Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 1.12

[1] For also after the Trojan war the Grecians continued still their shifting and transplantations; insomuch as never resting, they improved not their power.

[2] For the late return of the Greeks from Ilium caused not a little innovation; and in most of the cities there arose seditions, and those which were driven out built cities for themselves in other places.

[3] For those that are now called Boeotians in the sixtieth year after the taking of Troy expelled Arne by the Thessalians, seated themselves in that country which, now Boeotia, was then called Cadmeis. (But there was in the same country a certain portion of that nation before, of whom also were they that went to the warfare of Troy.) And in the eightieth year the Dorians together with the Heracleidae seized on Peloponnesus.

[4] And with much ado, after long time, Greece had constant rest and, shifting their seats no longer, at length sent colonies abroad. And the Athenians planted Ionia and most of the islands, and the Peloponnesians most of Italy and Sicily and also certain parts of the rest of Greece. But these colonies were all planted after the Trojan war.

[1] Even after the Trojan war Hellas was still engaged in removing and settling, and thus could not attain to the quiet which must precede growth.

[2] The late return of the Hellenes from Ilium caused many revolutions, and factions ensued almost everywhere; and it was the citizens thus driven into exile who founded the cities.

[3] Sixty years after the capture of Ilium the modern Boeotians were driven out of Arne by the Thessalians, and settled in the present Boeotia , the former Cadmeis; though there was a division of them there before, some of whom joined the expedition to Ilium . Twenty years later the Dorians and the Heraclids became masters of Peloponnese ; so that much had to be done

[4] and many years had to elapse before Hellas could attain to a durable tranquillity undisturbed by removals, and could begin to send out colonies, as Athens did to Ionia and most of the islands, and the Peloponnesians to most of Italy and Sicily and some places in the rest of Hellas . All these places were founded subsequently to the war with Troy .

Aber auch nach dem Trojanischen Kriege kommen in Hellas ^{1 2 3 4}
noch Wechsel der Wohnsitze und neue Gründungen vor, so daß sich das
Land nicht ruhig und gedeihlich entwickeln konnte. Denn da die
Rückkehr der Hellenen aus Troja sich verzögerte, so ereigneten sich viele
Veränderungen und Ausstände in den Städten, und die Vertriebenen
gründeten neue Städte. So haben z. B. die Böotier, im sechzigsten
Jahre nach der Einnahme Jlions durch die Thesfaler aus ^dem
thessalischen^ Arne vertrieben, das jetzige Böotien in Besitz genommen,
welches vorher den Namen des Kadme'i'shcen Landes geführt hatte. Ein
Böotier-Stamm war aber auch schon früher im Besitze dieses Landes
gewesen und hatte sich zum Theil dem Zuge gegen Jlion angeschlos- ⁵
sen 38 *). Ebenso haben im achtzigsten Jahre die Dorier, mit den
Herakliden verbündet, den Peloponnes in Besitz genommen. Nachdem
so Hellas nur mühevoll und nach langer Zeit zur- Ruhe und stätigen
Verhältnissen gelangt war, ohne weitere Umwälzungen zu erfahren,
konnte es Kolonien aussenden. Durch solche haben die Athener das
Ionische Gebiet und die Mehrzahl der Inseln bevölkert, die
Peloponnesier aber den größten Theil Italiens und Siciliens und einige
Landschaften in anderen Theilen von Hellas. Alle diese Neugründungen
aber haben erst nach dem Trojanischen Krieg stattgesunden.

Auch nach dem Trojanischen Kriege gab es in Griechen­
land immer noch Wanderungen und Neusiedelungen, so daß
es sich nicht ruhig entwickeln konnte. Da die Griechen nicht
so bald von Troja zurückkehrten, kam eS in den Städten viel­
fach zu inneren Kämpfen und Umwälzungen und infolgedessen
zu Auswanderungen und zur Gründung neuer Städte. So
haben sich die jetzigen Böotier, nachdem sie sechzig Jahr nach
der Eroberung Trojas von den Thessalern aus Arne verdrängt
worden waren, im heutigen Böotien niedergelassen, das vor­
her das Kadmeiische Land hieß. Ein Zweig wohnte freilich
auch schon vorher in diesem Lande, und ihm gehörten die
Böotier an, die mit nach Troja zogen. Achtzig Jahr nach
jenem Zeitpunkt nahmen die Dorier mit den Herakliden den
Peloponnes in Besitz. Nachdem Griechenland endlich zu Ruhe
gekommen war und das Wandern aufgehört hatte, sandte es
Kolonien aus; die Athener besiedelten Jonien und die Mehr­
zahl der Inseln, die Peloponnesier den größten Teil von Italien
und Sizilien sowie einige andere Gegenden in Griechenland.
Alle diese Gründungen aber fallen erst in die Zeit nach dem
Trojanischen Kriege.

XII. Même après la guerre de Troie, la Grèce, au milieu des séditions et des émigrations continuelles, ne put prendre les accroissements que procure le repos. Le retour tardif des Grecs avait causé bien des agita- tions. De nombreuses séditions eurent lieu dans les villes, à la suite desquelles les vaincus allèrent fonder d’autres cités : les Béotiens d’aujourd’hui, chassés d’Arné par les Thessaliens, la soixantième année après la prise de Troie, s’établirent dans la contrée appelée maintenant Béotie, et autrefois Cadméïde. (Antérieurement déjà une fraction de ce peuple était établie dans le pays et avait envoyé des troupes devant Ilion ¹ .) Les Doriens, de leur côté, occupèrent le Péloponnèse avec les Héraclides, quatre-vingts ans après la prise de Troie ² . Lorsque après une longue période de troubles la Grèce fut péniblement arrivée au repos et à la stabilité, lorsque les séditions eurent cessé, elle envoya des co- lonies au dehors : les Athéniens en fondèrent dans l’Ionie et la plupart des îles ³ ; les Péloponnésiens s’établirent dans une grande partie de l’ltalie et de la Sicile et sur quelques points du reste de la Grèce ⁴ . Toutes ces colonies furent fondées après la guerre de Troie.

[1] Indeed, even after the Trojan war Hellas was still subject to migrations and in process of settlement, and hence did not get rest and wax stronger.

[2] For not only did the return of the Hellenes from Ilium, occurring as it did after a long time, cause many changes; but factions also began to spring up very generally in the cities, and, in consequence of these, men were driven into exile and founded new cities.

[3] The present Boeotians, for example, were driven from Arne by the Thessalians in the sixtieth year after the capture of Ilium and settled in the district now called Boeotia, but formerly CadmeYs; only a portion of these had been in that land before, and it was some of these who took part in the expedition against Ilium. The Dorians, too, in the eightieth year after the war, together with the Heracleidae occupied the Peloponnesus.

[4] And so when painfully and after a long course of time Hellas became permanently tranquil and its population was no longer subject to expulsion from their homes, it began to send out colonies. The Athenians colonized lonia and most of the islands; the Peloponnesians, the greater part of Italy and Sicily and some portions of the rest of Hellas. And all these colonies were planted after the Trojan war.

[1] For even after the Trojan war Greece was still moving about, and settling itself; ¹ so that it could not increase its power by remaining at rest.

[2] For the return of the Greeks from Troy, having taken place so late, caused many revolutions; and factions, generally speaking, arose in the states; in consequence of which men were expelled, and founded cities.

[3] For those who are now called Boeotians, being driven out of Arne by the Thessalians in the sixtieth year after the taking of Troy, settled in what is now called Boeotia, but was before called the Cadmean country. (Though there was a division of them in this country before, some of whom also joined the expedition against Troy.) And the Dorians in the eightieth year took possession of the Peloponnese with the Heraclidae.

[4] And Greece having with difficulty, after a long time, enjoyed settled peace, and being no longer subject to migrations, began to send out colonies; and the Athenians colonized Ionia, and most of the islands; and the Peloponnesians, the greater part of Italy and Sicily, and some places in the rest of Greece. ² But all these places were founded after the Trojan war.

[1] Nam vel post res ad Trojam gestas Graeci adhuc migrabant sedesque novas figebant, ita ut eorum opes per otium non creverint.

[2] Nam et tardus Graecorum reditus ab Ilio res multas innovavit, et in plerisque civitatibus exoriebantur seditiones, quibus qui patria pulsi erant, urbes condebant.

[3] Nam et Boeoti, qui nunc appellantur, sexagesimo post Ilii expugnationem anno Arue a Thessalis pulsi eum agrum, qui nunc quidem Boeolius vocatur, ante vero Cadmeus, incoluerunt; (erat autem quaedam eorum portio jam antea in hac terra, unde etiam ad Ilium cum exercitu sunt profecti), et Dorienses octogesimo anno cum Heraclidis Peloponnesum tenuere.

[4] Vixque longo post tempore Graecia plane pacata, nec amplius sedes mutans colonias emisit; et Athenienses quidem Ioniam et insulas plerasque colonis occupaverunt; Peloponnesii vero Italiae et Siciliae maximam partem, et nonnulla reliqiise Graeciae loca. Sed omnes istae coloniae post bellum Trojanum conditae sunt. .

Conciossiachè anche dopo i fatti troiani la Grecia era soggetta a trasmigrazioni e cambiamenti di abitatori, si che non poteva in tranquillo stato avanzarsi. Imperocché la lentezza dei Greci nel ritornare da Ilio fu cagione di molte rivoluzioni, onde nacquero fazioni nella maggior parte delle città •, e quelli che ne erano banditi altre se ne fabbricavano. Infatti i Beozi di adesso, nel sessantesimo anno dopo la presa di Troia, cacciati da Arne per opera dei Tessali, passarono nella campagua chiamata ora Beozia, e prima Cadmeide. In cotesta campagna era anche innanzi ima porzione dei loro, del numero dei quali furono quelli che andarono alla spedizione di Troia. Nell’ottantesimo anno i Dori con gli Eraclidi occuparono il Peloponneso : e appena dopo molto tempo, tranquillata stabilmente la Grecia, e liberata oramai dalle sedizioni, mandò fuori colonie. Gli Ateniesi fondarono quelle degli Ionii e del più delle isole : nell' Italia però e nella Sicilia, ed in altri luoghi del resto della Grecia, generalmente le fondarono i Peloponnesi: ma tutte queste colonie furono dopo i fatti troiani.