Aeschylus Prometheus Bound 436-525

ed. Arthur Sidgwick

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Prometheus Bound. Aeschylus. ed. Arthur Sidgwick. Oxford. 1902.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by Tufts University.

Current edition First1KGreek

Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (Greek) (Aeschyli Tragoediae. Sidgwick, Arthur, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.)

Editions (6)
Προμηθεὺς δεσμώτης Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 1. Smyth, Herbert Weir, editor. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1922.) — 436-525 focus
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (OCR draft) Experimental (Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης. Guilielmus Dindorfius, 1882.) — 436 focus
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (OCR draft) Experimental (Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης. Gottfried Hermann, 1852.) — 436 focus
ΠΡΟΜΗθΕΥΣ ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ (OCR draft) Experimental (ΠΡΟΜΗθΕΥΣ ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 436 focus
Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης (OCR draft) Experimental (Προμηθεὺς Δεσμώτης. N. Wecklein, 1885.) — 436 focus
μή τοι χλιδῇ δοκεῖτε μηδ' αὐθαδίᾳ
σιγᾶν με· συννοίᾳ δὲ δάπτομαι κέαρ,
ὁρῶν ἐμαυτὸν ὧδε προυσελούμενον.
καίτοι θεοῖσι τοῖς νέοις τούτοις γέρα
455
τίς ἄλλος ἢ 'γὼ παντελῶς διώρισεν;
ἀλλ᾽ αὐτὰ σιγῶ· καὶ γὰρ εἰδυίαισιν ἂν
ὑμῖν λέγοιμι· τὰν βροτοῖς δὲ πήματα
ἀκούσαθ', ὥς σφας νηπίους ὄντας τὸ πρὶν
ἔννους ἔθηκα καὶ φρενῶν ἐπηβόλους.
460
πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμ'· ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν
πλανᾷ, κακὸς δὲ ἰατρὸς ὥς τις ἐς νόσον
πεσὼν ἀθυμεῖς καὶ σεαυτὸν οὐκ ἔχεις
490
εὑρεῖν ὁποίοις φαρμάκοις ἰάσιμος.
μή νυν βροτοὺς μὲν ὠφέλει καιροῦ πέρα,
σαυτοῦ δ᾽ ἀκήδει δυστυχοῦντος· ὡς ἐγὼ
εὔελπίς εἰμι τῶνδέ σ᾽ ἐκ δεσμῶν ἔτι
525
λυθέντα μηδὲν μεῖον ἰσχύσειν Διός.
Aeschyli Prometheus Vinctus (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschyli Prometheus Vinctus. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1914.) — 436 focus
Translations (8)
Prometheus Bound Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 1. Smyth, Herbert Weir, translator. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1922. (Modernized by Perseus.)) — 436-525 focus
Prometheus Bound. (OCR draft) Experimental (Prometheus Bound.. Theodore Alois Buckley, 1849.) — 436 focus
Do not, I pray you, suppose that I am holding my peace from pride or self-will: but by reflection am I gnawed to the heart, seeing myself thus ignominously entreated
. And yet who but myself defined completely the prerogatives for these same new gods? But on these matters I say nothing, for I should speak to you already acquainted with these things. But for the misfortunes that existed among mortals, hear how I made them, that aforetime lived as infants, rational and possessed of intellect
. And I will tell you, having no complaint against mankind, as detailing the kindness of the boons which I bestowed upon them:—they who at first seeing saw in vain, hearing they heard not. But, like to the forms of dreams, for a long time they used to huddle together all things at random, and nought knew they about brick-built
and sun-ward houses, nor carpentry: but they dwelt in the excavated earth like tiny emmets in the sunless depths of caverns. And they had no sure sign either of winter, or of flowery spring, or of fruitful summer: but they used to do every thing without judgment, until indeed I showed to them the risings of the stars and their settings
, hard to be discerned.
And verily I discover for them Numbers, the surpassing all inventions
, the combinations too of letters, and Memory, effective mother-nurse of all arts. I also first bound with yokes beasts submissive to the collars; and in order that with their bodies they might become to mortals substitutes for their severest toils, I brought steeds under ears obedient to the reins
, a glory to pompous luxury. And none other than I invented the canvas-winged chariots of mariners that roam over the ocean. After discovering for mortals such inventions, wretch that I am, I myself have no device whereby I may escape from my present misery.
Thou hast suffered unseemly ills, baulked in thy discretion thou art erring; and like a bad physician, having fallen into a distemper thou art faint-hearted, and, in reference to thyself, thou canst not discover by what manner of medicines thou mayest be cured.
Do not now serve the human race beyond what is profitable, nor disregard thyself in thy distress: since I have good hopes that thou shalt yet be liberated from these shackles, and be not one whit less powerful than Jove.
PROMÉTHÉE ENCHAINÉ (OCR draft) Experimental (PROMÉTHÉE ENCHAINÉ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 436 focus
au courant sacré gémissent leur plainte désolée.
qui le délivrerait lui-même de sa misère présente !
à la fois : tous les arts aux mortels viennent de Prométhée.
Prometheus Chained (OCR draft) Experimental (Prometheus Chained. Robert Potter, 1779.) — 436 focus
It is not pride; deem nobler of me, virgins;
440
It is not pride, that held me ſilent thus;
The thought of theſe harſh chains, that hang me here,
Cuts to my heart.
Yet who, like me, advanc'd
To their high dignity our newrais'd gods?
445
But let me ſpare the tale, to you well known.
The
The ills of man you've heard: I form'd his mind,
And through the cloud of barb'rous ignorance
Diffuſed the beams of knowledge. I will ſpeak,
450
Not taxing them with blame, but my own gifts
Diſplaying, and benevolence to them.
They ſaw indeed, they heard; but what avail'd
Or ſight, or ſenſe of hearing, all things rolling
Like the unreal imagery of dreams,
455
In wild confuſion mix'd? The lightſome wall
Of finer maſonry, the rafter'd roof
They knew not; but, like ants ſtill buried, delv'd q
Deep in the earth, and ſcoop'd their ſunleſs caves.
Unmark'd the ſeaſons chang'd, the biting winter,
460
The flow'r perfumed ſpring, the ripening ſummer
Fertile of fruits. At random all their works,
Till I inſtructed them to mark the ſtars,
Their riſing, and, an harder ſcience yet r
,
Their ſetting. The rich train of marshall'd numbers
465
I taught them, and the meet array of letters,
T' impress these precepts on their hearts I ſent
Memory, the active mother of all wiſdom.
I taught the patient ſteer to bear the yoke,
In all his toils jointlabourer with man.
470
By me the harneſs'd ſteed was train'd to whir
The rapid car, and grace the pride of wealth.
The tall bark, lightly bounding o'er the waves,
I taught its courſe, and wing'd its flying ſail.
To man I gave these arts; with all my wiſdom
475
Yet want I now one art, that uſeful art
To free myſelf from theſe afflicting chains.
Unſeemly are thy ſufferings, ſprung from error
And impotence of mind. And now inclos'd
With all these ills, as ſome unſkilful leach
480
That ſinks beneath his malady, thy ſoul
Deſponds, nor ſeeks medicinal relief.
Let not thy love to man o'erleap the bounds
Of reaſon, nor neglect thy wretched ſtate:
So my fond hope ſuggeſts thou ſhalt be free
From these baſe chains, nor leſs in pow'r than Jove.
Eschilo, Prometeo legato: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli (OCR draft) Experimental (Eschilo, Prometeo legato: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli. Ettore Romagnoli, 1922.) — 436 focus
Non per disdegno o per superbia io taccio,
non lo crediate; ma l'obbrobrio inflittomi
505
veggo, e di conscia doglia il cuor mi struggo.
Pure, i lor pregi a questi nuovi Numi,
chi compartiva, se non io? Niun altri!
Ma di questo non parlo: a voi direi
cose ben note.
510
Ma i cordogli udite
che patiano i mortali, e come io seppi
da stolti ch'eran pria, saggi e signori
della lor mente renderli.
E dirò
515
non per muovere agli uomini alcun biasimo;
ma la benignità mostrare io voglio
dei doni miei.
Ché prima, essi, vedendo
non vedevano, udendo non udivano;
520
e simili alle vane ombre dei sogni,
quanto era lunga la lor vita, a caso
confondevano tutto.
E non sapevano
né case solatie, né laterizi,
525
né lavorare il legno. E a guisa d'agili
formiche, in fondo a spechi dimoravano,
sotterra, senza sole.
E segno alcuno
che distinguesse il verno non avevano,
530
né la fiorita primavera, né
la pomifera estate: ogni loro opera
senza discernimento era, sin che
sperti li resi a consultar le stelle,
e il sorger loro ed i tramonti arcani.
535
E poi rinvenni, a lor vantaggio, il numero,
somma fra le scienze, e le compagini
di lettere, ove la Memoria serbasi,
che madre operatrice è de le Muse.
Sotto i gioghi primo io le fiere avvinsi,
540
obbedïenti ai basti e ai soggóli,
perché ministre a l'uomo succedessero
nei piú duri travagli;
e sotto i cocchi
spinsi i cavalli docili a la briglia,
545
fulgidi fregi al fasto.
E niuno i cocchi
dei marinai prima di me rinvenne,
ch'errano in mare, ch'ali hanno di lino.
Tali arti escogitai, quali scienze.
550
E questa è la piú grande. Ove taluno
cadea nel morbo, niun rimedio v'era,
non pozione, non cibo od unguento;
Dura è la pena tua. Dal primo senno
erri smarrito, e, come un tristo medico
555
preso dal morbo, ti scoraggi, e farmachi
trovar non sai che a te salute rendano.
Per giovare ai mortali oltre misura,
non trascurar la tua disgrazia; ed io
spero che, sciolto un dí da questi lacci,
non minore potenza avrai di Giove.
Aeschylus, Prometheus vinctus: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Prometheus vinctus: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii. Ioannes Sanravius, 1555.) — 436 focus
Neq; mollitia, neq; pertinacia putetis
Me tacere: cogitatione affligor corde,
435
Videns me ipsum hic ligatum,
Et his Dijs novis dona
Aliquis alius quàm ego determinavit omnino.
Sed haec taceo. nam vobis scientibus
Haec dicerem. mortalium verò dolores
440
Audite: cum primò fatui essent,
Passus es acerbum malum, falsus mentis
Errore, tanquam malus medicus in morbum
Incidens desperas, teq; ipsum non potes
Invenire quibus remedijs cures.
Ne nunc mortales iuva plus quàm debes,
Vt te ipsum negligas infœlicem. nam ego
Benè spero, si his vinculis adhuc
Solvaris, nihil minus te posse Iove.
English (E. D. A. Morshead, 1908) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound — Morshead translation. Wikisource transcription; speech corresp and card milestones aligned to Smyth perseus-grc2.) — 436 focus
Deem not that I in pride or wilful scorn
465
Restrain my speech; 'tis wistful memory
That rends my heart, when I behold myself
Abased to wretchedness. To these new gods
I and none other gave their lots of power
In full attainment; no more words hereof
470
I speak—the tale ye know. But listen now
Unto the rede of mortals and their woes,
And how their childish and unreasoning state
Was changed by me to consciousness and thought.
Yet not in blame of mortals will I speak,
475
But as in proof of service wrought to them.
For, in the outset, eyes they had and saw not;
And ears they had but heard not; age on age,
Like unsubstantial shapes in vision seen,
They groped at random in the world of sense,
480
Nor knew to link their building, brick with brick,
Nor how to turn its aspect to the sun,
Nor how to join the beams by carpentry.
In hollowed caves they dwelt, as emmets dwell,
Weak feathers for each blast, in sunless caves.
485
Nor had they certain forecast of the cold,
Nor of the advent of the flowery spring,
Nor of the fruitful summer. All they wrought,
Unreasoning they wrought, till I made clear
The laws of rising stars, and inference dim,
490
More hard to learn, of what their setting showed.
I taught to them withal that art of arts,
The lore of number, and the written word
That giveth sense to sound, the tool wherewith
The gift of memory was wrought in all,
495
And so came art and song. I too was first
To harness 'neath the yoke strong animals,
Obedient made to collar and to weight,
That they might bear whate'er of heaviest toil
Mortals endured before. For chariots too
500
I trained, and docile service of the rein,
Steeds, the delight of wealth and pomp and pride.
I too, none other, for seafarers wrought
Their ocean-roaming canvas-wingèd cars.
Such arts of craft did I, unhappy I,
505
Contrive for mortals: now, no feint I have
Whereby I may elude my present woe.
A rueful doom is thine! distraught of soul,
And all astray, and like some sorry leech
Art thou, repining at thine own disease,
510
Unskilled, unknowing of the needful cure.
Nay, aid not mortal men beyond their due,
550
Holding too light a reckoning of thyself
And of thine own distress: good hope have I
To see thee once again from fetters free
And matched with Zeus in parity of power.
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1854; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylos. Deutsch in den Versmaßen der Urschrift. Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1854. Native Donner line citations, Smyth card correspondence, selected textual readings and metrical facsimiles. Remaining OCR differences and unattributed reading notes are documented in the linked review inventory.) — 436 focus
O wähnet nicht, daß Dünkel oder Eigensinn
435
Mich schweigen heiße; sinnend nagt mein Herz sich wund,
Daß ich zu Schmach mich also muß erniedrigt seh'n.
Gleichwohl die neuen Götter hier - wer sonst, als ich,
Hat alle Würden, alle Macht an sie vertheilt?
Doch will ich davon schweigen; denn ich sagte nur,
440
Was euch bekannt ist: aber was am Menschen ich
Verbrochen, hört, wie dieser, blöden Sinns zuvor,
Durch mich des Geistes mächtig ward, durch mich bewußt.
Ich sag' es nicht, die Menschen einer Schuld zu zeih'n,
Nein, nur die Wohlthat meiner Gabe darzuthun.
445
Sie sah'n mit offnen Augen einst und sahen nicht,
Sie hörten, und vernahmen nicht; des eitlen Traums
Gestalten ähnlich, mengten sie die lange Zeit
Blindwirrend Alles, kannten nicht das sonnige
Wohnhaus, erbaut von Ziegeln, nicht des Zimmrers Kunst:
450
Sie wohnten eingegraben, wie leichtwimmelnde
Ameisen, tief in sonnenloser Höhlen Nacht.
Kein sichres Merkmal hatten sie, wann Winterfrost,
Wann blüthereicher Frühling, wann fruchtspendender
Spätsommer nahte; sonder Sinn und Kunde war
455
Ihr Thun in Allem, bis der Sterne dunkle Bahn
Ich ihnen zeigte, Niedergang und Aufersteh'n.
Der Wissenschaften beste dann, die Zahlenkunst,
Erfand ich ihnen, lehrte sie der Schrift Gebrauch
Und Allerinnrung, jeder Kunst Erweckerin.
460
Der Thiere Nacken spannten wir zuerst in's Joch,
Dem Pflug zu dienen, und damit ich Sterblichen
Der allzugroßen Bürde Wucht erleichterte,
Schirrt' ich das zügelfrohe Rof dem Wagen vor,
Das stolze Bild der überreichen Ueppigkeit.
465
Des Seglers leinbeschwingtes, meerdurchirrendes
Fahrzeug erfand kein Andrer außer mir allein.
So schlaue Künste sann ich Unglückseliger
Den Menschen aus, und selber weiß ich keinen Rath,
Um mich herauszuwinden aus der schweren Noth.
470
Du trägst ein schmachvoll Leiden; alles Rathes bloß,
Schwankst du; dem schlechten Arzte gleich, der selbst erkrankt,
Verzagst du muthlos, und vermagst dir selber nicht
Das Mittel auszufinden, das dich heilen kann.
Du hilf hinfort nicht über Maß den Sterblichen,
Um eigne Leiden unbesorgt! Ich lebe, traun,
Der festen Hoffnung, daß du, frei von dieser Haft,
Nicht minder mächtig schalten wirst als Zeus dereinst.

Notes on the current edition

Prometheus Bound

1. προυσελούμενον Askew: προσηλούμενον ( ε supra scr.) M
2. ὥσφας M
3. προσείλους recc.: προσήλους ( ει supra η scr.) M
4. σοφισμάτων recc.: νοσφισμάτων M, σοφις in margine m 1
5. θ᾽ recc., et in M supra scripsit m 1
6. ἐργάνην Stobaeus, Flor. 71, 1 et nota in rec. adscripta: ἐργάτιν ( τιν in litura m 1) M
7. σάγμασίν Pauw: σώμασιν M
8. γένοινθ᾽ Dawes: γένωνθ᾽ codd.
9. ναυτίλων recc.: ναυτιλόχων M
10. σόφισμ᾽ ὅτῳ recc.: σοφισμάτων ( ὅτω supra scr. m 1) M
11. αἰκὲς Porson: ἀεικὲς codd.
12. οὔτε recc.: οὐδε M
13. σίδηρον recc.: σίδαρον M
14. τε recc.: δὲ M
15. πάντα recc.: ταῦτα M
16. πλὴν recc.: πρὶν M

Commentary

Critical apparatus to Prometheus Bound (OCR draft) (Latin and Greek critical apparatus to Gottfried Hermann's 1852 edition of Prometheus Bound.) focus

436. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-489

οἰκτρόν:
πικρόν
pro
οἰκτρόν
Vit. et pauci alii.

437. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-490

μή τοι:
μήτι
G. Vit. cum paucis codicibus et Ald.
μήτοι
ceteri et Rob.

437. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-491

μηδ':
μηδ'
M. G. Vit. Lips. Aug. et ceteri ut videtur codices.
μήτ'
editiones veteres.

437. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-492

αὐθαδίᾳ:
αὐθαδείᾳ
G.
ἀθυμίᾳ
Vit. Par. C.
αὐθαδίᾳ
supra adscriptum in Vit.

439. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-493

προςσελούμενον:
προσηλούμενον
, super
η
a sec. manu adscripto
ε
, Μ.
προσηλούμενον
G. Par. G. D. F. N. Vind. 3. Cantabr. 1. 2. et pro varia lectione Par. Β.
προσελούμενον
Vit. Lips. Aug. Par. B. Vind. 1. 2. 4. Ald. Rob.
προσσελλούμενον
Ven. 3.
προσσελλούμενον
Turnebus, qui has scripturas adnotavit,
προσηλούμενον
et
προσεούμενον
. Brunckius ex Dawesii sententia in Misc. crit. p. 163.
προςἑλούμενον
. Porsonus, ut antea Askewius voluerat,
προσσελούμενον
, quod plerique receperunt. Ex Kiddii adnotatis ad Dawesii librum p. 295. cognovimus Bentleium, quod in uno codice Stobaei
προηγελοῦμεν
et apud Hesychium
προυγελεῖν
invenerat,
προϋγελούμενον
veram esse lectionem pronuntiasse. Mirae illae et inauditae formae
προυγελεῖν
et
προσελεῖν
qua radice ortae sint, qua analogia defendi possint, qua significationis derivatione commendentur, altum et apud ipsos et apud eorum pedisequos silentium. Solus, quod sciam, Buttmannus perplexam quandam viam in Lexilogi vol. II. p. 159. init, ut adhibita littera Aeolica et
προηγελεῖν
et
προυσελεῖν
tueretur, dirimi litem ratus Creticis
πρείους, πείγιστος, πρεινήϊον, πρειγευτής
ex
πρέσβυς
deflexis. De his Creticis copiose disseruit Valckenarius ad Theocriti Adoniazusas p. 319. seq. At haec non videntur comparari posse cum isto
προηγελεῖν
vel
προυσελεῖν
. Quod verbum etsi, quia rarissimum est, videri potest peregrinum esse, tamen nisi ostendatur et qui Doriensium
προυγελεῖν
usurpaverint et Attici quomodo id in multo magis mirabilem formam
προυσελεῖν
mutaverint, suspecta potius utraque forma, quam altera alteri praeferenda aut alterutra omnino admittenda censeri debet. Invenitur hoc verbum, quod hodie sciamus, apud duas dumtaxat antiquos scriptores, hoc in Aeschyli versu et apud Aristophanem in Ranis v. 730. Ibi haec leguntur,
τῶν πολιτῶν θ᾽ οὓς μὲν ἴσμεν εὐγενεῖς καὶ σώφρονας ἄνδρας ὄντας, καὶ δικαίους, καὶ καλούς τε καγαθούς, καὶ τραφέντας ἐν παλαίστραις καὶ χοροῖς καὶ μουσικῇ, προσελοῦμεν
. Tertium exemplum, in quo recte idem verbum agnovit Lobeckius ad Ai. p. 252. ed. pr. 159. ed. alt. Aeliani est in epistola tertia, sed illud, ut videtur, ex Promethei versu sumptum,
καὶ γὰρ ἂν εἰκότως μοι στενάξαι τὰ τῶν προγόνων ἠρία, εἰ Εὐπειθείδης ὁ Κορυδαλλεὺς ἐμαυτὸν περιοψοίμην προσηλούμενον, καὶ ταῦτα ἀνδραπόδου ἴσως δυεῖν μναῖν ἀξίου
. Videamus nunc de scriptura. Atque apud Aeschylum nullus liber nec
προσσελούμενον
nec
προγελούμενον
praebet. Apud Aristophanem autem liber Ravennas
προυσελοῦμεν
. Ceteri libri, in quibus Venetus est, non minoris ille quam Ravennas auctoritatis,
προσελοῦμεν
, in duobus, quos Dobraeus contulit, alterum
σ
supra scriptum est. Etiam Suidas
προσελοῦμεν
habet. Sed apud Stobaeum XLIII. 28. ubi Aristophanis versus leguntur, codex N. non A. quem Grotius nominat, in quo libro non legitur iste locus, et editio princeps habent
προηγελοῦμεν
. Hesychius
προϋγελεῖν, προπηλακίζειν, ὑβρίζειν
. Sed idem etiam
προσέλει, προπηλακίζει
. Incertum est pertineatne huc quod apud eundem sic scriptum legitur,
προσελα, προύτελα, προτελεῖ
. Tum in Etym. Μ. in v.
προσέληνοι
p. 690, 12.
προυσελλεῖν λέγουσι τὸ ὑβρίζειν. καὶ οἱ Ἀρκάδες, ἐπειδὴ λοιδορητικοί εἰσιν. οὕτως ἐν ὑπομνήματι Προμηθέως δεσμώτου
. Ex eodem fonte haustum est scholion cod. M. ad Aeschyli versum,
ὑβριζόμενον. ὅθεν καὶ Ἀρκάδες προσέληνοι. ὑβρισταὶ γὰρ μέμψιν ἀνθρώπων ἔχων
. Similiter scholia aliorum codicum. Tzetzes ad Lycophr. 482. de Arcadibus
ἢ ὅτι προσέληνοι οἱ ὑβρισταὶ λέγονται. προσελεῖν γὰρ τὸ ὑβρίζειν
. Sic etiam repetens illa Favorinus. Et idem
προσελεῖν τὸ ὑβρίζειν κατὰ Ἀρκάδας· ἐπειδὴ οἱ Ἀρκάδες λοιδορητικοί εἰσιν. Ἀριστοφάνης “ἐν ταῖς παλαίστραις καὶ χοροῖς καὶ μουσικῇ προσελοῦμεν.”
Hinc in Tzetzae Chil. I. 882. et IV. 813. quibus in locis
προσελοῦν
legebatur,
προσελεῖν
restituit Kiesslingius. Viroque loco Tzetzes dicit
τὸ γὰρ ὑβρίζειν προσελεῖν καλεῖται παρ' Ἀρκάσιν
, nisi quod in priore, fortasse per errorem,
παρ' ἑτέροις
legitur. Eadem forma in scholiis Aristophanis, quae hoc verbum Atticis tribuunt. Tam multis testibus
προσελεῖν
, tam paucis
προϋσελεῖν
et
προυγελεῖν
cognitum habemus. Et quis, si hoc verbum
προυγελεῖν
vel
προυσελεῖν
fuisset, a
προσελήνοις
illud repetivisset Arcadibus? Mihi quidem sapientior fuisse videtur Dobraeus, qui in addendis ad Aristophanica p. (124) et
υ
et
υγ
ex illa litterarum forma ortum esse iudicavit, qua in codicibus
σσ
scribi solet. Haec et in forma verbi et in significatione explicanda aptissima est et minimae obscuritatis ratio. Namque ut a
τέλλειν τελεῖν
, sic a
σέλλειν σελεῖν
est deductum.
Σέλλειν
autem, cognatum illud cum
εἴλειν, ἔλλειν
, quod
ὁρμᾶν
significaret, commemoravit Eustathius p. 1041, 29. 32. et ex eo Favorinus in v.
ξυσσέλμοιο νηός
. Videtur id proprie crispantem motum, quo aliquid rotatur, iactatur, vibratur, notasse. Inde
σόλος
, eodem loco memoratus Eustathio, ut a
δικεῖν δίσκος
. Inde
σέλας, σελήνη, σέλμα, Σελλήεις
et aliquot alia nomina. Nisi fallor, pertinet huc etiam
σελλίζειν
. Hesychius
σελλίζεσθαι, ψελλίζεσθαι. τινὲς δέ, σελλίζει, ἀλαζονεύει
. Id verbum grammatici a quodam Sello repetunt, quem vereor ne ipsi finxerint, quoniam Aeschinem quendam ab Aristophane in Vespis v. 325. et 1243.
τὸν Σελλοῦ
et v. 459.
τὸν Σελλαρτίου
appellatum videbant. At non Sellus, sed Aeschines propter vanitatis insolentiam famosus erat: quare istiusmodi feroces iactatores
αἰσχινίζειν
potius quam
σελλίζειν
essent dicti. Hinc colligi posse videtur Aeschinem istum non quod patrem haberet Sellum, sed quod temere gloriosus esset,
τὸν σελλοῦ
, i. e. iactatoris filium, vulgo esse appellatum: quam appellationem propter eandem caussam Aristophanes etiam ad Amynian transtulit, in eadem illum fabula v. 1267.
Ἀμυνίαν τὸν σελλοῦ
vocans. Ac titubant, eoque confirmant suspicionem nostram scholiastae, quos non mirandum est Sellum istum patrem putasse Aeschinis, quia qui illi pater fuerit non est proditum. Scholiastes Aristophanis ad Av. 824. de Aeschine
καὶ οὗτος πένης, θρυπτόμενος καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπὶ πλούτῳ καὶ λέγων ἑαυτὸν πλούσιον. ἦν δὲ Αἰσχίνης Σελλοῦ. ἔλεγον δὲ ἐκ μεταφορᾶς τοὺς τοιούτους σελλούς. καὶ τὸ ἀλαζονεύεσθαι δὲ σελλίζειν
. Qui eadem habet Suidas in
Θεαγένους χρήματα
, apud eum scriptum est
ἦν δὲ Αἰσχίνης σέλλος
. Scholiastes ad Vesp. 1259.
κομήτης ὁ Ἀμυνίας, Προνάπου υἱός. ὁ γὰρ Σέλλος οὐκ ἦν αὐτοῦ πατήρ, ἀλλ᾽ Αἰσχίνου. ἵνα οὖν καὶ τὸν Ἀμυνίαν καὶ τὸν Αἰσχίνην κωμωδήσῃ ὡς πένητας, τοῦτο εἶπεν
· et paullo post
Σέλλου δὲ εἶπεν, ἐπειδὴ πένης Αἰσχίνης ὁ Σέλλου
. Hesychius
σεσσελλίσαι. Φρύνιχος ἐν Κρονίῳ ἄγαμαι Διονύσου στόματος, ὡς στελλίσαι κεκομμένα πολλάκις
. Αἰσχίνης τις ὑπῆρχε Σέλλου καλούμενος, ἀλάζων καὶ ἐν τῷ διαλέγεσθαι καὶ ἐν τῷ προςποιεῖσθαι πλουτεῖν, πενόμενος καθ᾽ ὑπερβολήν, ὡς τοὺς παραπλησίους οὕτω καλεῖσθαι. Corrigendum puto Φρύνιχος ἐν Κρόνῳ
ἄγαμαι, Διονῦ, σοῦ στόματος, ὡς σεσέλλισαι· καὶ κωμικοὶ πολλάκις
. Neque non huc referendum, quod idem Hesychius habet,
σελληγορεῖ, εὐχερείας ἀναφώνημα
. Scribe
εὐχερείας ἀναφωνεῖ
, i. e. temeritates loquitur. Cognatum cum
προςσελεῖν
esse
σίλλος
iam ab aliis observatum est, quod nomen ipsum quoque ab
εἴλλειν
et
ἴλλειν
habet originem, recteque, ut opinor, Valckenarius ad fragmenta Callimachi p. 282. etiam
ἕλλετε
, quod in fr. 292. pro
ἔρρετε
dictum tradidit Eustathius p. 756, 37. non ille tamen Heraclide auctore, ut Hemsterhusius ad fr. 121. ait, ex eadem radice natum suspicabatur. Ex his quae disputavi apparebit cur in Aeschyli versu scripserim
προςσελούμενον
.

440. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-494

καίτοι:
καίτι
Vit.

440. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-495

τοῖς νέοις:
τοῖς νέοις
supra versum scriptum in Lips. omissum in Aug.

441. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-496

διώρισεν:
δι᾽ ὤρισεν
G.

442. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-497

αὐτὰ:
ἀλλ' αὐτῷ
G.

443. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-498

τἄν βροτοῖς:
γρ. τἀμβροτοῖς
Par. B.

443. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-499

πήματα: Pro
πήματα
, quod omnes libri habent, Brunckius
πταίσματα
posuit, quia in Par. Β. minutissimis litteris inter versus scriptum est
πταίσματα ἃ εἶχον προτοῦ, κατ᾽ εἰρωνείαν
. At illud
κατ᾽ εἰρωνείαν
ad
πήματα
spectat,
πταίσματα
autem, quae manifesta interpretatio est, etiam numeros corrumpit. Comparari potest Euripidis hoc in Heracl. 962.
χρὴ γὰρ οὐχ ἅπαξ θνήσκειν σε, πολλὰ πήματ' ἐξειργασμένον
.

444. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-500

ἀκούσαθ':
ἀκούσασθ'
Lips.

444. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-501

ὥς σφας:
ὥσφας
, deleto qui in altera syllaba erat accentu, Μ.
ὡς σφὰς
Lips. Ald. Rob. Turn. et ex correctione primae manus Vit. in quo antea erat
ὡς σφᾶς
, ut inde a Victorio scribitur. Scribendum erat
ὡς σφας
. V. ad Soph. Oed. Col. 486.

445. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-502

ἐπηβόλους:
ἐπηβόλους
M. Vit. Aug.
ἐπιβόλους
G. et ante corr. Lips. Commemoratur
φρενῶν ἐπήβολος
non addito auctoris nomine ab Eustathio p. 625, 37.

450. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-503

ἀλίγκιοι: Margo ed. Ald. apud Morellium
γρ. ἀλίγκιον
. Nullo in libro haec scriptura est, sed fuit in Vit. in quo tamen correcta est.

450. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-504

χρόνον:
χρόνον
Lips. Aug. Ald. Rob.
βίον
adscripto
χρόνον
Vit. Par. B.
βίον
Μ. G. et ceteri.

452. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-505

προςείλους:
προσήλους
G. aliique et Ald. Rob.
προσήλους
, superscripto alteri syllabae
ει
, M. Vit. Lips.
προσείλους
codices nonnulli et Turn. V. Etym. Μ. in
πρόςειλος οἰκία
p. 690, 15. et Olearium ad Philostr. p. 69. ac Dawesium Misc. crit. p. 269.

452. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-506

ἦσαν:
ᾔσαν
Μ.
ἦσαν
G. Aug. aliique.
ἦσαν
, supra scripto
ι
, Lips.
εἶσαν
Vit. a correctore.
σαν
codices nonnulli et edd. vett.
ἦσαν
scribendum esse monuerat Piersonus in addendis ad p. 174. notarum in Moerin.

453. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-507

ἔναιον:
ἔναγον
a pr. manu habuisse videtur M.
ἔνναιον
Aug.

453. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-508

ἀήσυροι:
Ζήσυροι
M. a pr. manu et Turn.
ἀείσυρος
Cantabr. 1.
ἀήσυροι
M. a recentiore manu et ceteri. In Par. A. B.
η
superscriptum. Eustathius p. 1500, 27. de vocabulo
ἁλιαής
disserens,
γίνεται δὲ παρὰ τὴν ἅλα καὶ τὸ ἄω τὸ πνέω· ἐξ οὗ — ἀήτης ἐπὶ ἀνέμου, καὶ ἀήσυρον κατὰ τοὺς παλαιοὺς τὸ κούφον, ὅθεν καὶ “Ζήσυροι μύρμηκες” παρὰ Αἰσχύλῳ
. Idem p. 1547, 20.
ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ῥηθέντος ἄω καὶ ἀήσυρον τὸ κοῦφον· ὅθεν καὶ παρ' Αἰσχύλῳ “μύρμηκες ἀήσυροι.”

455-459. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-509

NA: Versus 455–461. affert Achilles Tatius in Isagoge ad Aratum, versus 455–460. Stobaeus Ecl. phys. I. 2. hic quidem v. 455. servans Aeschyli librorum scripturam; sed apud Achillem Tatium est
οὐκ ἦν γὰρ αὐτοῖς
.

457. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-510

θέρους:
θέρεος
G.

458. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-511

ἔςτε:
ὥστε
Lips.

458. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-512

ἀντολὰς:
ἀνατολὰς
G. Vit.

459. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-513

δύσεις: Libri Aeschyli omnes cum Achille Tatio
δύσεις
, nisi quod in Par. C.
δύσης
est, superscripto
ει
. Sed Stobaeus
ὁδούς
. Et hoc quidem olim in Observationibus criticis p. 18. praeferendum iudicavi, quia occasus siderum neque omnino cur difficiles observatu dicantur, neque cur difficiliores quam ortus, perspici possit, quod contra id recte de meatu eorum praedicetur. Quod Wellauerus conquestus est, constringi sic artioribus vinculis sermonem poeticum, praetereaque antecedens
ἀντολάς
postulare
δύσεις
, per se cadit, quia quae hic facta est distinctio aperte non poeticae dictionis est, sed accuratae demonstrationis, tantumque abest ut propter ortus commemorandi sint occasus, ut quo facilius ortuum appellatio animum ad occasuum cogitationem advertit, eo proclivius fuerit librariis
δύσεις
scribere. Ac valde sibi placere
ὁδούς
Dobraeus quoque, vir non hebetis iudicii, professus est in Aristophanicis p. (54). Sed tamen ne
ὁδούς
quidem satis aptum est, siquidem ortu siderum cognito non admodum difficile erat meatus explorare. Multo magis hic memoranda erat natura et vis ac potestas siderum, quae quod alia in aliis est, recte dicitur difficilis esse ad diiudicandum. Quare
δύσεις
posui, quod apparet quam facile, ortus mentione praegressa, in
δύσεις
potuerit mutari.

460. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-514

σοφισμάτων:
νοσφισμάτων
, non
νοφισμάτων
, M. in cuius margine recentior manus
σοφισ
adscripsit. Commemorat
νοσφισμάτων
scholion, quod non habet M.
γράφεται καὶ νοσφισμάτων. καὶ γάρ τις μέτρον γινώσκων τῶν πραγμάτων αὑτοῦ οὔποτε τοῦ εἰκότος ἐκπέσοι
. Apud Stobaeum Ecl. phys. 1. 2. est
ἀριθμὸν εὑρὼν ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων βίον διώκησ᾽ ὄντα πρὶν πεφυρμένον θηρσίν θ' ὅμοιον· πρῶτα μὲν τὸν πάνσοφον ἀριθμὸν εὕρην ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων
. Quae ad Euripidis Palamedem pertinuisse videntur. Illud mirum est, quod scholiastes Aristidis p. 273. ed. Fromm. p. 702, 30. ed. Dind. ubi haec ipsa Palamedis verba in mente habuit Aristides, adnotavit,
τοῦτο ἐν Αἰσχύλῳ Προμηθεὺς λέγει περὶ τοῦ ἀνθρωπείου γένους
. In florilegio Stobaei LXXXI. 1. afferuntur versus 460-462.

461. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-515

τε:
πρῶτος
apud Stobaeum, et sic Porsonus scribi iubebat.

461. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-516

συνθέσεις:
γραμμάτων δὲ σύνθεσιν
apud Stobaeum legitur.
γραμμάτων συνθέσεις
G.
γραμμάτων τε συνθέσεις
ceteri libri Aeschyli omnes, et
συνθέσεις
etiam Stobaei codex A.

461. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-517

NA: Adnotatio ΩΣ et ΟΥΣiou in Crameri Anecd. Ox. IV. p. 318, 19.
Αἰσχύλος δὲ Προμηθέα φησὶν εἰρηκέναι ταῦτα
.

462. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-518

μνήμην ἁπάντων μουσομήτορ' ἐργάνην:
μνήμην ἁπάντων
Μ.
θ
supra addito post primam vocem a recentiore manu.
μνήμην ἁπάντων
etiam Stobaeus.
μνήμην τ᾽ ἁπάντων
Aug. Ceteri libri omnes
μνήμην θ᾽ ἁπάντων
. Tum
μουσομητὸς
apud Stobaeum est. Denique
ἐργάνην
M. a pr. manu, quae quas amplius litteras addiderat, iis deletis manus admodum recens
ἐργάτιν
scripsit.
ἐργάτιν
Par. B. in quo additum
γρ. μουσομήτορος ἐργάτην
, Bess. et edd. vett.
ἐργάτην
Vit. Lips. Aug. aliique.
ἐργάνῃ
praebuit Stobaeus. Brunckius secutus est Hemsterhusium, qui ad Lucianum vol. I. p. 88. sic scribendum censuit,
γραμμάτων τε σύνθεσιν, μνήμης ἁπάντων μουσομήτορ' ἐργάνην
. Recepit
ἐργάνην
Blomfieldius, ut lectionem antiquam, servans ille
μνήμην θ'
, id quod fecerunt etiam quum alii, tum Wellauerus, argutias esse dicens, quibus ea scriptura damnetur. Id ille temere iudicavit. Nam artem memoriae si a Prometheo inventam dixisset Aeschylus, quae ab aequali eius Simonide inventa fertur, aut propter tempora stolidissime confusa ridiculus, aut ineptus propter commemorationem inventi, quod non disciplina aliqua doctrinave contineri, sed naturae beneficio tribui hominibus videretur, ab iis qui hoc iactantem Prometheum audirent esset iudicatus. Hemsterhusii elegantissima est coniectura et profecto optima, nisi quod non opus erat
σύνθεσιν
adsumere,
μνήμης ἁπάντων μουσομήτορ' ἐργάνην
. Nam etsi servari posset
μνήμην
, si sic interpungeretur,
μνήμην ἁπάντων, μουσομήτορ' ἐργάνην
, quod olim defendi in Obs. crit. p. 19. tamen multo aptius et commodius cum aperto genitivo coniungitur
ἐργάνην
, quam si
Μουσῶν
ex
μουσομήτορα
esset intelligendum. Sic etiam Euripides Androm. v. 1014. (987.)
τίνος οὕνεκ' ἄτιμον ὀργάναν χέρα τεκτοσύνας Ἐνυαλίῳ δοριμήστορι προςθέντες τάλαιναν, τάλαιναν μεθεῖτε Τροίαν
. Apertum est autem
ἐργάνην
propterea adsciscendum esse, quia
ἐργάτιν
, in quo personae notatio est, non apte declarando plurali
συνθέσεις
adhiberetur. Nam
ἐργάτης
effectrix est,
ἐργάνη
autem proprie effectionem significat. Apposite comparavit Schützius Livii verba in principio libri sexti,
et rarae per eadem tempora litterae fuere, una custodia fidelis memoriae rerum gestarum
. Eodem modo Euripides in Palamede apud Stobaeum LXXXI. 7. litteras
λύπης φάρμακα
appellavit, imitatus ille Aeschylum.

463. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-519

πρῶτος:
πρώτων
, superscriptis
ος
et
ως
a pr. manu, Vit.
πρώτως
G.

463. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-520

κνώδαλα:
κνώδ
Μ. deletis reliquis litteris, quas recentior manus supplevit.

464. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-521

ζεύγλαισι:
ζεύγλαισι
M. G. et superscripto
η
Vit.
ζεύγλησι
Lips.
Ζεύγλην
alii curvaturam iugi, alii partem eam cui collum iumenti immittitur, vel, quod idem est, lora, quae subiugia ab Latinis vocantur, esse tradunt. Hoc significatu hic dixit Aeschylus et ante eum Homerus Il. XIX. 405.
πᾶσα δὲ χαίτη ζεύγλης ἐξεριποῦσα παρὰ ζυγὸν οἶδας ἵκανεν
. V. scholiastas Homeri et Schefferum de re vehiculari p. 116. seqq. In Etym. M. p. 499. alia commemoratur significatio,
τὸ τοῦ τραχήλου μέρος, καθ᾽ ὃ ὁ ζυγός
.

464. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-522

σώμασίν θ':
σώμασίν θ'
Μ. et pauci alii. Ceteri
σώμασί θ'
. Haec vox iam scholiastis molestiam creavit, qui eam vel ad
δουλεύοντα
referri, ut
ἐπισάττεσθαι
iumenta et
φόρτους ἐπάνω τῶν σωμάτων αἴρειν σκευοφοροῦντα
dicerentur, vel construi cum sequentibus verbis voluerunt hoc modo,
καὶ ὑφ᾽ ἅρματ᾽ ἤγαγον φιληνίους ἵππους, ὅπως ἐν τοῖς σώμασι γένωνται διάδοχοι μεγίστων μοχθημάτων τοῖς θνητοῖς
, quam interpretationem meliorem esse censuerunt. Sic interpunctum in M. a sec. manu et in Vit. atque in editione Garbitii, admiseruntque hanc satis duram constructionem Porsonus eumque secuti recentiores. In Vit. ad
σώμασί θ' ὅπως
superscriptum
ἡνίαις οἱ ἄνθρωποι
. Tan. Faber in epistola 67. partis l. scribendum putabat
σήμασιν
, quo signa virgae motu aliove modo iumentis data intelligerentur. Brunckius insigni audacia
κέντροισιν
posuit. Pauwi
σάγμασιν
in minore editione recepit Schutzius. Fefellit interpretes quod
ζεύγλαισι
et
σώμασιν
ablativorum potestate dicta putarunt, nec viderunt
σώμασιν
non de iumentorum, sed de sessorum qui iumentis inequitant corporibus esse accipiendum. Id ostendunt usitata in hac re verba
σωματηγός
εἰ
σωματηγεῖν
. Eustathius p. 1625, 40. de Aristophane grammatico,
ἀστράβαι δέ, φησίν, οἱ καταμόνας σωματηγοῦντες ἡμίονοι
. Hesychius in v.
ἀστράβη, οἳ δὲ κατὰ τὸ πλεῖστον μὲν τὴν σωματηγὸν ἡμίονον οὕτως ἔλεγον· ἐνίοτε δὲ πάντα ἁπλῶς τὸ σωματηγοῦντα ὑποζύγια
. Εtym. Μ. p. 159, 54.
οἳ δὲ τὴν σωματηγὸν ἡμίονον ἀστράβην λέγουσιν
. Eadem verba in eodem vocabulo habet Suidas.

465. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-523

διάδοχοι:
διάδοχον
M. a pr. manu.

466. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-524

γένοινθ':
γένωντ'
Ven. 1. Bess.
γένωνται
Vind. 1. 3.
γένοινθ'
Μ. G. Vit. Lips. Aug. et ceteri libri. Emendavit Dawesius in Misc. crit. p. 268 (481. ed. Kidd.).

466. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-525

ὑφ᾽ ἅρμα τ': Libri
ὑφ᾽ ἅρματ'
, praeter Aug. qui
ὑφ᾽ ἅρμα τ'
habet. Sic Turn. et Grotius in Excerptis p. 9. eodemque modo Dawesius quoque et Tyrwhittus emendarunt.

468. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-526

θαλασσόπλαγκτα:
θαλασσόπλακτα
Vit. Lips. et a pr. manu M.

469. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-527

ναυτίλων ὀχήματα:
ναυτιλόχων ὀχήματα
Μ.

470. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-528

ἐξευρὼν:
ἐξεῦρον
Lips. Aug. Ven. 1. Par. E. Bess. Vind. 2. 4. Rob.

471. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-529

βροτοῖσιν, αὐτὸς:
βροτοῖσιν αὐτὸς δ᾽ οὐκ
Lips. Aug. Par. B. Bess. Vind. 4. In Par. Β.
γρ. αὐτὸς οὐκ
adscriptum.
βροτοῖς αὐτὸς δ᾽ οὐκ
Rob.

471. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-530

σόφισμ᾽:
σοφισμάτων
Μ. superscripto a recentiore manu
ὅτω
.

473. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-531

αἰκὲς: Libri
ἀεικές
. Porsonus
αἰκές
. Restitutum hodie est
αἰκῶς
apud Sophoclem in El. 102. 216.
αἰκεῖς
ibidem v. 206.
αἰκέλιος
apud Theognidem v. 1344. et Euripidem in Androm. 131. atque in epigrammate appendicis Anthologiae Palatinae p. 791. Schol. Homeri ad Il. ΧΧΙΙ. 336.
ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰκέως, ὃ δηλοῖ τὸ αἰκιστικῶς, γίνεται αἰκῶς καὶ αἰκῶς. οἳ μὲν δισυλλάβως αὐτὸ προφέρονται, οἳ δὲ συνεστάλθαι φασί. περισπᾶται δέ. ἔστι γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ ἀἰκέως πεπονθός, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ αἰκιστικῶς καὶ χαλεπῶς
. Grammaticus in Bekkeri Anecd. p. 360, 26.
αἰκῶς, χαλεπῶς, δισυλλάβως, ἀπὸ τῆς αἰκίας. οὕτω Πλάτων
.

474-475. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-532

πλανᾷ, κακὸς δ' ἰατρὸς ὥς τις ἐς νόσον πεσὼν * κακοῖς* ἀθυμεῖς:
πλανᾷ
(πλανᾶι Μ.)
κακὸς δὲ ἰατρὸς ὥς τις ἐς νόσον πεσὼν ἀθυμεῖς
Μ. G. Vit. Lips. Aug. Ven. 3. Vind. 1. 2. 4. Rob.
πλάνα
Bess. Turn.
πλάνα
Ald.
πλάνη
Par. Β. D. Cantabr. 2. et a sec. manu Vind. 2. In Lips. superscriptum
γρ. πλάνῃ
. In Par. B. adnotata et
πλάνα
et
πλανᾷ
. Brunckius
πλάνῃ
recepit, ut iungerentur
πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμ' ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν πλάνῃ
. Scholiastae et
πλάνα
et
πλανᾷ
memorant, hoc posterius si scribatur, construi volentes
πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμα· ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν πλανᾷ
. Id admiserunt Porsonus alique. Aliam viam ingressus Reisigio auctore in comm. crit. ad Oed. Col. p. 366. Wellauerus interpunxit
πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμ', ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν· πλανᾷ, κακὸς δ᾽ ἰατρὸς ὡς τις etc
. Eo modo quum se tollere vitium putabat Reisigius, satis esse existimans, si
φρενῶν
finiret sententiam, removit vitium quod nullum erat, intulit autem pro eo tria non levia, inutile verbum
πλανᾷ
, inconcinnam dictionem, non aptam sententiam. Nec potest comparari Euripidis versus in Bacchis 359. quem sic interpungi iubet,
μέμηνας ἤδη καὶ πρίν· ἐξέστης φρενῶν
. At haec sententia absurda est. Hoc ibi dicit Tiresias, insanis etiam prius quam correptus es insania. Apud Aeschylum illa pessima ratio est, interpungi
πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμ᾽· ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν πλανᾷ
. Nam sic harum sententiarum posterior explicatio esset prioris, eaque prior reprehensionem contineret Promethei eamque verbis enuntiatam gravissimis. Id vero et a moribus chori alienissimum est, neque convenit cum iis, quae Prometheus modo dixerat. Melior Brunckii ratio est. Sed videtur tamen
πλάνῃ
vel
πλανᾷ
integrandis versibus additum esse. Scripsisse Aeschylum puto
πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμ᾽ ἀποσφαλεὶς φρενῶν, κακὸς δὲ ἰατρὸς ὥς τις ἐς νόσον πεσὼν κακοῖς ἀθυμεῖς
.

475. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-533

ὥς τις:
ὅστις
G. Lips. Cantabr. 1. 2. Ven. 1. Bess. Ald. Rob.
ὥστις
Μ. Vit. (non ὥστε) atque ita Turn.

476. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-534

ἰάσιμος:
ἰάσημος
G.
ἰάσιμον
Colb. 2. Bess. Ald. In Vit. a prima manu correctio facta, sed dignosci non potest
σ
in
μ
, an
μ
in
σ
sit mutatum.

477. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-535

μου:
μοί
G. Vit. aliique codices. In G. Vit.
μου
explicandi caussa superscriptum est.
μου
Lips. Aug.
μοῦ
M. aliique et editiones.

477. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-536

θαυμάσει:
θαυμάσῃ
libri praeter Ven. 3. Turn. qui habent
θαυμάσῃς
, quod superscriptum in Par. A. B.

478. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-537

οἷας:
i
superest a prima manu in M. Recentiores duae manus fecerunt una
οἵας
, altera
οἱᾶς
.

478. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-538

πόρους:
πόρους
M. Vit. aliique et Rob.
δόλους
G. Lips. Aug. aliique et Ald. Turn.
δόλους
ad
τέχνας
adscriptum fuisse credibile est. Hesychius
τέχνη, ἐπιστήμη ἢ δόλος
.

479. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-539

ἐς:
ἐς
Lips. Par. A. B. aliique.
εἰς
M. G. Vit.

480. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-540

οὔτε:
οὐδὲ
M.
οὐδὲ
G. Lips. edd. vett. Recte Brunckius cum Par. A. B. Arund. Cantabr. 2.
οὔτε
.

481. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-541

οὐ χριστόν:
οὐ χριστὸν
a pr. manu habuisse videtur M.
οὐδὲ χριστὸν
G.

481. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-542

οὐδὲ πιστόν:
οὐ πιστὸν
Lips. Aug. Colb. 1. Cantabr. 2. sed in Lips.
δὲ
superscriptum.
οὐ πιότατον
Vit. Par. B. C.
οὐδὲ πιστὸν
M. G. et pro varia lectione Par. B. atque sic edd. vett. Quater
πιστὰ φάρμακα
ex Aeschylo commemoravit Eustathius, p. 464, 37. 1050, 49. 1193, 22. 1554, 45: tum scholia in Iliadem in Crameri Anecd. Par. III. 200, 13. 283, 1.

482. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-543

χρείᾳ:
χρείαν
G.

482. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-544

κατεσκέλλοντο:
κατεσκέλοντο
Lips.

482. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-545

πρίν:
πρίν
M. G. Vit. aliique et Rob.
πρὶν
Par. A. B. Ald. Turn.

482. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-546

σφισιν:
σφισιν
Μ.
σφίσι
Lips. Ceteri
σφίσιν
.

483. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-547

ἠπίων:
ἡπιῶν
Lips.

483. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-548

ἀκεσμάτων:
χερασμάτων
diversa lectio in Par. B. et in margine Aldinae apud Morellium.

484. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-549

ἐξαμύνονται:
ἀμείβονται
G. Bess. Ald. et pro varia lectione in Par. B. in quo ad
αἷς
adscriptum
γρ. αἷς
.

485. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-550

τρόπους δὲ:
τρόπους τε
Μ.

485. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-551

ἐστοίχισα:
ἐστοίχησα
G.

488. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-552

τε:
τε
omittit Vit.

489. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-553

γαμψωνύχων:
γαμψονύχων
G.

490. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-554

τε:
τε
omittunt G. Bess. Ald. Rob. non Vit. ut ait Blomfieldius.

491. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-555

εὐωνύμους τε:
εὐώνυμοί τε
G. Rob. Exquisitiorem scripturam
εὐωνύμους τε
praebent M. Vit. Lips. multique alii et Ald.

493. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-556

στέργηθρα:
στέργη θρα
(non στέργητρα), erasa post
η
littera et
e
post
θ
a sec. manu addito, M.
στέργητρα
Colb. 2. Par. N.

493. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-557

συνεδρίαι:
συνεδρίαι
, litteris
δρ
a sec. manu in litura scriptis, M.
συνοδίαι
G.

494. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-558

λειότητα:
τε λειότητα
coniunctim M. Lips. sed in M. secunda manus divisit.

494. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-559

χροιὰν:
χροίαν
G.

495. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-560

δαίμοσιν:
δαίμοσι
M. G. Vit. Lips. Aug. edd. vett. Emendate Grotius in Excerptis p. 11. Post hunc versum credo unum excidisse. Nam non solum copula deest, sed etiam fellis color et forma res alienae sunt. Nihil enim, quod sciam, nisi ruptura fellis spectabatur, de qua Sophocles in Antigona v. 1009.
μετάρσιοι χολαὶ διεσπείροντο
.

498. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-561

κνίσῃ τε:
κνίσῃ τε
Μ. G.
κνήσσῃ
Par. G. Ceteri
κνίσσῃ τε
. Attigit hunc quoque locum I. H. Vossius in famosa illa de ossibus disputatione, in qua Heynium adortus in Epistolis mythologicis 38-40. sive secundae editionis ep. 76-78. demonstrare conatus est sola ossa femorum adipe tecta diis esse oblata, qui mos Hesiodo teste a celebrato illo Promethei dolo originem duxerit, eaque ossa
μηρία
et
μῆρα
ab Homero, non
μηροὺς
appellari. Aperuit Vossii errores Schneiderus in Lexico in v.
μηρίον
, cui assensus est censor Iliadis ab Heynio editae in Bibliotheca Germanica vol. XCIV. part. 1. p. 27. seq. quae censura separatim deinde edita est Berolini et Stettini a. 1805. in eandemque sententiam disputavit Nitzschius in commentariis ad Od. III. 456. Verissime Schneiderus. Iuvabit tamen de vocabulis istis omnique illa Vossii opinione paullo dicere explicatius. Ac
μηρίον
quidem proprie est os femoris,
μηρός
autem totum femur, i. e. os una cum carne qua est circumdatum. Sic etiam in hoc Herodoti III. 103.
κάμηλος ἐν τοῖσι ὀπισθίοισι σκέλεσι ἔχει τέσσερας μηροὺς καὶ γόνατα τέσσερα
. Nimirum in quoque pede duo femora duoque genua numerat. Coxendix enim cameli longior quam equi est, in quo ossa non pauciora nec femora quam in camelo sunt, sed non ut separatum femur conspicua coxendix.
Μηροί
autem pluralem habent etiam neutrius generis
μῆρα
, significatione congruentem cum vocabulo
μηρία
. Itaque obtinuit, ut, quum haec tria nomina in sacris promiscue de femore victimae usurparentur, non dicerentur
μηρία
et
μῆρα
de vivis sive hominibus sive aliis animantibus, sed
μηροί
. Legitur quidem in carmine quod inter Theocritea est XXV. v. 269. de Hercule leonem Nemeaeum sufflocante
πλευρῇσί τε μῆρ᾽ ἐφύλασσον
. Quae verba non mirum est explicata esse ineptissime, quia omni sensu carent. Egregie quid requireretur perspexit Briggsius,
μηροισί τε πλεύρ' ἐφύλασσον
. Apud Bionem in lamentatione Adonidis v. 84. ubi unus Amorum
μηρία λούειν
Adonidis dicitur, vereor ne scribendum sit
ὃ δὲ μηρὸν λούει
. Sed etsi et
μηρία
et
μῆρα
proprie nihil nisi ossa significant, tamen non est ab usu horum vocabulorum carnium notatio exclusa, in quam rem non ambiguum documentum Schneiderus attulit illud quod refert Athenaeus IV. p. 154. B. ex Posidonio,
τὸ δὲ παλαιόν φησιν ὅτι παρατεθέντων κωλήνων τὸ μηρίον ὁ κράτιστος ἐλάμβανεν, εἰ δέ τις ἕτερος ἀντιποιήσαιτο, συνίσταντο μονομαχήσοντες μέχρι θανάτου
. Quo loco usus est Eustathius p. 1606, 13. ut ostenderet
ὅτι οὐ νῶτα μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ μῆρα ἦν περισπούδαστα
. Quod si, ut Schneiderus docuit, non solum Homerus in sacris promiscue
μηρία, μῆρα, μηρούς
dicit, sed etiam apud alios scriptores
μηροί
diis sacrificari perhibentur, ut apud Sophoclem Ant. 1011. et saepius apud Pausaniam, veluti I. 24, 2. II. 10, 1. 5. 11, 7. V. 13, 8. 9. apertum est aut
μηροὶ
non proprie dici, si sola sunt ossa intelligenda, aut
μηρία
non proprium significatum retinere, si, quemadmodum apud Posidonium, os cum sua carne eo vocabulo comprehenditur. Tradunt enim grammatici
μηρία
esse
τὰ μηριαῖα ὀστᾶ
, ut Εtym. Μ. p. 585, 22. Quod Apollonius in lexico Homerico dicit,
μηρία, οὐχ ὡς ἡμεῖς, ἀλλὰ τὰ ἐκ τῶν μηρῶν ἐξαιρούμενα καὶ ἱεροθυτούμενα ὀστᾶ
(omnino enim
ὀστᾶ
ex Hesychio addendum), non indigere arbitror correctione quam Vossius p. 373. fecit, pro
οὐχ ὡς ἡμεῖς
scribi volens
οὐχ οἱ μηροί
, sed hoc dicere puto lexicographum, non usurpare Homerum eam vocem sic uti vulgo
μηρίον
bestiae mactatae os cum carne sua dicatur. Paullo aliter distinguit scholiastes Dionysii Thracis in Bekkeri Anecd. p. 856, 11.
καὶ τὸ μηρίον διάφορον· μηρία γὰρ τὰ ἐναγιζόμενα τοῖς θεοῖς, μηροὶ δὲ τὰ μὴ οὕτως ἔχοντα
. Εt Etym. Μ. p. 585, 43.
διαφέρει γὰρ τὸ ἀρσενικὸν τοῦ οὐδετέρου, ὅτι τὸ μὲν ἀρσενικὸν ὁ ποιητὴς τίθησι καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἁγιαζομένων, ὡς τὸ “μηροὺς ἐξέταμον,” καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀνθρωπείων, “μιάνθην αἵματι μηροί,” τὸ δὲ οὐδέτερον ἐπὶ τῶν ἁγιαζομένων, ὡς τὸ “αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατὰ μῆρ' ἐκάη”
Ex his efficitur, nomina ista nihil ad rem facere, neque ex iis quidquam aut de nudis ossibus, aut de lumbis cum ipsa carne combustis posse colligi. At diserte testari putatur Hesiodus sola diis ossa esse oblata. Nam is quum in Theogonia v. 538. de Prometheo dixisset
τῷ μὲν γὰρ σάρκας τε καὶ ἔγκατα πίονι δημῷ ἐν ῥινῷ κατέθηκε, καλύψας γαστρὶ βοείῃ· τῷ δ᾽ αὖτ᾽ ὀστέα λευκὰ βοὸς δολίῃ ἐπὶ τέχνῃ εὐθετίσας κατέθηκε, καλύψας ἀργέτι δημῷ·
mox v. 556. addit
ἐκ τοῦ δ᾽ ἀθανάτοισιν ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλ᾽ ἀνθρώπων καίουσ᾽ ὀστέα λευκὰ θυηέντων ἐπὶ βωμῶν
. Dicatne hic id quod voluit Vossius an non dicat, aliunde certe quam ex eo colligi debet, quod
ὀστέα λευκά
appellat. Est enim illud perpetuum epitheton, quo utuntur poetae etiam ubi non potest de nudis ossibus cogitari, ut Il. XVI. 346.
τὸ δ᾽ ἀντικρὺ δόρυ χάλκεον ἐξεπέρησεν νέρθεν ὑπ' ἐγκεφάλοιο· κέασσε δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ὀστέα λευκά
. Od. XI. 219.
ἀλλὰ τὰ μέν τε πυρὸς κρατερὸν μένος αἰθομένοιο δαμνᾷ, ἐπεί κεν πρῶτα λίπῃ λεύκ᾽ ὀστέα θυμός
. At, etiamsi epitheton eripuimus, res ipsa quam narrat Hesiodus ita pro Vossii opinione pugnare videtur, ut censor ille in Bibliotheca Germanica, quoniam Meconae illud Promethei sacrificium perhibetur factum esse, ritum illius loci proprium describi, non morem commemorari communem universae Graeciae existimaret. Id vero non credo eum cuiquam persuasisse: aperte enim obstat quod
ἐπὶ χθονὶ φῦλ᾽ ἀνθρώπων
ossa diis sacrificare poeta dicit. Et tamen, ut rectissime monet Nitzschius, non est credibile diis, quos hominum simillimos esse antiquitas credebat, ea esse oblata quae nemo convivis suis ad epulandum apponeret. Poterit, nisi fallor, hic nodus interpretando solvi. Nam tota haec de Promethei doloso sacrificio fabula eo videtur consilio excogitata esse, ut ostenderetur, cur institutum esset osseas potissimum partes hostiarum, lumbos et coxendicem, diis consecrare. Quum enim qui sacrificabant ipsi quoque partem hostiae et maximam quidem vindicarent, diis dabant ea quae instar aliquod essent totius victimae, ideoque componerentur ex ossibus, carne, adipe, visceribus. Ossa igitur ea principalem locum tenebant, quae et ipsa essent validissima ac fortissima et plurimam optimamque carnem haberent. Ea ex corpore victimae exsecabant: id enim significari, quum
μηροί
νel
μηρία ἐκτέμνεσθαι
dicuntur, perspexit Nitzschius. Veri igitur simillimum est coxendicem cum carne adhaerente esse combustam. Idque colligi posse videtur ex his Eustathii, haud dubie bonos auctores secuti, p. 134, 25.
ἔκαιον δὲ “δίπτυχα ποιοῦντες,” ἤγουν δίπλωμα τῇ πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐπιθέσει τῶν μηρῶν, ἢ μάλιστα διπλοῦντες ἐν αὐτοῖς τὴν κνῖσαν. ἦν γὰρ σπουδὴ ὁλοκαυτωθῆναι τοὺς μηροὺς λαμπρῷ καταφλεχθέντας πυρί, ὡς εἴγε μὴ τοῦτο ἀπέβαινεν, ἀπαίσιον ἦν τοῖς Ἕλλησι τὸ γινόμενον, καὶ οὐκ ἐδόκουν καλλιερεῖν, ὁπηνίκα κατὰ τὴν τραγῳδίαν οἱ “μηροὶ καταρρυεῖς καλυπτῆς ἐξέκειντο πιμελῆς.” καὶ οὕτω μὲν τοὺς μηροὺς ὡς τι τίμιον ὡλοκαύτουν, ἐξαιροῦντες ἀπὸ τῶν ἄλλων τοῦ ζώου μερῶν, διὰ τὸ συντελεῖν τοῖς ζῴοις εἰς βάδισιν τε καὶ εἰς γένεσιν τῇ προέσει τοῦ σπέρματος. τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν τοῦ ζώου μελῶν μικρά τινα ἐκτέμνοντες, οἷόν τινας ἀπαρχὰς τοῦ ὅλου ζώου, ἐπετίθουν αὐτὰ τοῖς διπτύχοις, καὶ αὐτὸ ὠμοθετεῖν ἐκάλουν, τὸ τοῖς μηροῖς ὠμὰ πάντοθεν ἀκρωτηριάζοντας κρεάτων ἐπιτιθέναι τμήματα, ὡς δοκεῖν, κατὰ τοὺς παλαιούς, ὅλα οὕτω τὰ μέρη τοῦ ἱερείου καρποῦσθαι
. Comparari cum his potest scholiastes Ambrosianus ad Od. III. 470.
καλῶς ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν μερῶν τοῦ ζώου κόπτοντες ἐκάλυπτον τὰ κεκομμένα ἐν πιμελαῖς, μιᾶς κειμένης ἄνωθεν, ἄλλης δὲ κάτωθεν· ἃ καὶ δίπτυχα ὠνόμασαν· καὶ ἔθυον αὐτά, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἦν ὅλον παντελῶς θύειν διὰ τὸ καὶ αὐτοὺς μέλλειν εὐωχεῖσθαι ἐκ τοῦ θυομένου. ἔκοπτον γοῦν ἐξ ὅλων τῶν μερῶν, ἵνα δοκῇ τὸ ὅλον θύεσθαι καὶ μὴ νομίζηται ἡ θυσία κολοβή
. Adde schol. ad Euripidis Phoen. 1256. ed. Matth. et Photium in v.
μασχαλίσματα
. Pausanias II. 10, 1. Herculem ab Sicyoniis partim ut deum, partim ut heroem coli narrans,
καὶ νῦν ἔτι, inquit, ἄρνα οἱ Σικυώνιοι σφάξαντες καὶ τοὺς μηροὺς ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ καύσαντες τὰ μὲν ἐσθίουσιν ὡς ἀπὸ ἱερείου, τὰ δὲ ὡς ἥρων τῶν χρεῶν ἐναγίζουσιν
. Apertum est autem, quum exciduntur femina, id et liberalius fieri posse et illiberalius. Nec mirandum, si sacerdotes, cui hominum generi quotidiano usu vilescere solet sacrorum religio, optimas carnium partes sibi servare didicerunt. Praeterea, ut Athenaeus dicit VIII. p. 364. Ε.
καὶ θύοντες μὲν τοῖς θεοῖς, ὀλίγιστα εἰς τὰς θυσίας καὶ τὰ τυχόντα δαπανῶμεν
, testem adhibens Menandrum in
Μέθῃ
, cuius versus tractavi in Opusc. IV. p. 385. seqq. Alia in hanc sententiam attulit Dobraeus ad Aristophanis Plutum v. 1115. Quod si quorum in hoc genere avaritia et illiberalitas a comicis perstringitur, quis non videt eos rem vehementer exaggerare? Vt Pherecrates in
Αὐτομόλοις
apud Clementem Alex. Strom. VII. p. 846. cuius laceri versus sic integrandi esse videntur,
ὅτε τοῖσι θεοῖς θύετε, πρώτιστ᾽ ἀποκρίνετε *τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν* τὸ νομιζόμενον· *κἄπειθ᾽* ὑμῖν (αἰσχύνη τοι τὸ κατειπεῖν) οὐ τὼ μηρὼ περιλέψαντες μέχρι βουβώνων *κρέα πάντα* καὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψιλήν, λοιπὸν τὸν σπόνδυλον αὐτὸν ὥςπερ *οἴνῃ* ῥινήσαντες νέμεθ᾽ ὡςπερ τοῖς κυσὶν ἡμῖν· εἶτ᾽ ἀλλήλους αἰσχυνόμενοι θυλήμασι κρύπτετε πολλοῖς;
Eubuli autem versus in Semele, quos eodem loco affert Clemens, ita scribendi sunt,
πρῶτον μέν, ὅταν ἐμοί τι θύωσίν τινες, θύουσιν αἷμα, κύστιν· οὐ μὴ καρδίαν, μηδ᾽ ἐπιπόλαιον. οὐκ ἐγὼ γὰρ ἐσθίω γλύκιον οὐδὲν μηρίων;
Menander
Δυσκόλῳ
οἱ δὲ τὴν ὀσφὺν ἄκραν καὶ τὴν χολὴν ὀστᾶ τ᾽ ἄβρωτα τοῖς θεοῖς ἐπιθέντες, αὐτοὶ τἄλλα καταπίνουσ' ἀεί
. Incertus poeta apud Clementem VIII. Strom. p. 719. (851.) et Porphyrium de abstinentia II. p. 207. et Cyrillum contra Iulianum IX. p. 306.
τίς ὧδε μῶρος καὶ λίαν ἀνειμένως εὔπιστος ἀνδρῶν, ὅςτις ἐλπίζει θεοὺς ὀστῶν ἀσάρκων καὶ χολῆς πυρουμένης, ἃ καὶ κυσὶν πεινῶσιν οὐχὶ βρώσιμα, χαίρειν ἀπαρχῇ καὶ γέρας λαχεῖν τόδε;
Hermippus apud scholiastam Aristophanis ad Aves v. 1406.
ἀνάπηρά σοι θύουσιν ἤδη βοίδια, Λεωτροφίδου λεπτότερα καὶ Θουμάντιδος
. Haec omnia tantum abest ut ostendant sola ossa diis sacrificata esse, ut prodant carnis plus quam fas esset resectum esse ab iis qui eam ipsi comedere malebant. Neque, opinor, si nihil nisi ossa accepissent dii, quereretur apud Aristophanem in Pluto v. 1129. esuriens Mercurius
οἴμοι δὲ κωλῆς ἧς ἐγὼ κατήσθιον
, nec diceret mox v. 1137.
εἴ μοι πορίσας ἄρτον τίν' εὖ πεπεμμένον δοίης καταφαγεῖν καὶ κρέας νεανικὸν ὧν θύεθ᾽ ὑμεῖς ἔνδον
. Nam quod scholiastes ad versum 1129. dicit,
διαβάλλει οὖν ὡς ὀστέα τοῖς θεοῖς προςφέροντας
, non alio spectare videtur, quam ad partes eas hostiarum, quae plus ossium quam carnis habent. Omnino autem illa scholiastae explicatio neque cum praecedentibus neque cum sequentibus bene conciliari potest. Itaque etiam in Pace v. 1020. non de solis ossibus locutus videtur poeta, quum scriberet
ἀλλ᾽ εἴσω φέρων, θύσας, τὰ μηρί᾽ ἐξελὼν δεῖρ᾽ ἔκφερε, χοὔτω τὸ πρόβατον τῷ χορηγῷ σώζεται
. Quare ne apud Homerum quidem
πίονα μηρία
, aut
μηρία πιότατα ταύρων τε καὶ αἰγῶν
apud Lucianum in Timone c. 9. aut
πιανθέντα μηρία
apud Theocritum XVII. 126. propter adipem, quo involvebantur, sed propterea, quod pinguium hostiarum essent, dici videntur. Ex his consequitur non magnopere vituperandum esse Nonnum, qui sacrum, quod in tertio libro Odysseae descriptum est, imitatus V. 21. scripserit
καὶ εὐφνέων κρέα μερῶν ὠμὰ διατμήξας ἐκαλύψατο δίζυγι δημῷ, μιστύλλων κατὰ βαιόν
, licet ille minus accurate veterem morem expresserit. Interdum etiam homines famelici quae diis destinata essent sibi ipsis auferebant, in quam rem scriptum est epigramma Automedontis in Anthol. Pal. vol. II. p. 409. Ceterum non possum silentio praeterire duo argumenta, quae sententiae suae firmandae caussa attulit Vossius. Quorum alterum p. 375. ridiculum est, canem, a cuius facto Cynosarges nomen habeat, ossa quidem duo adipe involuta asportare, non autem si caro integra adhaesisset, potuisse. Alterum autem plane hue non pertinet, quod p. 377. attigit, Mercurium in hymno Homerico v. 137. combussisse
οὐλόποδ᾽, οὐλοκάρηνα
, quod ille fecisse dicitur, ne furti ullum superesset vestigium. Neque vero probari posse arbitror, quod idem Vossius p. 372. in his Apollonii Rhodii II. 698.
ἐκ δέ νυ πάντων εὐαγέως ἱερῷ ἀνὰ διπλόα μηρία βωμῷ καῖον
, de ossibus duplici adipe involutis, quod etiam aliis placuit, interpretatur. Aperte enim ipsa verba ostendunt duo ex quaque hostia femora intelligi. Ceterum quod Aeschylus
μακρὰν ὀσφύν
dicit, caussa haec est, quod ea pars etiam caudam comprehendebat: unde apud Clementem Eubulus
αὐτοῖς δὲ τοῖς θεοῖσι τὴν κέρκον μόνην καὶ μηρόν, ὥςπερ παιδερασταῖς, θύετε·
quod non ex omni parte intellexisse videtur Vossius p. 373. Itaque inutilis est Reisigii coniectura
χαμ' ἄκραν ὀσφύν
.

499. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-562

πυρώσας:
πυράσας
Lips. Aug.

500. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-563

θνητούς:
θνητά
, superscripto
ούς
, Vit.

500. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-564

φλογωπὰ σήματα: Ad
φλογωπὰ σήματα
quod attinet, v. Valcken. ad Phoen. 1261. et Musgr. ad eiusdem fabulae v. 1290. 1291.

501. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-565

ἐξωμμάτωσα:
ἐξωμάτωσα
Lips.

501. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-566

ἐπάργεμα: Eustathius p. 427, 37.
ἀργὸν γὰρ τὸ λευκόν. ὅθεν καὶ ἐπάργεμον πάθος ὀφθαλμοῦ τὸ κοινῶς λεγόμενον λεύκωμα, ὡς που καὶ Αἰσχύλος παραδηλοῖ
. Idem p. 1430, 60.
καὶ ἄργεμος, νόσος ὀμμάτων ἀφ' οὗ ἄργεια κατὰ Δίδυμον τὰ ἐπὶ ὀφθαλμῶν λευκώματα, ὧν μνήμη τῷ Αἰσχύλῳ ἐν τῷ “πρόσθεν ὄντ᾽ ἐπάργεμα.”

502. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-567

δὴ ταῦτ'· ἔνερθε:
δὴ ταῦτ᾽ ἔνερθεν
Lips.
δὴ ταῦτα ἔνερθεν
G.
δῆτ᾽ ἔνερθε
, a rec. manu ad priorem vocem
α
, ad alteram
υ
superscripto, Vit.

503. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-568

κεκρυμμέν':
κεκομμένα δ'
sic Lips.
κεκρημένα
Aug.

504. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-569

σίδηρον:
σίδηρον
Μ.

504. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-570

χρυσόν τε τίς:
χρυσὸν δὲ τίς
M. G. Vit. Lips. aliique et Ald. Turn.
χρυσὸν τὲ τὶς
Rob.

506. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-571

οἶδα:
οἶδ᾽ εἰ μὴ
Vit. et alii nonnulli.

506. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-572

φλῦσαι:
φλύσαι
Μ.

507. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-573

μύθῳ:
λόγῳ
Lips. Vind. 1. 4. sed in Lips. superscriptum
μύθῳ
.

507. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-574

πάντα:
πάντα
G. Vit. Lips. Aug. aliique et edd. vett.
ταῦτα
M. Arund. Cantabr. 2. Ven. 1. Bess.

507. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-575

συλλήβδην:
συλλήβην
Vit.

507. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-576

μάθε:
μάθοις
G. Vit. aliique nonnulli, sed in G. superscriptum
μάθε
.

509. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-577

μὴ νῦν:
μὴ νῦν
Scaliger et Porsonus.

512. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-578

ἰσχύσειν:
ἰσχύσει
Μ. G. sed in M. secunda manus
ν
adscripsit.

513. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-579

πω:
που
, superscripto
ω
, Lips. Vnde
πουω
Aug.

514. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-580

κρᾶναι:
κράναι
Lips. Aug.

514. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-581

δὲ:
δὲ
omittit G.

515. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-582

καμφθεὶς:
καμφθεὶς
, post
κ
superscripto a sec. manu
ρ
, Μ.

515. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-583

δεσμὰ:
δεσμὸν
G.

515. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-584

φυγγάνω:
φυγγανῶ
G. cum glossa
ἐκφευξούμαι
, et Vind. 1. 3. V. ad v. 527.
θιγγάνω
Lips. Aug.

518. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-585

Ἐρινύες:
ἐρινύες
Μ. Ceteri quod sciam libri
ἐριννύες
.

519. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-586

ἄρα Ζεύς:
ἄρα ζεὺς
Μ. Vit. Lips. Aug. Ven. 1. 2. Bess.
ἆρα ζεὺς
G. aliique et Rob.
ἆρ᾽ ὁ ζεὺς
Ald.
ἄρ᾽ ὁ ζεὺς
Ven. 3. Turn.

520. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-587

ἐκφύγοι γε:
ἐκφύγοι γε
M. Rob. Turn.
ἐκφύγοιτε
Ald.
ἐκφύγοιτο
G. Lips. Aug. et pauci alii.
ἐκφύγῃ γε
Vit. aliique.
ἐκφύγῃ τε
nonnulli.

521. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-588

πλὴν ἀεὶ κρατεῖν:
πρὶν ἀεικρατεῖν
Μ.

522. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-589

τοῦτ᾽ οὐκ ἂν ἐκπύθοιο:
τοῦτ᾽ οὐκ ἂν οὖν
(
οὐκ ἂν δὴ
Μ.)
πύθοιο
Μ. edd. vett.
οὖν
omittunt G. Vit. Lips. Aug. Colb. 1. Par. E. Vind. 2. Brunckius
τοῦτ᾽ οὐκέτ᾽ ἂν πύθοιο
, non monito lectore. Id Vind. 1. 3. habent, atque in Colb. 2. Cantabr. 1. 2. scriptum
οὐκ ἔτ᾽ ἄν
. Diu est quum utramque scripturam a metricis profectam, Aeschylum autem
τοῦτ᾽ οὐκ ἂν ἐκπύθοιο
scripsisse credidi. Idque postea repertum est in Ven. 3.

522. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-590

μηδὲ:
μὴ δὲ
M. G. Lips. Aug.

524. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-591

τόνδε δ᾽ οὐδαμῶς:
τόνδ᾽ οὐδαμῶς
G. Vit.

526. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-592

ὅσον μάλιστα:
ὅσον τάχιστα
Par. L. Cantabr. 1.

English commentary on Prometheus Bound (OCR draft) (N. Wecklein, translated by F. D. Allen. Ginn & Company, 1893; compared with the 1891 printing. Printed commentary pages 31–144. Provisional alignment and unresolved OCR are visibly flagged.) focus

436-525. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-305

1
2
436-525. Second Episode. Prometheus and the Coryphaeus. Prometheus calls to mind the benefits he has conferred on gods and men, and his bitterness increases as he contrasts these with his present treat- ment.

436. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-306

3
4
436. μή τοι: see on 625.

437. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-307

5
6
437. σιγάν: see Introduction, pp. 23 and 27. – συννοίᾳ : cp. Soph. Ant. 278 ἐμοί τοι, μή τι καὶ θεήλατον τοὔργον τόδ᾽, ἡ ξύννοια βουλεύει πάλαι, Hdt. i. 88 ὁ δὲ συννοίῃ ἐχόμενος ἥσυχος ἦν. The nature of the 'brooding thoughts' suggested by his pains is hinted at in the words καίτοι... διώρισεν. - δάπτο- μαι κέαρ: cp. Od. i. 48 δαίεται ἦτορ, Il. vi. 202 ὃν θυμὸν κατέδων.

439. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-308

7
8
439. τούτοις : = istis, spoken with contempt.

440. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-309

9
10
440. τίς ἄλλος ἢ ᾿γώ: διὰ τὸ συμβα- λέσθαι Διὶ κατὰ τῶν Τιτάνων, Schol. Cp. 219 with 229. Hence παντελώς, finally, after all, if one goes to the bottom of the matter.

441. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-310

11
12
441 f. εἰδυίαισιν ἂν ὑμῖν λέγοιμι : cp. 1040, Suppl. 742 καὶ λέγω πρὸς εἰ- δότα, Αg. 1402 πρὸς εἰδότας λέγω, Il. x. 250 εἰδόσι γάρ τοι ταῦτα μετ᾿ ᾿Αργείοις ἀγορεύεις, xxiii. 787 εἰδόσιν ὄμμ᾽ ἐρέω πᾶσιν, Pind. Pyth. iv. 251 εἰδότι τοι ἐρέω, Soph. Ο. C. 1539 τὰ μὲν τοιαῦτ᾽ οὖν εἰδότ᾽ ἐκδιδάσκομεν, Eur. Hec. 670 οὐ καινὸν εἶπας, εἰδόσιν δ᾽ ὠνείδισας, Or. 1183 εἰδότ᾽ ἠρόμην, Hdt. iii. 103 ἐπιστα- μένοισι τοῖσι Ἕλλησι οὐ συγγράφω, vii. 8 ἐπισταμένοισι εὖ οὐκ ἄν τις λέγοι, Thuc. ii. 36 μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν οὐ βουλόμενος ἐάσω, Plaut. Pseud. 996 novi: notis praedicas.

442. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-311

13
14
442. τὰν βροτοῖς δὲ πήματα: ὰ εἶ- χον πήματα πρώην, Schol. The pres- ent condition of mankind is known; but to put Prometheus's merit in a clear light, it is necessary to set forth their former wretched plight (447 ff.). In this sense Prometheus says be- low, λέξω δὲ μέμψιν οὔτιν᾿ ἀνθρώποις ἔχων.

444. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-312

15
16
444. φρενῶν ἐπηβόλους: cp. Soph. Ant. 492 λυσσῶσαν αὐτὴν οὐδ᾽ ἐπήβολον φρενῶν, Porphyr. Quaest. Homer. i. τὸ δὲ ἐπήβολος σημαίνει τὸν ἐπιτυχῆ καὶ ἔγκρατῆ ἀπὸ τῆς βολῆς καὶ τοῦ βάλλειν. Σοφοκλῆς ᾿Αλκμαίωνι ῾ εἴθ᾽ εὐ φρονή- σαντ᾽ εἰσίδοιμί πως φρενῶν ἐπήβολον καλῶν σε.'

445. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-313

17
18
445. μέμψιν ἔχων: Soph. Αi. 179 σοί τινα μομφὰν ἔχων, Eur. Phoen. 773 ὥστε μοι μομφὰς ἔχειν, Οr. 1069 ἓν μὲν πρῶτά σοι μομφὴν ἔχω. Cp. Soph. Phil. 322 ἔχεις ἔγκλημ᾽ ᾿Ατρείδαις. In passive sense Thuc. ii. 41 τῷ ὑπηκόῳ κατάμεμψιν ἔχει (sc. ἡ πόλις) ὡς οὐχ ὑπ᾿ ἀξίων ἄρχεται.

446. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-314

19
20
446. ὧν δέδωκ' εὔνοιαν : the kindly feeling which prompted my gifts. See Krüger I. § 47, 7, 6.

447. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-315

21
22
447. πρῶτα μέν: answered by ἦν δ᾽ οὐδέν, 454 (cp. 707-709, 1016- 1020). The third specification is in- troduced by καὶ μήν (459), the fourth by καί (462). - The scholiast remarks, τὸ παροιμιώδες ἐξηγεῖται 'νοῦς ὁρῇ καὶ νοῦς ἀκούει. A verse of Epicharmus ran νοῦς ὁρῇ καὶ νοῦς ἀκούει, τἄλλα κωφὰ καὶ τυφλά.

448. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-316

23
24
448 f. ὀνειράτων ἀλίγκιοι μορφαῖσι : see on 548, and cp. Ar. Av. 687 ἀνέρες εἰκελόνειροι. In a different sense Ag. 1218 ὀνείρων προσφερεῖς μορφώμασι. ἀλίγκιος is an Homeric word. – τὸν μακρὸν βίον: an expression for "the whole duration of life" (τὸ μῆκος τοῦ βίου), like our 'the live-long day.' Cp. Eur. Hipp. 374 νυκτὸς ἐν μακρῷ χρόνῳ, and 537 below.

450. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-317

25
26
450. ἔφυρον εἰκῇ: cp. Eur. Suppl. 201 αἰνῶ θ᾽ ὡς ἡμῖν βίοτον ἐκ πεφυρμένου καὶ θηριώδους θεῶν διεσταθμήσατο, and the passage of a tragedy preserved Stob. Ecl. Phys. i. 1 ἔπειτα πάσης Ελ- λάδος καὶ συμμάχων βίον διώκησ᾽ ὄντα πρὶν πεφυρμένον θηρσίν θ᾽ ὅμοιον· πρῶτα μὲν τὸν πάνσοφον ἀριθμὸν ηὕρηκ᾽ ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων (cp. 459), and finally the long description of the primitive con- dition of mankind in Lucret. v. 951 ff. - οὔτε ... οὐ: cp. 479; Cho. 291 οὔτε κρατῆρος μέρος εἶναι μετασχεῖν, οὐ φιλοσπόνδου λιβός, Soph. Ant. 249 οὔτε του γενῇδος ἦν πλῆγμ᾽, οὐ δικέλλης ἐκ- βολή, Ο. C. 972 οὔτε βλάστας πω γε- νεθλίου πατρός, οὐ μητρός εἶχον, Eur. Οr. 46 ἔδοξε δ᾽ ῎Αργει τῷδε μήθ᾽ ἡμᾶς στέγαις, μὴ πυρὶ δέχεσθαι μήτε προσφω- νεῖν τινα, Tro. 934, Frg. 326. – πλιν- θυφεῖς : lateribus contextos. The word is found only here.

451. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-318

27
28
451. προσείλους : compound of εἵλη, sun's warmth. Cp. προσήλιος, ἀντήλιος. - ήσαν: on the Attic form (from olda) see G. 127 VII; H. 491.

452. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-319

29
30
452. ἀήσυροι : agiles, alacri- ter discurrentes (Schütz), that is, swarming. Root αε- (ἄημι), with added σ.

453. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg003-wecklein-allen1893-com-eng1-320

31
32
453. Cp. Hom. Нутn xx. 1 ῞Ἥφαι- στον . · ὃς μετ᾿ ᾿Αθηναίης γλαυκώπιδος ἀγλαὰ ἔργα ἀνθρώπους ἐδίδαξεν ἐπὶ χθο- νός, οἱ τὸ πάρος περ ἄντροις ναιετάασκον
ἐν οὔρεσιν ἠΰτε θῆρες. νῦν δὲ ... εὔκη- λοι διάγουσιν ἐνὶ σφετέροισι δόμοισιν.

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457. σφίν: see on 252.

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458. δυσκρίτους: belongs with ἀν- τολάς as well as δύσεις. Words com- mon to two members of a sentence, the poets like to put in the second member, to give it greater weight and to bind the whole together. Cp. Εl. 105 ἔστ᾽ ἂν παμφεγγεῖς ἄστρων ῥιπάς, λεύσσω δὲ τόδ᾽ ἦμαρ, 929 ἡδὺς οὐδὲ μητρὶ δυσχερής, Ο. C. 1399 οἴμοι κελεύθου τῆς τ᾽ ἐμῆς δυσπραξίας, Aesch. Ag. 589 φράζων ἅλωσιν Ἰλίου τ᾽ ἀνά- στασιν, Eum. 9 λιπὼν δὲ λίμνην Δηλίαν τε χοιράδα.' So Schneidewin on Soph. Ο. Τ. 802 (κηρύξ τε κἀπὶ πωλικῆς ἀνὴρ ἀπήνης ἐμβεβώς). See on 21, and 1015 below; also Cho. 206 στίβοι ποδῶν ὅμοιοι τοῖς τ᾽ ἐμοῖσιν ἐμφερεῖς, Eur. Heracl. 158 εἰς γόους τε καὶ τὰ τῶνδ᾽ οἰκτίσματα βλέψας, Med. 1366 ὕβρις οἵ τε σοὶ νεοδμῆτες γάμοι. - As an ex- ample of a δύσκριτος δύσις the scholi- ast cites, οἷον Ωρίων ὅτε δύων χειμῶνα ποιεῖ. σεις: the invention of architecture, astronomy, arithmetic, and letters is elsewhere ascribed to Palamedes. Cp. Soph. Frg. 379 οὗτος (Παλαμήδης) δ᾽ ἐφηῦρε τεῖχος ᾿Αργείων στρατῷ, σταθμῶν τ᾿ ἀριθμῶν καὶ μέτρων εὑρήματα..., ἐφηῦρε δ᾽ ἄστρων μέτρα καὶ περιστροφάς, Eur. Frg. 582 τὰ τῆς γε λήθης φάρμακ᾿ ὀρθώσας μόνος, ἄφωνα καὶ φωνοῦντα συλλαβάς τε θεὶς ἐξηῦρον ἀνθρώποισι γράμματ᾽ εἰδέναι.

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461. μουσομήτορα: cp.Hesiod Theog. 52 Μοῦσαι Ὀλυμπιάδες κοῦραι Διὸς αἰγιό- χοιο, τὰς ἐν Πιερίῃ τέκε Μνημοσύνη. Memory, instead of being called simply ἐργάτις Μουσῶν, is more pic- turesquely described as ἐργάνη μουσο- μήτωρ. See also on 241.

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463. ζεύγλαισι δουλεύοντα σάγμα- σίν τε: so in Latin iugalia and clitellaria iumenta are distin- guished. For ζεύγλαισι δουλεύοντα cp. 968, Soph. Ο. C. 105 μόχθοις λα- τρεύων τοῖς ὑπερτάτοις.

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464. διάδοχοι: cp. 1027 and Frg. IV. of the Προμηθεὺς λυόμενοs below.

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465. φιληνίους : cp. Pind. Pyth. ii. 21 459 f. καὶ μήν: nay even. See on 246. – ἀριθμὸν ... γραμμάτων τε συνθέ- ἅρματα πεισιχάλινα. Here proleptic.

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466. ἄγαλμα ... χλιδής: the pas- sion for fine horses was very strong at Athens, and led to much extrava- gance. In Thuc. vi. 16, Alcibiades takes credit for the splendor of the Olympian θεωρία ‘διότι ἅρματα μὲν ἑπτὰ καθῆκα, ὅσα οὐδείς πω ἰδιώτης πρότερον.᾿ Cp. Hdt. vi. 35 Μιλτιάδης ἐὼν οἰκίης τεθριπποτρόφου, [Dem.] XLII. 24 ἱππο- τρόφος ἄγαθός ἐστι (sc. Φαίνιππος) καὶ φιλότιμος ἅτε νέος καὶ πλούσιος καὶ ἰσχυρὸς ὤν, and especially the begin ning of Aristophanes's Clouds.

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467. ἄλλος ἀντ᾿ ἐμοῦ: cp. Soph. Ο. C. 488 κεἴ τις ἄλλος ἀντὶ σοῦ, Αἰ. 444 ἄλλος ἀντ᾿ ἐμοῦ, Eur. Η. F. 519 ἄλλος ἀντὶ σοῦ παιδός, Hel. 574 οὐκ ἔστιν ἄλλη σή τις ἀντ᾿ ἐμοῦ γυνή. Also Eur. Suppl. 419 ὁ γὰρ χρόνος μάθησιν ἀντὶ τοῦ τά- χους κρείσσω τίθησιν.

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468. λινόπτερα: similarly Ennius (quoted by Servius on Verg. Aen. i. 224) naves velivolae; Ovid Pont. iv. 5, 42 velivolae rates; cp. Suppl. 734 νῆες ὠκύπτεροι, Eur. Hipp. 752 & λευκόπτερε πορθμίς, Od. vii. 36 νέες ὠκεῖαι ὡς εἰ πτέρον ἠὲ νόημα, xi. 125 εὐήρε᾽ ἐρετμά, τά πτερὰ νηυσὶ πέλονται. – ὀχήματα: cp. Suppl. 33 ξὺν ὄχῳ ταχυήρει, Od. iv. 708 νηῶν ὠκυπόρων ἐπιβαινέμεν, αἱ θ' ΤΕ ἁλὸς ἵπποι ἀνδράσι γίγνονται, Soph. Trach. 656 πολύκωπον ὄχημα ναός, Eur. Ι. Τ. 410 νάϊον ὄχημα.

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469 f. Cp. Eur. Frg. 897 μισῶ σο- φιστὴν ὅστις οὐχ αὑτῷ σοφός.

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472 ff. μεσολαβοῦσαι αἱ τοῦ χοροῦ τὴν ἔκθεσιν τῶν κατορθωμάτων διανα- παύουσι τὸν ὑποκριτήν [Αἰσχύλου], Schol. That is, the object of the interruption is simply to rest the ac- tor. Accordingly, the coryphaeus re- peats assentingly the sentiment which Prometheus has last uttered. This is often the case in such intermediate speeches of the chorus. The words πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμα, thou hast been shamefully treated, voice the feeling of indignation implied in Prome- theus's speech. The chorus is amazed at the unjust dispensation by which Prometheus, who helped others, can- not help himself. – ἀποσφαλεὶς φρε- νῶν πλανᾷ : equivalent to οὐκ ἔχω σόφισμα above. Cp. Pers. 392 φόβος δὲ πᾶσι βαρβάροις παρῆν γνώμης ἀπο- σφαλεῖσιν, Eur. Iph. Α. 742 μάτην ᾖξ᾽, ἐλπίδος δ᾽ ἀπεσφάλην, Ag. 1530 ἀμηχανῶ φροντίδος στερηθεὶς εὐπάλαμον μέριμναν ὅπα τράπωμαι. Asyndeton, because the clause is explanatory of πέπονθας αἰκὲς πῆμα. Krüger I. § 59, 1, 5.

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474. ἀθυμεῖς: result of the help- lessness just described.

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475. ἰάσιμος : for the omission of εἶ and σύ, see on 42. The thought reminds one of Mark xv. 31 ἄλλους ἔσωσεν, ἑαυτὸν οὐ δύναται σῶσαι, only there is no derision in the words of the coryphaeus.

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479 f. οὔτε ... οὐ ... οὔτε: instead of οὔτε ... οὔτε ... οὔτε (as in 454). See on 450. βρώσιμον . . . χριστὸν ... πιστόν : cp. Ag. 1407 ἐδανὸν ἢ ποτόν, Eur. Hipp. 516 πότερα δὲ χρι- στὸν ἢ ποτὸν τὸ φάρμακον; Schol. on Ar. Plut. 717 φάρμακον καταπλαστόν· τῶν φαρμάκων τὰ μέν ἐστι καταπλαστά, τὰ δὲ χριστά, τὰ δὲ ποτά. The form

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484. τρόπους τε πολλούς μαντικῆς : on these means of prophecy (dreams, voices, omens, birds, sacrifices) cp. Xen. Mem. i. 1, 3 ὅσοι μαντικὴν νομί- ζοντες οἰωνοῖς τε χρῶνται καὶ φήμαις καὶ συμβόλοις καὶ θυσίαις, Ar. Av. 720 φήμη γ᾽ ὑμῖν ὄρνις ἐστίν, πταρμόν τ᾽ ὄρνιθα καλεῖτε, ξύμβολον ὄρνιν, φωνὴν ὄρνιν, θεράποντ᾽ ὄρνιν, ὄνον ὄρνιν, Eur. Suppl. 211 & δ' ἔστ᾽ ἄσημα κοὐ σαφῆ, γιγνώσκομεν εἰς πῦρ βλέποντες, καὶ κατὰ σπλάγχνων πτυχὰς μάντεις προ- σημαίνουσιν οἰωνῶν τ᾽ ἄπο. — Prophecy is reckoned among the instrumentali- ties of human progress.

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485. ἔκρινα : κρίνω is the regular word for the interpretation of dreams. potan, πιστός (for netόs) occurs only here; Cp. ὀνειροκρίτης, and Cho. 37 κριταί Lokon. but cp. πίστρα, πιστήρια. Not only the metre, but the assonance χριστὸν πιστόν, suggested the unusual form. 482. ἠπίων: cp. ἤπια φάρμακα Il. iv. 218, xi. 830; ἠπίοισι φύλλοις Soph. Phil. 697. TE τῶνδ᾽ ὀνειράτων. - For the thought cp. Pind. Frg. 96 εὕδει δὲ (sc. ζωόν, the soul) πρασσόντων μελέων, ἀτὰρ εὑδόντεσσιν ἐν πολλοῖς ὀνείροις δείκ- νυσι τερπνῶν ἐφέρποισαν χαλεπῶν τε κρίσιν.

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486 f. ὕπαρ: cp. Od. xix. 547 οὐκ ὄναρ, ἀλλ᾽ ὕπαρ ἐσθλόν, ὅ τοι τετΕ λεσμένον ἔσται. – κληδόνας κτέ.: κλη- δόνες (or φῆμαι) are foreboding voices, ἐνόδιοι σύμβολοι signs which befall us on leaving home or on journeys. Cp. Cramer Anecd. Ox. IV. p. 241 ἐνόδιον, ὅταν ἐξηγήσηταί τις τὰ ἐν ὁδῷ ἀπαν- τῶντα λέγων· ἐάν σοι ὑπαντήσῃ τοιοῦ- τος ἄνθρωπος ἢ τόδε βαστάζων ἢ τόδε, συμβήσεταί σοι τόδε, Chrysost. on Paul. Ephes. 4, Homil. 12 πολλῶν δειμάτων αὐτοῖς (the Greeks) ἡ ψυχὴ μεστή, οἷον· ' ὁ δεῖνά μοι πρῶτος ἐνέ- τυχεν ἐξιόντι τῆς οἰκίας· πάντως μυ- ρίαδεῖ κακὰ συμπεσεῖν.” ' ἔξω δὲ ἐξελ- θόντι ὁ ὀφθαλμός μοι ὁ δεξιὸς κάτω- θεν ἀναπηδᾷ · δακρύων τοῦτο τεκμή- ριον,' Hor. Carm. iii. 27, 1 impios parrae recinentis omen du- cat et praegnans canis aut ab agro rava decurrens lupa Lanuvino fetaque vulpes. Rumpit et serpens iter in- stitutum, si per obliquum similis sagittae terruit man- nos.

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488. γαμψωνύχων: cp. Il. xvi. 428 αἰγυπιοὶ γαμψώνυχες. The large, soar- ing birds of prey (eagles, hawks, ravens) served for augury. -σκεθρῶς: ср. 102.

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490 ff. εὐωνύμους τε: cp. on 91; also Ag. 444 στένουσι δ᾽ εὐ λέγοντες τὸν μὲν ὡς μάχης ἴδρις, τὸν δ᾽ ἐν φοναῖς καλῶς πεσόντα, Pers. 76 πεζονόμοις ἔκ τε θαλάσσας. — δίαιταν . . . συνεδρίαι : this, too, was a part of augural sci- ence, as affording prognostications of human conditions. Cp. Aristot. Hist. Αn. ix. 1 τοῖς ὠμοφάγοις ἅπαντα πολε- μεῖ, καὶ ταῦτα τοῖς ἄλλοις· ὅθεν καὶ τὰς διεδρίας καὶ τὰς συνεδρίας οἱ μάντεις λαμβάνουσι· δίεδρα μὲν τὰ πολέμια τιθέντες, σύνεδρα δὲ τὰ εἰρη- νεύοντα πρὸς ἄλληλα. Accordingly στέργηθρα is the untechnical, συνεδρίαι the technical term.

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493 ff. Examination of sacrificial victims (extispicina) had to do with shape, position, and color of the inner organs. This was especially the office of the ἱεροσκόποι οι θυοσκό- ποι. – καὶ χροιὰν... χολή: and what color the gall must have, to be agreeable to the gods. Cp. Eur. El. 826 ἱερὰ δ' εἰς χεῖρας λαβὼν Αἴγισθος ἤθρει· καὶ λόβος μὲν οὐ προσῆν σπλάγχνοις, πύλαι δὲ καὶ δοχαὶ χολῆς πέλας κακὰς ἔφαι- νον τῷ σκοποῦντι προσβολάς,

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496 ff. κνίσῃ... τέχνην : this τέχνη is the ἐμπυρομαντεία, which derived signs (σήματα) from the form, bright- ness and power of the sacrificial flames. Cp. Apoll. Rh. i. 144 αὐτὸς δὲ θεοπροπίας ἐδίδαξεν οἰωνούς τ᾽ ἀλέγειν ἠδ᾽ ἔμπυρα σήματ᾿ ἰδέσθαι. Such ἔμπυρα (= φλογωπά) σήματα, of evil portent, are described Soph. Ant. 1006 ἐκ δὲ θυμάτων Ηφαιστος οὐκ ἔλαμπεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπὶ σποδῷ μυδῶσα κηκὶς μηρίων ἐτήκετο κάτυφε κἀνέπτυε καὶ μετάρσιοι χολαὶ διεσπείροντο, καὶ καταρρυεῖς μηροὶ κα- λυπτῆς ἐξέκειντο πιμελῆς. Incident- ally, in κνίσῃ ὀσφῦν, the poet refers to the doctrines as to what part of the victims should be offered to the gods, and in what way. There is here a vague allusion to the story in Hesiod (see Introd. p. 5). Ср. also Il. i. 460 μηρούς τ᾽ ἐξέταμον κατά τε κνίσῃ ἐκάλυψαν, δίπτυχα ποιήσαντες, ἐπ᾿ αὐτῶν δ᾽ ὠμοθέτησαν. – μακρὰν ὀσφῦν : = μεγαλὴν ὀσφῦν. Cp. Eum. 75 δι' ἠπείρου μακρᾶς. The so-called ἱερὸν ὀστοῦν, os sacrum, is meant. Cp. Etym. Magn. p. 468, 28 ἱερὸν ὀστοῦν, τὸ ἄκρον τῆς ὀσφύος· οὕτω γὰρ κέκληται ὅτι μέγα ἐστίν (hence the epithet μακράν), ἢ ὅτι ἱερουργεῖται τοῖς θεοῖς.

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499. ἐξωμμάτωσα, ἐπάργεμα: these correspond in their proper significa- tions. ἄργεμος, νόσος ὀμμάτων (cata- ract), ἀφ᾽ οὗ ἄργεμα κατὰ Δίδυμον τὰ ἐπὶ ὀφθαλμῶν λευκώματα (albugo), Eustath. p. 1430, 60; ἐπάργεμα λέγε- ται τὰ ὄμματα, ὅταν ἢ τετυφλωμένα ὑπὸ λευκωμάτων, Hesych. On ἐξομματοῦν, take scales from the eyes, cp. the verse from Sophocles's Phineus in Ar. Plut. 635 (ἀντὶ γὰρ τυφλοῦ) ἐξωμμάτωται καὶ λελάμπρυνται κόρας. Here “open the eyes is said for "make plain." What we perceive, seems to us, as it were, to have eyes. So τυφλός means invisible as well as not seeing. ματα. دو

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501. ἀνθρώποισιν : to be joined with the verbal substantive ὠφελή- Cp. 612; Ar. Nub. 305 οὐρα- νίοις τε θεοῖς δωρήματα, Plat. Apol. 30 a τὴν ἐμὴν τῷ θεῷ ὑπηρεσίαν, Eur. Iph. Τ. 387 τὰ Ταντάλου τε θεοῖσιν ἑστιάματα. Krüger I. § 48, 12, 4; G. 185; H. 765 a. For the dative with ὠφελεῖν see on 342 above.

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502. άργυρον χρυσόν τε: the last two objects, united by τé, form to- gether the third member of the series. Cp. Cic. Div. i. 51 aurum et argentum, aes, ferrum.

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504. φλύσαι: cp. Cic. de Fin. v. ζεε φλούρια 27 dixerit hoc quidem Epi- curus, semper beatum esse sapientem, quod quidem solet ebullire nonnunquam.

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505. Cp. Eur. Frg. 364, 5 βραχεῖ δὲ μύθῳ πολλὰ συλλαβὼν ἐρῶ, Lucret. vi. 1083 sed breviter pau- cis praestat comprendere multa.

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507 f. Paratactic for μή νυν βρο- τοὺς ὠφελῶν σαυτοῦ ἀκήδει, according to a favorite Greek mode of expres- sion. Cp. Dem. Ix. 27 καὶ οὐ γράφει μὲν ταῦτα, τοῖς δ᾽ ἔργοις οὐ ποιεῖ. In ὠφέλει the time of the action is not thought of, only its sense as opposed to ἀκήδει. Observe that ἀκηδεῖν is an epic word.

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509 f. The prediction of Prome- theus in 476 is fulfilled; the account of his achievements has brought the chorus to enthusiastic admiration. He has only, they think, to exert his inventive genius in his own behalf, to become as powerful as Zeus him- self. To the enlightened spectator this utterance, in a certain sense, is true, since at the end of the trilogy Prometheus is to take his place at the side of the other gods, and so of Zeus, as an object of worship. The thought serves furthermore as tran- sition to the mention of the secret and the revelation of Prometheus's designs.

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511 f. Prometheus tacitly accepts the words ἐκ δεσμῶν λυθέντα μηδὲν μεῖον ἰσχύσειν Διός, but as to time (οὔπω) and manner (ταύτῃ, as you suppose; cp. on 247) of his release the chorus, he asserts, is wrong. – μοῖρα πέπρωται: cp. τὴν πεπρωμένην μοῖραν, Hdt. i. 91. This general statement leads to a discussion of the nature of Destiny. – τελεσφόρος: Eur. Heracl. 899, μοῖρα τελεσσιδώτειρα. – κράναι : here intransitive, go into fulfilment (ούπω μοῖρα πέπρωται ταῦτα ταύτῃ κρᾶ- ναι). Cp. Cho. 1075 ποῖ δῆτα κρανεῖ, ποῖ καταλήξει μετακοιμισθὲν μένος ἄτης; – The scholiast remarks, οὔπω μοι λυθῆ- ναι μεμοίραται· ἐν γὰρ τῷ ἑξῆς δράματι λύεται, ὅπερ ἐμφαίνει Αἰσχύλος. – Eur. Med. 365 ἀλλ᾽ οὔτι ταῦτα ταύτῃ, μὴ δοκεῖτέ πω, seems an imitation of this passage. Cp. Ar. Eq. 843 οὐκ ἀγαθοὶ ταῦτ᾽ ἐστί πω ταύτῃ μὰ τὸν Ποσειδώ. -

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513. φυγγάνω: the meaning of the present is, I am to escape; so 525 ἐκφυγγάνω, I have the means of escap- ing. Cp. Soph. Phil. 113 αἱρεῖ τὰ τόξα ταῦτα τὴν Τροίαν μόνα.

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514. τέχνη: sollertia. " Skill avails nought against Necessity" is a general sentiment. Prometheus hints that the time of his release is fixed by Fate; he cannot change it, nor can Zeus himself. This last idea is taken up by the chorus in 517.

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515. οἰακοστρόφος (cp. 148): that is, "in whose hands lies the execu- tion of the law of the universe ? "

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516. τρίμορφοι: as it were, ἑvds ὀνόματος (Μοίρας) τρεῖς μορφαί. Re- versed in 210 Γαῖα πολλῶν ὀνομάτων μορφὴ μία– μνήμονες: cp. Ag. 155 παλίνορτος οἰκονόμος δολία μνάμων μῆ- νις. In Eum. 382 the Erinyes call themselves κακῶν μνήμονες, σεμναὶ καὶ δυσπαρήγοροι βροτοῖς. The Moῖραι are the representatives of eternal law, the Erinyes carry out this law by πλὴν ἀεὶ κρατεῖν ; punishing all who violate it. Cp. Eum. 334, where the Erinyes say, τοῦτο γὰρ λάχος Μοῖρ᾽ ἐπέκλωσεν ἐμπέ- δως ἔχειν, θνατῶν τοῖσιν αὐτουργίαι ξυμπέσωσιν μάταιοι, τοῖς ὁμαρτεῖν ὄφρ᾽ ἂν γᾶν ὑπέλθῃ, and Hesiod Theog. 217 καὶ Μοῖρας καὶ Κῆρας ἐγείνατο (sc. Νὺξ) νηλεοποίνους (where Κῆρες = Ἐρινύες, cp. Sept. 1054 φθερσιγενεῖς Κῆρες Ἐρι- vues, and Eum. 321, where the Erinyes are said to be daughters of Night). This verse taken together with 910 f. shows why Zeus is still subject to Fate. Prometheus has in mind the danger of loss of sovereignty. See Introduction, p. 17 f.

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518. οὔκουν . γε: the power of Fate over Zeus is limited to the in- fliction of penalties for his transgres- sions of universal law. Cp. the words of the Pythian priestess, Hdt. i. 91 τὴν πεπρωμένην μοῖραν ἀδύνατά ἐστι ἀποφυγεῖν καὶ θεῷ.

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519. Cp. Eum. 125 τί σοι πέπρα πέπρακται πρᾶγμα πλὴν τεύχειν κακά;

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522. The scholiast remarks, τῷ ἑξῆς δράματι φυλάττει τοὺς λόγους. - λόγου: λόγος (like ἔπος) is often used of the subject-matter of a discourse. Cp. Eur. Hel. 120 ἄλλου λόγου μέμνησο, μὴ κείνης ἔτι.

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524. ὅσον μάλιστα: like ὅσον τά- χιστα. Krüger II. § 49, 10, 2; H. 651.

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526-560. Second Stasimon. The subject - praise of peace with Heaven and a tranquil life - is sug- gested by the words of the cory- phaeus 519 τί γὰρ πέπρωται Ζηνὶ πλὴν ἀεὶ κρατεῖν ; The dactylo-epitritic rhythm corresponds with this senti- ment, and 'affords, in the midst of the heat of tragic pathos, a moment of refreshing coolness and cheerful calm' (Westphal). ποτε ἀντίπαλον κράτος ποιοῖτο τῇ ἐμῇ γνώμῃ, ἀντὶ τοῦ μηδέποτε ἐναντίος μοι γένοιτο, Schol. – θεῖτο κράτος ἀντίπα- λον: see on 163.