in aliis, ut apud Lysiam or. VII. 12. quae est de oleis excisis,
ἐγὼ τοίνυν, ὦ βουλή, ἐν μὲν τῷ τέως χρόνῳ, ὅσοι με φάσκοιεν δεινὸν καὶ ἀκριβῆ καὶ οὐδὲν ἂν εἰκῇ καὶ ἀλογίστως ποιῆσαι, ἠγανάκτουν ἄν, ἡγούμενος μᾶλλον λέγεσθαι ὡς μοι προςήκει
. Quo in loco ex
μᾶλλον
repetendum
δεινὸν καὶ ἀκριβῆ
. Εt §. 31.
ἐγὼ γὰρ τὰ ἐμοὶ προςτεταγμένα ἅπαντα προθυμότερον πεποίηκα ὡς ὑπὸ τῆς πόλεως ἠναγκαζόμην
. Αc profecto in priore horum locorum Dobraeus Adv. I. p. 206. vel
ὧν
vel
ἢ
vel
ἢ ὡς
scribi voluit. Omninoque Lysiae et Stobaeo, quorum scriptorum libri plurimis et maximis inquinati sunt librariorum erroribus, non multum in huiusmodi rebus tribui potest. Quare ego quoque et Lysiae illa exempla correctione indigere, et in Dii verbis pro
ὡς
scribendum
ἢ
arbitror, quarum vocularum quam facilis permutatio sit ostendit Bastius in diss. palaeogr. p. 780. In versibus Xenophanis apud Ath. XII. p. 526. A. recte scribitur
οὐ μείους ἤπερ χίλιοι εἰς ἐπίπαν
. Αpud Xenophontem Hist. Gr. II. 3, 16. scribendum est
εἰ δὲ – ἧττόν τι οἴει ἢ ὥςπερ τυραννίδος ταύτης τῆς ἀρχῆς χρῆναι ἐπιμελεῖσθαι
: conf. ibi Schneiderum. Alia quae afferuntur, in quibus
ὡς
aut simile vocabulum pro
ἤ
positum sit, aut alius generis sunt, aut male intellecta. Non potest huc referri quod Demosthenes dixit in or. contra Aristogitonem prima S. 53. p. 786, 20.
εἶτ᾿ ὃν οὐδὲ τῶν ἐν λίθου θεῶν εἰκός ἐστι τυχεῖν ἵλεων, ἀλλ᾽ εἰς τοὺς ἀσεβεῖς ὠσθῆναι διὰ τὴν πονηρίαν τοῦ βίου, τοῦτον ὑμεῖς ἀδικοῦντα λαβόντες οὐ μόνον οὐ τιμωρήσεσθε, ἀλλὰ καὶ μειζόνων ἀξιώσαντες δωρεῶν ἀφήσετε ὡς τοὺς εὐεργέτας;
Significat enim
ὡς
hic idem quod
εἰς
, oppositaque sunt haec verba,
ἀφήσετε ὡς τοὺς εὐεργέτας
, illis,
εἰς τοὺς ἀσεβεῖς ὠσθῆναι
. Neque magis huc referri potest illud Damoxeni apud Galenum vol. II. p. 422. ed. Bas. sive vol. XIII. p. 1053. ed. Lips.
πλεῖον δὲ τοῦ χειμῶνος, ὡς λίτραν, βάλ' εἰς οἴνου Φαλερίνου μέλανος οὐγκίας δέκα
. Sic ibi, non
πλεῖόν τε
, scribendum. Non enim plus quam libram dicit, sed circiter una libra plus quam si non hieme miscetur medicamentum. Nam quae praecedunt verba, quae sic scripta leguntur,
λίτραν τ' ἐλαίου τοῦ Σαβίνου δὶς δ'
, ita videntur esse corrigenda,
λίτρας τ᾽ ἐλαίου τοῦ Σαβίνου τέσσαρας
, quoniam
δὶς δ'
ex fine versus, qui hunc praecedit, pro simplici
δ'
repetitum esse verisimile est. Non perspexit illius rationis naturam, qua nomini vel adverbio comparativo cum negatione coniuncto
ὡς
additur, Schaeferus ad Plutarchum vol. IV. p. 394. Nam id genus loquendi significat nihil aeque ut. Dixit de eo Nitzschius in dissertatione de comparativis Graecae linguae modis editioni Ionis Platonici adiecta p. 76. Sic et in illo Plutarchi loco, Coriol. 36.
καὶ μὴν οὐδενὶ μᾶλλον ἔπρεπε τηρεῖν χάριν ὡς σοί, πικρῶς οὕτως ἀχαριστίαν ἐπεξιόντι
: et apud Polybium ΙΙΙ. 12, 5.
διὸ καὶ τοὺς ἐπὶ πραγμάτων ταττομένους χρὴ τῶν τοιούτων οὐδενὸς μᾶλλον φροντίζειν ὡς τοῦ μὴ λανθάνειν τὰς προαιρέσεις τῶν διαλυομένων τὰς ἔχθρας, ἢ συντιθεμένων τὰς φιλίας
. VII. 4, 5.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα φάσκοντες μηδενὶ καθήκειν μᾶλλον τὴν ἁπάντων Σικελιωτῶν ἀρχὴν ὡς ἐκείνῳ
. ΧΙ. 2, 9.
Ἀσδρούβας δέ, ἕως μὲν ἦν ἐλπὶς ἐκ τῶν κατὰ λόγον τοῦ δύνασθαι πράττειν ἄξιόν τι τῶν προβεβιωμένων, οὐδενὸς μᾶλλον προενοεῖτο κατὰ τοὺς κινδύνους ὡς τῆς αὑτοῦ σωτηρίας
. Ad idem genus pertinent etiam Platonis exempla in Apologia Socratis c. 26. p. 36. D. quo loco additum
οὕτως
ante
ὡς
aperte monstrat verae explicationis viam, et de rep. VII. p. 526. C. Euripides Hippol. 530.
οὔτε γὰρ πυρὸς οὔτ᾽ ἄστρων ὑπέρτερον βέλος, οἷον τὸ τῆς Ἀφροδίτας, ἵησιν ἐκ χερῶν Ἔρως ὁ Διὸς παῖς
. Theocritus IX. 33.
οὔτε γὰρ ὕπνος, οὔτ᾽ ἔαρ ἐξαπίνας γλυκερώτερον, οὔτε μελίσσαις ἄνθεα, ὅσσον ἐμὶν Μῶσαι φίλαι
.

631. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-714

προθυμεῖ: Libri
προθυμῇ
.

633. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-715

ἱστορήσωμεν:
ἱστορήσομεν
a pr. manu M.

634. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-716

αὐτῆς:
αὑτῆς
Μ.

634. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-717

λεγούσης: Idem a pr. manu
λεγούσας
.

English commentary on Prometheus Bound (OCR draft) (N. Wecklein, translated by F. D. Allen. Ginn & Company, 1893; compared with the 1891 printing. Printed commentary pages 31–144. Provisional alignment and unresolved OCR are visibly flagged.) focus

561-886. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-375

1
2
561-886. Third Episode. Io and Prometheus. The myth of Io is connected with that of Prometheus by the person of Heracles, the libera- tor of Prometheus, who is descended from paphus, the son of Zeus and Io (see on 774). The appearance of Io therefore prepares the way for the introduction of Heracles in the Προ- μηθεὺς λυόμενος. But the immediate significance of this scene consists in the present relation of Zeus and Io. Io appears as innocent and yet perse- cuted; her sufferings, superficially considered, put Zeus in the worst possible light. Accordingly the in- dignation of Prometheus rises more and more, till at last, carried away by passion, he vaunts his secret in such terms that the interposition of Zeus becomes inevitable. So the transition to the catastrophe is pre- pared. The geographical part of this episode, with its description of marvels, like the scene of Heracles in the Προμηθεὺς λυόμενος (see below, Frg. VII. and VIII.), doubtless had a peculiar charm for the Athenians of the period. On the origin of the myth of Io, see Introd. p. 9, footnote. Io appears as a horned maiden (588, 674; so indi- cated by her mask). In early Greek art, especially in vase-paintings, she has the figure of a cow outright. On the throne of the Amyclaean Apollo, a work of the sculptor Bathycles (about Ol. 60), Hera was represented as glaring at Io, 'who is already a cow' (Paus. iii. 18. 7). On an archaic black-figured vase of the Munich collection (No. 573; see Panofka, Argos Panoptes, plate 5), Argus is seen, seated on the ground, a fero- cious figure with long hair and beard, and a huge eye in his shaggy breast; he holds in his hand a long cord, attached to the horns of a cow. Near by stands Hermes, grasping the cord near the horns with his left hand, and about to draw his sword with his right. Argus's dog
stands at bay in front of his master. Through the influence of this trag- edy, Io came later to be depicted in art as a maiden with horns. So, for instance, on a red-figured vase of the Berlin Museum (Panofka, l.c., plate 3). The stinging gadfly' of the legend (cp. Suppl. 306 BΑ. τί οὖν ἔτευξεν ἄλλο δυσπότμῳ βοΐ; ΧΟ. βοη- λάτην μύωπα κινητήριον, Verg. Georg. iii. 147 cui nomen asilo Ro- manum est, oestrum Graii vertere vocantes), which is mentioned in Io's narrative, 675 be- low, had also to be omitted in the scenic representation. The difficulty was met by a figurative conception of οἶστρος; the maddening sting was interpreted as the reminiscence of the crafty eye of Argos (567). — On account of the unusual manner of Io's entrance and exit, the anapaests which commonly accompany the ar- rival and departure of a personage are here and at 877 given to the actor, not to the chorus. So above, at the entrance of the chorus (120 ff.).

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610. Cp. Suppl. 464 αἰνιγματῶδες τοὔπος· ἀλλ᾽ ἁπλῶς φράσον, and 949 below.

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612. πυρὸς βροτοῖς δοτήρα: on the dative with personal verbal substan- tives see Krüger I. § 48, 12, 5, and on 501.- This verse, though lacking the regular caesura, is not divided in the middle, because δοτῆρ' and ὁρᾷs are closely connected by elision. Cp. 710 and see note on 640.

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613. The stichomythy is intro- duced by a speech of two verses (see on 38), and at 622 below the transi- tion to a new topic is similarly marked.

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615. ἁρμοῖ: ἀρτίως, Hesych. Ac- cording to Heraclides (Eustath. on Iliad p. 140, 13), a Syracusan word. Cp. Soph. Ai. 787 τί μ᾽ αὖ τάλαιναν ἀρτίως πεπαυμένην κακῶν ἀτρύτων ἐξ ἕδρας ἀνίστατε; Eur. Frg. 337 τί μ᾽, ὦ ξέν᾽, ἄρτι πημάτων λελησμένην ὀρθοῖς;

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621. τοσοῦτον κτέ.: διὰ τὸ μὴ ταυ- τολογῆσαι, Schol. · ἀρκῶ σαφηνίσας: for the supplementary participle with ἀρκῶ, see GMT. 899.

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625 f. μή τοι: ' τοι non concluden- dae rationi, sed asseverando hortan- doque inservit' (Hermann). Ср. 436 above, Soph. Ant. 544 μή τοι κασιγνήτη μ᾽ ἀτιμήσῃς τὸ μὴ οὐ θανεῖν, Ο. С. 1407 μή τοί με πρὸς θεῶν σφώ γε... μή μ' ἀτιμήσητέ γε, 1439 μή τοι μ᾽ ὀδύρου. – μεγαίρω : an epic word.

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627. μὴ οὐ: cp. Soph. Ai. 540 τί δῆτα μέλλει μὴ οὐ παρουσίαν ἔχειν; and 1056 below. Krüger II. § 67, 12, 4; GMT. 817. - γεγωνίσκειν : poetic pres- ent to γέγωνα, recurs Thuc. vii. 76.

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628. θράξαι: ταράξαι, λυπῆσαι, Εὐρι- πίδης Πειρίθῳ, Hesych. Cp. Bekker's Anecd. 352, 16 ἄθρακτος, ἀτάραχος. καὶ τὸ συνεχύθη ἐθράχθη Σοφοκλῆς λέγει. Eur. Rhes. 863 δέδοικα δ᾽ αὐτὸν καί τί μου θράσσει φρένας. The tenuis, in the shortened form, changes to aspirate from the influence of the following liquid, as in φροίμιον (προ-οίμιον), φροῦδος (πρό-οδος), φρουρός (πρό-ορος), etc. See Curtius Etymol.5 p. 501. 5

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629. μᾶσσον ὡς : = μᾶσσον ἤ. So in German wie instead of als after com- paratives. Cp. 11. iv. 277 μελάντερον ἠΰτε πίσσα, Xenophanes in Athen. xii. 526 b οὐ μείους ὥσπερ χίλιοι εἰς ἐπίπαν, Dios in Stob. Flor. 65, 16 τούτως γάρ, ὡς ἑνί, μασσότερον οἱ πλεῦνες ὡς θεὼς ἢ θεῶν ἱδρύματα ὑποτρέχοντι καὶ θεραπεύ- οντι, Lys. VII. 12 ἡγούμενος μᾶλλον λέγεσθαι ὥς μοι προσῆκε, VII. 31 ἅπαντα προθυμότερον πεποίηκα ὡς ὑπὸ τῆς πό- λεως ἠναγκαζόμην, Dem. xxv. 53 τοῦ- τον οὐ τιμωρήσεσθε ἀλλὰ καὶ μειζόνων ἀξιώσαντες δωρεῶν ἀφήσετε ὡς τοὺς εὐεργέτας. – προκήδου : contains an allusion to the name Προμηθεύς.

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630. ἐπεὶ προθυμεῖ: cp. 786.

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631. μήπω γε: the relation of Io's adventures, beginning at this point, is in three parts. First comes Io's own narrative, given at request of the chorus; secondly, Prometheus, at Io's request, foretells her future destiny; and thirdly, he describes her previous wanderings, in order to convince her of his knowledge of the future. The second part is further divided into two distinct portions - wanderings in Europe (700-741), and wanderings in Asia and Africa (786-- 818). These are separated by a di- gression, but interest in the continu- ance of the narrative is ensured by 740 f. Thus by variety of motive, and by frequent hints of what is to come, the poet keeps the spectators' attention (see on 283) and gives his material an effective dramatic form.

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632 f. νόσον: cp. 596 and see note on 249. νόσον and τὰς πολυφθόρους τύ xas stand in connexion; "let us hear what fatal misfortunes have brought her to this distressful state."

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634. τὰ λοιπὰ ἄθλων : cp. 780, 684; Soph. Phil. 24 τἀπίλοιπα τῶν λόγων.

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635. ὑπουργῆσαι χάριν: like χαρί- ζεσθαι χάριν. Cp. Eur. Alc. 842 ᾿Αδμήτω ὑπουργῆσαι χάριν, Soph. Frg. 313 ἀνθ- υπουργῆσαι χάριν.