Strabo, Geography, Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator), 11.2.10

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[10] Upon sailing¹ into the Corocondametis, we meet with Phanagoria, a considerable city, Cepi, Hermonassa, and Apa turum, the temple of Venus (Apatura). Of these cities Phanagoria and Cepi are situated in the above-mentioned island on the left hand at the entrance of the lake; the others are on the right hand in Sindica beyond the Hypanis. There is Gorgipia,² but the royal seat of the Sindi is in Sindica near the sea, and Aborace.

All those who are subject to the princes of the Bosporus are called Bosporani. The capital of the European Bosporani is Panticapaeum, and of the Asian Bosporani, the city of Phanagorium,³ for this is the name given to it. Phanagoria seems to be the mart for those commodities which are brought down from the Maeotis, and from the barbarous country lying above it; and Panticapaeum, the mart for the commodities which are transported thither from the sea. There is also in Phanagoria a magnificent temple of Venus Apatura, the Deceitful. This epithet of the goddess is derived from a fable, according to which the giants assaulted her in this place. Having obtained the assistance of Hercules she hid him in a cave, and then admitted the giants one by one into her presence, and delivered them over to Hercules, thus craftily⁴ to be put to death.

Geography. Strabo. Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator). London. 1854-1857.

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Current edition Perseus

Geography (English) (Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Vols. 1-3. Hamilton, Hans Claude, translator; Falconer, William, translator. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854-1857.)

Editions (1)

Γεωγραφικά Perseus (Strabo. Strabonis Geographica, Vols. 1-3. Meineke, August, editor. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877.) — 11.2.10 focus

[10] εἰσπλεύσαντι δʼ εἰς τὴν Κοροκονδαμῖτιν ἥ τε Φαναγόρειά ἐστι πόλις ἀξιόλογος καὶ Κῆποι καὶ Ἑρμώνασσα καὶ τὸ Ἀπάτουρον τὸ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης ἱερόν· ὧν ἡ Φαναγόρεια καὶ οἱ Κῆποι κατὰ τὴν λεχθεῖσαν νῆσον ἵδρυνται εἰσπλέοντι ἐν ἀριστερᾷ, αἱ δὲ λοιπαὶ πόλεις ἐν δεξιᾷ πέραν Ὑπάνιος ἐν τῇ Σινδικῇ. ἔστι δὲ καὶ Γοργιπία ἐν τῇ Σινδικῇ, τὸ βασίλειον τῶν Σινδῶν πλησίον θαλάττης, καὶ Ἀβοράκη. τοῖς δὲ τοῦ Βοσπόρου δυνάσταις ὑπήκοοι ὄντες ἅπαντες Βοσπορανοὶ καλοῦνται· καὶ ἔστι τῶν μὲν Εὐρωπαίων Βοσπορανῶν μητρόπολις τὸ Παντικάπαιον, τῶν δʼ Ἀσιανῶν τὸ Φαναγόρειον (καλεῖται γὰρ καὶ οὕτως ἡ πόλις), καὶ δοκεῖ τῶν μὲν ἐκ τῆς Μαιώτιδος καὶ τῆς ὑπερκειμένης βαρβάρου κατακομιζομένων ἐμπόριον εἶναι τὰ Φαναγόρεια, τῶν δʼ ἐκ τῆς θαλάττης ἀναφερομένων ἐκεῖσε τὸ Παντικάπαιον. ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἐν τῇ Φαναγορείᾳ τῆς Ἀφροδίτης ἱερὸν ἐπίσημον τῆς Ἀπατούρου· ἐτυμολογοῦσι δὲ τὸ ἐπίθετον τῆς θεοῦ μῦθόν τινα προστησάμενοι, ὡς ἐπιθεμένων ἐνταῦθα τῇ θεῷ τῶν γιγάντων ἐπικαλεσαμένη τὸν Ἡρακλέα κρύψειεν ἐν κευθμῶνί τινι, εἶτα τῶν γιγάντων ἕκαστον δεχομένη καθʼ ἕνα τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ παραδιδοίη δολοφονεῖν ἐξ ἀπάτης.

Translations (1)

Geography (Books 6-14) Perseus (Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Vols. 3-6. Jones, Horace Leonard, translator. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1924-1929 (printing).) — 11.2.10 focus

[10] Sailing into Lake Corocondamitis one comes to Phanagoreia, a noteworthy city, and to Cepi, and to Hermonassa, and to Apaturum, the sanctuary of Aphrodite. Of these, Phanagoreia and Cepi are situated on the island above-mentioned, on the left as one sails in, but the other cities are on the right, across the Hypanis, in the Syndic territory. There is also a place called Gorgipia in the Syndic territory, the royal residence of the Sindi, near the sea; and also a place called Aborace. All the people who are subject to the potentates of the Bosporus are called Bosporians; and Panticapaeum is the metropolis of the European Bosporians, while Phanagoreium (for the name of the city is also spelled thus) is the metropolis of the Asiatic Bosporians. Phanagoreia is reputed to be the emporium for the commodities that are brought down from the Maeotis and the barbarian country that lies above it, and Panticapaeum for those which are carried up thither from the sea. There is also in Phanagoreia a notable temple of Aphrodite Apaturus. Critics derive the etymology of the epithet of the goddess by adducing a certain myth, according to which the Giants attacked the goddess there; but she called upon Heracles for help and hid him in a cave, and then, admitting the Giants one by one, gave them over to Heracles to be murdered through “treachery”¹

Notes on the current edition

Geography

1. It is probable that the Kuban Lake is here confounded with, or considered a portion of, the Lake Ak Tengis. Considering the intricacy of all this coast, the changes that have taken place, and the absence of accurate knowledge, both in ancient and modern times, of these unfrequented parts, much must be left to conjecture. The positions therefore assigned to ancient cities are doubtful. The names indeed are inserted in Kiepert’s maps, but without the assistance of recent travellers it would be hazardous to pretend to fix upon their exact sites.

2. ἔστι δὲ καὶ γοοͅγιπία. Some word or words appear to be wanting here. Kiepert assigns a place to this name, but it seems doubtful whether a place or a district is to be understood. Below, § 14, the Sindic harbour and city are mentioned, which may have been situated at Sound-jouk-kale. D’ Anville places them here or at Anapa, but the contour of the coast in his map does not resemble that of any modern maps.

3. The modern town Phanagoria does not seem to occupy the site of the ancient city.

4. ἐξ ἀπάτης.

Strabo Geography 11.2.10

Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator)

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