Pausanias, Description of Greece, ed. Friedrich Spiro, 6.12

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[1]
πλησίον δὲ ἅρμα τέ ἐστι χαλκοῦν καὶ ἀνὴρ ἀναβεβηκὼς ἐπʼ αὐτό, κέλητες δὲ ἵπποι παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα εἷς ἑκατέρωθεν ἕστηκε καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων καθέζονται παῖδες· ὑπομνήματα δὲ ἐπὶ νίκαις Ὀλυμπικαῖς ἐστιν Ἱέρωνος τοῦ Δεινομένους τυραννήσαντος Συρακουσίων μετὰ τὸν ἀδελφὸν Γέλωνα. τὰ δὲ ἀναθήματα οὐχ Ἱέρων ἀπέστειλεν, ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ἀποδοὺς τῷ θεῷ Δεινομένης ἐστὶν ὁ Ἱέρωνος, ἔργα δὲ τὸ μὲν Ὀνάτα τοῦ Αἰγινήτου τὸ ἅρμα, Καλάμιδος δὲ οἱ ἵπποι τε οἱ ἑκατέρωθεν καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν εἰσιν οἱ παῖδες. 0

[2]
παρὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὸ ἅρμα ἀνήρ ἐστιν ὁμώνυμός τε τῷ Δεινομένους καὶ ἐν Συρακούσαις καὶ οὗτος τυραννήσας, Ἱέρων δὲ ἐκαλεῖτο Ἱεροκλέους· μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀγαθοκλέους τοῦ πρότερον τυραννήσαντος τελευτὴν Συρακουσίοις αὖθις ἀναπεφύκει τύραννος ὁ Ἱέρων οὗτος, τὴν δὲ ἀρχὴν εἶχεν ἔτει δευτέρῳ τῆς ἕκτης Ὀλυμπιάδος ἐπὶ ταῖς εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατόν, ἣν Κυρηναῖος στάδιον ἐνίκησεν Ἰδαῖος.

[3] οὗτος ὁ Ἱέρων ξενίαν πρὸς Πύρρον τὸν Αἰακίδου καὶ ὁμοῦ τῇ ξενίᾳ καὶ ἐπιγαμίαν ἐποιήσατο, Γέλωνι τῷ παιδὶ Νηρηίδα ἀγαγόμενος τὴν Πύρρου. Ῥωμαίων δὲ περὶ Σικελίας ἐς τὴν πρὸς Καρχηδονίους πόλεμον καταστάντων εἶχον μὲν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι τῆς νήσου πλέον ἢ ἥμισυ, Ἱέρωνι δὲ συνιόντων μὲν ἄρτι ἐς τὸν πόλεμον ἑλέσθαι τὰ Καρχηδονίων ἤρεσε, μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολὺ δυνάμει τε εἶναι νομίζων τὰ Ῥωμαίων ἐχυρώτερα καὶ βεβαιότερα ἅμα ἐς φιλίαν μετεβάλετο ὡς τούτους.

[4] τοῦ δέ οἱ βίου συνέβη γενέσθαι τὴν τελευτὴν ὑπὸ Δεινομένους, γένος μὲν Συρακουσίου, δυσμενέστατα δὲ ἀνδρὸς ἐς τυραννίδα ἔχοντος, ὃς καὶ ὕστερον τούτων Ἱπποκράτει τῷ ἀδελφῷ τῷ Ἐπικύδους ἐξ Ἐρβησσοῦ παρεληλυθότι ἄρτι ἐς Συρακούσας καὶ ἐς τὸ πλῆθος ποιεῖσθαι λόγους ἀρχομένῳ ἐπέδραμεν ὡς ἀποκτενῶν τὸν Ἱπποκράτην· τοῦ δέ οἱ ἀντιστάντος, κρατήσαντες τῶν δορυφόρων ἄλλοι διαφθείρουσι τὸν Δεινομένην. τοὺς ἀνδριάντας δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ, ἐφʼ ἵππου τὸν ἕτερον, 0 τὸν δὲ αὐτῶν πεζόν, ἀνέθεσαν μὲν τοῦ Ἱέρωνος οἱ παῖδες, ἐποίησε δὲ Μίκων Νικηράτου Συρακούσιος.

[5]
μετὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὰς εἰκόνας Ἀρεὺς ὁ Ἀκροτάτου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεὺς καὶ Ἄρατος ἕστηκεν ὁ Κλεινίου, καὶ αὖθις ἀναβεβηκώς ἐστιν Ἀρεὺς ἵππον. ἀνάθημα δὲ ὁ μὲν Κορινθίων ὁ Ἄρατος, Ἀρεὺς δὲ Ἠλείων ἐστί· καί μοι τοῦ λόγου τὰ πρότερα οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἄρατον οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἀρέα ἀμνημόνως ἔσχεν, Ἄρατος δὲ καὶ ἅρματι ἀνηγορεύθη νικῶν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ.

[6] Τίμωνι δὲ τῷ Αἰσύπου καθέντι ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἵππους ἀνδρὶ Ἠλείῳ ἐστι τοῦτο χαλκοῦν, ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἀναβέβηκε παρθένος, ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν Νίκη. Κάλλωνα δὲ τὸν Ἁρμοδίου καὶ τὸν Μοσχίωνος Ἱππόμαχον, γένος τε Ἠλείους καὶ πυγμῇ κρατήσαντας ἐν παισί, τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν ἐποίησε Δάιππος, Ἱππομάχου δὲ ὅστις μὲν τὸν ἀνδριάντα εἰργάσατο οὐκ ἴσμεν, καταμαχέσασθαι δὲ τρεῖς φασιν ἀνταγωνιστὰς αὐτὸν οὔτε πληγὴν ἀποδεξάμενον οὔτε τι τρωθέντα τοῦ σώματος.

[7] Θεόχρηστον δὲ Κυρηναῖον ἱπποτροφήσαντα κατὰ τὸ ἐπιχώριον τοῖς Λίβυσι καὶ αὐτόν τε ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ ἔτι πρότερον τὸν ὁμώνυμόν τε αὐτῷ καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς πατέρα, τούτους μὲν ἐνταῦθα ἵππων νίκας, ἐν δὲ Ἰσθμῷ τοῦ Θεοχρήστου λαβεῖν τὸν πατέρα, τὸ ἐπίγραμμα δηλοῖ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ ἅρματι.

[8] Ἀγήσαρχον δὲ τὸν Αἱμοστράτου Τριταιέα κρατῆσαι μὲν πύκτας ἄνδρας ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ 0 Νεμέᾳ τε καὶ Πυθοῖ καὶ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ μαρτυρεῖ τὸ ἐλεγεῖον, Ἀρκάδας δὲ τοὺς Τριταιεῖς εἶναι τοῦ ἐλεγείου λέγοντος οὐκ ἀληθεύοντα εὕρισκον. πόλεων γὰρ τῶν ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ ταῖς μὲν ἐπειλημμέναις δόξης οὐδὲ τὰ ἐς τοὺς οἰκιστάς ἐστιν ἄγνωστα, τὰς δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τε ὑπὸ ἀσθενείας ἀφανεστέρας καὶ διʼ αὐτὸ ἀνοικισθείσας ἐς Μεγάλην πόλιν, οὐ περιέχει σφᾶς γενόμενον τότε ὑπὸ τε τοῦ Ἀρκάδων κοινοῦ δόγμα;

[9] οὐδέ τινα ἔστιν ἐν Ἕλλησι Τρίτειαν πόλιν ἄλλην γε ἢ τὴν Ἀχαιῶν εὑρεῖν. τηνικαῦτα γοῦν ἐς Ἀρκάδας ἡγοῖτο ἄν τις συντελέσαι τοὺς Τριταιεῖς, καθὰ καὶ νῦν ἔτι Ἀρκάδων αὐτῶν εἰσιν οἱ ἐς τὸ Ἀργολικὸν τελοῦντες. τοῦ Ἀγησάρχου δέ ἐστιν ἡ εἰκὼν τέχνη τῶν Πολυκλέους παίδων. τούτων μὲν δὴ ποιησόμεθα μνήμην καὶ ἐν τοῖς ὑστέροις τοῦ λόγου·

Description of Greece. Pausanias. ed. Friedrich Spiro. Leipzig. 1903.

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Current edition Perseus

Ἑλλάδος Περιηγήσεως (Greek) (Pausanias. Pausaniae Graeciae descriptio, Volumes 1-3. Spiro, Friedrich, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903.)

Translations (2)

Description of Greece Perseus (Pausanias. Pausanias Description of Greece, Volumes 1-4. Jones, W.H.S. (William Henry Samuel), translator; Ormerod, Henry Arderne, translator. London, New York: W. Heinemann, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1918-1935.) — 6.12 focus

[1]
Hard by is a bronze chariot with a man mounted upon it; race-horses, one on each side, stand beside the chariot, and on the horses are seated boys. They are memorials of Olympic victories won by Hiero the son of Deinomenes, who was tyrant of Syracuse after his brother Gelo. But the offerings were not sent by Hiero; it was Hiero's son Deinomenes who gave them to the god, Onatas the Aeginetan who made the chariot, and Calamis who made the horses on either side and the boys on them.

[2]
By the chariot of Hiero is a man of the same name as the son of Deinomenes. He too was tyrant of Syracuse , and was called Hiero the son of Hierocles. After the death of Agathocles, a former tyrant, tyranny again sprung up at Syracuse in the person of this Hiero, who came to power in the second year of the hundred and twenty-sixth Olympiad¹, at which Festival Idaeus of Cyrene won the foot-race.

[3] This Hiero made an alliance with Pyrrhus the son of Aeacides, sealing it by the marriage of Gelo his son and Nereis the daughter of Pyrrhus. When the Romans went to war with Carthage for the possession of Sicily , the Carthaginians held more than half the island, and Hiero sided with them at the beginning of the war. Shortly after, however, he changed over to the Romans, thinking that they were stronger, and firmer and more reliable friends.

[4] He met his end at the hands of Deinomenes, a Syracusan by birth and an inveterate enemy of tyranny, who afterwards, when Hippocrates the brother of Epicydes had just come from Erbessus to Syracuse and was beginning to harangue the multitude, rushed at him with intent to kill him. But Hippocrates withstood him, and certain of the bodyguard over-powered and slew Deinomenes. The statues of Hiero at Olympia , one on horseback and the other on foot, were dedicated by the sons of Hiero, the artist being Micon, a Syracusan, the son of Niceratus.

[5]
After the likenesses of Hiero stand Areus the Lacedaemonian king, the son of Acrotatus, and Aratus the son of Cleinias, with another statue of Areus on horseback. The statue of Aratus was dedicated by the Corinthians, that of Areus by the people of Elis .

[6] I have already given some account of both Aratus and Areus,² and Aratus was also proclaimed at Olympia as victor in the chariot-race. Timon, an Elean, the son of Aesypus, entered a four-horse chariot for the Olympic races this is of bronze, and on it is mounted a maiden, who, in my opinion, is Victory. Callon the son of Harmodius and Hippomachus the son of Moschion, Elean by race, were victors in the boys' boxing-match. The statue of Callon was made by Daippus; who made that of Hippomachus I do not know, but it is said that he overcame three antagonists without receiving a blow or any physical injury.

[7] Theochrestus of Cyrene bred horses after the traditional Libyan manner; he himself and before him his paternal grandfather of the same name won victories at Olympia with the four-horse chariot, while the father of Theochrestus won a victory at the Isthmus. So declares the inscription on the chariot.

[8] The elegiac verses bear witness that Agesarchus of Triteia , the son of Haemostratus, won the boxing-match for men at Olympia , Nemea , Pytho and the Isthmus; they also declare that the Tritaeans are Arcadians, but I found this statement to be untrue. For the founders of the Arcadian cities that attained to fame have well-known histories; while those that had all along been obscure because of their weakness were surely absorbed for this very reason into Megalopolis , being included in the decree then made by the Arcadian confederacy;

[9] no other city Triteia , except the one in Achaia , is to be found in Greece . However, one may assume that at the time of the inscription the Tritaeans were reckoned as Arcadians, just as nowadays too certain of the Arcadians themselves are reckoned as Argives. The statue of Agesarchus is the work of the sons of Polycles, of whom we shall give some account later on.³

English (Jones and Ormerod; retranslated Gregory Nagy, CHS, 2018) (OCR draft) Experimental (CHS Pausanias Reader retranslation by Gregory Nagy, based on Jones and Ormerod, with marked Greek terms, notes, quotations, and bibliographic attributions preserved.) — 6.12 focus

[1] Hard by is a bronze chariot with a man mounted upon it; race-horses, one on each side, stand beside the chariot, and on the horses are seated boys. They are memorials of Olympic victories won by Hieron, the son of Deinomenes, who was tyrant of Syracuse after his brother Gelo. But the offerings were not sent by Hieron; it was Hieron’s son Deinomenes who gave them to the god, Onatas the Aeginetan who made the chariot, and Kalamis who made the horses on either side and the boys on them.

[2] By the chariot of Hieron is a man of the same name as the son of Deinomenes. He too was tyrant of Syracuse, and was called Hieron, the son of Hierokles. After the death of Agathokles, a former tyrant, tyranny again sprung up at Syracuse in the person of this Hieron, who came to power in the second year of the hundred and twenty-sixth Olympiad, at which Festival Idaios of Cyrene won the foot race.

[3] This Hieron made an alliance with Pyrrhos the son of Aiakidēs, sealing it by the marriage of Gelo, his son, and Nereis, the daughter of Pyrrhos. When the Romans went to war with Carthage for the possession of Sicily, the Carthaginians held more than half the island, and Hieron sided with them at the beginning of the war. Shortly after, however, he changed over to the Romans, thinking that they were stronger, and firmer and more reliable friends.

[4] He met his end at the hands of Deinomenes, a Syracusan by birth and an inveterate enemy of tyranny, who afterwards, when Hippokrates the brother of Epikydes had just come from Erbessus to Syracuse and was beginning to harangue the multitude, rushed at him with intent to kill him. But Hippokrates withstood him, and certain of the bodyguard overpowered and slew Deinomenes. The statues of Hieron at Olympia, one on horseback and the other on foot, were dedicated by the sons of Hieron, the artist being Mikon, a Syracusan, the son of Nikeratos.

[5] After the likenesses of Hieron stand Areus the Lacedaemonian king, the son of Akrotatos, and Aratos, the son of Kleinias with another statue of Areus on horseback. The statue of Aratos was dedicated by the Corinthians, that of Areus by the people of Elis.

[6] I have already given some account of both Aratos and Areus, and Aratos was also proclaimed at Olympia as victor in the chariot race. Timon, an Eleian, the son of Aisypos, entered a four-horse chariot for the Olympic races […] this is of bronze, and on it is mounted a maiden, who, in my opinion, is Victory. Kallon, the son of Harmodios, and Hippomakhos, the son of Moschion, Eleian by lineage, were victors in the boys’ boxing match. The statue of Kallon was made by Daippos; who made that of Hippomakhos I do not know, but it is said that he overcame three antagonists without receiving a blow or any physical injury.

[7] Theokhrestos of Cyrene bred horses after the traditional Libyan manner; he himself and before him his paternal grandfather of the same name won victories at Olympia with the four-horse chariot, while the father of Theokhrestos won a victory at the Isthmus. So declares the inscription on the chariot.

[8] The elegiac verses bear witness that Agesarkhos of Triteia, the son of Haimostratos, won the boxing match for men at Olympia, Nemeā, Pythō, and the Isthmus; they also declare that the Tritaeans are Arcadians, but I found this statement to be untrue. For the founders of the Arcadian cities that attained to fame have well-known histories; while those that had all along been obscure because of their weakness were surely absorbed for this very reason into Megalopolis, being included in the decree then made by the Arcadian confederacy;

[9] no other city Triteia, except the one in Achaea, is to be found in Greece. However, one may assume that at the time of the inscription, the Tritaeans were reckoned as Arcadians, just as nowadays too certain of the Arcadians themselves are reckoned as Argives. The statue of Agesarkhos is the work of the sons of Polykles, of whom we shall give some account later on.

New Alexandria Commentaries

Gregory Nagy, Editors: Angelia Hanhardt and Keith DeStone, Web producer: Noel Spencer, Consultant for images: Jill Curry Robbins, \[\[Noel gives this a separate URN\]\]

Pausanias Description of Greece 6.12

ed. Friedrich Spiro

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