Homer Iliad 5.864

A. T. Murray (Translator)

Iliad. Homer. A. T. Murray (Translator). London. 1924-1925.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The Annenberg CPB/Project.

Current edition Perseus

Iliad (English) (Homer. The Iliad, Volume 1-2. Murray, A. T. (Augustus Taber), translator. London: William Heinmann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1924-1925.)

Editions (1)
Ἰλιάς Perseus (Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.) — 5.864 focus
Translations (8)
Iliad Perseus (Homer. The Iliad of Homer, rendered into English prose for the use of those who cannot read the original. Butler, Samuel, 1835-1902, translator. London: Longmans, Green, and Co, 1898.) — 5.792 focus
English (Butler, rev. Nagy et al., 2020) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Butler, rev. Nagy et al., 2020)) — 5.864 focus
As a dark cloud in the sky [865] when it comes on to blow after heat, even so did Diomedes, son of Tydeus, see Arēs the brazen ascend into the broad sky. With all speed he reached high Olympus, home of the gods, and in great pain sat down beside Zeus the son of Kronos, grieving in his spirit. [870] He showed Zeus the immortal blood that was flowing from his wound, and spoke piteously, saying, “Father Zeus, are you not angered by such doings? We gods are continually suffering in the most cruel manner at one another’s hands while performing service [ kharis] to mortals; [875] and we all owe you a grudge for having begotten that mad termagant of a daughter, who is always committing outrage of some kind. We other gods must all do as you bid us, but her you neither scold nor punish; [880] you encourage her because the pestilent creature is your daughter. See how she has been inciting proud Diomedes son of Tydeus to vent his rage on the immortal gods. First he went up to the Cyprian and wounded her in the hand near her wrist, and then he sprang upon me too, equal [ īsos] to a superhuman force [ daimōn]. [885] Had I not run for it I must either have lain there for long enough in torments among the ghastly corpses, or have been eaten alive with spears till I had no more strength left in me.”
English (William Cullen Bryant, 1870) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (William Cullen Bryant, 1870)) — 5.864 focus
As when, in time of heat, the air is filled
With a black shadow from the gathering clouds
1075
And the strong-blowing wind, so furious Mars
Appeared to Diomed, as in a cloud
He rose to the broad heaven and to the home
Of gods on high Olympus. Near to Jove
He took his seat in bitter grief, and showed
1080
The immortal blood still dropping from his wound,
And thus, with winged words, complaining said: -
"O Father Jupiter! does not thy wrath
Rise at these violent deeds? 'Tis ever thus
That we, the gods, must suffer grievously
1085
From our own rivalry in favoring man;
And yet the blame of all this strife is thine,
For thou hast a mad daughter, ever wrong,
And ever bent on mischief. All the rest
Of the immortals dwelling on this mount
1090
Obey thee and are subject to thy will.
Her only thou hast never yet restrained
By word or act, but dost indulge her freaks
Because the pestilent creature is thy child.
And now she moves the insolent Diomed
1095
To raise his hand against the immortal gods.
And first he wounded Venus in the wrist,
Contending hand to hand; and then he sought
To encounter me in arms, as if he were
The equal of a god. My own swift feet
1100
Carried me thence, else might I long have lain,
In anguish, under heaps of carcasses,
Or helplessly been mangled by his sword."
The Cloud-compeller, Jove, replied, and frowned:
"Come not to me, thou changeling, to complain.
1105
Of all the gods upon the Olympian mount
I like thee least, who ever dost delight
In broils and wars and battles. Thou art like
Thy mother Juno, headstrong and perverse.
Her I can scarcely rule by strict commands,
1110
And what thou sufferest now, I deem, is due
To her bad counsels. Yet 't is not my will
That thou shouldst suffer longer, who dost share
My lineage, whom thy mother bore to me.
But wert thou born, destroyer as thou art,
1115
To any other god, thou hadst long since
Lain lower than the sons of Uranus."
English (Alexander Pope, 1720, ed. Watson, 1857) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Alexander Pope, 1720, ed. Watson, 1857)) — 5.864 focus
As vapours blown by Auster's sultry breath,
Pregnant with plagues and shedding seeds of death,
Beneath the rage of burning Sirius rise,
1060
Choke the parch'd earth, and blacken all the skies;
In such a cloud the god, from combat driven,
High o'er the dusty whirlwind scales the heaven.
Wild with his pain, he sought the bright abodes,
There sullen sat beneath the sire of gods,
1065
Shew'd the celestial blood, and with a groan
Thus pour'd his plaints before th' immortal throne:
English (Thomas Hobbes, 1667, ed. Molesworth 1843) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Hobbes, 1667, ed. Molesworth 1843)) — 5.864 focus
English (George Chapman, 1611, ed. Hooper 1857) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (George Chapman, 1611, ed. Hooper 1857)) — 5.864 focus
English (William Cowper, 1791, ed. Southey) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (William Cowper, 1791, ed. Southey)) — 5.864 focus
English (F. W. Newman, 1856) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (F. W. Newman, 1856)) — 5 focus

Notes on the current edition

Iliad

1. 261.1

New Alexandria Commentaries

Douglas Frame

analysis of the myth of Athena’s birth from Zeus’ head

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analysis of the myth of Athena’s birth from Zeus’ head

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analysis of the myth of Athena’s birth from Zeus’ head

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analysis of damnēmi and Laodamas

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Gregory Nagy

The momentum of the war is spirited, and the fighting mood of the warriors verges on overreaching. An outstanding example is Diomedes, who already owns a glorious past as a conquering hero in the epic tradition known as the Sons of the Seven against Thebes or Epigonoi. Now in the epic present of the Iliad he has a chance to outdo himself, performing deeds so glorious that they would outshine perhaps even the deeds of Achilles, who is now out of the picture. The successes of Diomedes reach the point where he is capable of feats that are superhuman, as when he lifts a rock that even two humans today could not budge—or as when he wounds the god of war himself, Ares, and then, shortly thereafter, the goddess of love and sexuality, Aphrodite. But such momentum is not to last, and the antagonism of Diomedes toward divinities will have its consequences.

draft js image error“Aeneas and Diomedes.” Wenceslaus Hollar (Bohemian, 1607–1677). Image via Wikimedia Commons.

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The insulting of Ares by Zeus here is parallel to the insulting of Achilles by Agamemnon at I.01.177. For both Ares and Achilles, eris ‘strife’ is a defining feature.

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Leonard Muellner

analysis of the formula daimoni isos used of heroes in their aristeia only, and in the context of hero-god antagonism

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Richard Martin

Zeus' reply to the wounded Ares (5.889-90)—"μή τί μοι, ἀλλοπρόσαλλε, παρεζόμενος μινύριζε. ἔχθιστος δέ μοί ἐσσι θεῶν οἳ Ὄλυμπον ἔχουσιν"—provides a model for the replacement expansion at 9.311-12. The technique of expansion by replacement shows up clearly when these lines are compared with Achilles' words: mē moi truzēte can be matched with mē ti moi . . . minurizē; parēmenoi with parezomenos; ekhthros gar moi keinos with ekhithistos de moi essi; and the vocative alloprosalle with an expression of different meaning but identical metrical and similar phonological shape, allothen allos. Whereas Zeus' direct and blunt style in this speech is emphasized by end-stopped lines, Achilles' tone sounds more rational because his syntax is more complex: he uses hōs and gar to connect what in Zeus' speech are three separate elements. The effect of the conjunction and particle is fluidity. Furthermore, rather than calling his interlocutor "most hateful"—although the thought underlies his words—Achilles mutes his expression to the simpler "hateful is that man." In both the speech of Zeus and of Achilles, the lines form a separable introduction directed to an interlocutor who has made a complaint, and both speakers shift the topic abruptly after the rebuke (5.895, all' ou man; 9.314, autar egōn) (Martin 1993:212-13).

For the splitting and replacement expansion at 9.310-314 of which this passage is a model, see the comment on Iliad 9.310-314.

References

Martin, R. P. 1993. The Language of Heroes: Speech and Performance in the Iliad. Ithaca.

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