Epiphanius, Panarion (Adversus Haereses), ed. Karl Holl, 46.5

[1] 5. Διὸ καὶ θαυμάσαι ἔστι τὸν εἰδότα, ὡς καὶ ἐν βίβλοις ηὑρήκαμεν, μεν, τὸν κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν χριστὸν ἐν τῷ Γολγοθᾷ ἐσταυρῶσθαι.

[2] οὐκ ἄλλῃ που ἀλλ᾿ ἢ ἔνθα ἔκειτο τὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ σῶμα. ἐξελθὼν γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ παραδείσου καὶ κατῳκηκὼς κατέναντι αὐτοῦ πολλῷ τῷ χρόνῳ καὶ διὰ πολλῶν τῶν ἡμερῶν διελθὼν ὕστερον ἦλθε καὶ ἐν τῷ τόπῳ ¹²³ τούτῳ, Ἱεροσολύμων δέ φημι, τὸ χρεὼν ἀποδεδωκὼς [καὶ] ἐκεῖσε ἐτάφη ἐν τῷ τόπῳ τῷ Γολγοθᾷ.

[3] ὅθεν εἰκότως τὸ ἐπώνυμον ὁ τόπος ἔσχε, Κρανίου ἑρμηνευόμενος τόπος, ἧς ὀνομασίας τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ τόπου ἐμφέρειάν τινα οὐχ ὑποδείκνυσιν.

[4] οὔτε γὰρ ἐν ἄκρᾳ τινὶν
κεῖται, ἵνα Ö 716 κρανίον τοῦτο ἑρμηνεύηται, ὡς <ὁ> ἐπὶ σώματος κεφαλῆς τόπος λέγεται, οὔτε <ἐπὶ> σκοπιᾶς.

[5] καὶ γὰρ οὔτε ἐν ὕψει κεῖται παρὰ τοὺς ἄλλους τόπους· ἄντικρυς γὰρ ἐστι τὸ τοῦ Ἐλαιῶνος ὄρος ὕψηλότερον καὶ ἀπὸ σημείων ὀκτὼ ἡ Γαβαὼν ὑψηλοτάτη, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ ἄκρα ἡ ποτὲ ὑπάρχουσα ἐν Σιών, νῦν δὲ τμηθεῖσα, καὶ αὐτὴ ὑψηλοτέρα
ὑπῆρχεν τοῦ τόπου.

[6] πόθεν οὖν ἡ ἐπωνυμία τοῦ Κρανίου, ἀλλ’ ἐπειδὴ τοῦ πρωτοπλάστου ἀνθρώπου ἐκεῖ τὸ κρανίον ηὕρηται καὶ ἐκεῖ τὸ λείψανον ἐναπέκειτο, τούτου ἕνεκα Κρανίου τόπος ἐπεκέκλητο·

[7] ἐφ’ οὗ σταυρωθεὶς ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς ὁ Χριστὸς διὰ τοῦ ῥεύσαντος ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ ὕδατος καὶ τὴν αἵματος διὰ τῆς νυχθείσης αὐτοῦ
πλευρᾶς αἰνιγματωδῶς ἔδειξ τὴν ἡμῶν σωτηρίαν, P 395 ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς τοῦ φυράματος ἀρξάμενος ῥαντίζειν τὰ λείψανα τοῦ προπάτορος,

[8] ἵνα καὶ ἡμῖν D 416 ὑποδείξῃ τὸν ῥαντισμὸν τοῦ αὐτοῦ αἵματος, εἰς κάθαρσιν τῆσ ἡμῶν κοινώσεως καὶ ψυχῆς μετανοούσης καὶ εἰς ὑπόδειγμα φυράσεως καὶ καθαρμοῦ ῥύπου τῶν ἡμετέρων ἁμαρτημάτων γενόμενον,
τὸ ἐκχυθὲν ὕδωρ ἐπὶ τὸν ὑποκείμενον τῷ τόπῳ καὶ τεθαμμένον εἰς ἐλπίδα αὐτοῦ τε καὶ ἡμῶν τῶν ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεγεννημένων.

[9] διὸ καὶ ἐνταῦδα ἐπληροῦτο τὸ εἰρημένον »ἔγειρε ὁ καθεύδων καὶ ἀνάστα ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν καὶ ἐπιφαύσει σοι ὁ Χριστός«. εἰ γὰρ καὶ περὶ ἡμῶν λέγει τῶν νενεκρωμένων τοῖς ἔργοις καὶ τῶν καθευσόντων ἐν βάθει
ὕπνου τῆς ἀγνωσίας, ἀλλ’ οὖν γε ἐκεῖθεν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς αἰνίξεως * περιέχει τὸν τρόπον.

[10] καὶ οὐχ ἁπλῶς οὐδὲ ἀργῶς· »ἀνέστη«, γὰρ φησι, ⁴⁵⁶ »πολλὰ σώματα τῶν ἁγίων«, ὡς ἔχει τὸ εὐαγγέλιον, »καὶ εἰσῆλθον σὺν αὐτῷ εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν πόλιν« καὶ οὐκ εἶπεν, ἀνέστησαν ψυχαὶ τῶν ἁγίων, ἀλλὰ σώματα φύσει τῶν ἁγίων καὶ εἰσῆλθον μετ’ αὐτοῦ εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν πόλιν καὶ τὰ ἑξῆς.

[11] Πανταχόθεν τοίνυν ἀποκρουσάμενοι τοῦ κώνωπος τούτου τὰ δήγματα δἰ ἐλαίου τῆς τοῦ θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας καὶ κυρίου ἡμῶν ἐνδημίας καὶ φωτὸς τοῦ εὐαγελίου τὴς ἀληθείας, ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς κατὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς πάλιν προσελθεῖν ἐν τῇ τοῦ θεοῦ δυνάμει σπεύσωμεν.

⁷⁸

Epiphanius Panarion (Adversus Haereses) 46.5

ed. Karl Holl

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