Aeschylus Persians 1-64

ed. Arthur Sidgwick

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Persians. Aeschylus. ed. Arthur Sidgwick. Oxford. 1902.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by Tufts University.

Current edition First1KGreek

Πέρσαι (Greek) (Aeschyli Tragoediae. Sidgwick, Arthur, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902.)

Editions (6)
Πέρσαι Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 1. Smyth, Herbert Weir, editor. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1922.) — 1-64 focus
Πέρσαι (OCR draft) Experimental (Πέρσαι. Guilielmus Dindorfius, 1882.) — 1 focus
ἁβροδιαίτων δ᾽ ἕπεται Λυδῶν
ὄχλος, οἵτ᾽ ἐπίπαν ἠπειρογενὲς
κατέχουσιν ἔθνος, τοὺς Μιτρογάθης
Ἀρκτεύς τ᾽ ἀγαθὸς, βασιλῆς δίοποι,
καὶ πολύχρυσοι Σάρδεις ἐπόχους
45
πολλοῖς ἅρμασιν ἐξορμῶσιν,
δίρρυμά τε καὶ τρίρρυμα τέλη,
φοβερὰν ὄψιν προσιδέσθαι.
στεῦται δ᾽ ἱεροῦ Τμώλου πελάται
ζυγὸν ἀμφιβαλεῖν δούλιον Ἑλλάδι,
50
Μάρδων, θάρυβις, λόγχης ἄκμονες,
καὶ ἀκουτισταὶ Μυσοί· Βαβυλὼν δ᾽
ἡ πολύχρυσος πάμμικτον ὄχλου
πέμπει σύρδην, ναῶν τ᾽ ἐπόχους·
τοξουλκῷ λήματι πιστούς·
55
Πέρσαι (OCR draft) Experimental (Πέρσαι. Gottfried Hermann, 1852.) — 1 focus
Τάδε μὲν Περσῶν τῶν οἰχομένων
1
Ἑλλάδ᾽ ἐς αἶαν πιστὰ καλεῖται,
καὶ τῶν ἀφνεῶν καὶ πολυχρύσων
ἑδράνων φύλακες,
κατὰ πρεσβείαν οὓς αὐτὸς ἄναξ
5
Ξέρξης βασιλεὺς Δαρειογενὴς
εἵλετο χώρας ἐφορεύειν.
ἀμφὶ δὲ νόστῳ τῷ βασιλείῳ
καὶ πολυχρύσου στρατιᾶς ἤδη
κακόμαντις ἄγαν ὀρσολογεῖται
10
θυμός, ἔσωθεν δὲ βαΰζει.
πᾶσα γὰρ ἰσχὺς ᾿Ασιατογενής
οἴχωκε νέων,
κοὔτε τις ἄγγελος, οὔτε τις ἱππεὺς
ἄστυ τὸ Περσῶν ἀφικνεῖται,
15
οἵτε τὸ Σούσων ἠδ᾽ Εκβατάνων
καὶ τὸ παλαιὸν Κίσσινον ἕρκος
προλιπόντες ἔβαν,
οἱ μὲν ἐφ᾽ ἵππων, οἳ δ᾽ ἐπὶ ναῶν,
πεζοί τε βάδην
20
πολέμου στῖφος παρέχοντες·
οἷος Αμίστρης ἠδ᾽ Αρταφρένης,
καὶ Μεγαβάτης, ἠδ᾽ Αστάσπης,
ἁβροδιαίτων δ᾽ ἕπεται Λυδῶν
ὄχλος, οἵτ᾽ ἐπίπαν ἠπειρογενὲς
κατέχουσιν ἔθνος, τοὺς Μιτρογαθής
Αρκτεύς τ᾿ ἀγαθός, βασιλῆς δίοποι,
45
χαὶ πολύχρυσοι Σάρδεις ἐπόχους
πολλοῖς ἅρμασιν ἐξορμῶσιν,
δίρρυμά τε καὶ τρίρρυμα τέλη
φοβερὰν ὄψιν προςιδέσθαι.
στεῦται δ᾽ ἱεροῦ Τμώλου πελάται
50
ζυγὸν ἀμφιβαλεῖν δούλιον Ἑλλάδι,
Μάρδων, θάρυβις, λόγχης άκμονες,
καὶ ἀκοντισταὶ Μυσοί· Βαβυλὼν δ᾽
ἡ πολύχρυσος πάμμικτον ὄχλον
πέμπει σύρδην, ναῶν τ᾽ ἐπόχους
55
καὶ τοξουλκῷ λήματι πιστούς·
τὸ μαχαιροφόρον τ᾽ ἔθνος ἐκ πάσης
ΠΕΡΣΑΙ (OCR draft) Experimental (ΠΕΡΣΑΙ. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 1 focus
ἁβροδιαίτων δ' ἕπεται Λυδῶν
ὄχλος, οἵτ' ἐπίπαν ἠπειρογενὲς
κατέχουσιν ἔθνος, τοὺς Μητρογάθης μιτρο- μιθρο- μιστρο- μιτρα- μητραγαθής
Ἀρκτεύς ἀρκεύς τ' ἀγαθός, βασιλῆς δίοποι,
καὶ πολύχρυσοι Σάρδεις ἐπόχους
45
πολλοῖς ἅρμασιν ἐξορμῶσιν,
δίρρυμά τε καὶ τρίρρυμα τέλη,
φοβερὰν ὄψιν προσιδέσθαι·
στεῦται στεῦνται δ' ἱεροῦ Τμώλου πελάται
ζυγὸν ἀμφιβαλεῖν δούλιον δούλειον Ἑλλάδι,
50
Μάρδων, θάρυβις, λόγχης ἄκμονες,
καὶ ἀκοντισταὶ Μυσοί· Βαβυλὼν δ'
Πέρσαι (OCR draft) Experimental (Πέρσαι. N. Wecklein, 1885.) — 1 focus
Τάδε μὲν Περσῶν τῶν οἰχομένων
1
Ἑλλάδ᾽ ἐς αἶαν πιστὰ καλεῖται,
καὶ τῶν ἀφνεῶν καὶ πολυχρύσων
ἑδράνων φύλακες, κατὰ πρεσβείαν
οὓς αὐτὸς ἄναξ Ξέρξης βασιλεὺς
5
Δαρειογενὴς
εἵλετο χώρας ἐφορεύειν.
ἀμφὶ δὲ νόστῳ τῷ βασιλείῳ
καὶ πολυχρύσου στρατιᾶς ἤδη
ἁβροδιαίτων δ᾽ ἕπεται Λυδῶν
ὄχλος, οἵ τ᾽ ἐπίπαν ἠπειρογενὲς
κατέχουσιν ἔθνος, τοὺς Μητρογαθὴς
Ἀρκτεύς τ᾽ ἀγαθὸς βασιλῆς δίοποι,
45
Aeschyli Persae (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschyli Persae. Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, 1914.) — 1 focus
ἁβροδιαίτων δ᾽ ἕπεται Λυδῶν
ὄχλος, οἵ τ᾽ ἐπίπαν ἠπειρογενές
Translations (9)
Persians Perseus (Aeschylus, Volume 1. Smyth, Herbert Weir, translator. London; New York: William Heinemann; G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1922. (Modernized by Perseus.)) — 1-60 focus
The Persians. (OCR draft) Experimental (The Persians.. Theodore Alois Buckley, 1849.) — 1 focus
These are the faithful band 1
left by the Persians who have gone into the land of Hellas, and guardians of these opulent abodes abounding in gold, whom our prince Xerxes himself, a monarch descended from Darius, selected according to seniority, to have the superintendence of the realm. And now for some time my ill-boding soul within me has been in a state of exceeding agitation concerning the return of our monarch, and of the army in its rich array, for the whole native power of Asia hath gone, and [my mind] calls for its youthful hero 2
. And neither does any messenger nor any horseman arrive at the city of the Persians, who, having quitted the city of Susa and of Ecbatana 1
, and the antique Cissian fortress, set forth, some on steeds, some in ships, and the infantry in slow march, forming a dense file of war. Amistres 2
, for instance, and Artaphrenes, and Megabayes, and Astaspes, leaders of the Persians, kings, subalterns of the great king, speed their way, inspectors of the great host, both those that conquer with the bow, and mounted upon steeds, fearful to look upon 3
, and terrible in fight, through their stern determination of spirit. Artembaces too, rejoicing in his charger, and Masistres, and stout Imae us that slays with the bow, and Pharandaces and Sosthanes, driver of steeds. And others Nile, the mighty stream and nourisher of many, sent forth; Susiscanes, Pegastagon native of Egypt, and the lord of sacred Memphis mighty Arsames, and Ariomardus ruler of ancient Thebes, and the dwellers in the fens, skilful rowers of galleys, and in multitude beyond all numbering.
There follows a crowd of Lydians, delicate in their habits of life, and they that hold every nation native on the continent 4
, whom Mithragathes and valiant Arcteus, inspector-princes, and Sardis that teems with gold, send forth in many chariots, in ranks of double and treble yokes 5
, a spectacle fearful to look upon. The borderers too on sacred Tmolus are bent on casting the yoke of servitude around Hellas, Mardon, Tharybis, [twin] anvils of the spear, and the Mysians who launch the javelin. Babylon too, that teems with gold, sends forth her mingled multitude in long array, both those who embark in ships, and are trust in their valor to draw the bow. And the scimitar-wielding populace from all Asia follows in their train, under the dread mandates of the king. Such a flower of men is gone from the Persian land; concerning whom the Asiatic soil which reared them is shrivelled with vehement anxiety: and parents and wives, as they count the day, shudder at the lengthening date.
LES PERSES (OCR draft) Experimental (LES PERSES. Paul Mazon, 1920-1925.) — 1 focus
Voici ceux que parmi les Perses, aujourd'hui partis 1 pour la terre de Grèce, on nomme les Fidèles, gardiens de ce palais d'opulence et d'or, qu'à rai-
son de leur rang notre sire Xerxès, roi né de Darios, a lui-même choisis pour veiller sur sa terre.
Mais, à songer au retour royal, au retour de l'armée bardée d'or, déjà, prophète trop prompt de malheurs, mon
cœur se hérisse en moi : la force née de l'Asie s'en est allée tout entière ! il gronde, appelant un porteur de nouvelles : et nul messager, nul courrier monté n'arrive à
la cité des Perses !
Quittant Suse et Ecbatane et les vieux remparts kissiens 2 , ils sont partis, les uns à cheval, d'autres sur des vaisseaux,
les fantassins à pied, formant le gros de la masse guerrière.
Ainsi vont au combat Amistrès et Artaphrénès, Mégaba-
tès et Astaspès, capitaines des Perses, rois vassaux du
marais, multitude innombrable et terrible.
Derrière suit la foule des Lydiens délicats, qui dominent tous les peuples de leur continent 4 . Les preux Métrogathès,
Arcteus, connétables rois, et Sardes, la cité de l'or, les envoient au combat sur des milliers de chars à quatre et six chevaux rangés en escadrons, spectacle de terreur.
Les voisins du Tmôlos sacré se flattent aussi de jeter sur
la Grèce le joug de l'esclavage, Mardôn, Tharybis, enclumes de la lance 5 , avec leurs Mysiens, lanceurs de javelots. Et de Babylone, autre cité de l'or, arrive en torrent une foule
The Persians (OCR draft) Experimental (The Persians. Robert Potter, 1779.) — 1 focus
WHILST o'er the fields of Greece the em-
1
battled troops
Of Perſia march, with delegated ſway
We o'er their rich and gold-abounding ſeats
Hold faithful our firm guard;
5
to this high charge
Xerxes, our royal lord, th' imperial ſon
Of great Darius, choſe our honour'd age.
But for the king's return, and his arm'd hoſt
Blazing with gold, my ſoul preſaging ill
10
Swells in my tortur'd breaſt:
for all her force
Hath Aſia ſent, and for her youth I ſigh.
Nor meſſenger arrives, nor horſeman ſpurs
With tidings to this ſeat of Persia's kings.
15
The gates of Suſa and Ecbatana
Pour'd forth their martial trains; and Ciſſia ſees
Her ancient tow'rs forſaken, whilſt her youth,
Some on the bounding ſteed, the tall bark ſome
Aſcending, ſome with painful march on foot,
20
Haſte on, t' arrange the deep'ning files of war.
Amiſtres, Artaphernes, and the might
Of great Aſtaſpes, Megabazes bold,
Chieftains of Perſia, kings, that to the pow'r
Of the great king obedient, march with theſe
25
Leading their martial thouſands;
their proud
ſteeds
Prance under them; ſteel bows and ſhafts their
arms,
30
Dreadful to ſee, and terrible in ſight,
Deliberate valour breathing in their ſouls,
Artembares, that in his firey horſe
Delights; Maſiſtres; and Imæus bold,
Bending with manly ſtrength his ſtubborn bow;
35
Pharandaces, and Soſthanes, that drives
With military pomp his rapid ſteeds.
Others the vaſt prolific Nile hath ſent;
Pegaſtagon,
Pegaſtagon, that from Ægyptus draws
40
His high birth; Suſiſcanes; and the chief
That reigns o'er ſacred Memphis, great Arſames;
And Ariomardus, that o'er ancient Thebes
Bears the ſupreme dominion; and with theſe
Drawn from their watry marſhes numbers train'd
45
To the ſtout oar.
Next theſe the Lycian troops,
Soft ſons of luxury; and thoſe that dwell
Amidſt the inland foreſts, from the ſea
Far diſtant; theſe Metragathes commands,
50
And virtuous Arceus, royal chiefs, that ſhine
In burniſh'd gold, and many' a whirling car
Drawn by ſix generous ſteeds from Sardis lead,
A glorious, and a dreadful ſpectacle.
And from the foot of Tmolus, ſacred mount,
55
Eager to bind on Greece the ſervile yoke,
Mardon and Tharybis the maſſy ſpear
Graſp with unwearied vigor;
Eschilo, I Persiani: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli (OCR draft) Experimental (Eschilo, I Persiani: traduzione italiana di Ettore Romagnoli. Ettore Romagnoli, 1922.) — 1 focus
I fedeli siam noi dei Signori
1
persïani partiti per l'Ellade,
i custodi siam noi dei palagi
ricchi d'oro, opulenti.
Prescelse
5
noi, pel senno e per gli anni provetti
a vegliar su la patria il re Serse,
figliuolo di Dario.
E di già per l'assenza del sire,
dell'esercito rutilo d'oro,
10
troppo in seno tumultua l'anima
presaga di mali.
Poi che tutta partir la sua forza
vide l'Asia, e i suoi giovani invoca;
né alcun messo ancor giunge, non giunge
15
cavaliere alla nostra città.
Molti d'essi, da Ecbàtana e Susa,
dal vetusto recinto di Císsino,
movevano a guerra
su corsieri, su navi, o pedoni
20
ad empir le caterve di guerra:
quali Amistra, Artaferne, Megàbate,
ed Astàspe, signori di Persi.
Ed i re del gran Re tributarî,
si lanciâr con fittissime schiere,
25
vibrando archi, inforcando corsieri,
paurosi a vedere, terribili
com'è fama, pel cuor temerario
nella zuffa.
Ed Artèmbare, vago
30
di cavalli, e Masistre, e Imeo prode
vibratore dell'arco, e Faràndace
e Sostane signor dei corsieri.
Il gran Nilo dai flutti fecondi
altri poi ne mandava: Susícane,
35
Pegastàgone egizio, ed Arsàme,
l'alto sire di Menfi la sacra,
e Ariomardo che a Tebe vetusta
tien lo scettro;
e le genti palustri
40
ben destre al remeggio,
moltitudini immense e terribili.
E li segue la turba dei Lidî
delicati, e quanti ebber la culla
nelle interne contrade.
45
Li guida
Metrogate e Arteo prode, signori
ambi e re.
Sardi, rutila d'oro,
li sospinge su innumeri carri
50
aggiogati con quattro, con sei
corridori, tremendo spettacolo.
E Mardonio e Taríbide, incudini
delle lance al cozzar, che dimorano
presso a Tmolo santissima, e i Misî
55
lanciator' di zagaglie, minacciano
pure all'Ellade il giogo servile.
Babilonia che sfolgora d'oro,
inviò lunghe turbe commiste,
e su navi i guerrieri sicuri
60
nell'ardire che lancia le frecce.
E ogni gente che stringa la spada,
dall'Asia universa
segue gli ordini fieri del Re.
Tale fiore di giovani mosse
65
dalle plaghe di Persia.
E per essi
tutta or piange la terra asïàna
che nutriali, ch'or n'arde di brama.
Ed il tempo che tanto prolungasi
70
i padri e le spose
giorno a giorno misurano, e tremano.
Aeschylus, Persae: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Persae: versio Latina Ioannis Sanravii. Ioannes Sanravius, 1555.) — 1 focus
Hæc quidem Perſarum proficiſcentium
1
In Græciam præſidia uocantur fi delia,
Et locupletum diuitumq;
Sedium custodes, tanquam antiquos:
Hos ipſe rex Xerxes imperator
5
Dariogena Dario natus
Elegit, ut specularentur terram,
Pro reditu regio,
Exercitus diuitis iam
Sinister uates animus admodum turbatur
10
Intrinfecus:
omne robur Aſiaticum
Abiuit, iuuenem uirum excit.
At neq; ullus nuncius, aut eques
Vrbem Perſarum adit.
15
Qui Sufa Ecbatana,
Et antiquum bederaceum munimentum
Partim nauibus, partim pedeſtri itinere,
Relinquentes, profecti funt partim equis,
Belli turmam conftituentes.
20
Qualis Amistres, Artafrenes,
Et Megabases, Aftapesq duces Perſarum,
Reges regi magno ſubditi
Veniunt, exercitus magni præfecti,
Iaculatoresq ,ac equites
25
Terribiles quidem uiſu, atroces uerò pugna,
In audaci opinione anime.
Artembares, & Hippiocharmes, Maſiſtresq
Arcu domans ftrenuus Imeus,
Pharandacesq;, equorum rector'q; Soſthanes.
30
Alios uerò magnus multa animalia alens
Nilus mifit:Sufiſcanes,
Pegaſtagon Aegyptogena,
Et facræ Memphidos princeps
Magnus Arfames, priſcas
35
Thebas incolens Ariomardus,
Et nauales nauium remiges
Graues, multitudoq; innumera,
Mollium ſequitur Lydorum
Turba, qui omnino continentigenam
40
The Persians (OCR draft) Experimental (The Persians. Anna Swanwick, 1886.) — 1 focus
CHORUS
THE Faithful these, advisers old
Of Persians, gone to Hellas' strand,
Guards of these halls and plenteous gold
Here treasured, whom, as elders' meed,
Lord Xerxes, King, Darius' seed,
Chose wardens of the land.
But touching now the safe return
Of King and gold-trickt host,
Bodeful of mischief, sore afraid,
My heart within doth yearn,
10
And for our youthful hero moans;
For all the martial strength is gone,
Nurtur'd in Asia: news is none;
Nor horseman reacheth yet nor post
Our Persia's central home.
But they forsaking Susa's walls,
Agbatana and Kissia's hold
Right ancient, forth to battle sped,
Some borne on steeds, in galleys some,
Others in march, with measured tread,
20
War's serried ranks displayed.
Such were Amistres, Artaphren,
Astasp and Megabazes,—they,
Marshals of Persia, kings themselves,
But to the mighty King submiss,
Speed forth, o'erseers of vast array,
With arrow puissant, borne on steeds,
Fearful to sight and dread in fight,
Through their high-souled resolve.
And steed-exultant Artembar,
Masistres and Imaeus brave,
30
Puissant with bow; Pharandakes,
Sosthānes too, steed-driver;
Others Nile's vast, life-teeming wave
Sent to the war; Susiskănes,
And Pegastágon, Egypt-born,
Him too who sacred Memphis sways,
Mighty Arsámes; Ariomard,
Whose rule Ogygian Thebes obeys;
And rowers from the marshy shore,
Their barks who guide with sturdy oar,
40
Well-skilled, a countless host.
41
And Lydians, a luxurious train,
Who the whole native people hold,
Of Asia's mainland; these the twain,
Metragathes and Arkteus brave,
Kingly commanders, lead to war,
Sent forth by Sardis rich in gold,
Mounted upon full many a car,
With steeds yoked three and four abreast,
Terrific to behold.
And dwellers sacred Tmolos near
On Hellas rush the yoke to cast
50
Of bondage;—Mardon, Tharubis,
Dread anvils of the spear;
And Mysians skilled the dart to throw;
While Babylon, the golden, sends
Her motley throng, which sweeps along,
Some upon galleys borne, and those
Whose valour trusts the bow.
Thus 'neath the King's commandment dread
Each sabre-wielding race has sped
From Asia's every reign.
Such bloom of men from Persia's plain
60
Hath gone, and all the Asian earth,
Yearning for those whom from their birth
She fostered, groans amain;
While wives and parents count each day,
Still trembling at the long delay.
But Persian elders, come,
And seated in our ancient hall of state
Devise we counsel, with deep-thoughted care,
For great in sooth the need;—
How haply fares our king,
Darius' seed,
Xerxes, from him derived whose name we bear.
On bending of the bow doth conquest wait?
Or hath the might
150
Of iron-headed spear-shaft won the day?
[ATOSSA is seen approaching in a royal chariot, attended by a numerous train.]
But lo, in brightness like the eyes of gods,
Comes forth a light—
The mother of my royal lord, my queen.
Do we obeisance, falling at her feet;
Yea, it behoves us all
155
With words of salutation her to greet.
[They prostrate themselves before her, touching the earth with their foreheads.]
Of Persia's deep-zoned daughters supreme in rank,
O Queen,
Hoar mother of King Xerxes, spouse of Darius, hail!
Once consort, now the mother of Persia's god art thou,
Unless our ancient fortune abandons now the host.
160
ATOSSA
Therefore I come forsaking our gold-tricked palace halls,
The common nuptial chamber, Darius' and mine own.
Me too at heart care rendeth: my thoughts to you I'll speak,
Being by no means fearless touching myself, O friends,
Lest mighty wealth retreating, o'erturn with foot of haste,
Fortune which great Darius not without Heav'n upreared.
Hence care, all words surpassing, twofold my bosom rends,
For small the honour yielded to wealth, if men be lost,
And light to strength proportioned, shines not where riches fail.
Our wealth may none disparage, but for our Eye we fear,
170
For I the master's presence esteem the eye of home.
Wherefore since Fate hath ordered that thus affairs should stand,
Be my advisers, Persians, mine aged, trusty, friends;
For all my hope of counsel is centred now in you.
CHORUS
Queen of this land, know surely, thou needest not speak twice,
Or word, or deed, if warrant our will gave of our power;
For we to counsel summoned, devoted are to thee.
ATOSSA
Ever by nightly visions, manifold *
Have I been haunted, since, intent to raze
Ionia's land, my son led forth his power.
180
But never saw I dream so manifest
As that of yesternight;—I'll tell it thee.
Methought two women came before my sight,
Richly apparelled, this in Persian robes
Was habited, but that in Doric garb;
In height above their sex pre-eminent,
Faultless in beauty, sisters of one race.
As Fatherland the one by lot had gained
Hellas, the other the Barbaric land.
Between these twain, for so methought I saw,
190
Some feud arose, which learning, straight my son
Strove to appease and soothe; he to his car
Yoked them, and placed the collar on their necks.
Proudly the one exulted in this gear,
And kept her mouth submissive to the reins;
Restive the other was; she with her hands
The chariot-harness rends, then, without bit,
Whirls it along, snapping the yoke asunder.
Prone falls my son, and close at hand his sire,
200
Darius, pitying stands, whom when he sees,
200
The robes about his person Xerxes rends.
Such was, I say, my vision of the night.
When I arose and with my hands had touched
Fountain clear-flowing, I the altar neared
With sacrificial hand, wishing to pay
To the averting gods, to whom belong
Such rites, oblations; forthwith I behold
An eagle fleeing straight to Phobos' hearth.
Speechless I stood through terror, friends; anon,
A kite I see borne forward on swift wing,
210
Tearing with talons fierce the eagle's head;
Meanwhile the eagle nothing did but cower,
His body tamely yielding to the foe.
Dreadful these portents are to me who saw
And you who hear: for well ye know, my son,
If victor, were a man with glory crowned,
Yet worsted, to the state gives no account,
And saved, he none the less this realm will sway.
5
CHORUS
Thee neither would we, mother, o'erfrighten by our words,
Nor yet too much encourage; but, prayerful, seek the gods;
If aught hast seen of evil, that pray them to avert,
But for thyself and children, the state, and all thy friends,
220
All good things to make perfect; next, meet it is to pour
To earth and to the Manes, libations; but thy spouse,
Darius, whom thou sayest in dream to have beheld,
Entreat to send up blessings, for thee and for thy son,
From 'neath the earth to daylight, while inauspicious things,
Held 'neath the earth in durance, may fade away in gloom.
Thus we, with mind presageful, counsel with kind intent,
Trustful that from these omens the issue fair will prove.
ATOSSA
Well thou, the first expounder of these my dreams, hast given
An explanation friendly toward my son and house.
May the good find fulfilment! The rites which to the gods
230
And to our buried dear ones thou biddest, I will pay
Soon as I gain the palace. Meanwhile, I fain would know
Where on the earth stands Athens, * as men report, my friends.
6
CHORUS
Far to the west, where waneth our sovereign lord, the sun.
ATOSSA
What! hath my son then hankered this town to make his prey?
CHORUS
Ay, to our king all Hellas would then submissive prove.
ATOSSA
Of men then in their army have they so vast array?
CHORUS
Of such sort was their army, it wrought the Medes great bale.
ATOSSA
And what besides? Wealth have they sufficient in their homes?
CHORUS
A fount is theirs of silver; a treasure of their soil. *
240
ATOSSA
Is the bow-stretching arrow conspicuous in their hands?
CHORUS
Nay, lances for close fighting, and equipage of shield.
ATOSSA
And who then is their shepherd? Who lords it o'er their host?
CHORUS
To no man are they vassals, nor yield they to command.
ATOSSA
How then, if foe invade them, may they the shock sustain?
CHORUS
So that Darius' army, gallant and large, they quelled.
ATOSSA
Dreadful thy words to parents whose sons to war are sped.
CHORUS
But soon, if I mistake not, thou the whole truth shalt learn,
For here a courier speedeth whose gait proclaimeth him
250
Persian, and he will bring us clear news of weal or woe.
MESSENGER
O fenced homes of all the Asian earth,
O soil of Persia, haven of vast wealth,
How by one stroke our full prosperity
Hath shatter'd been, and blighted Persia's flower.
Woeful his office first who heralds woe!
Yet all our sorrow must I needs unfold.—
Persians! the whole barbaric host is lost.
CHORUS
MESSENGER
Yonder our all is ruined utterly
Myself, past hope returning, view the light.
CHORUS
MESSENGER
Present myself, not hearing others' words,
Persians! I can report what ills befel.
CHORUS
MESSENGER
Corpses of men ill-fated choke the coasts
Of Salamis, and all the region near.
CHORUS
MESSENGER
Nothing our bows availed; but all our host
280
Perished, by shock o'ercome of naval prows.
CHORUS
MESSENGER
O, Salamis, most hateful name to hear!
Athens, alas! remembering thee I groan.
CHORUS
ATOSSA
Long have I silence kept, struck down by ills,
Wretched:—for so transcendent this mischance,
Our grief may be nor told nor questioned of.
Yet mortals needs must bear calamities
Sent by the gods; wherefore, our sum of loss
Unfolding, though thou groanest at our ills,
Yet in well-ordered narrative rehearse
Who hath from death escaped; whom must we wail
Of princely leaders that the truncheon held
300
Who now, by death hath left his post unmanned.
MESSENGER
Xerxes himself still lives and sees the light.
ATOSSA
Great light, in sooth, thou speakest to my house,
And day clear shining, after murky night.
MESSENGER
But Artembares, lord of myriad horse,
'Gainst the Sileni's rugged shores is dashed;
And Dadaces, the chiliarch, spear-struck,
Forth from his galley leapt with nimble bound.
And Tenagon, of Bactria's true stock
Bravest, the sea-lash'd isle of Ajax haunts.
310
Lilaios, Arsames, Argestes, these
Round the dove-nurturing island overpowered,
On the hard coast lay butting to and fro.
Neighbour to Egypt's Nile-springs, Arkteus too,
Adeues, Pheresseues, Pharnuchos,
All these together from one vessel fell.
Chrysian Matallos, captain of vast hosts,
Leader of thrice ten thousand sable horse,
In death his ruddy beard, bushy and thick,
With purple gore distaining, changed its hue.
320
The Magian Arabos, and Artames,
From Bactria, settler on a rugged soil,
There perished. Wielder of no idle spear,
Amphistreus, and the doughty Ariomard,
By Sardis mourned; Amistris, Seisames,
The Mysian;—of five times fifty ships
Commander, Tharybis, in Lyrna born,
A comely man, no mark for envy now,
Prone lies in death. Foremost in valour too,
Syennesis, Cilicia's host who led,
330
Whose single prowess wrought the foe most bale,
A glorious end hath found. I of such chiefs
Now make report; but mid the throng of ills
Which overwhelm us, I relate but few.
ATOSSA
Woe! woe! The very crown of ills, I hear,
To Persians shame and matter for shrill wail;
But on thy track returning, tell me this,
How great the number of the Hellenès' fleet,
That they with Persia's armament should dare
Battle to join in shock of naval prows?
MESSENGER
Had conquest waited upon numbers, queen,
Then Persia's ships were victor, for the fleet
340
Of Hellas counted but three hundred ships, *
And other ten selected, in reserve.
But Xerxes, this I know, led fifty score,
While those for swiftness most pre-eminent
Two hundred were and seven: such the tale.
Seem we to thee the weaker in this battle?
Rather some power divine destroyed the host,
The scale depressing with unequal fortune.
Gods save the city of the goddess, Pallas.
ATOSSA
Is then the Athenians' city still unsack'd? †
350
MESSENGER
Her sons surviving, she firm bulwark hath.
ATOSSA
What the commencement of the sea-fight? Say.
Did the Hellenès first the onset lead,
Or did my son, proud of innumerous ships?
MESSENGER
All our disaster, Queen! from spirit of ill
Or vengeful power, none knoweth whence, began.
For a Hellene from out the Athenian host
Came to thy son, to Xerxes, with this tale, *
That when the gloom of dusky night set in,
The Hellenès would not stay, but, springing straight
360
On to the benches of their ships, would seek,
Some here, some there, safety by secret flight.
But he, when he had heard, perceiving not
The Hellenic guile, or envy of the gods,
To all his captains issues this command;
When with his beams the sun to scorch the earth
Should cease, and darkness hold the expanse of sky,
Their squadrons they should marshal in three lines,
Guarding the outlets and the billowy straits,
And others station around Aias' isle:—
370
For did the Hellenès 'scape a wretched fate,
Finding by stealth an outlet for their ships,
Stern was the warning,-every head should fall.— *
Such words he spake from mind infatuate,
For what impended from the gods he knew not.
And they, without disorder, but with minds
Obedient to command, their meal prepared,
And round true-fitting lock each mariner
Strapp'd well his oar. But when the sunlight waned
And night came on, each master of an oar ‡
380
Went to his ship, and each one versed in arms;
Of the long galleys line still cheering line,
Forth sail they, as to each had been prescribed.
And through the live-long night the admirals,
With naval force entire, cruised to and fro.
Darkness advanced, yet not in secret flight
Ionia's host was minded to escape;
But when white-steeded Day, bright to behold,
Held the wide earth, from the Hellenes first,
Like joyous chant, rang out their battle-cry,
390
And forthwith Echo, from the island rocks,
Sent back responsive an inspiring shout.
On all the Persians, cheated in their hopes,
Fell terror; for by no means as in flight
Their solemn pæan did th' Hellenes sing,
395
But with stout courage speeding to the fray.
The trumpet's blare fired all their ranks, and straight,
With simultaneous dip of sounding oar,
They at the signal smote the surging brine,
And instant all conspicuous were to sight.
400
First the right wing, well marshall'd, took the lead:
Then their whole naval force in fair array
Bore down against us. All at once was heard
A mighty shout: "Sons of Hellenès, on,
Your country free, your children free, your wives,
The temples of your fathers' deities,
Your tombs ancestral; for your all ye fight."
And from our side clamour of Persian speech
In answer rose; no time was then for pause,
But instant galley against galley dashed
410
Her armature of brass. A ship of Hellas
Led the encounter, and from Punic barque
Sheared her high crest. Thereon as fortune led,
Ship drave on ship; at first the Persian host,
A mighty flood, made head; but soon their ships
Thronged in the strait, of mutual aid bereft,
Each against other dashed with brazen beak,
Crushing the oar-banks of their proper fleet;
While the Hellenès ships, not without skill,
Circling around them smote: dead hulks of ships
420
Floated keel-upwards, and, with wrecks o'erstrewn
And slaughtered men, lost was the sea from sight,
Ay, shores and reefs were crowded with the dead.
In flight disordered every ship was rowed,
Poor remnant of the Persian armament.
Then as men strike at tunnies, or a haul
Of captured fishes, the Hellenès, armed
With splint of oar, or fragment from the wreck,
Batter'd, and clave with dislocating blows.
Shrieks and loud wailing filled the ocean brine,
Till all 'neath eye of swarthy night was lost.
430
But all our losses, though for ten whole days
I told them over, could I not recount.
Of this be sure, that never in one day
Perished of men so vast a multitude.
ATOSSA
Woe! Woe! Of ills a mighty sea hath burst
On Persia, and on all the Asian race.
MESSENGER
Be thou assured, but half our loss thou knowest;
Upon them came calamity so vast
As twice to overweigh the ills yet told.
ATOSSA
What Fortune could than this more hostile be?
440
Say, what this woe which came, as thou dost state,
Upon the host, charged with still heavier bale?
MESSENGER
All Persia's sons, in fairest bloom of life,
Bravest of soul, pre-eminent by birth,
And to the king himself still first in trust,—
These died ignobly, by inglorious doom.
ATOSSA
Ah wretched me, my friends, for deadly chance!
But say, what form of ruin these o'erwhelm'd?
MESSENGER
An isle there is that fronteth Salamis,
Small, with bad anchorage, whose sea-washed beach
450
Dance-loving Pan doth haunt; thither the King
Sendeth these chiefs, that, when the worsted foe
Should in the isle seek safety, Persia's sons
Might slay the host of Hellas, easy prey,
And from the briny channels save their friends,
Ill-guessing the to-come: for when the god
The Hellenès crowned with glory of the fight,
On that same day, with shields of well-wrought brass
Fencing their bodies, from their ships they leapt,
And the whole isle encompassed; so our men
460
Knew not which way to turn; oft time by stones
Pelted from foeman's hand, while arrows keen,
Thick raining from the bow-string, smote them down;
Rushing at last with simultaneous shout,
The Hellenès hacked and carved the victims' limbs,
Till they, poor wretches, all of life were reaved.
But Xerxes groaned, seeing the depth of ills;
For on a lofty height, hard by the sea,
His seat he held, o'erlooking all the host.
His garments rending, a shrill cry he raised,
470
To his land troops forthwith dispatch'd command,
And sped in flight disordered. Thine it is
To wail this sorrow added to the first.
ATOSSA
O hateful Demon, how thou hast belied
The hopes of Persians! Bitter punishment
'Gainst famous Athens hath my son devised;
Nor did the deaths suffice of Asia's host
Whom Marathon destroyed; for them my son
Thought to exact requital, but instead,
Upon himself hath drawn this host of ills.
480
But speak, the ships that have destruction 'scaped,—
Where didst thou leave them? This canst clearly tell?
MESSENGER
Of the surviving ships the captains straight
Before the wind took flight in disarray.
But of the host the remnant met their death
In the Bœotians' land. Some pressed with thirst
Round sparkling fount, some breathless, spent by toil. *
Thence crossed we over to the Phocian land,
To soil of Doris and the Melian gulf,
Whose plain Spercheios' stream with kindly draught
Waters; thereafter the Achaian soil,
490
And cities of Thessalians us received,
Straitened for food; there died the greater part
Of thirst and hunger, for both ills befel.
Magnesia and the Macedonian land
Traversed we then, far as to Axios' ford,
To Bolbe's marshy reed, and to the height
Of Mount Pangaios and the Edonian land;
But on that night, winter, out of due time,
Some god aroused, who Strymon's holy stream
Through its whole course congealed; then who before
The gods had held for nought, with fervent prayers
500
Invoked them now, bowing to earth and sky.
When from their frequent orisons the host
Had ceased, the stream's firm crystal straight they cross;
Then those among us who their march began,
Ere the god darted forth his rays, were saved;
For, flaming with his beams, the sun's bright orb
Pierced the mid river, warming with his blaze;
Then each on other fell, and blest was he
Whoever earliest snapt the breath of life.
But the poor remnant, they who safety found,
510
With toil and many a hardship crossing Thrace,
Rescued, arrive, not many, to a land
Of hearths domestic. Now let Susa groan,
Sore yearning for our country's much-loved youth.
True are these things, but many ills untold
I leave, which God upon the Persians hurled.
7
CHORUS
O baleful Demon! with what heavy weight
Thy feet have trampled on all Persia's race!
ATOSSA
Ah, woe is me for ruin of the host!
Oh nightly vision manifest in dreams,
520
To me how surely didst thou ills portend!
To the Chorus.
But ye too lightly did interpret it. Nathless, since your response did sanction this, First, I desire to supplicate the gods; Then, bringing from my house libations, gifts To Earth and to the Manes, I will come; Too late, I know, for evils past recall, But more auspicious may the future prove! Meanwhile 'tis meet that, touching these events, Ye faithful counsel with the faithful hold. 530 My son, ere my return, should he arrive, Console ye, and escort him to his home, Lest to these ills some further ill accrue.
CHORUS
O sovereign Zeus, who Persia's host
Countless and boasting loud
Hast now destroyed,
Lo! Susa and Agbatana
By thee are wrapt in sorrow's murky shroud.
And many a maid her mantling vest
With tender hands now teareth;
540
While drenching tears bedew her breast,
The general grief that shareth.
And Persia's women, delicate in woe,
Longing their new-wed lords to see again,
Their bridal couch with dainty covers dight,
Abandon'd now, their tender youth's delight,
With sateless moan complain;
While I, in fitting strain,
Wail for the fates of those in death laid low.
ATOSSA
My friends, whoso is versed in sorrow, knows
600
That when on mortals comes a surge of ills,
Prone are they then to fear; but when the tide
Of fortune smoothly glides, fondly they trust
That the same fortune still will waft them on.
So now to me are all things full of fear;
Woes sent of Heaven are present to mine eyes;
Rings in mine ear a cry, no pæan strain:
Such terror from these evils scares my soul.
Wherefore without my car and wonted pomp,
Once more I issue from my home, and bring
610
To my son's royal sire, libations kind,
Whate'er is soothing to the honoured dead.
White milk, sweet draught from heifer undefiled;
The flower-distiller's dew, translucent honey,
And crystal water drawn from virgin spring;
Here joyance too I bring of ancient vine,
Draught unadulterate from mother wild;
From pale green olive-tree, that while it lives
With constant leafage blooms, this odorous fruit;
And wreathèd flowers, brood of all-teeming Earth.
620
But, O my friends, chant ye well-omened hymns
O'er these libations offered to the dead;
Darius' mighty ghost do ye invoke,
While I, these honours, which the earth shall drink,
Myself will send to deities below.
CHORUS
O royal lady, to whom Persians bow,
Do thou, to halls below, libations send,
While we in solemn lay
Those who escort the dead will pray
Beneath the earth their gracious aid to lend.
Dread Powers who dwell below,
630
Hermes and Earth and Thou,
Monarch of Hades, do ye now
His spirit to the light upsend;
For, if a cure for these dire ills he know,
633
Alone of mortals he may speak the end.
DARIUS
O faithful of the faithful, ye whilome
My youth's compeers, elders of Persia, say
With what sore travail travaileth the state?
The land, breast-smitten and with furrowed cheek, *
Moaneth, and I, beholding near my tomb
680
My consort, troubled am, but graciously
Her off'rings I received; ye also stand
Lifting the dirge beside my sepulchre,
And, shouting loud with shade-evoking strains,
Piteously call me: but the upward path
Lies not too open; for the gods below
More ready are to seize than to let loose.
Yet, rank among them holding, I am come;
But haste, that time rebuke not my delay.
What this new ill that weighs the Persians down?
10
CHORUS
To look upon thee awes me;
690
To speak before thee awes me:
By ancient fear subdued.
DARIUS
But since from Hades I have come, by thy complaints persuaded,
Give to mine ear no long discourse, but tell thy tale concisely;
Laying aside thine awe of me, reveal the whole full quickly.
CHORUS
I tremble to obey thee,
Tremble to speak before thee
Things harsh for friends to hear.
DARIUS
Well, since thine ancient reverence thy spirit thus impedeth,
Hoar partner of my royal couch, do thou, much honoured lady,
700
These cries and lamentations leave, and somewhat tell distinctly.
That upon mortal men should come afflictions, is but human.
Many calamities by sea, many by land still happen
To mortals, if to wider scope their life should be extended.
ATOSSA
O thou in happy fortune blest beyond the lot of mortals,
In envied glory, while thine eyes still gazed upon the sunlight,
Leading a life of happiness, a god unto the Persians.
Happy, in sooth, I deem thee now, dying before thou sawest
Our depth of ill. Thou in brief space the tale shall hear, Darius.
In utter ruin, so to speak, prostrate lies Persia's fortune.
710
DARIUS
How, prithee? Came contagion's blast or discord o'er the city?
ATOSSA
By neither, but near Athens' walls hath our whole host been routed.
English (E. D. A. Morshead, 1908) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylus, Persians — Morshead translation. Wikisource transcription; speech corresp and card milestones aligned to Smyth perseus-grc2.) — 1 focus
Away unto the Grecian land
1
Hath passed the Persian armament:
We, by the monarch's high command,
We are the warders true who stand,
Chosen, for honour and descent,
5
To watch the wealth of him who went—
Guards of the gold, and faithful styled
By Xerxes, great Darius' child!
But the king went nor comes again—
And for that host, we saw depart
10
Arrayed in gold, my boding heart
Aches with a pulse of anxious pain,
Presageful for its youthful king!
No scout, no steed, no battle car
Comes speeding hitherward, to bring
15
News to our city from afar!
Erewhile they went, away, away,
From Susa, from Ecbatana,
From Kissa's timeworn fortress grey,
Passing to ravage and to war—
20
Some upon steeds, on galleys some,
Some in close files, they passed from home,
All upon warlike errand bent—
Amistres, Artaphernes went,
Astaspes, Megabazes high,
25
Lords of the Persian chivalry,
Marshals who serve the great king's word,
Chieftains of all the mighty horde!
Horsemen and bowmen streamed away,
Grim in their aspect, fixed to slay,
30
And resolute to face the fray!
With troops of horse, careering fast,
Masistes, Artembáres passed:
Imaeus too, the bowman brave,
Sosthánes, Pharandákes, drave—
35
And others the all-nursing wave
Of Nilus to the battle gave;
Came Susiskánes, warrior wild,
And Pegastágon, Egypt's child:
Thee, brave Arsámes! from afar
40
Did holy Memphis launch to war;
And Ariomardus, high in fame,
From Thebes the immemorial came,
And oarsmen skilled from Nilus' fen,
A countless crowd of warlike men:
45
And next, the dainty Lydians went—
Soft rulers of a continent—
Mitragathes and Arcteus bold
In twin command their ranks controlled,
And Sardis town, that teems with gold,
50
Sent forth its squadrons to the war—
Horse upon horse, and car on car,
Double and triple teams, they rolled,
In onset awful to behold.
From Tmolus' sacred hill there came
55
The native hordes to join the fray,
And upon Hellas' neck to lay
The yoke of slavery and shame;
Mardon and Tharubis were there,
Bright anvils for the foemen's spear!
60
The Mysian dart-men sped to war,
And the long crowd that onward rolled
From Babylon enriched with gold—
Captains of ships and archers skilled
To speed the shaft, and those who wield
65
The scimitar;—the eastern band
Who, by the great king's high command,
Swept to subdue the western land!
Gone are they, gone—ah, welladay!
The flower and pride of our array;
70
And all the Eastland, from whose breast
Came forth her bravest and her best,
Craves longingly with boding dread—
Parents for sons, and brides new-wed
For absent lords, and, day by day,
75
Shudder with dread at their delay!
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1854; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (Aeschylos. Deutsch in den Versmaßen der Urschrift. Stuttgart: Hoffmann, 1854. Native Donner line citations, Smyth card correspondence, selected textual readings and metrical facsimiles. Remaining OCR differences and unattributed reading notes are documented in the linked review inventory.) — 1 focus
Von dem persischen Volk, das in Hellas' Gefild 1 2
1
Auszog, steh'n hier die Getreuen des Reichs,
Für die Wohnungen, die reich prangen in Gold,
Als Hüter bestellt, die Xerxes selbst,
Mein König und Herr, des Dareios Sohn,
5
Nach Alter und Stand
Auswählte, des Landes zu wachen.
Doch unheilahnend erbebt schon jetzt
Mir unruhvoll in den Tiefen der Brust
Mein zagendes Herz, ob der Fürst und das Heer,
10
Hellstrahlend von Gold, heimkehren im Glück.
Denn der Jünglinge Kraft aus Asia's Gau'n
Zog all' in den Kampf,
Und weder zu Fuß kommt, weder zu Roß,
Botschaft in die persische Heimat.
15
Fern zogen sie aus von Ekbatana dort,
Aus Susa hier und dem alten Bezirk
Der kissinischen Burg,
Heerschaaren zu Roß, Heerhausen zu Schiff,
Und Streiter zu Fuß,
20
Sturmgleich sich ergießend im Heerstrom.
Artaphernes gebeut und Amistres hier,
Megabazes auch und Astaspes dort
In den Reihen des Volks,
Selbst Könige sie, dem Erhabensten nur
25
Dienstbar, Feldherrn des gewaltigen Heers,
Auf schäumendem Roß, mit dem Bogen bewehrt,
Graunweckend im Kampf und furchtbar zu schau'n
In des Muths ausharrendem Troße.
Artembares dann, hoch kämpfend zu Roß,
30
Masistres zugleich und Imäos der Held,
Mit dem Bogen bewehrt, Pharandakes auch,
Und der Tummler der Rosse, Sosthanes.
Viel sandte sodann des gewaltigen Nil
Fruchtwallendes Thal, erst Susiskan,
35
Dann Pegastagon, Aegyptens Sohn,
Und der heiligen Memphis mächtigen Herrn,
Arsames, Ariomardos auch,
Der Theben beherrscht, das ogygische Land,
Und der Ruderer Kern, der die Sümpfe bewohnt,
40
Streitbar, ein unendlich Gewimmel.
Ein üppiger Schwarm aus Lydia folgt
Mit den Völkern, die rings auf dem Festland hier
Anbauen das Feld, die Mitrogathes führt
Und Arkteus, Könige, waltend mit Macht;
45
Auch Sardes, die Goldstadt, sendet zum Kampf
Viel reisiges Volk auf Wagen daher,
Vierspännige Reih'n, sechsspännige Reih'n,
Ein grausenerregender Anblick!
Und die Schleudererschaar aus mysischen Gau'n
50
Und das Volk am heiligen Tmolos droht,
Will Hellas umfah'n mit der Knechtschaft Joch,
Von Mardon geführt, von Tharybis auch,
Ambossen des Speers. Auch Babylon schickt
Aus dem goldenen Sik in rauschendem Zug
55
Buntwimmelndes Volk, hier Kämpfer zu Schiff,
Dort Meister, der Kunst des Geschosses gewiß.
Aus Asia folgt, was im weiten Gebiet
Sich mit Schwertern bewehrt,
Dem gewaltigen Rufe des Königs.
60
Solch blühendes Volk aus Persis' Reich
Zog fern in den Kampf:
Ganz Asia seufzt als die Mutter um sie
In der Sehnsucht heißem, zermalmendem Schmerz,
Und es ängstigen sich um die schleichende Zeit
65
Tagzählende Frauen und Mütter.
Erste Strophe.

Notes on the current edition

Persians

1. Δαρειογενὴς Fa: δαρειογενὴς: δαρείου υἱὸς M codd. plures
2. πολυχρύσου recc.: πολυχρύσους M
3. ᾤχωκε recc.: οἴχωκε M [Et hic et alibi cum edd. recentioribus Atticam formam restitui. In ipsius poetae scriptura constat sane inter οἴχωκε et ᾤχωκε, ὄλλυσαν (461) et ὤλλυσαν, οἰακοστρόφουν (767) et ᾠακοστρόφουν nihil interfuisse: in hac tamen fabula tot Ionicorum verborum extant exempla, ut cetera quoque, quae in codd. ita scripta inveniantur, fortasse non debeant mutari. Credas enim hoc Aeschylum voluisse, tanquam Persis aptius foret Ionice loqui. (W. Headlam)]
4. Α᾽γβατάνων Brunck: ἐκβατάνων codd.
5. κίσσιον Blomfield: κίσσινον codd.
6. τοὶ bis Blomfield: οἱ bis codd.
7. ἀρταφρένης (ex ἀρταφέρνης factum) M: Α᾽ρταφέρνης plerique codd.
8. Μεγαβάτης V recc. aliquot: μεταβάτης M
9. εὐτλήμονι recc.: ἐν τλήμονι M V
10. Μασίστης (Herod. 7. 82): μασίστρης M
11. Μιτρογαθὴς recc. duo: μητρογάθης M G
12. τρίρρυμα recc.: τίρρυμα M
13. στεῦται rec. et schol. M: στεῦνται ( ν puncto notata) M
14. πελάτης Weil: πελάται codd.
15. δούλιον Scaliger: δούλειον codd.
16. καὶ omittit G
17. περὶ M
18. Α᾽σιᾶτις Dindorf: ἀσιῆτις M

Commentary

Critical apparatus to The Persians (OCR draft) (Latin and Greek critical apparatus to Gottfried Hermann's 1852 edition of The Persians.) focus

2. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-1

πιστὰ:
πίστα
M. Vit. Ald. Rob.
πιστά
Lips.
πιστὰ
G. Turn.

3. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-2

ἀφνεῶν:
ἀφνεῶν
M. Vit. Lips. edd. vett. et
ει
superscripto Par. B.
ἀφνειών
G, Ven. B. aliique. καὶ:
τῶν
pro
καὶ
Lips. Rob.

4-5. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-3

ἑδράνων φύλακες, κατὰ πρεσβείαν: Verba
ἑδράνων φύλακες κατὰ πρεσβείαν
in Vit. omissa, sed a pr. manu in fine paginae post verba
ὅ τε τοξοδάμας ἐσθλὸς
v. 31. scripta sunt, signo addito, quo error corrigatur, et adiecta hac adnotatione,
λήθη γέγονε καὶ οὐκ ἐτέθη ὁ τοιοῦτος στίχος εἰς τὴν τάξιν τούτου
.

6. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-4

Δαρειογενὴς:
δαρειογενὴς δαρείου υἱὸς
M. Vit. Lips. Ven. A. aliique et Ald.
δαρειογενὴς υἱὸς δαρείου
G,
δαρειογενὴς υἱὸς
Par. F.

8. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-5

βασιλείῳ:
νώστω τῷ βασιλείου
, superscripto ultimis litteris
ω
, Lips.

9. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-6

πολυχρύσου στρατιᾶς:
πολυχρύσους στρατιάς
M, Par. L.

10. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-7

ὀρσολογεῖται:
ὀρσολοπεῖται
M. et inde Victorius.
ὀρσοπολεῖται
G. Vit. Ven. A. B. aliique et Ald. Rob. Turn. In G. ad
ε
superscriptum
ι
. Hesychius
ὀρσολοπεῖται, διαπολεμεῖται, ταράσσεται. Αἰσχύλος
. Cognatum videtur
ὀρσόλοπος
cum vocabulis
ὀλόπτειν
ex
λέπω
facto et
ὁλοφώιος
et excitatorem vellicationis ac proinde turbae et tumultus significare.

11. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-8

ἔσωθεν δὲ βαΰζει:
ἔσωθεν
Lips. Omittit Vit.
δὲ βαΰζει
hic non habent libri.

12. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-9

Ἀσιατογενής:
ἀσιατιγενής
Turn.
Ἀσιητιγενής
Blomfieldius. Repugnare hanc formam analogiae monuit Lobeckius ad Phryn. p. 646.

13. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-10

οἴχωκε νέων:
οἴχωκεν ἐον δ'
M.
οἴχωκε νέον δ'
G. Rob.
οἴχωκεν νέον δ'
Lips.
ᾤχωκε νέον
, sine particula, Vit.
ᾤχωκε νέον δ'
Ald. Turn. V. de hoc verbo Lobeckium ad Soph. Ai. v. 896. Scholiastes
γράψεται καὶ ἑόν, ἤτοι τὸν ἴδιον ἄνδρα
. Post
νέον δ'
, vel, ut Vit. habet,
νέον
, omnes libri addunt
ἄνδρα βαΐζει
. In explicandis his verbis iam antiqui interpretes in diversa abierunt. Alii enim
θυμός
, alii
Ἀσία
ad
βαΐζει
intelligendum putarunt. Audaciorem manum, sed parum feliciter, admovit Valckenarius, cuius ipsa verba cognoscere operae pretium est. Sic igitur ille ad Eur. Phoen. v. 1489. In Aeschyli Persis sic vulgatur v. 12. et 13.
πᾶσα γὰρ ἰσχὺς Ασιατογενής οἴχωκε· νέον δ᾽ ἄνδρα βαΰζει.
In his dum clauditur sententia, versus requiritur paroemiacus, quo sponte ducil in ultimis modulus
δρα βαΰζει
. Sed quis obsecro vel quae regio Bable;
Ἀσία
respondet scholiastes, huiusque vestigiis insistens Stanleius. Quid illa latratu requirit?
νέον ἄνδρα
sic iuventutem appellassel Aeschylus. Quantivis pretii lectionem servavit scholiastes:
γράψεται
, inquit,
καὶ ἑόν, ἤτοι τὸν ἴδιον ἄνδρα
. Hoc ita placet, ut alterum tamen
νέον
non reiecerim: hanc vocem, in antiquis exemplaribus hoc in loco leclam, suspicor oculos fefellisse describentis, ut duas intermedias praetermiserit, quarum altera desierit in easdem lilleras: has utinam nobis vir clarissimus Antonius Askewius ex codd. vetustis revocaret. Interim lubet hariolari. Suspicor basin anapaesticam hic praecessisse versum paroemiacum, atque ita scripsisse tragicum:
πᾶσα γὰρ ἰσχὺς Ασιατογενὴς ᾤχωκε νέον, [Περσὶς δ᾽ ἑὸν] ἄνδρα βαΰζει.
Quae vulgatis esse meliora non diffitebitur in tragicis exercitatissimus Anglus: reliqui, si qui Persida sic mirabuntur ab Asia distinctam, legant ex eodem dramate v. 249. 250.
ὦ γῆς ἁπάσης Ασιάδος πολίσματα, ὦ Περσίς αλα καὶ πολὺς λιμήν
, et seqq. conf. v. 59. et seqq. 512. 548. 925. Illud '
οἴχωκε
(nam si quis Aeschyleam veterem praeoptaret scripturam,
ΟΙΚΟΚΕ
foret reponendum)
νέον
, id est
νεωστί
, peropportunum est et Aeschyleum; in huius Prom. v. 954.
Νέον νέοι κρατεῖτε
· Schol. recte,
Νέον
, inquit,
νεωστί· οὐ γὰρ ἀρχαία ὑμῶν ἡ βασιλεία
. Bacchum, cuius adspernabatur sacra,
τὸν νεωστὶ δαίμονα
vocat Pentheus in Eurip. Bacch. v. 219. et in his Phoen. 1637. novellum Regem exosa Antigone
τὸν νεωστὶ κοίρανον
. frequens
ἥκω νεωστί
, Aeschylus Agam. v. 1634.
ἥκοντας ἐκ μάχης νέον
. est illud Homericum, Sophocli nusquam, in Euripideis semel adhibitum. Doleas hic, ut alibi non semel, obrutum doctrinae copia iudicium viri praestantissimi. Nam ne quid dicam de paroemiaco, qui hic ne placere quidem potest, quum vis sententiae in sequentibus verbis insit, quis credat poetam
ᾤχωκε νέον
scripsisse, quum, si nuper abiisset exercitus, ridiculum foret sollicitos esse qui domi manserant. Immo iam diu abesse exercitum necesse erat, si illi metuerent, idque ipse poeta, ut par erat, indicavit non modo his verbis,
κοὔτε τις ἄγγελος, οὔτε τις ἱππεὺς ἄστυ τὸ Περσῶν ἀφικνεῖται
, sed apertius etiam infra v. 64.
τοκέες δ᾽ ἄλοχοί θ' ἡμερολεγδὸν τείνοντα χρόνον τρομέονται
. Verum in vulgata scriptura explicanda et illud perdurum atque adeo ineptum est,
θυμός
ad
βαΰζει
intelligere, nec probari potest illorum sententia, qui
Ἀσία
ex
Ἀσιατογενής
repetunt. Quod nego fieri posse servato
νέον ἄνδρα
. Nam quum in adiectivo latet genitivus nominis, quod ad sequentia intelligendum est, ita oportet conformatam esse orationem, ut quid intelligendum sit vel ex pronomine aliquo vel alio modo appareat. Sic in illo Euripidis Hec. 22.
πατρῴα θ' ἑστία κατεσκάφη, αὐτὸς δὲ βωμῷ πρὸς θεοδμήτῳ πιτνεῖ,
ubi alia exempla attulit Porsonus, e pronomine cognoscimus sermonem esse de Priamo: omisso pronomine uterque versus non posset non de domo Priami intelligi. Quae in scholiis commemoratur scriptura,
ἑὸν δ' ἄνδρα βαΰζει
, correctio esse videtur alicuius grammatici, qui quod vulgatae scripturae sensum hunc esse animadverteret, exercitus novum militem requirit, ineptum id esse videns, verba illa in hanc sententiam accipienda putavit, omnis Asiae potentia periit, suamque requirit iuventutem. At ita poeta verbis usus esset ineptissimis.
βαΰζει
scholiastae per
ἀνακαλεῖται
reddunt. Sed nec demonstrata est ea significatio, et, si haec esset sententia, non solum repeteretur quod modo dictum est, verum etiam interpellaretur explicatio caussae cur mala praesagiat animus. Videtur error ex eo ortus esse, quod omissum antea et deinde in margine adscriptum erat
δὲ βαΰζει
: tum librarius aliquis, quo loco reponenda essent, nesciens, post
ΝΕΟΝ
, quod non vidit esse
νέων
, ea addidit adiecitque explicandi caussa
ἄνδρα
. Aeschylum credibile est scripsisse
ἀμφὶ δὲ νόστῳ τῷ βασιλείῳ κακόμαντις ἄγαν ὀρσολοπεῖται θυμός, ἔσωθεν δὲ βαΰζει.
Similiter dixit in Agam. v. 429.
τὰ δὲ σῖγά τις βαΰζει
. Sic igitur hos versus conformavi.

14. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-11

κοὔτε:
κ᾽ οὐτέ τις
et
οὐτέ τις
M.

15. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-12

τὸ:
τὸ
, non
τe
, etiam M. habere videtur.

16. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-13

Ἐκβατάνων: M. Lips. Libri omnes
ἐκβατάνων
, nisi quod Lips.
ἐκβάταν
.. habet. Brunckius
Ἀγβατάνων
dedit, ut antiquiorem formam, auctore Wesselingio ad Herod. I. 98. Sed Stephanus Byzantius in
Ἀγβάτανα
, ubi pluribus disserit de diversa huius nominis scriptura,
παρὰ δὲ τοῖς ἀρχαίοις
, inquit,
διὰ τοῦ κ τὸ Περσικόν, ὡς δειχθήσεται
.

17. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-14

καὶ:
εἰς
pro
καὶ
Rob. Κίσσινον:
κίσσινον
a pr. manu Vit. a sec. ante
o
insertum
ν
. Blomfieldius ex coniectura
Κίσσιον
. Non recte, etsi laudandus est quod haesitavit in perrara terminatione adiectivi a nomine gentili derivati. Ex analogia enim dici debebat
Κισσιακόν
. Sed ita etiam in Prom. v. 812.
Βυβλίνων ὀρῶν ἄπο
. Ceterum quod
Κίσσινον ἕρκος
appellat Aeschylus, re vera non diversum erat a Susis, licet illi ita visum sit. V. Herod. V. 49. et 52. Strabo XIV. p. 728. A.
λέγονται δὲ καὶ Κίσσιοι οἱ Σούσιοι
. Stanleius, qui Cissiam urbem a Ptolemaeo commemorari ait, fallitur. Regionem ille, non urbem dicit, distinguens tamen ut partem a Susiana.

18. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-15

ἔβαν:
ἔβαν
, superscripto posteriori vocali
η
, Lips.

19. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-16

οἳ δ': Verba
οἳ δ' ἐπὶ ναῶν
, usque ad
Μεγαβάτης
v. 23. affert Triclinius ad Soph. El. 157.
οἱ δ'
G. Vit. Ald. Rob.
οἳ δ'
M. Lips. Turn. ναῶν:
νηῶν
M. Vit.
ναῶν
, superscripto
η
, Lips.
νηῶν τε
Mosc.

20. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-17

πεζοί τε βάδην: Post
πεζοί τε βάδην
aliquid excidisse cogitari potest. Certe egregie huc quadraret, quod apud Hesychium sine auctore legitur,
ὁλκή· ἡ φαρέτρα
, addita explicatione
πολλοὶ τοξόται
. Vtique
βάδην
ad sequentia referendum, neque, ut Blomfieldius fecit,
πεζοὶ βάδην
iungenda.

21. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-18

στῖφος:
στύφος
M.
στῖφος
G. Vit. Lips. edd. ante Brunckium.

22. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-19

οἷος:
οἷος
a sec. manu, nam antea videtur fuisse
οἳ
, Vit. Ἀμίστρης:
ἀμνίστρης
Vit. Ven. A.
ἀμνήστρης
Ald.
ἀμήτρης
Rob.
ἀμίστρης
M. G. Lips. Turn. Apud Herodotum
Ἄμηστρις
nomen est uxoris Xerxis. In hac Aeschyli fabula infra v. 315. nomen viri est et fortasse eiusdem de quo hic agitur. Vt ibi plerique libri
ἄμηστρις
habent, ita hoc loco idem legitur in editionibus veteribus scholiastae Sophoclis. ἠδ':
ἠδ'
M.
ἠδ'
Lips. Ἀρταφρένης:
ἀρταφρένης
, cum unius litterae litura post
ε
, M.
ἀρταφρένης
, superscripto ad secundam syllabam
ι
, Mosc.
ἀρταφέρνης
G. Lips. aliique.

23. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-20

Μεγαβάτης:
μεγαβάτης
M. Vit. Ven. A. B.
μεταβάτης
Mosc. Ald.
μεγαβάζης
G. Lips. Rob. Turn. et sic apud Triclinium. Ab Herodoto VII. 97. commemoratur
Μεγάβαζος ὁ Μεγαβάτεω
. ἠδ':
ἠδ'
M. Lips. Ἀστάσπης:
ἀστάσπης
M. G. Lips. Par. B. Turn.
ἀστάπης
Ven. A. Mosc. aliique et Ald. Rob. et a sec. manu Vit.
ἀσπάτης
a pr. manu Vit.
ἀστάπης
Par. G. γρ.
καὶ ἀστάσπις
Par. B.
Ἀσπάσπης
varia lectio apud Turnebum. Non inepte quaerit Stanleius idemne sit hic qui ad Herodoto VII. 64.
Ὑστάσπης
vocetur.

25. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-21

βασιλῆς:
βασιλῆς
M. G. Turn.
βασιλεῖς
Vit. Lips. aliique et Ald. Rob. βασιλέως:
βασιλέως
, superscripto
ι
, Lips.

26. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-22

σοῦνται:
σοῦντον
Lips.

27. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-23

τοξοδάμαντές:
τοξοδάμαντον
Mosc. τ':
τ'
omittunt G. Vit. ἠδ':
ἠδ'
pro
ἠδ'
Mosc.
ἠδ'
M.
ἠδ'
, priore littera a sec. manu in litura, Vit.
ἠδ'
Lips.

29. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-24

εὐτλήμονι:
ἐν τλήμονι
M. Vit. Lips. Ven. A. B. Ald. Turn.
εὐτλήμονι
Par. A. B. et e corr. pr. manus G. quum antea fuisset
ἀτλήμονι
, quod est in Rob.

30. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-25

Ἀρτεμβάρης:
ἀρτημβάρης
G.
ἀρτεμβάρης
, superscripto
o
ad
e
, Lips.
ἀρτεμβάρης
M. Vit. et reliqui. Sic hoc nomen scribitur v. 297. 945. et apud Herodotum I. 114. 115. 116. IX. 122. ἱππιοχάρμης:
ἱπποχάρμης
Lips.

31. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-26

Μασίστρης: Infra v. 944. libri meliores et plerique
Μασίστρας
. Apud Herodotum
Μασίστης
nomen est VII. 82. IX. 107. 113.
Μασίστιος
VII. 79. IX. 20. 24.

32. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-27

Ἰμαῖος:
ἱμαῖος
M.
ἱμαῖος
G. Lips.
Ἰμαῖος
Vit. edd. Φαρανδάκης:
φαρανδάκης
libri etiam v. 932. Apud Herodotum aliosque invenitur
Φαρανδάτης
: v. Wesselingium ad Her. p. 726, 86.

33. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-28

ἵππων τ᾽ ἐλατὴρ Σωσθάνης:
ἵππων ἐλατὴρ
Colb. 1. Ox. Par. C. Ald. Turn.
θ' σωσθάνης
Ald.
καὶ σωσθάνης
Turn.
σοσθένης
M. Cantabr. 2. Mosc.
σουσθάνης
Vit.
σοσθένης
Ven. B.
σωσθένης
G. Cantabr. 1. Par. L.
σωσθάνης
Lips. Rob. Guil. Kieserus coniecit
τ' Ὀστάνης
, afferens Diogenem Laertium prooem. 2. Plinium H. N. XXX. 1. Suidam in
Ὀστᾶναι
et in
ἀστρονομία
.

35. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-29

ἔπεμψεν:
ἔπεμψεν
M. Rob.
ἔπεμψε
G. Vit. Lips. Ald. Turn. Schol.
τινὲς διαιροῦσι τὸ σουσισκάνης καὶ πηγὰς καὶ ταγών
.

36. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-30

Πηγασταγὼν:
πηγαστάγων
M.
πηγασταγὼν
G. Lips. Par. B. Ald. Turn.
πηγὰσταγών
, priore accentu postea expuncto, Vit.
πηγὰς τ' ἀγὼν
Rob. γρ.
πηγάς τ' ἄγων ἄρχων
adnotatum in G. γρ.
πηγὰς τ᾽ ἀγὼν
margo Lips. γρ.
πηγὰς ταγὼν
Par. B.
πηγὰς ταγὼν
Cantabr. 1. Etiam in scholiis, ut vidimus, adnotatum est a nonnullis divisim scribi
πηγὰς ταγών
. Αἰγυπτογενής:
αἰγυπτογενὴς
M. Lips. Ven. A. Mosc. Ox. Par. L. Ald. Turn.
αἰγυπτιογενὴς
G. Vit. Ven. B. Rob.

37. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-31

Μέμφιδος: Hunc versum et sequentis verba duo priora habet Photius p. 258, 4.
μεμφίδος
G. Turn.
μέμφιδος
Vit.

38. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-32

μέγας:
μέγας'
Lips. Mosc. Ἀρσάμης:
Ἀρσάκης
apud Photium. Sed
Ἀρσάμης
legitur etiam v. 303. et apud Herodotum VII. 69. ὠγυγίους:
Ὠγυγίους
M. G. Lips. Ven. B. Par. A. B. C.
ὠγυγίας
Vit. Ald. Turn.
ὠγυγίου
Rob.

40. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-33

ἑλειοβάται:
ἐλειοβάται
Vit. Lips.

41. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-34

ἀνάριθμοι:
ἀνάριθμοι
Ven. B. Colb. 1. Par. C. Turn.
ἀνάριθμοι
Cantabr. 2.
πλῆθος τ' ἀνάριθμοι
. γρ.
πλῆθος καὶ τ' ἀνάριθμον
Par. B.

42. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-35

ἁβροδιαίτων:
ἁβραδιαίτων
Lips. ἕπεται:
ὅπεται
Vit. Ald. Rob.

43. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-36

ἐπίπαν:
ἐπὶ πᾶν
, ut ante lituram
πᾶν
scriptum fuisse videatur, M. De mensura vocis
ἐπίπαν
, de qua etiam Blomfieldius dixit, videndus est in primis Boeckhius in dissertatione quam Germanice scripsit de critica tractatione Pindari p. 82. seqq. ἠπειρογενὲς:
ἠπειρογενεῖς
ante sec. manus correctionem Vit. Blomfieldium, qui recte observavit noluisse Aeschylum Ionum mentionem facere, sed comprehendere eos nomine Lydorum, quorum intra fines sex urbes Ionicas sitas esse dixerit Herodotus I. 142. miror in constructione verborum haesisse. Nam ex illa ipsa observatione patet sensum esse Lydi, qui omnes continentis incolas comprehendunt, i. e. etiam eos qui non sunt Lydi, Ionas.

44. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-37

Μιτρογαθής:
μιτρογαθὴς
M. G. Cantabr. 1. Par. C.
μιτραγαθὴς
Vit.
μιτραγαθὴς
Ven. A, Ald. Rob. Turn. et
ι
primae syllabae, alteri
o
superscriptis, Par. B.
μιτρογαθὴς
Par. L.
μιτρογαθὴς
Lips. Par. A. Hoc cum Brunckio praeferendum videtur. Persica nomina apud Herodotum sunt
Μιτραδάτης
I. 121. οι
Μιτροβάτης
III. 120. 126. 127.

45. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-38

Ἀρκτεύς:
ἀρκτεὺς
M. Lips. Ven. A. aliique et ex corr. G. quum antea
ἀρκτὸς
fuisset.
ἀρητεὺς
Rob.
ἀρκεὺς
Vit. Ald. Turn.
ἀρτεύς
, supra scripto
κ
, Par. C. βασιλῆς:
βασιλῆς
M.
βασιλεῖς
Vit. Mosc. edd. vett.
βασιλῆες
G.
βασιλεῖες
Lips. δίοποι:
δίοποι
M. Turn.
δίοπτοι
G. Vit. Lips. Ven. A. B. aliique et Ald. Rob. Dicit de Aeschyleo vocabulo
δίοποι
Eustathius p. 98, 46. 203, 11. Idem p. 1705, 53. alium Aeschyli locum spectare videtur. V. fragm. 244.

46. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-39

καὶ:
καὶ
libri.
χαὶ
Blomfieldius. Hoc recepi: nam in consociatione rerum diversarum rectius adest quam abest articulus.

47. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-40

ἐξορμῶσιν:
ἐξορμῶσιν
M.
ἐξορμῶσι
G. Vit. Lips. et edd. ante Brunckium.

48. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-41

τρίρρυμα:
τίρρυμα
pro
τρίρρυμα
M.

50. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-42

στεῦται: Hic versus deest in Ox. Posterius additus est in Ven. A. Post sequentem versum collocatus est in Ald. Rob.
στεῦνται
, sed
ν
littera puncto notata, M.
στεῖται
Mosc. Explicat singularem scholion in M. Ceteri
στεῦνται
.

51. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-43

δούλιον:
δούλειον
libri.
δούλιον
scribendum esse monuit ante Stanleium Scaliger. Ἑλλάδι:
ἐλάδι
Lips.

52. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-44

Θάρυβις:
θάρυβις
. γρ.
θάρβις
G.
θάρυμβος
. γρ.
βάρβις
Lips.
θάρύθις
Ven. B.
τ' Ἀρύβις
Turn.

53. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-45

δ':
δὲ
plene Vit.

55. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-46

σύρδην:
πέμπει σύρδην. ἴσθι δέ
. γρ.
σύδην ἀντὶ τοῦ ὁρμητικῶς, οὗ ἡ χρῆσις ἐν τοῖς ἑξῆς
Par. B. Aliter quam hic
σύρδην
dictum est in Rheso v. 56.
ὦ δαῖμον, ὅςτις μ' εὐτυχοῦντ᾽ ἐνόσφισας θοίνης λέοντα, πρὶν τὸν Ἀργείων στρατὸν σύρδην ἅπαντα τῷδ᾽ ἀναλῶσαι δορί.
Ibi enim haec est sententia, priusquam ruens omnem Argivorum exercitum perderem. Magis proprie Aeschylus
σύρδην
de longo tractu magnisque catervis dicit, quibus incedentes Babylonii vias impleverint. Nam
σύρεσθαι
de fluviis et maribus frequens est apud Dionysium periegeten. Comparari potest cum nostro verbo schwemmen, ut apud eundem Dionysium legitur v. 1076.
κείμενον, οἷα κύλινδρον ἐπὶ χθονός, ὃν δ᾽ ἀπὸ πέτρης χειμερίου ποταμοῖο κάτω σύρουσι χαράδραι.
Est ergo
σύρδην
de magnis copiis dictum, quae longis tractibus quasi inundant vias, ut nos überschwemmen etiam in communi sermone de numeroso exercitu dicimus, qua metaphora Aeschylus v. 89. seqq. utitur,
μεγάλῳ ρεύματι φωτῶν
dicens et
ἄμαχον κῦμα θαλάσσης
. ναῶν:
ναῶν
, superscripto
η
ad
α
, Lips.

56. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-47

καὶ:
καὶ
omittit G. λήματι:
λήμματα
Vit. Lips. aliique et Rob.

58. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-48

ἕπεται: Post
ἕπεται
Ox. Ven. A. Ald. addunt
προτροπαῖς
. Ea voce in scholiis sequente versu
ὑποπομπαῖς
explicatur.

59. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-49

ὑπὸ πομπαῖς: Libri
ὑποπομπαῖς
, nisi forte Veneti habent
ὑπὸ πομπαῖς
. Illa scribendum esse Abreschius vidit.

60. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-50

αἴας:
γαίας
Vit.
αἴης
Par. A. B. et ut videtur Veneti.
αἴας
(non
αἴης
) M. G. Lips. edd. vett.

61. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-51

οἴχεται:
οἴχετ'
Vit.

62. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-52

οὓς πέρι:
οὓς περὶ
M.

64. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-hermann1852-appcrit-lat1-53

δ':
δ'
ex scholiastae adnotatione Blomfieldius. Libri
θ'
. ἡμερολεγδὸν:
ἡμερόλεκτον
G. e correctione. Antea fuerat
ἡμερόλεγδον
, ut in ceteris libris. Proparoxytonon est hoc adverbium apud Lucianum Lexiph. c. 9. apud Etymologum p. 429, 40. apud Photium, apud Suidam. Recte vero oxytonon apud Aristotelem Hist. An. VI. 21. Et sic volebat apud Lucianum Guyetus.

Commentary (W. S. Teuffel; revised by N. Wecklein, 1886; German; OCR draft) (Persians, explanatory commentary pp. 43–97. Single-witness OCR; source readings and all reference placements require scan review.) focus

1-64. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-1

1
2
Parodos ohne Prologos. Der Chor durchschreitet die Orchestra unter dem Takte der Anapäste des Koryphaios: erster Teil der Paro- dos, 1-64. Anapästische Dime- ter; vgl. Westphal¹ II. S. 413f. Das Auftreten des Chors wird V. 140- 149 motiviert.

1-7. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-2

3
4
In altertümlicher Ein- fachheit giebt der Chorführer selbst Aufschluſs darüber was der Chor diesmal vorstelle. τάδε, νοη näherer Bestimmung absehend, s. Kr. 43, 4. A. 15f. Vgl. 681.851. Eum. 482. Auch s. oben S. 27. πιστά, 171. 681. Xen. Anab. I 5, 15: ( Κῦρος) σὺν τοῖς παροῦσι τῶν πιστῶν. ἕδρανα, der Palast des Xerxes in Susa, wo das Schatzhaus des Königs war (Herod. V 49, Strab. XV p. 731). - κατὰ πρεσβείαν wegen ihrer Ehrwürdigkeit eit und darauf sich gründenden Zuverlässigkeit. – ἐφο- ρεύειν, Kr. 55, 3. A. 20.

8-15. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-3

5
6
Stimmung des Chors: Besorgnis um den König und das Heer. βασιλείῳ für βασιλέως. Die Dichter gebrauchen gern von Eigennamen gebildete Adjektiva statt des Genet. (Kr. II 57, 2 A. 1) und βασιλεύς hat die Bedeutung eines Eigennamens. πολύανδρος auch 73.533.898. - - ὀρσολοπεῖται, ταράσ- σεται, θορυβεῖται, Schol. – νυός, Braut, neuvermählte Gattin. Vgl. Schol. zu Eur. Hek. 321 νύμφη ἡ ἄρτι εἰς γάμον ἐρχομένη, ήτις ποιη τικῶς νυὸς λέγεται. βαΰζει, ὑλακτεί (Hesych.), ruft laut nach. Der Gedanke wie 133. ἄγγελος ein Bote zu Fufs irgend welcher Art, ἱππεύς ein reitender Staats- courier, ἄγγαρος. Über diese ἄγγα- ροι vgl. Herod. VIII 98. – ἄστυ, 178. 451. Kr. 46, 1 A. 1.

16-20. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-4

7
8
Ausführung von V. 12f. Zuerst allgemein: die von den Centren des Reichs Ausgegangenen und die verschiedenen Waffen- gattungen. οἵτε bezieht sich zu- rück auf πᾶσα ἰσχὺς Ἀσιατογενής. ᾿Αγβάτανα in den altpers. Keil- inschriften Hagmatâna, neupers. Hamadan, wahrscheinlich s. v. a. Ort der Zusammenkunft. Strabon (XIV p. 728) identifiziert Κίσσιοι und Σούσιοι; Κισσία eine Land- schaft der Provinz Susiana, Um die letzte Silbe in ἔβαν zu ver- längern, will Blomfield τοὶ μὲν schreiben. Vielleicht aber lässt sich die syllaba anceps durch den Schluſs einer selbständigen Dipodie recht- fertigen. V. 19. Wechsel der Darstellung. στίφος παρέχοντες einen dichten Haufen bildend.

21-58. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-5

9
10
Spezifikation der aus- gezogenen Generale und Völker, in epischer Weise. Die Namen nicht alle genau persisch, sondern nach ungefährem Klange gebildet. ( τὰ μὲν τῶν ὀνομάτων ἱστόρησεν, τὰ δὲ τελείως ἔπλασεν Schol.). Vgl. zu 302. Ihre Häufung erweckte in den Hörern immer von neuem das frohe Gefühl des Sieges. Τ. 21-28. Αρταφρένης Άρτα 778. Ein Führer der Lyder und Myser Αρτ. bei Herod. VII 74. Μεγαβάτης: Namen dieser Art bei Herod. VII 82. 97. – Αστάσπης: ein Υστάσπης Herod. VII 64. σοῦνται vgl. Suppl. 836. Sept. 31. Das epische τ' ἠδέ findet sich bei Äschylos noch zweimal um des Versmaſses willen (996. Sept. 862). τὲ ἠδὲ Cho. 232, sonst ἠδέ. - ψυχῆς ἐν τλήμονι πείση (in ausdauerndem Halte der Seele) nach Hom. v 23 τῷ δ᾽ ἄρα τ᾽ ἐν πείσῃ κραδίη μένε τετληυῖα.

29-32. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-6

11
12
Αρτεμβάρης (vgl. 302) Herod. I 114-116 vgl. IX 122. - Μασίστρης wie 971. Ein M ασίστης ib. VII 82. IX 107. Ein Μασίστιος ib. VII 79. IX 20. 24. Ein Φαραν- δάτης ib. VII 79. ΙΧ 76. – Σοσθά- νης, gebildet nach Analogie von Ὀστάνης (und Ὀτάνης). Über den Spondeus im dritte Fuſse des Parömiakos V. 32 u. 152 s. West- phal2 II S. 407f.

33-40. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-7

13
14
Hervorhebung der ägyptischen Mitstreiter im persi- schen Heere. Quorum in numero est Susiscanes etc. Πηγασταγὼν, nähere Bestimmung des S.: „dessen Herrschgebiet an den Quellen des Nils ist". Andere betrachten Πηγα- στάγων als Eigennamen u. schreiben Πηγαστάγων τ᾿ Αἰγυπτογενεῖς. Μέμφις s. Realenc. IV S. 1766-1776. Αρσάμης vgl. Herod. I 209. VII 11. 69. 224. ὠγύγιος 974f. Sept. 321. Eum. 1036; Bezeichnung des Uralten. Nach Windischmann Ogy- der Flutgeborene (augha sanskr. Flut). Θήβαι vor Mem- phis die Hauptstadt; vgl. Kealenc. VI 2 S. 1785. – Αριόμαρδος, Herod. VII 67. 78. Die ἕλειοι (Bewohner des Nildelta) μαχιμώτατοί εἰσι τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, Thukyd. I 110.

41-48. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-8

15
16
Vom Süden wendet sich die Aufzählung nach Norden und dann nach Osten. „Und die- jenigen (leisten Heerfolge), welche das ganze Volk auf dem Fest- land (Kleinasien) einnehmen (aus- machen)", insbesondere die klein- asiatischen Ionier (Herod. I 142), die aus Schonung hier nur indirekt genannt sind und für die in ἐξορ- μῶσιν vielleicht eine leise Ent- schuldigung (der Unfreiwilligkeit) liegt. δίοποι, ἐπιμεληταί, War- deine. Quos Arcteus et Sardes multis curribus vectos (vgl. 54) excitant. Rhythmischer und wahr- scheinlich ursprünglich ist ἅρμασι πολλοῖς, da nur die anapästisc Dipodie _normal ist, nicht tische τέλη, τάγματα, Ge- schwader. ἅρματα τέθριππα καὶ ἑξάϊππα, Schol. V. 48 vgl. 27.

49-55. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-9

17
18
στεῦται, Hom. Г 83: στεῦται γάρ τι ἔπος εἰπεῖν, vgl. Hom. ρ 525: στεῦται δ᾽ Ὀδυσῆος ἀκοῦσαι. ἱεροῦ, dem Dionysos. Vgl. Eur. Bacch. 64 ᾿Ασίας ἀπὸ γαίας ἱερὸν Τμῶλον ἀμείψασα θο- άζω – Βάκχιον εὐαζομένα. – Τμώ- λου πελάτης kollektiv. Die nähere Bestimmung wird im folgenden ge- geben. – λόγχης ἄκμονες, ἀκίνητοι ὑπὸ λόγχης, ὡς ἄκμων ὑπὸ σφυρῶν Schol., qui incudum instar hastae (hostilis) ictus inconcussi ferunt. Μυσοί nördlich von den Lydern; ἀκοντίοισι ἐχρέοντο ἐπικαύτοισι (Herod. VII 74). Zur Zeit des jüngeren Kyros waren sie vom Groſskönig nahezu unabhängig (Xen. An. III 2, 23 f.) – πολύχρυσος 9. 45. σύρδην de longo tractu magnisque catervis quibus incedentes Babylonii vias impleverint (G.H.). — τοξουλκῷ λήματι πιστούς, vertrauend auf den Mut, mit dem sie den Bogen spannen. Vgl. μονομάχον ἐπὶ φρέν᾽ ἦλθέτην Eur. Phoen. 200, μουσοποιός μέριμνα Hipp. 1428, βοηδρόμου σπουδῆς Οr. 1571.

56-58. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-10

19
20
Die Leibwache, die zehntausend (Herod. VII 55) Per- ser; vgl. Herod. VII 54: περσικὸν ξίφος, τὸ ἀκινάκην καλέουσι, ein kurzes gerades Schwert. Sub gravibus regis imperiis; Ag. 748. Choeph. 28.

59-64. mvp-aeschylus-tlg0085-tlg002-teuffel-wecklein1886-com-ger1-11

21
22
Zusammenfassung. Stimmung der Zurückgebliebenen hinsichtlich d. Ausgezogenen. Über- leitung vom epischen Teile zum lyrischen. στένεται, Sept. 872. Vgl. τρομέονται 64; εἰδόμην 179; φάσθαι 701; zu Aristoph. nub. 281. τείνοντα, μηκυνόμενον Schol. Zweiter Teil, V. 65-113. Vier Strophenpaare, vorgetragen von dem Gesamtchore, bestehend aus ionici a minori, teilweise anakla- stischen (v. 86-92. 96-101. 107= 113) oder durch Synkope in Ana- päste verwandelten. Das Maſs malt das unruhige Auf- und Abwogen der Empfindungen, das Schwanken zwischen Furcht und Hoffnung. Vgl. Westphal¹ III S. 291 ff. 314f. Nebst II 2. S. 526.