Plautus Pseudolus 1.1

Henry Thomas Riley (Translator)

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Pseudolus. Plautus. Henry Thomas Riley (Translator). London. 1912.

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Current edition Perseus

Pseudolus, or The Cheat (English) (Plautus. The Comedies of Plautus, Volume 1. Riley, Henry Thomas, translator. London: G. Bell and Sons, Ltd., 1912.)

Editions (1)
Pseudolus Perseus (Plautus. Plauti Comoediae, Volume 2. Leo, Friedrich, editor. Berlin: Weidmann, 1896.) — 1.1 focus

Notes on the current edition

Pseudolus, or The Cheat

1. Under the sway of Venus: The youth of both sexes, from the tenth to the eighteenth year, were supposed to be under the dominion of Venus, to whom they offered their clothes, dolls, and toys, on arriving at puberty.
2. Unless the Sibyl: The Sibyl, being gifted with prophecy, might know the meaning of that which could not be read. The 23rd line has been somewhat modified in the translation.
3. From that wax there: Allusion is here made to the wax with which the surface of the tablet was covered, and on which the writing was traced with the iron stylus.
4. Inasnmuch: He is going to say, may the Divinities confound you; which anathema Pseudolus adroitly turns aside, and refrains from further provoking his master.
5. Like a summer plant: Some Commentators think that Plautus refers to some imaginary plant, which was supposed to grow up and wither on the day of the summer Solstice. It seems, however, more probable that he only refers to the short existence of summer flowers in general.
6. Safety does she beg: The writer plays upon the different meanings of the word sarus. She sends you salus, greeting or salutation, and requests you to find her salus, safety or rescue, in return.
7. For one on wood: Meaning, in return for her salus, or salutation, upon the wooden tablet, is it your wish to send her salus, safety, procured through the medium of money, by effecting her liberation.
8. Festival of Bacchus: Dionysia. There were several festivals of Bacchus at Athens . They were called Dionysia from Dionysus, the Greek same of that God.
9. Very wretchedly: Pseudolus probably intends to allude to the bad hand in which the letter seems to have been written, while his master refers to the sorrowful tone of the epistle.
10. Of pumice stone: That is, as dry as purnice stone.
11. Supply of those treasures: Of Ehen! Alas! or Oh dear me This he repeats so frequently, because his master has reproached him for not weeping in sympathy with him for the calamities of Phœnicium,
12. Ere ’tis dark, to take: Ante tenebras tenebras persequi. Literally rally, before the shades to reach the shades. A wretched pun is attempted.
13. You cuckoo: Cuculus. Cuckoo seems to have been in all ages a term of reproach. Horace mentions it as being applied by the common people to the vintagers in the autumn. Shakspeare, in the beautiful song in the Fifth Act of Love’s Labour Lost, has these lines:
The cuckoo then on every tree,
Mocks married men, for thus sings he,
Cuckoo!
Cuckoo! cuckoo! O word of fear,
Unpleasing to a married ear!
Perhaps the reason of this epithet being deemed opprobrious was the simple fact that the cuckoo is the laziest of birds, inasmuch as it is too idle to build its own nest. The subject is further referred to in a future note.
14. Hope of a groat: Libella was the smallest silver coin among the Romans, the tenth part of a denarius.
15. My eyebrow twitches: The itching of the eye, or the twitching of the eyebrows, has been supposed by superstitious persons in all ages to presage some impending event.
16. Set my plans a-going: Mea si commovi sacra. Literally, if I move my sacred things. Lambinus thinks that this may refer to the sacred things dedicated to Bacchus, which no one touched without being punished for it; and even if Bacchus himself attempted to do, confusion and disorder was the consequence.
17. Or with the ear: To sleep on the ear was a proverbial saying borrowed by the Romans from the Greeks, to denote a sense of complete security Pseudolus say, that the proverb is too vulgar for his refined taste.