Pausanias, Description of Greece, ed. Friedrich Spiro, 6.4

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[1]
ἔχεται δὲ τοῦ Λυσάνδρου τῆς εἰκόνος Ἐφέσιός τε πύκτης τοὺς ἐλθόντας κρατήσας τῶν παίδων—ὄνομα δέ οἱ ἦν Ἀθήναιος—καὶ Σικυώνιος Σώστρατος παγκρατιαστὴς ἀνήρ, ἐπίκλησις δὲ ἦν Ἀκροχερσίτης αὐτῷ· παραλαμβανόμενος γὰρ ἄκρων τοῦ ἀνταγωνιζομένου τῶν χειρῶν ἔκλα, καὶ οὐ πρότερον ἀνίει πρὶν ἢ αἴσθοιτο ἀπαγορεύσαντος.

[2] γεγόνασι δὲ αὐτῷ Νεμείων μὲν νῖκαι καὶ Ἰσθμίων ἀναμὶξ δυόδεκα, Ὀλυμπίασι δὲ καὶ Πυθοῖ, τῇ μὲν δύο, τρεῖς δὲ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ. τὴν τετάρτην δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδα ἐπὶ ταῖς ἑκατόν—πρώτην γὰρ δὴ ἐνίκησεν ὁ Σώστρατος ταύτην—οὐκ
ἀναγράφουσιν οἱ Ἠλεῖοι, διότι μὴ αὐτοὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἀλλὰ Πισαῖοι καὶ Ἀρκάδες ἔθεσαν ἀντʼ αὐτῶν.

[3] παρὰ δὲ τὸν Σώστρατον παλαιστὴς ἀνὴρ πεποίηται Λεοντίσκος, ἐκ Σικελίας τε ὢν γένος καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἐν τῷ πορθμῷ Μεσσήνης· στεφανωθῆναι δὲ ὑπό τε Ἀμφικτυόνων καὶ δὶς ὑπὸ Ἠλείων, εἶναι δὲ αὐτῷ λέγεται τὴν πάλην καθὰ δὴ καὶ τὸ παγκράτιον τῷ Σικυωνίῳ Σωστράτῳ· καὶ γὰρ τὸν Λεοντίσκον καταβαλεῖν μὲν οὐκ ἐπίστασθαι τοὺς παλαίοντας, νικᾶν δὲ αὐτὸν κλῶντα τοὺς δακτύλους.

[4] τὸν δὲ ἀνδριάντα Πυθαγόρας ἐποίησεν ὁ Ῥηγῖνος, εἴπερ τις καὶ ἄλλος ἀγαθὸς τὰ ἐς πλαστικήν. διδαχθῆναι δὲ παρὰ Κλεάρχῳ φασὶν αὐτόν, Ῥηγίνῳ μὲν καὶ αὐτῷ, μαθητῇ δὲ Εὐχείρου· τὸν δὲ Εὔχειρον εἶναι Κορίνθιον, φοιτῆσαι δὲ ὡς Συάδραν τε καὶ Χάρταν Σπαρτιάτας.

[5]
ὁ δὲ παῖς ὁ ἀναδούμενος ταινίᾳ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἐπεισήχθω μοι καὶ οὗτος ἐς τὸν λόγον Φειδίου τε ἕνεκα καὶ τῆς ἐς τὰ ἀγάλματα τοῦ Φειδίου σοφίας, ἐπεὶ ἄλλως γε οὐκ ἴσμεν ὅτου τὴν εἰκόνα ὁ Φειδίας ἐποίησε. Σάτυρος δὲ Ἠλεῖος Λυσιάνακτος πατρός, γένους δὲ τοῦ Ἰαμιδῶν, ἐν Νεμέᾳ πεντάκις ἐνίκησε πυκτεύων καὶ Πυθοῖ τε δὶς καὶ δὶς ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ· τέχνη δὲ Ἀθηναίου Σιλανίωνος ὁ ἀνδριάς ἐστι. πλάστης δὲ ἄλλος τῶν Ἀττικῶν Πολυκλῆς, Σταδιέως μαθητὴς Ἀθηναίου, πεποίηκε παῖδα Ἐφέσιον παγκρατιαστήν, Ἀμύνταν Ἑλλανίκου.

[6]
Χίλωνι δὲ Ἀχαιῷ Πατρεῖ δύο μὲν Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι πάλης ἀνδρῶν, μία δὲ ἐγένετο ἐν Δελφοῖς, τέσσαρες 0 δὲ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ καὶ Νεμείων τρεῖς· ἐτάφη δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ κοινοῦ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν, καί οἱ καὶ τοῦ βίου συνέπεσεν ἐν πολέμῳ τὴν τελευτὴν γενέσθαι. μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι καὶ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ·

μουνοπάλης νικῶ δὶς Ὀλύμπια Πύθιά τʼ ἄνδρας,

τρὶς Νεμέᾳ, τετράκις δʼ Ἰσθμῷ ἐν ἀγχιάλῳ,

Χίλων Χίλωνος Πατρεύς, ὃν λαὸς Ἀχαιῶν

ἐν πολέμῳ φθίμενον θάψʼ ἀρετῆς ἕνεκεν.

τὸ μὲν δὴ ἐπίγραμμα ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο ἐδήλωσεν·

[7] εἰ δὲ Λυσίππου τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὴν εἰκόνα τεκμαιρόμενον τῇ ἡλικίᾳ συμβαλέσθαι δεῖ με τὸν πόλεμον ἔνθα ὁ Χίλων ἔπεσεν, ἤτοι ἐς Χαιρώνειαν Ἀχαιοῖς τοῖς πᾶσιν ὁμοῦ στρατεύσασθαι ἢ ἰδίᾳ κατʼ ἀρετήν τε καὶ τόλμαν Ἀχαιῶν μόνος Ἀντιπάτρου μοι καὶ Μακεδόνων ἐναντία ἀγωνίσασθαι περὶ Λάμιαν φαίνεται τὴν ἐν Θεσσαλίᾳ.

[8]
ἐφεξῆς δὲ τοῦ Χίλωνος δύο ἀνάκεινται· τῷ μὲν Μολπίων ἐστὶν ὄνομα, στεφανωθῆναι δὲ τὸ ἐπίγραμμά φησιν αὐτὸν ὑπὸ Ἠλείων· τὸν δὲ ἕτερον, ὅτῳ μηδέν ἐστιν ἐπίγραμμα, μνημονεύουσιν ὡς Ἀριστοτέλης ἐστὶν ὁ ἐκ τῶν Θρᾳκίων Σταγείρων, καὶ αὐτὸν ἤτοι μαθητὴς ἢ καὶ στρατιωτικὸς ἀνέθηκεν ἀνὴρ ἅτε παρὰ Ἀντιπάτρῳ καὶ πρότερον ἰσχύσαντα παρὰ Ἀλεξάνδρῳ.

[9] Σωδάμας δὲ ἐξ Ἀσσοῦ τῆς ἐν τῇ Τρῳάδι, κειμένης δὲ ὑπὸ τῇ Ἴδῃ, πρῶτος Αἰολέων τῶν ταύτῃ στάδιον Ὀλυμπίασιν ἐνίκησεν ἐν παισίν. παρὰ δὲ Σωδάμαν 0 Ἀρχίδαμος ἕστηκεν ὁ Ἀγησιλάου, Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεύς. πρὸ δὲ τοῦ Ἀρχιδάμου τούτου βασιλέως εἰκόνα οὐδενὸς ἔν γε τῇ ὑπερορίᾳ Λακεδαιμονίους ἀναθέντας εὕρισκον· Ἀρχιδάμου δὲ ἄλλων τε καὶ τῆς τελευτῆς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἕνεκα ἀνδριάντα ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀπέστειλαν, ὅτι ἐν βαρβάρῳ τε ἐπέλαβεν αὐτὸν τὸ χρεὼν καὶ βασιλέων μόνος τῶν ἐν Σπάρτῃ δῆλός ἐστιν ἁμαρτὼν τάφου.

[10] ταῦτα μὲν δὴ καὶ ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιατικοῖς λόγοις ἐς πλέον ἡμῖν δεδήλωται· Εὐάνθει δὲ Κυζικηνῷ γεγόνασι πυγμῆς νῖκαι, μία μὲν ἐν ἀνδράσιν Ὀλυμπική, Νεμείων δὲ ἐν παισὶ καὶ Ἰσθμίων. πεποίηται δὲ παρὰ τὸν Εὐάνθην ἀνήρ τε ἱπποτρόφος καὶ τὸ ἅρμα, ἀναβεβηκυῖα δὲ ἐπὶ τὸ ἅρμα παῖς παρθένος· ὄνομα μὲν Λάμπος τῷ ἀνδρί, πατρὶς δὲ ἦν αὐτῷ νεωτάτη τῶν ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ πόλεων, καλουμένη δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου.

[11] Κυνίσκῳ δὲ τῷ ἐκ Μαντινείας πύκτῃ παιδὶ ἐποίησε Πολύκλειτος τὴν εἰκόνα. Ἐργοτέλης δὲ ὁ Φιλάνορος δολίχου δύο ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ νίκας, τοσαύτας δὲ ἄλλας Πυθοῖ καὶ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ τε καὶ Νεμείων ἀνῃρημένος, οὐχ Ἱμεραῖος εἶναι τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, καθάπερ γε τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ φησι, Κρὴς δὲ εἶναι λέγεται Κνώσσιος· ἐκπεσὼν δὲ ὑπὸ στασιωτῶν ἐκ Κνωσσοῦ καὶ ἐς Ἱμέραν ἀφικόμενος πολιτείας τʼ ἔτυχε καὶ πολλὰ εὕρετο ἄλλα ἐς τιμήν. ἔμελλεν οὖν ὡς τὸ εἰκὸς Ἱμεραῖος ἐν τοῖς ἀγῶσιν ἀναγορευθήσεσθαι.

Description of Greece. Pausanias. ed. Friedrich Spiro. Leipzig. 1903.

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Funding provided by The Annenberg CPB/Project.

Current edition Perseus

Ἑλλάδος Περιηγήσεως (Greek) (Pausanias. Pausaniae Graeciae descriptio, Volumes 1-3. Spiro, Friedrich, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903.)

Translations (2)

Description of Greece Perseus (Pausanias. Pausanias Description of Greece, Volumes 1-4. Jones, W.H.S. (William Henry Samuel), translator; Ormerod, Henry Arderne, translator. London, New York: W. Heinemann, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1918-1935.) — 6.4 focus

[1]
Next to the statue of Lysander is an Ephesian boxer who beat the other boys, his competitors—his name was Athenaeus,—and also a man of Sicyon who was a pancratiast, Sostratus surnamed Acrochersites. For he used to grip his antagonist by the fingers¹ and bend them, and would not let go until he saw that his opponent had given in.

[2] He won at the Nemean and Isthmian games combined twelve victories, three victories at Olympia and two at Pytho . The hundred and fourth Festival, when Sostratus won his first victory, is not reckoned by the Eleans, because the games were held by the Pisans and Arcadians and not by themselves.

[3] Beside Sostratus is a statue of Leontiscus, a man wrestler, a native of Sicily from Messene on the Strait. He was crowned, they say, by the Amphictyons and twice by the Eleans, and his mode of wrestling was similar to the pancratium of Sostratus the Sicyonian. For they say that Leontiscus did not know how to throw his opponents, but won by bending their fingers.

[4] The statue was made by Pythagoras of Rhegium , an excellent sculptor if ever there was one. They say that he studied under Clearchus, who was likewise a native of Rhegium , and a pupil of Eucheirus. Eucheirus, it is said, was a Corinthian, and attended the school of Syadras and Chartas, men of Sparta .

[5]
The boy who is binding his head with a fillet must be mentioned in my account because of Pheidias and his great skill as a sculptor, but we do not know whose portrait the statue is that Pheidias made. Satyrus of Elis , son of Lysianax, of the clan of the Iamidae, won five victories at Nemea for boxing, two at Pytho , and two at Olympia . The artist who made the statue was Silanion, an Athenian. Polycles, another sculptor of the Attic school, a pupil of Stadieus the Athenian, has made the statue of an Ephesian boy pancratiast, Amyntas the son of Hellanicus.

[6]
Chilon, an Achaean of Patrae , won two prizes for men wrestlers at Olympia , one at Delphi , four at the Isthmus and three at the Nemean games. He was buried at the public expense by the Achaeans, and his fate it was to lose his life on the field of battle. My statement is borne out by the inscription at Olympia :

In wrestling only I alone conquered twice the men at Olympia and at Pytho ,

Thrice at Nemea , and four times at the Isthmus near the sea;

Chilon of Patrae , son of Chilon, whom the Achaean folk

Buried for my valour when I died in battle.

[7] Thus much is plain from the inscription. But the date of Lysippus, who made the statue, leads me to infer about the war in which Chilon fell, that plainly either he marched to Chaeroneia with the whole of the Achaeans², or else his personal courage and daring led him alone of the Achaeans to fight against the Macedonians under Antipater at the battle of Lamia in Thessaly ³.

[8]
Next to Chilon two statues have been set up. One is that of a man named Molpion, who, says the inscription, was crowned by the Eleans. The other statue bears no inscription, but tradition says that it represents Aristotle from Stageira in Thrace , and that it was set up either by a pupil or else by some soldier aware of Aristotle's influence with Antipater and at an earlier date with Alexander. Sodamas from Assos in the Troad ,

[9] a city at the foot of Ida, was the first of the Aeolians in this district to win at Olympia the foot-race for boys. By the side of Sodamas stands Archidamus, son of Agesilaus, king of the Lacedaemonians. Before this Archidamus no king, so far as I could learn, had his statue set up by the Lacedaemonians, at least outside the boundaries of the country. They sent the statue of Archidamus to Olympia chiefly, in my opinion, on account of his death, because he met his end in a foreign land, and is the only king in Sparta who is known to have missed burial.

[10] I have spoken at greater length on this matter in my account of Sparta .⁴ Euanthes of Cyzicus won prizes for boxing, one among the men at Olympia , and also among the boys at the Nemean and at the Isthmian games. By the side of Euanthes is the statue of a horse-breeder and his chariot; mounted on the chariot is a young maid. The man's name is Lampus, and his native city was the last to be founded in Macedonia , named after its founder Philip, son of Amyntas.

[11] The statue of Cyniscus, the boy boxer from Mantinea , was made by Polycleitus. Ergoteles, the son of Philanor, won two victories in the long foot-race at Olympia , and two at Pytho , the Isthmus and Nemea . The inscription on the statue states that he came originally from Himera; but it is said that this is incorrect, and that be was a Cretan from Cnossus . Expelled from Cnossus by a political party he came to Himera, was given citizenship and won many honors besides. It was accordingly natural for him to be proclaimed at the games as a native of Himera.

English (Jones and Ormerod; retranslated Gregory Nagy, CHS, 2018) (OCR draft) Experimental (CHS Pausanias Reader retranslation by Gregory Nagy, based on Jones and Ormerod, with marked Greek terms, notes, quotations, and bibliographic attributions preserved.) — 6.4 focus

[1] Next to the statue of Lysander is an Ephesian boxer who beat the other boys, his competitors—his name was Athenaios,—and also a man of Sikyon who was a competitor in the pankration, Sostratos, surnamed Akrokhersites. He got that surname because he used to grip his antagonist by the fingers and bend them, and would not let go until he saw that his opponent had given in.

[2] He won at the Nemean and Isthmian Games combined twelve victories, three victories at Olympia, and two at Pythō. The hundred and fourth Festival, when Sostratos won his first victory, is not reckoned by the Eleians, because the Games were held by the Pisans and Arcadians and not by themselves.

[3] Beside Sostratos is a statue of Leontiskos, a man wrestler, a native of Sicily from Messene on the Strait. He was garlanded, they say, by the Amphiktyones and twice by the Eleians, and his mode of wrestling was similar to the pankration of Sostratos the Sikyonian. For they say that Leontiskos did not know how to throw his opponents, but won by bending their fingers.

[4] The statue was made by Pythagoras of Rhēgion, an excellent sculptor if ever there was one. They say that he studied under Klearkhos, who was likewise a native of Rhēgion and a pupil of Eukheiros. Eukheiros, it is said, was a Corinthian, and attended the school of Syadras and Khartas, men of Sparta.

[5] The boy who is binding his head with a fillet must be mentioned in my account because of Pheidias and his great skill as a sculptor, but we do not know whose portrait the statue is that Pheidias made. Satyros of Elis, son of Lysianax, of the clan of the Iamidai, won five victories at Nemeā for boxing, two at Pythō, and two at Olympia. The artist who made the statue was Silanion, an Athenian. Polykles, another sculptor of the Attic school, a pupil of Stadieus the Athenian, has made the statue of an Ephesian boy who competed in the pankration, Amyntas the son of Hellanikos.

[6] Khilon, an Achaean of Patrai, won two prizes for men wrestlers at Olympia, one at Delphi, four at the Isthmus, and three at the Nemean Games. He was buried at the public expense by the Achaeans, and his fate it was to lose his life on the field of battle. My statement is borne out by the inscription at Olympia:

“In wrestling only I alone conquered twice the men at Olympia and at Pythō,
Three times at Nemeā, and four times at the Isthmus near the sea;
Khilon of Patrai, son of Khilon, whom the Achaean folk
Buried for my valor when I died in battle.”

[7] Thus much is plain from the inscription. But the date of Lysippos, who made the statue, leads me to infer about the war in which Khilon fell, that plainly either he marched to Khaironeia with the whole of the Achaeans, or else his personal courage and daring led him alone of the Achaeans to fight against the Macedonians under Antipatros at the battle of Lamia in Thessaly.

[8] Next to Khilon two statues have been set up. One is that of a man named Molpion, who, says the inscription, was garlanded by the Eleians. The other statue bears no inscription, but tradition says that it represents Aristotle from Stageira in Thrace, and that it was set up either by a pupil or else by some soldier aware of Aristotle’s influence with Antipatros and at an earlier date with Alexander. Sodamas from Assos in the Troad,

[9] a city at the foot of Ida, was the first of the Aeolians in this district to win at Olympia the foot-race for boys. By the side of Sodamas stands Arkhidamos, son of Agesilaos, king of the Lacedaemonians. Before this Arkhidamos, no king, so far as I could learn, had his statue set up by the Lacedaemonians, at least outside the boundaries of the country. They sent the statue of Arkhidamos to Olympia chiefly, in my opinion, on account of his death, because he met his end in a barbarian land, and is the only king in Sparta who is known to have missed burial.

[10] I have spoken at greater length on this matter in my account of Sparta.

Euanthes of Kyzikos won prizes for boxing, one among the men at Olympia, and also among the boys at the Nemean and at the Isthmian Games. By the side of Euanthes is the statue of a horse-breeder and his chariot; mounted on the chariot is a young maid. The man’s name is Lampos, and his native city was the last to be founded in Macedonia, named after its founder Philip, son of Amyntas.

[11] The statue of Kyniskos, the boy boxer from Mantineia, was made by Polycleitus. Ergoteles, the son of Philanor, won two victories in the long foot-race at Olympia, and two at Pythō, the Isthmus, and Nemeā. The inscription on the statue states that he came originally from Himera, but it is said that this is incorrect, and that he was a Cretan from Knossos. Expelled from Knossos by a political party, he came to Himera, was given citizenship, and won many honors besides. It was accordingly natural for him to be proclaimed at the Games as a native of Himera.

New Alexandria Commentaries

Gregory Nagy, Editors: Angelia Hanhardt and Keith DeStone, Web producer: Noel Spencer, Consultant for images: Jill Curry Robbins, \[\[Noel gives this a separate URN\]\]

Pausanias Description of Greece 6.4

ed. Friedrich Spiro

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