Pausanias, Description of Greece, ed. Friedrich Spiro, 6.15

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[1]
Ἀρχίππῳ δὲ Μιτυληναίῳ τοὺς ἐς τὴν πυγμὴν ἐσελθόντας κρατήσαντι ἄνδρας ἄλλο τοιόνδε προσποιοῦσιν οἱ Μιτυληναῖοι ἐς δόξαν, ὡς καὶ τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ Πυθοῖ καὶ Νεμέᾳ καὶ Ἰσθμῷ λάβοι στέφανον ἡλικίαν οὐ πρόσω γεγονὼς ἐτῶν εἴκοσι. τὸν δὲ παῖδα σταδιοδρόμον Ξένωνα Καλλιτέλους ἐν Λεπρέου τοῦ ἐν τῇ Τριφυλίᾳ Πυριλάμπης Μεσσήνιος, Κλεινόμαχον δὲ Ἠλεῖον ὅστις ὁ ποιήσας ἐστὶν οὐκ ἴσμεν· ἀνηγορεύθη δὲ ὁ Κλεινόμαχος ἐπὶ νίκῃ πεντάθλου.

[2] Παντάρκην δὲ Ἠλεῖον Ἀχαιῶν ἀνάθημα εἶναι τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ φησιν· εἰρήνην τε γὰρ Ἀχαιοῖς ποιῆσαι καὶ Ἠλείοις αὐτόν, καὶ ὅσοι παρʼ ἀμφοτέρων πολεμούντων ἑαλώκεσαν, ἄφεσιν καὶ τούτοις γενέσθαι καὶ διʼ αὐτόν. οὗτος ἀνείλετο καὶ κέλητι ἵππῳ νίκην ὁ Παντάρκης, καί οἱ καὶ τῆς νίκης ὑπόμνημά ἐστιν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ. Ὀλίδαν δὲ ἀνέθηκεν Ἠλεῖον τὸ ἔθνος τὸ Αἰτωλῶν, Χαρῖνος δὲ Ἠλεῖος ἐπὶ διαύλου τε ἀνάκειται καὶ ὅπλου νίκῃ· παρὰ δὲ αὐτὸν Ἀγέλης Χῖος κρατήσας πυγμῇ παῖδας, Θεομνήστου Σαρδιανοῦ τέχνη.

[3]
Κλειτομάχου δὲ Θηβαίου τὴν μὲν εἰκόνα ἀνέθηκεν Ἑρμοκράτης ὁ τοῦ Κλειτομάχου πατήρ, τὰ δὲ οἱ ἐς δόξαν ἦν τοιάδε. ἐν Ἰσθμῷ παλαιστὰς κατεπάλαισεν 0 ἄνδρας καὶ ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τῆς αὐτῆς τούς τε ἐς τὴν πυγμὴν καὶ τοὺς ἐς τὸ παγκράτιον ἐσελθόντας ἐκράτει τῇ μάχῃ· αἱ δὲ Πυθοῖ νῖκαι παγκρατίου μέν εἰσιν αὐτῷ πᾶσαι, τρεῖς δὲ ἀριθμόν· ἐν δὲ Ὀλυμπίᾳ δεύτερος ὁ Κλειτόμαχος οὗτος μετὰ τὸν Θάσιον Θεαγένην ἐπὶ παγκρατίῳ τε ἀνηγορεύθη καὶ πυγμῇ.

[4] παγκρατίου μὲν οὖν μιᾷ πρὸς ταῖς τεσσαράκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν Ὀλυμπιάσιν ἔφθανεν ἀνῃρημένος νίκην· ἡ δὲ Ὀλυμπιὰς ἡ ἐφεξῆς εἶχε μὲν τὸν Κλειτόμαχον τοῦτον παγκρατίου καὶ πυγμῆς ἀγωνιστήν, εἶχε δὲ καὶ Ἠλεῖον Κάπρον ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τῆς αὐτῆς παλαῖσαί τε ὁμοῦ καὶ παγκρατιάσαι προθυμούμενον.

[5] γεγονυίας δὲ ἤδη τῷ Κάπρῳ νίκης ἐπὶ τῇ πάλῃ, ἀνεδίδασκεν ὁ Κλειτόμαχος τοὺς Ἑλλανοδίκας γενήσεσθαι σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ σφίσιν, εἰ τὸ παγκράτιον ἐσκαλέσαιντο πρὶν ἢ πυκτεύσαντα αὐτὸν λαβεῖν τραύματα· λέγει τε δὴ εἰκότα καὶ οὕτως ἐσκληθέντος τοῦ παγκρατίου κρατηθεὶς ὑπὸ τοῦ Κάπρου ὅμως ἐχρήσατο ἐς τοὺς πύκτας θυμῷ τε ἐρρωμένῳ καὶ ἀκμῆτι τῷ σώματι.

[6]
Ἐρυθραῖοι δὲ οἱ Ἴωνες Ἐπιθέρσην τὸν Μητροδώρου, δύο μὲν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ πυγμῆς, δὶς δὲ Πυθοῖ νίκας καὶ ἐν Νεμέᾳ τε καὶ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ λαβόντα, οὗτοι μὲν τὸν Ἐπιθέρσην τοῦτον, Συρακούσιοι δὲ δύο μὲν Ἱέρωνος εἰκόνας τὸ δημόσιον, τρίτην δὲ ἀνέθεσαν οἱ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος παῖδες· ἐδήλωσα δὲ ὀλίγῳ τι πρότερον ὡς ὁμώνυμός τε τῷ Δεινομένους ὁ Ἱέρων οὗτος καὶ Συρακουσῶν εἴη κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἐκείνῳ τύραννος.

[7]
ἀνέθεσαν δὲ καὶ Ἠλεῖον ἄνδρα Τιμόπτολιν Λάμπιδος Παλεῖς, ἡ τετάρτη Κεφαλλήνων μοῖρα· οὗτοι δὲ οἱ Παλεῖς ἐκαλοῦντο Δουλιχιεῖς τὰ ἀρχαιότερα. ἀνάκειται δὲ καὶ Ἀρχίδαμος ὁ Ἀγησιλάου καὶ ἀνὴρ ὅστις δὴ θηρεύοντος παρεχόμενος σχῆμα. Δημήτριον δὲ τὸν ἐλάσαντα ἐπὶ Σέλευκον στρατιᾷ καὶ ἁλόντα ἐν τῇ μάχῃ καὶ τοῦ Δημητρίου τὸν παῖδα Ἀντίγονον ἀναθήματα ἴστω τις Βυζαντίων ὄντας.

[8] Σπαρτιάτῃ δὲ Εὐτελίδᾳ γεγόνασιν ἐν παισὶ νῖκαι δύο ἐπὶ τῆς ὀγδόης καὶ τριακοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος πάλης, ἡ δὲ ἑτέρα πεντάθλου· πρῶτον γὰρ δὴ τότε οἱ παῖδες καὶ ὕστατον πενταθλήσοντες ἐσεκλήθησαν· ἔστι δὲ ἥ τε εἰκὼν ἀρχαία τοῦ Εὐτελίδα, καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῷ βάθρῳ γράμματα ἀμυδρὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου.

[9] μετὰ δὲ τὸν Εὐτελίδαν Ἀρεύς τε αὖθις ὁ Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεὺς καὶ Ἠλεῖος παρʼ αὐτὸν ἀνάκειται Γόργος. μόνῳ δὲ ἀνθρώπων ἄχρι ἐμοῦ τῷ Γόργῳ τέσσαρες μὲν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ γεγόνασιν ἐπὶ πεντάθλῳ, διαύλου δὲ καὶ ὅπλου μία ἐφʼ ἑκατέρῳ νίκη.

[10]
ὅτῳ δὲ παρεστήκασιν οἱ παῖδες, τοῦτον μὲν Πτολεμαῖον τὸν Λάγου φασὶν εἶναι· παρὰ δὲ αὐτὸν ἀνδριάντες δύο ἀνδρός εἰσιν Ἠλείου Κάπρου τοῦ Πυθαγόρου, πάλης τε εἰληφότος καὶ παγκρατίου στέφανον ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τῆς αὐτῆς· πρώτῳ δὲ γεγόνασιν ἀνθρώπων αἱ δύο νῖκαι τῷ Κάπρῳ τούτῳ. τὸν μὲν δὴ ἐπὶ τοῦ παγκρατίου καταγωνισθέντα ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ δεδήλωκεν δὲ ὁ λόγος ἤδη μοι· παλαίων δὲ κατέβαλεν Ἠλεῖον
Παιάνιον Ὀλυμπιάδα πάλῃ τὴν προτέραν ἀνῃρημένον καὶ Πύθια παίδων τε πυγμῇ καὶ αὖθις ἐν ἀνδράσι πάλῃ τε καὶ πυγμῇ στεφανωθέντα ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τῆς αὐτῆς.

Description of Greece. Pausanias. ed. Friedrich Spiro. Leipzig. 1903.

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Current edition Perseus

Ἑλλάδος Περιηγήσεως (Greek) (Pausanias. Pausaniae Graeciae descriptio, Volumes 1-3. Spiro, Friedrich, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903.)

Translations (2)

Description of Greece Perseus (Pausanias. Pausanias Description of Greece, Volumes 1-4. Jones, W.H.S. (William Henry Samuel), translator; Ormerod, Henry Arderne, translator. London, New York: W. Heinemann, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1918-1935.) — 6.15 focus

[1]
Archippus of Mitylene overcame his competitors in the men's boxing-match, and his fellow-townsmen hold that he added to his fame by winning the crown, when he was not more than twenty years old, at Olympia , at Pytho , at Nemea and at the Isthmus. The statue of the boy runner Xenon, son of Calliteles from Lepreus in Triphylia, was made by Pyrilampes the Messenan; who made the statue of Cleinomachus of Elis I do not know, but Cleinomachus was proclaimed victor in the pentathlum.

[2] The inscription on the statue of Pantarces of Elis states that it was dedicated by Achaeans, because he made peace between them and the Eleans, and procured the release of those who had been made prisoners by both sides during the war. This Pantarces also won a victory with a race-horse, and there is a memorial of his victory also at Olympia . The statue of Olidas, of Elis , was dedicated by the Aetolian nation, and Charinus of Elis is represented in a statue dedicated for a victory in the double race and in the race in armour. By his side is Ageles of Chios , victorious in the boys' boxing-match, the artist being Theomnestus of Sardes .

[3]
The statue of Cleitomachus of Thebes was dedicated by his father Hermocrates, and his famous deeds are these. At the isthmus he won the men's wrestling-match, and on the same day he overcame all competitors in the boxing-match and in the pancratium. His victories at Pytho were all in the pancratium, three in number. At Olympia this Cleitomachus was the first after Theagenes of Thasos to be proclaimed victor in both boxing and the pancratium.

[4] He won his victory in the pancratium at the hundred and forty-first Olympic Festival¹. The next Festival saw this Cleitomachus a competitor in the pancratium and in boxing, while Caprus of Elis was minded both to wrestle and to compete in the pancratium on the same day.

[5] After Caprus had won in the wrestling-match, Cleitomachus put it to the umpires that it would be fair if they were to bring in the pancratium before he received wounds in the boxing. His request seemed reasonable, and so the pancratium was brought in. Although Cleitomachus was defeated by Caprus he tackled the boxers with sturdy spirit and unwearied vigor.

[6]
The Ionians of Erythrae dedicated a statue of Epitherses, son of Metrodorus, who won two boxing prizes at Olympia , two at Pytho , and also victories at Nemea and the Isthmus; the Syracusans dedicated two statues of Hiero at the public charge, while a third is the gift of Hiero's sons. I pointed out in a recent chapter² ow this Hiero had the same name as the son of Deinomenes, and, like him, was despot of Syracuse .

[7] The Paleans, who form one of the four divisions of the Cephallenians, dedicated a statue of Timoptolis, an Elean, the son of Lampis. These Paleans were of old called Dulichians. There is also a statue set up of Archidamus the son of Agesilaus, and of some man or other representing a hunter. There is a statue of Demetrius, who made an expedition against Seleucus and was taken prisoner in the battle, and one of Antigonus the son of Demetrius; they are offerings, you may be sure, of the Byzantines.

[8] At the thirty-eighth Festival³ Eutelidas the Spartan won two victories among the boys, one for wrestling and one for the pentathlum, this being the first and last occasion when boys were allowed to enter for the pentathlum. The statue of Eutelidas is old, and the letters on the pedestal are worn dim with age.

[9] After Eutelidas is another statue of Areus the Lacedaemonian king, and beside it is a statue of Gorgus the Elean. Gorgus is the only man down to my time who has won four victories at Olympia for the pentathlum, beside a victory in the double race and a victory in the race in armour.

[10]
The man with the boys standing beside him they say is Ptolemy, son of Lagus⁴. Beside him are two statues of the Elean Caprus, the son of Pythagoras, who received on the same day a crown for wrestling and a crown for the pancratium. This Caprus was the first man to win the two victories. His victim overcome in the pancratium I have already mentioned;⁵ in wrestling the man he overcame was the Elean Paeanius, who at the previous Festival had won a victory for wrestling, while at the Pythian games he won a crown in the boys' boxing-match, and again in the men's wrestling-match and in the men's boxing-match on one and the same day.

English (Jones and Ormerod; retranslated Gregory Nagy, CHS, 2018) (OCR draft) Experimental (CHS Pausanias Reader retranslation by Gregory Nagy, based on Jones and Ormerod, with marked Greek terms, notes, quotations, and bibliographic attributions preserved.) — 6.15 focus

[1] Arkhippos of Mitylene overcame his competitors in the men’s boxing match, and his fellow-townsmen hold that he added to his fame by winning the garland when he was not more than twenty years old, at Olympia, at Pythō, at Nemeā, and at the Isthmus. The statue of the boy runner Xenon, son of Kalliteles from Lepreus in Triphylia, was made by Pyrilampes the Messenan; who made the statue of Kleinomakhos of Elis, I do not know, but Kleinomakhos was proclaimed victor in the pentathlon.

[2] The inscription on the statue of Pantarkes of Elis states that it was dedicated by Achaeans, because he made peace between them and the Eleians and procured the release of those who had been made prisoners by both sides during the war. This Pantarkes also won a victory with a race-horse, and there is a memorial of his victory also at Olympia. The statue of Olidas, of Elis, was dedicated by the Aetolian nation, and Kharinos of Elis is represented in a statue dedicated for a victory in the double race and in the race in armor. By his side is Ageles of Chios, victorious in the boys’ boxing match, the artist being Theomnestos of Sardes.

[3] The statue of Kleitomakhos of Thebes was dedicated by his father Hermokrates, and his famous deeds are these. At the Isthmus, he won the men’s wrestling match, and on the same day, he overcame all competitors in the boxing match and in the pankration. His victories at Pythō were all in the pankration, three in number. At Olympia, this Kleitomakhos was the first after Theagenes of Thasos to be proclaimed victor in both boxing and the pankration.

[4] He won his victory in the pankration at the hundred and forty-first Olympic Festival. The next Festival saw this Kleitomakhos a competitor in the pankration and in boxing, while Kapros of Elis was minded both to wrestle and to compete in the pankration on the same day.

[5] After Kapros had won in the wrestling match, Kleitomakhos put it to the umpires that it would be fair if they were to bring in the pankration before he received wounds in the boxing. His request seemed reasonable, and so the pankration was brought in. Although Kleitomakhos was defeated by Kapros, he tackled the boxers with sturdy spirit and unwearied vigor.

[6] The Ionians of Erythraidedicated a statue of Epitherses, son of Metrodoros, who won two boxing prizes at Olympia, two at Pythō, and also victories at Nemeā and the Isthmus; the Syracusans dedicated two statues of Hieron at the public charge, while a third is the gift of Hieron’s sons. I pointed out in a recent chapter how this Hieron had the same name as the son of Deinomenes, and, like him, was despot of Syracuse.

[7] The Paleans, who form one of the four divisions of the Cephallenians, dedicated a statue of Timoptolis, an Eleian, the son of Lampis. These Paleans were of old called Dulichians. There is also a statue set up of Arkhidamos, the son of Agesilaos, and of some man or other representing a hunter. There is a statue of Demetrios, who made an expedition against Seleukos and was taken prisoner in the battle, and one of Antigonos, the son of Demetrios; they are offerings, you may be sure, of the Byzantines.

[8] At the thirty-eighth Festival, Eutelidas the Spartan won two victories among the boys, one for wrestling and one for the pentathlon, this being the first and last occasion when boys were allowed to enter for the pentathlon. The statue of Eutelidas is old, and the letters on the pedestal are worn dim with age.

[9] After Eutelidas is another statue of Areus the Lacedaemonian king, and beside it is a statue of Gorgos the Eleian. Gorgos is the only man down to my time who has won four victories at Olympia for the pentathlon, beside a victory in the double race and a victory in the race in armor.

[10] The man with the boys standing beside him they say is Ptolemy, son of Lagos. Beside him are two statues of the Eleian Kapros, the son of Pythagoras, who received on the same day a garland for wrestling and a garland for the pankration. This Kapros was the first man to win the two victories. His victim overcome in the pankration I have already mentioned; in wrestling, the man he overcame was the Eleian Paeanios, who at the previous Festival had won a victory for wrestling, while at the Pythian Games, he won a garland in the boys’ boxing match, and again in the men’s wrestling match and in the men’s boxing match on one and the same day.

New Alexandria Commentaries

Gregory Nagy, Editors: Angelia Hanhardt and Keith DeStone, Web producer: Noel Spencer, Consultant for images: Jill Curry Robbins, \[\[Noel gives this a separate URN\]\]

Pausanias Description of Greece 6.15

ed. Friedrich Spiro

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