Aristotle Poetics 21.6

ed. Henry James Pye

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both proper and foreign though not to the same people; as the word Σίγυνον [c] is proper to the Cyprians and foreign to us. A metaphor [D] is the transposition of a word to an unusual signification, either from the genus to the species

Poetics. Aristotle. ed. Henry James Pye. London. 1792.

Current edition Experimental

The Poetic of Aristotle (Henry James Pye, revised 1792) (OCR draft) (English) (Henry James Pye's revised 1792 English translation, corrected against the 1788 first edition, aligned to the Kassel reference edition, and supplied with a selective apparatus of substantive 1788 readings.)

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (4)
Περὶ ποιητικῆς (OCR draft) (Aristotle, Poetics. Immanuel Bekker, editor, Aristotelis Opera, volume 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1837.) — 21 focus
Περὶ ποιητικῆς (OCR draft) Perseus (Aristotle, De arte poetica liber. Rudolf Kassel, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1965. Reference edition for passage alignment.) — 21 focus
Poetics, Greek text (Ingram Bywater, 1909) (OCR draft) Experimental (Ingram Bywater's Greek text of Aristotle's Poetics, published in 1909.) — 21 focus
Poetics, Greek text (Franz Ritter, 1839) (OCR draft) Experimental (Franz Ritter's 1839 Greek edition, corrected against OCR of the represented copy and aligned to the conventional Perseus chapter-and-subchapter sequence.) — 21 focus
Translations (13)
Poetics (W. H. Fyfe) (OCR draft) Perseus (William Hamilton Fyfe's English translation of Aristotle's Poetics, Loeb Classical Library, 1939 printing.) — 21 focus
Arabic Poetics (Badawī edition, 1953) (OCR draft) (The ancient Arabic translation of Aristotle's Poetics in ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Badawī's 1953 edition.) — 21 focus
Poetics (S. H. Butcher, 1911) (OCR draft) Experimental (S. H. Butcher's English translation from Aristotle's Theory of Poetry and Fine Art, fourth edition, 1911.) — 21 focus
Aristotle on the Art of Poetry (Ingram Bywater, 1909) (OCR draft) Experimental (Ingram Bywater's English translation of Aristotle's Poetics, published in 1909.) — 21 focus
Poetics (Thomas Twining, 1789) (OCR draft) Experimental (Thomas Twining's English translation of Aristotle's Poetics, published in 1789 and aligned to the Kassel reference passage sequence.) — 21.6 focus
By FOREIGN, such as belong to a different language: so that the same word may, evidently, be both common, and foreign, though not to the same people. The word Σιγυνον, to the Cyprians is common, to us, foreign.
The Poetic of Aristotle (Theodore Alois Buckley) (OCR draft) Experimental (Theodore Alois Buckley's English translation, first published in 1850 and represented from the Henry G. Bohn 1857 printing; corrected against a second OCR and aligned to the Kassel reference passage sequence.) — 21.6 focus
But a transposition from species to genus is such as, Ten thousand valiant deeds Ulysses has achieved9. For ten thousand is a great number,
Poetica Latine conversa (Franciscus Ritter, 1839) (OCR draft) Experimental (Franz Ritter's Latin translation, corrected against OCR of the represented copy and aligned to the conventional Perseus chapter-and-subchapter sequence.) — 21 focus
La poëtique d'Aristote (André Dacier, 1692) (OCR draft) Experimental (André Dacier's French translation of Aristotle's Poetics, published in 1692.) — 21.6 focus
L'étranger eſt celuy, qui eſt en uſage ailleurs. D'où il s'enfuit qu'un même nom peut être propre & étranger par raport à differentes perſonnes; car le mot Sigunon, eſt un mot propre pour les Cypriens, & un mot étranger pour nous.
Poetica d'Aristotile (Bernardo Segni, 1549) (OCR draft) Experimental (Bernardo Segni's 1549 Florentine Italian translation, aligned to the Kassel reference passage sequence.) — 21 focus
De poetica (Antonio Riccobono, 1587) (OCR draft) Experimental (Antonio Riccobono's Latin translation, first published in 1587; text represented from Immanuel Bekker's 1831 edition.) — 21 focus
De arte poetica liber (William of Moerbeke, ca. 1277) (OCR draft) Experimental (William of Moerbeke's medieval Latin translation, represented by the 1953 Aristoteles Latinus edition.) — 21 focus
Arabic Poetics (Abū Bishr Mattā; Tkatsch edition) (OCR draft) Experimental (The Arabic translation attributed to Abū Bishr Mattā, edited by Jaroslaus Tkatsch in 1928 and aligned to the Kassel reference passage sequence.) — 21 focus
Arabic Poetics (Abū Bishr Mattā; Tkatsch edition, unaligned) (OCR draft) Experimental (Tkatsch's edition of the medieval Arabic translation in its original, unaligned segmentation.) — 21 focus

Commentary

Commentary on the Poetics (Ingram Bywater, 1909) (OCR draft) (Ingram Bywater's English commentary on Aristotle's Poetics.) focus

6. mvp-aristotle-comment-756

γλώτταν. The term is sufficiently general to include foreign, dialectical, and also obsolete words-all words (or senses) in fact which require explanation, because outside the limits of ordinary Attic Greek (comp. Rhet. 3. 1, 1404a33
τῶν ὀνομάτων ἀφείκασιν
 [ i. e. the tragedians]
ὅσα παρὰ τὴν διάλεκτόν ἐστιν
). For instances in the Poetics see 22, 1458 b 21 and 25, 1461a10 ; others are to be found in Rhet. 3. 3, 1406a7 , where the use of γλώτται in prose is said to be a frigid affectation:
μία δὲ [ scil. αἰτία ψυχρότητος] τὸ χρῆσθαι γλώτταις, οἷον Λυκόφρων Ξέρξην πέλωρον ἄνδρα, καὶ Σκίρων σίννις ἀνήρ, καὶ Ἀλκιδάμας ἄθυρμα τῇ ποιήσει, καὶ τὴν τῆς φύσεως ἀτασθαλίαν, καὶ ἀκράτῳ τῆς διανοίας ὀργῇ τεθηγμένον.

6. mvp-aristotle-comment-757

μὴ τοῖς αὐτοῖς δέ: De caelo 1. 3, 269 b 26
ἀνάγκη δὲ πᾶν τὸ φερόμενον ἢ κάτω ἢ ἄνω ἢ κουφότητ᾽ ἔχειν ἢ βάρος ἢ ἄμφω, μὴ πρὸς τὸ αὐτὸ δέ.

6. mvp-aristotle-comment-758

σίγυνον. The gloss in Hesychius is
σίγυνοι· τὰ ξυστὰ δόρατα, ἢ τοὺς ὁλοσιδήρους ἄκοντας
(comp. Schol. Plat. Amat. p. 87 R. and Apoll. Rh.2. 99 ). The word exists in a variety of forms ( HSt. s. v. σιβύνη). That it belonged to the Cyprian dialect is said also by Herodotus 5. 9
σιγύννας δ᾽ ὧν καλέουσι Λίγυες . . . τοὺς καπήλους, Κύπριοι δὲ τὰ δόρατα
, and by Schol. Apoll. Rh.2. 99
σιγύννους δὲ καλοῦσιν οἱ Κύπριοι τὰ ἀκόντια
. I suspect we should restore σίγυνος in the present passage, as there seems to be no trace elsewhere of a neuter form. Herwerden also ( Lex. gr. suppl.) tacitly assumes σίγυννος as the nominative in Aristotle.

Remarques sur la poëtique d'Aristote (André Dacier, 1692) (OCR draft) (André Dacier's French commentary on Aristotle's Poetics.) focus

7. mvp-aristotle-comment-491

21.6 7. L'étranger eft celuy qui est en uſage ailleurs.] 1

8. mvp-aristotle-comment-492

21.6 8. D'où il s'enfuit qu'un mème nom peut être propre & étranger par raport à differentes perſonnes.) 2

9. mvp-aristotle-comment-493

21.6 9. Car le nom Sigunon, qui eſt un mot propre pour les Cypriens, est un mot étranger pour nous.] 3

Commentary on the Poetics (Thomas Twining, 1789) (OCR draft) (Thomas Twining's notes on Aristotle's Poetics, aligned to the Kassel reference edition.) focus

180. mvp-aristotle-comment-180

NOTE 180. P. 107.

21.6 SO THAT THE SAME WORD MAY BE BOTH COMMON AND FOREIGN, &C.If
κυριον
here meant only native, in opposition to foreign, (
γλωττα
) as some commentators have supposed, it would be arrant trifling to observe, that the same word might be, at the same time,
γλωττα
and
κυριον
, i. e. foreign and native, to different nations. For it could not possibly be otherwise; as Robortelli observes, p. 246 , and calls the observation, which he explains as Aristotle's,
"magnoperè adnotandum, et PULCHRUM SCITU."
Dacier follows him:
"Cela ne sçauroit être autrement, le même mot qui est etranger pour celui qui l'emprunte, ne peut qu'être propre pour celui qui le prête."
But, if it must be so, why does Aristotle say it may be —
είναι δυνατον
? — The truth is, that a foreign word is not necessarily a common word, in his sense of
κυριον
, among the people to whom it is native; it may, or may not, be so; it cannot, indeed, be to them
γλωττα
, but it may be a metaphorical word, or a word of any of the other species enumerated as
ΠΑΡΑ το κυριον
. — Aristotle seems to have added this observation on purpose to prevent the very mistake which these expositors have made — to prevent
κύριον
from being taken merely as the opposite to
γλωττα
.

Commentarius in Aristotelis Poeticam (Franciscus Ritter, 1839) (OCR draft) (Ritter's Latin commentary, extracted from the 1839 volume, divided by Ritter's chapters and sections, and linked to the corresponding Perseus reference subsections.) focus

3. mvp-aristotle-comment-149

Ritter, cap. 21 § 3

, λέγω δὲ κύριον μὲν ᾧ χρῶνται ἕκαστοι: τὸ κύριον nomen est quo omnes gentis cuiusdam nationes utuntur. - γλῶτταν δὲ ᾧ ἕτεροι: glossam id voco quo alii atque omnes utuntur. glossarum origo et ratio duplex: nam eae aut etiamnum apud alios vigent apud alios ignorantur (Provinzialismen), aut aliquando in usu fuere et iam ignorantur (voces obsoletae). — τὸ γὰρ σίγυνον κτλ. glossa haec modo σίγῦνος sive σίγῦνον, modo σιγύνη sive σιγύννη scribitur. Herodotus V, 9., σιγύννας δ᾽ ὧν καλέουσι Λίγυες οἱ ἄνω ὑπὲρ Μασσαλίης οἰκέοντες τοὺς καπήλους, Κύπριοι δὲ τὰ δόρατα. Hesych. σίγυνοι, τὰ ξυστὰ δόρατα ἢ τοὺς ὁλοσιδήρους ἄκοντας. conf. Etym. Magn. et Suid. s. v.