Sophocles Antigone 32

Robert Potter (Translator)

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Creon

Now descant on suspicion; but take heed,

Show me who did this act, or you shall say
325

That punishment on impious gain attends.

Antigone. Sophocles. Robert Potter (Translator). London. 1820.

Current edition Experimental

English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Robert Potter, 1788))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (12)

Greek (L. Benloew, 1858) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (L. Benloew, 1858)) — 32 focus

κἀμοὶ ¹, λέγω γὰρ κἀμὲ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (A. Boeckh, 1884) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Boeckh, 1884)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (F. H. Bothe, 1806) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. H. Bothe, 1806)) — 32 focus

κᾀμοὶ (λέγων γὰρ ἔκαμε) κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (A. Colonna, 1978) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Colonna, 1978)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (A. Dain, 1955) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. Dain, 1955)) — 32.mvp-line-32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ’ ἔχειν,

Greek (R. D. Dawe, 1979) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (R. D. Dawe, 1979)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν·

Greek (G. Hermann, 1830) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (G. Hermann, 1830)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (R. C. Jebb, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (R. C. Jebb, 1906)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Greek (A. C. Pearson, 1924) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (A. C. Pearson, 1924)) — 32.mvp-line-32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Antigone (OCR draft) Experimental (Antigone) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντʼ ἔχειν,

Greek (K. Reinhardt, 1949) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (K. Reinhardt, 1949)) — 32 focus

κἀμοί, λέγω γὰρ κἀμέ, κηρύξαντ᾽ ἔχειν,

Translations (10)

German (A. Boeckh, 1884) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (A. Boeckh, 1884)) — 32 focus

KREON

Ihr Männer, unsers Landes Glück hob Götterhuld

nach vieler Stürm' Erschüttrung sicher wiederum;

euch aber liefs ich jetzt allein aus allen mir
160

hieher bescheiden, theils dieweil mir wohl bewuſst,

wie Laios' Herrschaft stets von euch geehret ward,

dann weil, da wieder Oedipus die Stadt erhob,

und als er todt war, unter seinen Söhnen ihr

in treu ergebnem Sinne fest verharretet.
165

Nachdem nun jene durch ein zwiefach Todesloos

an Einem Tag gefallen beide, treffend und

getroffen durch der eignen Hände Frevelthat,

hab' ich die Herrschaft also, ich des Thrones Macht,

gemäfs der Todten nächster Blutsgenossenschaft.
170

Unmöglich ist es, jedes Mannes Sinnesart,

Geist und Verstand ganz zu erkennen, eh' er noch

in Staat und Ämtern thätig sich erwiesen hat.

Denn mir bedünket, wer das Haupt der ganzen Stadt,

sich nicht am besten Rathe festzuhalten weiſs,
175

ja seine Zung' aus Furcht vor wem verschlossen hält,

der gröfste Feigling dieser, und bedünkt' es längst.

Und wem anstatt des Vaterlands ein anderer

Freund höher gilt, der hat mir vollends keinen Werth.

Denn ich, das wisse Zeus, der Alles immer sieht,
180

ich schwiege doch nicht, säh' ich auf die Bürger uns

heran das Unheil schreiten an des Glückes Statt,

noch möcht' ich jemals meines Vaterlandes Feind

zu meinem Freunde machen, wohl erkennend, daſs

das Vaterland uns rettet, und an seinem Bord
185

wir glücklich schiffend auch die Freund' uns einigen.

Durch solche Satzung heb' ich diese Stadt empor,

und dem gemäſses hab' ich auch verkündiget

den Bürgern ob der Söhne jetzt des Oedipus:

Eteokles, welcher kämpfend fiel für diese Stadt,
190

defs Waffenthaten jeden Ehrenpreis verdient,

er werd' im Grab geborgen und ihm spende man

jedwedes, was den Besten folgt zur Unterwelt;

doch seinen Bruder, ihn, Polyneikes mein' ich, der

rückkehrend aus dem Banne wollt' in Feuers Glut
195

die eigne Heimath und die Götter dieses Lands

von Grund vertilgen, wollte von des eignen Stamms

Blut schlürfen, und geknechtet führen weg das Volk,

den solle niemand, lieſs ich künden dieser Stadt,

mit einem Grabmal ehren, noch wehklagen ihn,
200

nein, unbestattet liegen sein entstellter Leib,

den Vögeln Fraſs und Hunden, grauenvoll zu schaun.

Dies also ist mein Wille: nimmer werden wir

dem Schlechten Ehr' ertheilen vor dem Trefflichen;

erwähnt er wohlwill dieser Stadt, der wird im Tod
205

und Leben gleicherweise mir geehret seyn.

Spanish (J. A. Bolufer, 1921) (OCR draft) Experimental (Spanish (J. A. Bolufer, 1921)) — 32 focus

Creonte

¿Cómo, pues, vigilaréis ahora por el cumplimiento de mis órdenes?

Latin (F. H. Bothe, 1806) (OCR draft) Experimental (Latin (F. H. Bothe, 1806)) — 32 focus

Creon

Vos igitur adtendite, ut edictum observetur.

English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 32 focus

CR

Then be ye watchful to maintain my word.
215

German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 39 focus

Was kann ich, wenn dies also steht, Unselige,¹

Hier, lösend oder bindend, uns zum Frommen thun?
40

Antigone.

Sieh, ob du helfen, ob die Mühe theilen wirst

Ismene.

Bei welchem Unterfangen? Wo geräthst du hin?

Antigone.

Ob du den Todten, mir gesellt, aufnehmen willst!

Ismene.

Ihn denn bestatten willst du, dem Verbot zum Troz?

Antigone.

Ja, meinen Bruder und den deinen, wenn auch du
45

Nicht willst; denn niemals soll man mich Verrathes zeih'n!²

Ismene.

Tollkühne, während Kreon's Wort es dir verwehrt?

Antigone.

Fern halten darf mich dieser nie von meiner Pflicht.

Ismene.

Weh mir! Bedenk', o Schwester, wie der Vater uns,

Mit Haß und Hohn belastet, ruhmlos unterging,
50

Nachdem er selbst um Gräuel, die er selbst enthüllt,

Der Augen Sterne sich zerriß mit eigner Hand;

Wie dann die Mutter, Mutter ihm und Weib zugleich,

Schmachvoll mit frevlem Strange sich das Leben nahm;

Zum dritten, wie die Brüder beid' an Einem Tag
55

Im Wechselmord sich ein gemeinsam Todesloos,

Die Armen, schufen, Einer durch des Andern Hand!

Wir sind allein jezt übrig; du bedenke denn,

Wie schmählich wir verdürben, wenn wir wider Necht

Der Herrscher Ausspruch und Gewalt mißachteten.
60

Wohl mußt du doch erwägen, daß wir Frauen sind,

Und nicht geschaffen, Männern kühn im Kampf zu steh'n,

Dann aber, daß wir, weil beherrscht von Stärkeren,

Hier folgen müssen und sogar in Härterem.

Drum will ich jene, die der Erde Schooß verbirgt,³
65

Anfleh'n um Nachsicht, weil Gewalt mich bindet hier,

Und ihm gehorchen, dem die Macht geworden ist;

Denn Unverstand ist's, über seine Kraft zu thun.

English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 32 focus

Chorus

What then remains for us ?

Spanish (A. G. Garbin, 1889) (OCR draft) Experimental (Spanish (A. G. Garbin, 1889)) — 32 focus

CORO

148 Puesto que la victoria ha venido á proporcionar á la belicosa Thebas el júbilo y la alegría, aparte de nuestra mente el recuerdo de los combates; durante toda la noche formemos coros en los templos de los dioses, y que Baco, dios de Thebas, presida nuestros regocijos. 155 Pero el nuevo rey de nuestra comarca, el hijo de Menoceo, se acerca. Los acontecimientos que han suscitado los dioses le traen á este lugar. Sin duda medita algún proyecto, porque él es quien ha convocado, por medio de una orden común para todos, esta asamblea de ancianos.

German (F. Hölderlin, 1804) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (F. Hölderlin, 1804)) — 32 focus

KREON

Tragt ihr die Aufsicht nun in dem Besagten!

English (Sir Richard Jebb1, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb1, 1904)) — 32 focus

Creon

See, then, that ye be guardians of the mandate.

English (Sir Richard Jebb2, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb2, 1904)) — 1-98 focus

1

Antigone

Ismene, my sister, true child of my own mother, do you know any evil out of all the evils bequeathed by Oedipus that Zeus will not fulfil for the two of us in our lifetime? There is nothing—no pain, no ruin,
1

no shame, nor dishonor—that I have not seen in your sufferings and mine. And now what is this new edict that they say the general has just decreed to all the city? Do you know anything? Have you heard? Or does it escape you that
5

evils from our enemies are on the march against our friends?
10

Ismene

To me no word of our friends, Antigone, either bringing joy or bringing pain has come since we two were robbed of our two brothers who died in one day by a double blow.

And since the Argive army has fled during this night, I have learned nothing further, whether better fortune is mine, or further ruin.
15

Antigone

I knew it well, so I was trying to bring you outside the courtyard gates to this end, that you alone might hear.

Ismene

Hear what? It is clear that you are brooding on some dark news.
20

Antigone

Why not? Has not Creon destined our brothers, the one to honored burial, the other to unburied shame? Eteocles, they say, with due observance of right and custom, he has laid in the earth

for his honor among the dead below. As for the poor corpse of Polyneices, however, they say that an edict has been published to the townsmen that no one shall bury him or mourn him, but instead leave him unwept, unentombed, for the birds a pleasing store
25

as they look to satisfy their hunger. Such, it is said, is the edict that the good Creon has laid down for you and for me—yes, for me—and it is said that he is coming here to proclaim it for the certain knowledge of those who do not already know. They say that he does not conduct this business lightly,
30

but whoever performs any of these rites, for him the fate appointed is death by public stoning among the entire city. This is how things stand for you, and so you will soon show your nature, whether you are noble-minded, or the corrupt daughter of a noble line.
35

39

Ismene

Poor sister, if things have come to this, what would I

profit by loosening or tightening this knot?
40

Antigone

Consider whether you will share the toil and the task.

Ismene

What are you hazarding? What do you intend?

Antigone

Will you join your hand to mine in order to lift his corpse?

Ismene

You plan to bury him—when it is forbidden to the city?

Antigone

Yes, he is my brother, and yours too, even if you wish it otherwise. I will never be convicted of betraying him.
45

Ismene

Hard girl! Even when Creon has forbidden it?

Antigone

No, he has no right to keep me from my own.

Ismene

Ah, no! Think, sister, how our father

perished in hatred and infamy, when, because of the crimes that he himself detected, he smashed both his eyes with self-blinding hand; then his mother-wife, two names in one, with a twisted noose destroyed her life;
50

lastly, our two brothers in a single day, both unhappy murderers of their own flesh and blood, worked with mutual hands their common doom. And now we, in turn—we two who have been left all alone—consider how much more miserably we will be destroyed, if in defiance of the law
55

we transgress against an autocrat’s decree or his powers. No, we must remember, first, that ours is a woman’s nature, and accordingly not suited to battles against men; and next, that we are ruled by the more powerful, so that we must obey in these things and in things even more stinging.
60

I, therefore, will ask those below for pardon, since I am forced to this, and will obey those who have come to authority. It is foolish to do what is fruitless.
65

69

Antigone

I would not encourage you—no, nor, even if you were willing later,

would I welcome you as my partner in this action. No, be the sort that pleases you. I will bury him—it would honor me to die while doing that. I shall rest with him, loved one with loved one, a pious criminal. For the time is greater
70

that I must serve the dead than the living, since in that world I will rest forever. But if you so choose, continue to dishonor what the gods in honor have established.
75

Ismene

I do them no dishonor. But to act in violation of the citizens’ will—of that I am by nature incapable.

Antigone

You can make that your pretext! Regardless, I will go now to heap a tomb over the brother I love.
80

Ismene

Oh no, unhappy sister! I fear for you!

Antigone

Do not tremble for me. Straighten out your own destiny.

Ismene

Then at least disclose the deed to no one before you do it.

Conceal it, instead, in secrecy—and so, too, will I.
85

Antigone

Go on! Denounce it! You will be far more hated for your silence, if you fail to proclaim these things to everyone.

Ismene

You have a hot heart for chilling deeds.

Antigone

I know that I please those whom I am most bound to please.

Ismene

Yes, if you will also have the power. But you crave the impossible.
90

Antigone

Why then, when my strength fails, I will have finished.

Ismene

An impossible hunt should not be tried in the first place.

Antigone

If you mean that, you will have my hatred, and you will be subject to punishment as the enemy of the dead.

But leave me and the foolish plan I have authored to suffer this terrible thing, for I will not suffer anything so terrible that my death will lack honor.
95

Ismene

Go, then, if you so decide. And of this be sure: though your path is foolish, to your loved ones your love is straight and true. Exit Antigone on the spectators’ left. Ismene exits into the palace.

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-168-1 κόμψευε . . τὴν δόξαν ¹

mvp-comment-168-2 τὴν δόξαν ²

mvp-comment-168-3

κληδόν’

(the

κληδών

of which you speak), not merely, ‘the word

δόξα

.’ If the v. l.

τὸ δόξαν

(see cr. n.) was intended to mean the latter, it should have been

τὸ δόξα.

mvp-comment-168-4 νυν ³ νῦν ⁴ ταῦτα … τοὺς δρῶντας = τοὺς ταῦτα δρῶντας ⁵

mvp-comment-169-1 δειλά ⁶

mvp-comment-169-2 δεινά ⁷ ν ⁸

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

223-330. mvp-comment-136-1 The half-comic or rustic character of the watchman in this play is an extension of the common character of the messenger, whose natural rudeness of speech and thought brings into greater prominence the horror or pathos of the events he describes. The grotesqueness disappears when he speaks of the action of Antigone in 407-440. The employment of this artifice by Sophocles arises from the same motive to which Shakespeare gave a far wider range in such creations as the gravediggers in Hamlet, and the rural fellow in Antony and Cleopatra. The Messenger in the Trachiniae, the Corinthian in the Oedipus Tyrannus, Menelaus in the Ajax, the pretended Shipmaster in the Philoctetes, afford the same sort of contrast to the more tragic personages: and the superstition of the Coloniatae may be compared with the cowardice of the Phrygian slave in the Orestes of Euripides.

223-330. mvp-comment-136-2 The vulgarity of the common-place Athenian of the fifth century в.с. takes the form of misplaced subtlety of wit. Cp. Shak. Hamlet, 5. 1 ,

We must speak by the card, or equivocation will undo us. The age is grown so picked, that the toe of the peasant comes so near the heel of the courtier, he galls his kibe.

324. mvp-comment-188-1 κόμψευε . . δόξαν 'Ay do, refine now on the word "opinion."" This does not seem to be one of the cases where viv with the imperative mood should be changed to vuv, as there is a sufficient reason for the emphatic particle.

325. mvp-comment-189-1 ἐξερεῖτε You shall tell the world. Cp. Pind. Pyth. 2. 22, Ιξίονα φαντὶ ταῦτα βροτοῖς λέγειν ἐν πτερόεντι τροχῷ .. τὸν εὐεργέταν ἀγαναῖς ἀμοιβαῖς 332 ff. The chorus, in their first stasimon, express, in a veiled manner, their emotions at what has occurred. Not being able to say what they really think, that Creon's rash edict has already recoiled on his own family, they descant on the wonderful range of human enterprize, adding that where boldness and resource are combined with justice, they confer glory, but only bring ruin where they are subservient to wrong. The elders do not decide who in the present instance is the transgressor. The ode consists of two strophes and antistrophes, in which glyconic rhythms are mixed with lyrical dactyls, iambi, and trochees, in different proportions, the scheme being as follows:- ICC CC CI CICIC α'. } Iamb. Dact. Troch. Glycon. The two long syllables at the beginning of l. 8 of a form the transition from the dactyls to the trochees. There is a sensible change to a lighter and less simple movement at the beginning of β'. The resolved trochees in B' 5 mark a climax of feeling.