Iliad. Homer. Boston. 1870.
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When Hector saw
His brother thus upon the earth, there came
A darkness o'er his eyes, nor could he bear
530
Longer to stand aloof, but, brandishing
His spear, came forward like a rushing flame
To meet the son of Peleus, who beheld
And bounded toward him, saying boastfully:
"So, he is near whose hand hath given my heart
535
Its deepest wound, who slew my dearest friend.
No more are we to shun each other now,
Timidly stealing through the paths of war."
And then he said to Hector with a frown:
"Draw nearer, that thou mayst the sooner die."
540
The crested Hector, undismayed, replied:
"Pelides; do not hope with empty words
To frighten me, as if I were a boy.
Insults and taunts I could with ease return.
I know that thou art brave; I know that I
545
In might am not thy equal; but the event
Rests in the laps of the great gods, and they
May, though I lack thy prowess, give thy life
Into my hands when I shall cast my spear.
The weapon that I bear is keen like thine."
550
Thus having spoken, brandishing his spear,
He sent it forth; but with a gentle breath
Minerva turned it from the glorious Greek,
And laid it at the noble Hector's feet.
Then did Achilles, resolute to slay
555
His enemy, rush against him with a shout
Of fury; but Apollo, with such power
As gods put forth, withdrew him thence, and spread
A darkness round him. Thrice the swift of foot,
Achilles, rushed against him with his spear,
560
And thrice he smote the cloud. But when once more,
In godlike might, he made the assault, he spake
These winged words of menace and reproach: -
"Hound as thou art, thou hast once more escaped
Thy death; for it was near. Again the hand
565
Of Phœbus rescues thee; to him thy vows
Are made ere thou dost trust thyself amidst
The clash of javelins. I shall meet thee yet
And end thee utterly, if any god
Favor me also. I will now pursue
570
And strike the other Trojan warriors down."
Current edition Experimental
English (William Cullen Bryant, 1870) (OCR draft) (English) (English (William Cullen Bryant, 1870))
Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.
Editions (1)
Ἰλιάς Perseus (Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.) — 20.419 focus
Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὡς ἐνόησε κασίγνητον Πολύδωρον
ἔντερα χερσὶν ἔχοντα λιαζόμενον ποτὶ γαίη
420
κάρ ῥά οἱ ὀφθαλμῶν κέχυτʼ ἀχλύς· οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔτʼ ἔτλη
δηρὸν ἑκὰς στρωφᾶσθʼ, ἀλλʼ ἀντίος ἦλθʼ Ἀχιλῆϊ
ὀξὺ δόρυ κραδάων φλογὶ εἴκελος· αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς
ὡς εἶδʼ, ὣς ἀνεπᾶλτο, καὶ εὐχόμενος ἔπος ηὔδα·
ἐγγὺς ἀνὴρ ὃς ἐμόν γε μάλιστʼ ἐσεμάσσατο θυμόν,
425
ὅς μοι ἑταῖρον ἔπεφνε τετιμένον· οὐδʼ ἂν ἔτι δὴν
ἀλλήλους πτώσσοιμεν ἀνὰ πτολέμοιο γεφύρας.
ἦ, καὶ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσεφώνεεν Ἕκτορα δῖον·
ἆσσον ἴθʼ ὥς κεν θᾶσσον ὀλέθρου πείραθʼ ἵκηαι.
τὸν δʼ οὐ ταρβήσας προσέφη κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ·
Πηλεΐδη μὴ δὴ ἐπέεσσί με νηπύτιον ὣς
ἔλπεο δειδίξεσθαι, ἐπεὶ σάφα οἶδα καὶ αὐτὸς
ἠμὲν κερτομίας ἠδʼ αἴσυλα μυθήσασθαι.
οἶδα δʼ ὅτι σὺ μὲν ἐσθλός, ἐγὼ δὲ σέθεν πολὺ χείρων.
ἀλλʼ ἤτοι μὲν ταῦτα θεῶν ἐν γούνασι κεῖται,
435
αἴ κέ σε χειρότερός περ ἐὼν ἀπὸ θυμὸν ἕλωμαι
δουρὶ βαλών, ἐπεὶ ἦ καὶ ἐμὸν βέλος ὀξὺ πάροιθεν.
ἦ ῥα, καὶ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δόρυ, καὶ τό γʼ Ἀθήνη
πνοιῇ Ἀχιλλῆος πάλιν ἔτραπε κυδαλίμοιο
ἦκα μάλα ψύξασα· τὸ δʼ ἂψ ἵκεθʼ Ἕκτορα δῖον,
440
αὐτοῦ δὲ προπάροιθε ποδῶν πέσεν. αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς
ἐμμεμαὼς ἐπόρουσε κατακτάμεναι μενεαίνων,
σμερδαλέα ἰάχων· τὸν δʼ ἐξήρπαξεν Ἀπόλλων
ῥεῖα μάλʼ ὥς τε θεός, ἐκάλυψε δʼ ἄρʼ ἠέρι πολλῇ.
τρὶς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐπόρουσε ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς
445
ἔγχεϊ χαλκείῳ, τρὶς δʼ ἠέρα τύψε βαθεῖαν.
ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τὸ τέταρτον ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος,
δεινὰ δʼ ὁμοκλήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα·
ἐξ αὖ νῦν ἔφυγες θάνατον κύον· ἦ τέ τοι ἄγχι
ἦλθε κακόν· νῦν αὖτέ σʼ ἐρύσατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων,
450
ᾧ μέλλεις εὔχεσθαι ἰὼν ἐς δοῦπον ἀκόντων.
ἦ θήν σʼ ἐξανύω γε καὶ ὕστερον ἀντιβολήσας,
εἴ πού τις καὶ ἔμοιγε θεῶν ἐπιτάρροθός ἐστι.
νῦν αὖ τοὺς ἄλλους ἐπιείσομαι, ὅν κε κιχείω.
Translations (8)
Iliad Perseus (Homer. The Iliad, Volume 1-2. Murray, A. T. (Augustus Taber), translator. London: William Heinmann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1924-1925.) — 20.419 focus
But when Hector beheld his brother Polydorus,
420
clasping his bowels in his hand and sinking to earth, down over his eyes a mist was shed, nor might he longer endure to range apart, but strode against Achilles, brandishing his sharp spear, in fashion like a flame. But when Achilles beheld him, even then sprang he up and spake vauntingly:
425
Lo, nigh is the man, that above all hath stricken me to the heart, for that he slew the comrade I honoured. Not for long shall we any more shrink one from the other along the dykes of war.
He said, and with an angry glance from beneath his brows spake unto goodly Hector:
Draw nigh, that thou mayest the sooner enter the toils of destruction.
430
But with no touch of fear, spake to him Hector of the flashing helm:
Son of Peleus, think not with words to affright me, as I were a child, seeing I know well of myself to utter taunts and withal speech that is seemly. I know that thou art valiant, and I am weaker far than thou.
435
Yet these things verily lie on the knees of the gods, whether I,albeit the weaker, shall rob thee of life with a cast of my spear; for my missile too hath been found keen ere now.
He spake, and poised his spear and hurled it, but Athene with a breath turned it back from glorious Achilles,
440
breathing full lightly; and it came back to goodly Hector, and fell there before his feet. But Achilles leapt upon him furiously, fain to slay him, crying a terrible cry. But Apollo snatched up Hector full easily, as a god may, and shrouded him in thick mist.
445
Thrice then did swift-footed, goodly Achilles heap upon him with spear of bronze, and thrice he smote the thick mist. But when for the fourth time he rushed upon him like a god, then with a terrible cry he spake to him winged words:
Now again, thou dog, art thou escaped from death, though verily
450
thy bane came nigh thee; but once more hath Phoebus Apollo saved thee, to whom of a surety thou must make prayer, whenso thou goest amid the hurtling of spears. Verily I will yet make an end of thee, when I meet thee hereafter, if so be any god is helper to me likewise. But now will I make after others, whomsoever I may light upon.
Iliad Perseus (Homer. The Iliad of Homer, rendered into English prose for the use of those who cannot read the original. Butler, Samuel, 1835-1902, translator. London: Longmans, Green, and Co, 1898.) — 20.438 focus
438
He hurled his spear as he spoke, but Athena breathed upon it, and though she breathed but very lightly she turned it back from going towards Achilles, so that it returned to Hektor and lay at his feet in front of him. Achilles then sprang furiously on him with a loud cry, bent on killing him, but Apollo caught him up easily as a god can, and hid him in a thick darkness. Thrice did Achilles spring towards him spear in hand, and thrice did he waste his blow upon the air. When he rushed forward for the fourth time as though he were a
daimôn he shouted aloud saying, "Hound, this time too you have escaped death - but of a truth it came exceedingly near you. Phoebus Apollo, to whom it seems you pray before you go into battle, has again saved you; but if I too have any friend among the gods I will surely make an end of you when I come across you at some other time. Now, however, I will pursue and overtake other Trojans."
455
On this he struck Dryops with his spear, about the middle of his neck, and he fell headlong at his feet. There he let him lie and stayed Demoukhos son of Philetor, a man both brave and of great stature, by hitting him on the knee with a spear; then he smote him with his sword and killed him. After this he sprang on Laogonos and
Dardanos
, sons of Bias, and threw them from their chariot, the one with a blow from a thrown spear, while the other he cut down in hand-to-hand fight. There was also Tros the son of Alastor - he came up to Achilles and clasped his knees in the hope that he would spare him and not kill him but let him go, because they were both of the same age. Fool, he might have known that he should not prevail with him, for the man was in no mood for pity or forbearance but was in grim earnest. Therefore when Tros laid hold of his knees and sought a hearing for his prayers, Achilles drove his sword into his liver, and the liver came rolling out, while his bosom was all covered with the black blood that welled from the wound. Thus did death close his eyes as he lay lifeless.
472
Achilles then went up to Moulios and struck him on the ear with a spear, and the bronze spear-head came right out at the other ear. He also struck Echeklos son of Agenor on the head with his sword, which became warm with the blood, while death and stern fate closed the eyes of Echeklos. Next in order the bronze point of his spear wounded Deukalion in the fore-arm where the sinews of the elbow are united, whereon he waited Achilles' onset with his arm hanging down and death staring him in the face. Achilles cut his head off with a blow from his sword and flung it helmet and all away from him, and the marrow came oozing out of his backbone as he lay. He then went in pursuit of Rhigmos, noble son of Peires, who had come from fertile
Thrace
, and struck him through the middle with a spear which fixed itself in his belly, so that he fell headlong from his chariot. He also speared Areithoos squire [
therapôn] to Rhigmos in the back as he was turning his horses in flight, and thrust him from his chariot, while the horses were struck with panic.
490
As a fire raging in some mountain glen after long drought - and the dense forest is in a blaze, while the wind carries great tongues of fire in every direction - even so furiously did Achilles rage, wielding his spear as though he were a
daimôn, and giving chase to those whom he would slay, till the dark earth ran with blood. Or as one who yokes broad-browed oxen that they may tread barley in a threshing-floor - and it is soon bruised small under the feet of the lowing cattle - even so did the horses of Achilles trample on the shields and bodies of the slain. The axle underneath and the railing that ran round the car were bespattered with clots of blood thrown up by the horses' hoofs, and from the tires of the wheels; but the son of Peleus pressed on to win still further glory, and his hands were bedrabbled with gore.
503
English (Butler, rev. Nagy et al., 2020) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Butler, rev. Nagy et al., 2020)) — 20.419 focus
When Hector saw his brother Polydoros with his entrails in his hands [420] and sinking down upon the ground, a mist came over his eyes, and he could not bear to keep longer at a distance; he therefore poised his spear and darted towards Achilles like a flame of fire. When Achilles saw him he bounded forward and vaunted saying, [425] “This is he that has wounded my heart most deeply and has slain my beloved comrade. Not for long shall we two quail before one another on the highways of war.”
He looked fiercely on radiant Hector and said, “Draw near, that you may meet your doom the sooner.” [430] Hector feared him not and answered, “Son of Peleus, think not that your words can scare me as though I were a child; I too if I will can brag and talk unseemly; I know that you are a mighty warrior, mightier by far than I, [435] nevertheless the issue lies in the lap of heaven whether I, worse man though I be, may not slay you with my spear, for this too has been found keen before now.”
He hurled his spear as he spoke, but Athena breathed upon it, [440] and though she breathed but very lightly she turned it back from going towards renowned Achilles, so that it returned to glorious Hector and lay at his feet in front of him. Achilles then sprang furiously on him with a loud cry, bent on killing him, but Apollo caught him up easily as a god can, and hid him in a thick darkness. [445] Thrice did swift-footed radiant Achilles spring towards him spear in hand, and three times did he waste his blow upon the air. When he rushed forward for the fourth time as though he were a superhuman force [
daimōn] he shouted aloud saying, “Hound, this time too you have escaped death— [450] but of a truth it came exceedingly near you. Phoebus Apollo, to whom it seems you pray before you go into battle, has again saved you; but if I too have any friend among the gods I will surely make an end of you when I come across you at some other time. Now, however, I will pursue and overtake other Trojans.”
[455]
English (Alexander Pope, 1720, ed. Watson, 1857) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Alexander Pope, 1720, ed. Watson, 1857)) — 20.419 focus
When Hector view'd, all ghastly in his gore,
485
Thus sadly slain, th' unhappy Polydore;
A cloud of sorrow overcast his sight,
His soul no longer brook'd the distant fight;
Full in Achilles' dreadful front he came,
And shook his javelin like a waving flame.
490
The son of Peleus sees, with joy possess'd,
His heart high-bounding in his rising breast:
‘And, Lo! the man, on whom black fates attend;
‘The man that slew Achilles in his friend!
‘No more shall Hector's and Pelides' spear
495
‘Turn from each other in the walks of war.’
Then with revengeful eyes he scann'd him o'er—
‘Come, and receive thy fate!’ He spake no more.
Hector, undaunted, thus: ‘Such words employ
‘To one that dreads thee, some unwarlike boy:
500
‘Such we could give, defying and defied,
‘Mean intercourse of obloquy and pride!
‘I know thy force to mine superior far;
‘But heaven alone confers success in war;
‘Mean as I am, the gods may guide my dart,
505
‘And give it entrance in a braver heart.’
Then parts the lance: but Pallas' heavenly breath
Far from Achilles wafts the winged death:
The bidden dart again to Hector flies,
And at the feet of its great master lies.
510
Achilles closes with his hated foe,
His heart and eyes with flaming fury glow:
But, present to his aid, Apollo shrouds
The favour'd hero in a veil of clouds.
Thrice struck Pelides with indignant heart,
515
Thrice in impassive air he plunged the dart:
The spear a fourth time buried in the cloud,
He foams with fury, and exclaims aloud:
‘Wretch! thou hast 'scap'd again, once more thy flight
‘Has saved thee, and the partial god of light.
520
‘But long thou shalt not thy just fate withstand,
‘If any power assist Achilles' hand.
‘Fly then inglorious; but thy flight this day
‘Whole hecatombs of Trojan ghosts shall pay.’
English (Thomas Hobbes, 1667, ed. Molesworth 1843) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Hobbes, 1667, ed. Molesworth 1843)) — 20.419 focus
But Hector, when he saw his brother slain,
395
Amongst his troops he could no longer stay,
But going to Achilles, shook his spear.
Then, speaking to himself, Achilles said,
The man that slew Patroclus I see here,
We must no more each other now avoid;
400
And sourly on him looking, said, Come near,
That I may quickly of you make an end.
And Hector to him answer'd without fear,
In vain, Achilles, your proud words you spend ;
Such words as these may children terrify,
405
And I can speak that language when I list;
And though you be a mightier man than I,
The victory does not in that consist,
But he shall have it whom the Gods appoint,
Though he be weaker, if his spear fly true,
410
Which mine may do, and sharp is at the point.
This said, his spear he at Achilles threw,
Which back to Hector's feet Athena blew,
With soft and gentle breath, without a sound ;
And straight Achilles, thund'ring, to him flew.
415
But then Apollo snatch'd him from the ground,
Which is by any God done in a trice,
And in a mist conceal'd him from his sight:
And after him Ahcilles leapt up thrice.
And thrice the air obscure in vain did smite
420
Then whoop'd he after him, and threat'ning said,
Dog, an ill death again thou 'scaped hast,
That fighting, to Apollo pray'st for aid;
But yet I shall dispatch you at the last,
If any of the Gods for me appear;
425
But now I must to other Trojans go.
English (George Chapman, 1611, ed. Hooper 1857) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (George Chapman, 1611, ed. Hooper 1857)) — 20.419 focus
When Hector had beheld
370
His brother tumbled so to earth, his entrails still in hand,
Dark sorrow overcast his eyes, nor far off could he stand
A minute longer, but like fire he brake out of the throng,
Shook his long lance at Thetis' son; and then came he along
To feed th' encounter: "O," said he, "here comes the man that most
375
Of all the world destroys my mind, the man by whom I lost
My dear Patroclus. Now not long the crooked paths of war
Can yield us any privy scapes. 'Come, keep not off so far,'
He cried to Hector, ' make the pain of thy sure death as short
As one so desperate of his life hath reason." In no sort
380
This frighted Hector, who bore close, and said: " Aeacides,
Leave threats for children. I have pow'r to thunder calumnies
As well as others, and well know thy strength superior far
To that my nerves hold; but the Gods, not nerves, determine war.
And yet, for nerves, there will be found a strength of pow'r in mine
385
To drive a lance home to thy life. My lance as well as thine
Hath point and sharpness, and 'tis this." Thus, brandishing his spear,
He set it flying, which a breath of Pallas back did bear
From Thetis' son to Hector's self, and at his feet it fell.
Achilles us'd no dart, but close flew in, and thought to deal
390
With no strokes but of sure dispatch, but, what with all his blood
He labour'd, Phœbus clear'd with ease, as being a God, and stood
For Hector's guard, as Pallas did, Aeacides, for thine.
He rapt him from him, and a cloud of much night cast between
His person and the point oppos'd. Achilles then exclaim'd :
395
“O see, yet more Gods are at work. Apollo's hand hath fram'm'd,
Dog that thou art, thy rescue now; to whom go pay thy vows
Thy safety owes him, I shall vent in time those fatal blows
That yet beat in my heart on thine, if any God remain
My equal fautor. In mean time my anger must maintain
400
His fire on other Ilians."
English (William Cowper, 1791, ed. Southey) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (William Cowper, 1791, ed. Southey)) — 20.419 focus
But noble Hector, soon as he beheld
515
His brother Polydorus to the earth
Indn'd, and with his bowels in his hands,
Sightless well-nigh with anguish could endure
No longer to remain aloof; flame-like
He burst abroad, and shaking his sharp spear,
520
Advanced to meet Achilles, whose approach
Seeing, Achilles bounded with delight,
And thus, exulting, to himself he said.
Ah! he approaches, who hath stung my soul
Deepest, the slayer of whom most I loved!
525
Behold, we meet! Caution is at an end,
And timid skulking in the walks of war.
He ceased, and with a brow knit into frowns,
Call'd to illustrious Hector. Haste, approach,
That I may quick dispatch thee to the shades.
530
Whom answer'd warlike Hector nought appall'd.
Pelides! hope not, as I were a boy,
With words to scare me. I have also taunts
At my command, and can be sharp as thou.
I know thee valiant, and myself I know
535
Inferior far; yet, whether thou shalt slay
Me, or, inferior as I am, be slain
By me, is at the pleasure of the Gods,
For I wield also not a pointless beam.
He said, and, brandishing it, hurl'd his spear,
540
Which Pallas, breathing softly, wafted back
From the renown'd Achilles, and it fell
Successless at illustrious Hector's feet.
Then, all on fire to slay him, with a shout
That rent the air Achilles rapid flew
545
Toward him; but him wrapt in clouds opaque
Apollo caught with ease divine away.
Thrice, swift Achilles sprang to the assault
Impetuous, thrice the pitchy cloud he smote,
And at his fourth assault, godlike in act,
550
And terrible in utterance, thus exclaim'd.
Dog! thou art safe, and hast escaped again;
But narrowly, and by the aid once more
Of Phœbus, without previous suit to whom
Thou venturest never where the javelin sings.
555
But when we next encounter, then expect,
If one of all in heaven aid also me,
To close thy proud career. Meantime I seek
Some other, and assail e'en whom I may.
English (F. W. Newman, 1856) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (F. W. Newman, 1856)) — 20 focus
BOOK XX
Thus at thy side, O Peleus' son,
insatiate of battle!
1
The Achaians did accoutre them
beside their crested galleys:
Along a swelling of the plain,
on other side, the Troians.
But Jove commanded, from the head
of many-dell'd Olympus,
That Themis should to council call
the gods: then she, proceeding,
5
From all sides bade them in the halls
of Jupiter to gather.
None of the Rivers absent were,
except the stream of Ocean;
None of the Nymphs, who make their haunts
along the river-sources,
And in the pleasant mountain-glades,
and in the grassy prairies.
But all, attentive to the word,
assembled at the mansion
10
Of cloudcollecting Jupiter;
and sat in polish'd porches,
Which Vulcan's soul of artifice
for father Jove constructed.
So in the courts of Jupiter
they gather'd; nor did Neptune
Disdain the goddess' word, but came
from the deep brine to join them.
He in the middle took his seat,
and ask'd what Jove was planning:
15
"Lord of the shining thunderbolt!
and wherefore now to council
The gods dost summon? doubtest aught
of Troians and Achaians?
For in sore nearness now to them
uproar and battle flameth."
Him cloudcollecting Jupiter
reciprocal accosted:
"Earthshaker! thou ere now hast learnt
the counsel in my bosom,
20
Wherefore I call you. Perishing,
these mortals still concern me.
Now in a dell myself will here
withhold me, on Olympus,
Forth gazing as may please my soul,
apart; but ye, the others,
Go ye, until ye reach the field
mid Troians and Achaians,
And succour either side, howe'er
the heart of any listeth.
25
For if with none but human foes
Achilles enter battle,
No moment will the Troïans
arrest his speedy onset.
Alway, I trow, of former days
they trembled to behold him;
But now, when for his comrade's
loss his soul is grimly wrathful,
I dread, lest, in despite of Fate,
he storm and spoil the fortress."
30
So spake Saturnius, and rous'd
an unremitting battle;
And into war forth went the gods,
with bent of diverse purpose.
Unto the galleys' precinct hied
Juno and maid Athene,—
Earthgirding Neptune, — Hermeas,
in crafty soul excelling,
35
Gainful, and with them Vulcan too,
in grim delight of vigour,
Lame tho' he was; yet under him
his slender shanks mov'd nimbly.
But to the aid of Troïans
went motley-helmed Ares,
And the Bright prince of locks unshorn,
and Artemis the archer,
And Aphrodite, queen of smiles,
and Xanthus and Latona.
40
Now ere that with the troop of men
the heav'nly gods were mingled,
So long the Achaians vaunted high
in glory, that Achilles,
Long absent from distressful fight,
did now appear among them;
But over every Troian limb
crept grimly-boding terror,
Smitten with trembling, when they saw
the mighty son of Peleus
45
All-radiant in arms, a match
to Ares pest of mortals.
But when amid the crowd of men
the Olympians were enter'd,
Then people-stirring hardy Strife
uprose: Athene shouted,
Standing beside the delved moat
one while, without the rampart;
Elsewhile along the sounding shores
her cry of battle echoed:
50
But Ares on the other side,
like to a gloomy tempest,
Urging the Troians, fiercely yell'd
from down the city's summit,
Elsewhile on banks of Simoïs
by Fair Colone scudding.
Thus blessed gods, on either side
the combatants exhorting,
Mingled the fight, and caus'd the burst
of grievous strife betwixt them.
55
Aloft, the Sire of men and gods
scar'd Heaven with his thunder;
Neptune beneath shook boundless
Earth and the steep heads of mountains.
Then all a-quaking were the feet
of rill-bestreamed Ida,
And the hill-tops, and Priam's walls,
and galleys of Achaia.
60
Yea, in his underworld-recess
lord Aïdes was frighten'd,
And leapt in terror from his throne,
and shriek'd aloud, lest haply
Neptune land-shaking burst for him
the upper earth asunder,
And to the eyes of gods and men
lay open all his mansions
Horrific, pestilent; at which
even the blessed shudder:
65
So dire the hurly of the shock,
when gods were match'd in quarrel.
They fronted one to one; against
lord Neptune bright Apollo,
With winged arrows; Ares met
Athene grey-ey'd goddess;
Juno was match'd by Artemis,
of Hecatus the sister,
70
The whooping arrow-pouring queen,
the golden-shafted huntress:
Staunch lucre-giving Hermeas
against Latona fronted:
But, Vulcan to resist, stood forth
the great deepwhirling river,
Whom Xanthus the immortals call,
but men Scamander name him.
Thus, for the battle, god to god
came adverse: but Achilles
75
In throng of heroes chiefly long'd
with Hector, son of Priam,
To close in combat: his the life,
wherefrom his spirit hanker'd
To glut with gore the warriour
unweariable Ares.
But upon Peleus' son forthwith
Apollo people-stirrer
Arous'd Æneias, limbs and heart
with noble vigour filling;
80
But by his voice he seem'd to be
Lycaon, son of Priam.
Apollo, son of Jove, I say,
in such disguise address'd him:
"High Councillor of Troïans,
Æneias! whither vanish
The threats, which o'er the winecup oft
to Troian kings thou spakest,
Against Achilles, Peleus' son,
the shock of war to venture?"
85
Then him Æneias answering
reciprocal accosted:
"O son of Priam, wherefore thus,
despite my heart, exhortest
In adverse struggle me to clash
with lofty-soul'd Pelides?
Afront Achilles fleet of foot
not now for erst I find me:
For, coming on our kine of yore,
he frayed me from Ida
90
With the same spear, which Pedasus
then ravag'd, and Lyrnessus.
But Jove for rescue granted me
swift knees and nimble vigour;
Else on that day I verily
had fallen by Achilles
And by Athene; who in front
held forth a light before him,
95
Bidding with brazen spear to slay
the Leleges and Troians.
Wherefore no mortal man, I trow,
may fight against Achilles;
For alway at his side some god
doth stand, who wardeth evil.
Yea, and without the god his dart
straight flieth, nor desisteth,
Ere through the skin of man it pass:
but if the god would yield us
100
Fair play of single-handed war, —
not easily, I reckon,
Me would he conquer then; not if
all-brass to be he vaunteth."
To him the prince, the son of Jove,
Apollo thus responded:
"Come, hero! eke do thou then pray
to gods of birth eternal.
Ay! for in truth to thee, they say,
Jove's daughter Aphrodite
105
Gave birth: Achilles, tho' divine,
of parentage is worser.
This mother is from Jupiter,
that from the aged sea-god.
But right against this hero bear
the sturdy brass, nor wholly
From manly battle turned be
by gramsome words and curses."
Thus saying, vigour great he breath'd
into the people's shepherd,
110
Who thro' the foremost ranks advanc'd,
arm'd with the flashing metal.
Nor was Anchises' son unseen
by Juno white-arm'd goddess,
When he amid the troop of men
mov'd on to meet Pelides:
Then she together call'd the gods,
and spake a word before them:
"You twain in chief concerned
are, O Neptune and Athene,
115
To ponder in your bosom, how
may these affairs be ended.
Onward Æneias lo! is gone,
arm'd with the flashing metal,
To meet Pelides: for, behind,
Apollo bright doth urge him.
On us it resteth, either back
this god to turn from combat,
Or by Achilles stand ourselves,
nor let him fail in spirit,
120
But mighty prowess grant to him:
to teach him that the noblest
Among the immortals foster him,
and empty are the others,
Who heretofore for Troïans
repel the feudful battle.
Down from Olympus, to partake
this combat, hither come we,
125
Lest-that this day Achilles aught
among the Troians suffer:
But he in after day, I wis,
shall suffer that, whatever
Upon his thread of birth the Fate
span, when his mother bare him.
But if Achilles shall not hear
from voice divine our purpose,
Then, when some god in ranks of
war with adverse force may front him,
130
Terror will strike him: terrible
are gods in sight and presence."
To her thereon reciprocal
spake the land-shaker Neptune:
"Juno! let not thy anger stray
too far: nor is it needful.
For me; troth, never could I wish
in soul-devouring quarrel
To mingle us the other gods;
sith greatly are we stronger.
135
But from the path departing now
here sit we for observance,
On lofty station, separate,
and men shall care for battle.
And if the combat be begun
by Ares or Apollo,
Or should they hold Achilles back,
or scare him from the struggle,
Quarrel and warcry thereupon
will instantly be raised
140
Even by us: but they, I ween,
with quick-decided contest
Will to Olympus hie them back,
and join the gods' assembly,
Unto our higher mightiness
constrain'd submission yielding."
So spake the Purple-hair'd, and
straight unto the rampart led them
Of godlike Héracles, — a mound
high-heaped, which the Troians
145
And maid Athene rais'd for him,
to give the hero shelter,
When the sea-monster from the shore
unto the plain would chase him.
Thereon did Neptune sit him down
and other gods immortal,
And cloud impenetrable wrapt
as garment on their shoulders;
150
Others on other side across,
on brow of Fair Colone,
Sat around thee, bright Eïan!
and Ares city-rieving.
Thus sat they plotting both
apart, but both commencement dreaded
Of anxious war; tho' Jupiter,
sitting aloft, did urge it.
155
Meanwhile, the brazen-gleaming
plain was fill'd with men and horses,
And by the general rush of feet
the earth beneath was jarred.
But in the midst two champions
in front of both the armies,
Chieftains of prowess eminent,
met eager for the combat,
Æneias, Aphrodite's child
and Achileus the godlike.
160
With weighty helmet nodding, mov'd
Æneias, on his bosom
Held the fierce buckler, and with threats
his brazen weapon brandish'd.
Thereat Pelides opposite
rose, as a baleful lion,
Whom all the country long to slay
and gather force against him.
165
He first despiseth them; but when
from callant keen in battle
Some dart may pierce him, then his heart
against his bosom swelleth,
Valiant; then gathers he his limbs,
and yawneth; foam doth trickle
Over his tusks; with mighty tail
on either side he lasheth
170
His flank and buttock, spurring on
his proper self to battle:
With grey eye glaring on his mark
he springeth, bearing slaughter
Unto some man, unless himself
before the troop be slaughter'd.
So was Achilles urged on
by haughty mind and spirit
Forthwith the battle to confront
of mighty-soul'd Æneias.
175
When they to shorter distance came,
advancing each on other,
Then foot-reliant Achileus
did first accost his foeman:
"Æneias! why, so far in front
advancing from thy people,
Standest? art eager me to meet
in shock of battle; hoping,
By Priam's favour, lord to be
o'er courser-taming Troians?
180
Yet, if thou strip me, not therefore
will Priam pay thee honour;
For he hath sons, and sound of mind
is he, not airy-witted.
Shall then the Troïans in sooth
apportion thee a portion,
Select for thy enrichment, fair
with orchards and with tillage,
185
An if thou slay me? That emprize
is hard, I deem, to compass.
Already heretofore, I wis,
my javelin hath fray'd thee.
Or haply dost forget the day,
when down the fells of Ida
Thee, left alone amid the kine,
I chas'd in headlong courses?
Nor didst thou look behind in flight,
but gladly in Lyrnessus
190
Diddest thy knees repose: but I,
by aid of Jove the Father
And of Athene, turn'd on it
my city-rieving onset.
Thence led I many a dame away,
reft of her day of freedom,
Spoil of my spear; but thee did Jove
and other gods deliver.
But not again, I reckon, they,
as in thy mind thou castest,
195
Will save thee. I my counsel give,
within the crowd of fighters
To hide thee in retreat, (and not
stand forward to confront me,)
Before thou some disaster meet.
— Too late the fool is prudent."
To him in words responsive spake
Æneias, Troian leader:
"Pelides! hope not by thy talk
as silly child to fright me.
200
Banter is easy to myself,
as eke are fierce reproaches.
To each the other's breed is known,
to each the other's father,
Hearing the tales of old renown,
which sing of mortal heroes:
But, face to face, nor thou nor I
have seen the other's parents.
205
Thou, as the rumour telleth, art
offspring of spotless Peleus,
And a seanymph thy mother was,
the dainty-braided Thetis.
I likewise from a noble sire
the mighty-soul'd Anchises
Vaunt to be sprung: my mother is
the heav'nly Aphrodite.
Of these shall one or other weep
this day a pleasant offspring
210
By Ares torn away; for not,
I deem, by silly talking
Shall we this controversy part
and so return from combat.
But if it please thee this to learn,
then straightway will I tell thee
Our higher parentage; the which
is known to many mortals.
First, cloud-collecting Jupiter
had Dardanus for offspring,
215
Who o'er Dardania built: — not yet
upon the plain was founded
Our sacred fortress Ilium
for voice-dividing mortals,
But still along the slopes they dwelt
of rill-bestreamed Ida.
King Erichthonius in turn
to Dardanus was offspring,
And he of mortals richest was:
of whom three thousand coursers
220
Were pastur'd on a marsh, all mares,
in tender foals exulting.
Eke Boreas, who saw them graze,
enamour'd of their beauty,
Became a purple-maned steed:
thereby twelve foals they bare him.
This progeny, when bound it would
o'er Earth's lifegiving bosom,
Scudded across the stalks of corn
at top, and did not break them:
Over the sea's broad-swelling backs
when it in turn would gallop,
It scudded in the hoary brine
along the breakers' summit.
But Erichthonius begat
Tros, ruler of the Troians.
230
Also from Tros begotten were
three bretheren unblemish'd,
Ilus and eke Assaracus
and godlike Ganymedes,
Fairest of mortals: him the gods
on score of beauty crowned,
To bear the cup for Jupiter
and dwell among immortals.
235
Ilus in turn Laomedon
begat, a spotless offspring;
Laomedon, he father was
to Priam and Tithonus
And Hiketaon, branch of Ares,
Clytius and Lampus.
Also Assaracus had son
Capys, Anchises' father:
I from Anchises offspring am,
from Priam godlike Hector.
240
Such is the parentage, and such
the blood in which I glory.
But human valour Jupiter
now raiseth, now abateth,
As listeth him; for he mid all
is mightiest of power.
But come, no longer let us stand
such argument to reckon,
Prating like childish simpletons
in midst of foeman's struggle.
245
Both may, to surfeit, jibes retort:
no hundred-benched galley
Would hold the cargo: pliable
and rich the tongue of mortals,
Which hither thither dealeth out
rife crops of tales and stories.
Words, as it list thee, utter thou;
like repartee shall greet thee.
250
But wherefore should we twain with strife
and wrangling, one at other,
Like women, bargain? who, enrag'd
with soul-devouring quarrel,
Full in the street advancing, rail
with true and false reproaches
Redoubled mutual: and wrath
both this and that suggesteth.
255
But not by railing mayest thou
turn off my eager valour,
Ere that, confronting thee, I try
hard brass: but come, and quickly
Each shall with pointed weapon taste
the prowess of the other."
Thus speaking, in the mighty shield
his weighty spear he planted,
Terrific, and around its point
the buckler hoarsely bellow'd.
260
Pelides, he with brawny arm
in terror held the buckler
Far from his body; deeming sure
that mighty-soul'd Æneias
Would hurtle thro' its folds with
ease the spear with lengthy shadow;
Oh simpleton! who ponder'd not
within his heart and bosom,
That hard it is for mortal men
by dint of will to vanquish
265
Gods' workmanship all-glorious,
which yieldeth not to effort.
So neither then the weighty spear
of skilful-soul'd Æneias
Might pierce the buckler; for, the
gold, gift of the god, repell'd it.
Yet thro' two brazen outer plates
it pass'd: three still resisted:
270
For in the central plate of gold
was stay'd the ashen weapon,
And yet two plates of tin remain'd,
by Vulcan forg'd behind it.
Next then Achilles forward threw
the spear with lengthy shadow,
And struck upon Æneias' shield,
which equal was on all sides,
Into the outmost rim, whereon
the brass was hammer'd thinnest,
275
And thinnest lay the hide of ox:
there, thro' the folds careering,
Pierced the ash of Pelion,
with clank and crash of leather.
Æneias crouch'd, and far from him
in terror held the buckler.
Over his back the spear to earth
sped eager, and asunder
280
Divided that man-hiding orb:
but he, so near to danger,
Shudder'd, and o'er his eyen swam
thick cloudiness of horror.
But Peleus' son his sharp sword drew,
and eager leapt upon him
With terror-striking yell. Meanwhile
Æneias seiz'd and brandish'd
285
A rock, a vast creation,
which not two men might carry,
(Men such as now are seen,)
but he alone with ease did swing it.
Then had Æneias with the stone
struck his onrushing foeman
On helmet or on buckler, which
would deadly bale have warded,
And with the sword in closing fight
Pelides quick had slain him:
290
But that the shaker of the Earth,
Neptune, did keenly watch them,
And instant to the immortal gods
address'd a word of warning:
"Ye Spirits! verily I grieve
for mighty-soul'd Æneias,
Who soon by Peleus' son subdued
would seek the house of Pluto,
Deluded by the empty words
of Hecatus Apollo,
295
Silly: for nowise will the god
from deadly mischief shield him.
But wherefore should a guiltless man
endure disastrous noyance,
Vainly, for woes of other men,
tho' to the gods, who habit
The vasty heaven, alway he
doth gifts delightsome offer?
But come ye! from the approaching death
let us the hero rescue.
300
For eke will Saturn's child be wroth
hereafter, if Achilles
Slay him: for heav'nly Destiny
escape for him decreeth,
Lest that the breed of Dardanus
be lost, and branchless perish; —
Of Dardanus, whom Jupiter
lov'd most of all the children,
Who of his body gotten were,
and born of mortal mothers:
305
But Saturn's child hath long ago
the line of Priam hated.
Therefore Æneias' self shall hold
the lordship of the Troians,
And children's children after him
in later age begotten."
To him with word reciprocal
spake large-eyed queenly Juno:
"Landshaking god! do thou thyself
within thy bosom ponder,
310
Whether thou wilt Æneias save,
or leave him to be vanquish'd,
Noble and pious tho' he be,
by Peleus' son Achilles.
But unto all the immortal gods,
myself, and maid Athene, —
We twain, — in many oaths have sworn,
that never from the Troians
315
Will we the evil day avert;
not when all Troy shall smoulder
In wasting flames, which (soon or late)
Achaia's sons shall kindle."
But when landshaking Neptune heard
such answer from the goddess,
He sped to hie him thro' the fight
and thro' the mell of weapons,
And came, where with Æneias stood
right-glorious Achilles.
320
Over the eyes of Peleus' son
a sudden mist he poured,
And pluck'd the brazen-headed ash
from great Æneias' buckler;
So to Achilles back again
before his feet he cast it,
And rais'd Æneias from the earth,
and far behind convey'd him.
325
Then many ranks of men and steeds,
Æneias, high uplifted
By heav'nly power, overleapt,
and reach'd the outmost margin
Of war much-sallying; whereat
for battle the Caucônes
Were arming them: then to his side
came tower-shaking Neptune,
330
Who with admonitory word
did winged accents utter:
"What god, Æneias! biddeth thee
infatuate to combat
Against the overmatching force
of haughty-soul'd Pelides?
Who both is mightier than thee,
and dearer to the immortals.
But alway henceforth draw thee back,
if haply thou confront him,
335
Lest to the house of Aïdes,
despite of Fate, he send thee.
But when by death and destiny
shall Achileus be hended,
Thenceforward with a cheery heart
fight thou among the foremost,
Nor ever dread to be a spoil
to other of Achaians."
He spake, and left him on the spot,
sith he had all expounded,
340
And quickly from Achilles' eyes
dispers'd the mist unearthly.
He saw; and sore indignant spake
to his own haughty spirit:
"Ye Spirits! now these eyen see
in truth a mighty marvel.
Here lieth on the ground my spear,
nor do I find the foeman,
345
At whom I hurl'd it, hankering
to rieve his tender spirit.
Then verily Æneias was
dear to the gods immortal,
I wis; albeit I esteem'd
his prayers vain and fruitless.
Away with him. Never again
will he to try my prowess
Have courage; who hath even now
from death escaped gladly.
350
But come, and let me stir to fight
the Danaï warloving,
And of the other Troïans
seek some one to confront me."
He spake, and leapt among the ranks,
the men exhorting singly:
"No longer now from Troians stand
aloof, divine Achaians!
But come, let man with man confront,
and eager be for battle.
355
For me, whate'er my bravery,
the task is overmatching,
To deal with such a troop of men
and meet their force collected.
Not Ares, tho' a deathless god,
would dare, nor yet Athene,
To bandy hardiment, and face
such open jaws of battle.
But whatsoever I, by hands
and feet and strength, may compass,
360
No want of enterprize, I say,
shall stay me, e'en a moment:
Nay, but across their rank will I
go throughly; nor, I reckon,
Will any Troian joyful be,
who near my spear may venture."
So spake he urging them: meanwhile,
brave Hector to the Troians
With loud upbraidment call'd, and vow'd
himself to meet Achilles:
365
"High-hearted Troians! tremble not
to hear the son of Peleus.
I too in battle of the tongue
would fight against immortals;
But, with the spear, that harder were;
for greatly are they stronger.
Not all his sayings Achileus
shall carry to fulfilment:
If one he complish, yet will he
halfway lop off another.
370
And tho' to fire his hands be like,
I will this man encounter;
Tho' unto fire his hands were like,
his heart to glowing iron."
So spake he urging them, and they
their adverse spears uplifted,
And closely mingled their array,
and rais'd the shout together.
Then bright Apollo standing near
address'd a word to Hector:
375
"Hector! no longer forward stand,
alone Achilles fronting,
But mix'd in tumult of the war
and in the crowd await him,
Lest with the sword or flying dart
he reach thee in encounter."
So spake he: Hector then again
the crowd of fighters enter'd,
In tremor, when the heav'nly voice
he heard, his pride restraining.
380
But mid the Troians Achileus,
ensheath'd in valour, bounded
With horror-striking yell: and first
Iphition he hended,
Otrynteus' noble-hearted son,
leader of many peoples;
Whom to his city-rieving sire
a Naïd nymph presented
Amidst of Hyda's foodful loam,
beneath the snowy Tmolus.
385
Him, as he eager onward rush'd,
the spear of great Achilles
Struck, full in middle of the head;
which straight was cleft asunder.
So with a crash he dropt. Thereat
divine Achilles vaunted:
"Son of Otrynteus, marvellous
among the ranks of heroes!
Here dying, here thou long shalt lie:
yet upon lake Gygæa
390
Haddest thou life's beginning; where
thy sire's domain is counted
Near upon Hyllus' fishful stream,
and near to whirling Hermus."
So spake the victor: but the slain
in darkness clos'd his eyen.
His corpse, the Achaian horses tare
amid the foremost struggle
With wheels o'erpassing: after him,
brave champion of battle,
395
Antenor's son, Demoleon,
met Achileus; who smote him
With spear upon the temple, thro'
the brazen-plated helmet.
Nor might the helmet's brass resist
the ashen weight; but thro' it
Mid bone and brain the weapon splash'd,
and quell'd his eager hurry.
400
Then in the back, Hippodamas,
who from the car dismounted
And sped in front of him to flee,
with the same spear was wounded.
He gasp'd and bellow'd, as the bull,
by callants dragg'd, doth bellow
Around the lord of Helicon;
wherein great Neptune joyeth:
405
So him, as there he bellowed,
his haughty soul abandon'd.
Then went Achilles with the spear
to close with Polydorus,
The godlike son of Priam: him
his sire forbade to combat,
For-that in tale of years he was
of all his sons the youngest,
And dearest to the father was,
and none could match his fleetness.
410
Then in his folly, to display
how swift his feet could bear him,
He thro' the foremost rag'd, until
his tender life was forfeit.
Him with the dart divine Achilles
footreliant wounded
Full in the back, as past he rush'd;
just in the girdle's centre,
Where golden buckles join'd, and where
the corslet met it double.
415
Unto the other side the point
came thro', beside the navel:
So, groaning, on his knees he dropt;
a murky cloud around him
Gather'd: and bent aside in death,
his hand his bowels grappled.
But Hector, when he thus espied
his brother Polydorus
Clutching his bowels in his hand,
and on the earth cast sideways,
420
Thick mist around his eyes was shed,
nor did his heart allow him
Longer aloof to stay; but he
came fronting to Achilles,
Like to a flame; and brandish'd fierce
his weapon: but Achilles
Saw him, and instant sprang on high,
and spake a word of vaunting:
"Behold the man at hand, who most
my heart hath deeply printed,
425
Who slew my dearly-valued friend:
but now, I ween, no longer
Will each from other skulk away
along the battle's causeys."
He spake; then this with scowling glance
to godlike Hector added:
"Come nearer; so thou earlier
destruction's goal shalt compass.
But, naught dismay'd, to him replied
Hector the motley-helmed:
430
"Pelides! hope not by thy talk
as silly child to fright me.
Banter is easy to myself,
as eke are fierce reproaches.
I know, that doughty is thy force,
and that my own is weaker;
But in the lap of destiny,
I trow, our lot abideth,
435
Whether, tho' weaker far than thee,
I yet may haply slay thee,
Casting my dart; for, heretofore,
some men have found it pointed."
He spake, and poising, forward threw
the spear; but it Athene,
Blowing with gentle breath, turn'd off
from Achileus the famous,
And back before the feet again
of godlike Hector cast it.
440
But Achileus, with frenzied zeal
to slay his foeman, sallied
With horror-striking yell: in vain:
for, him did prince Apollo
Rescue, as gods do, easily,
and wrapp'd in mist abundant.
Thrice rush'd Achilles with the spear,
thrice wounded empty darkness;
But when the fourth time on he sped,
like to a mighty Spirit,
445
In vain, he then with menace dire
did winged accents utter:
"Hound! thou again hast death escap'd:
yet verily the mischief
Came near to thee: but now anew
hath bright Apollo sav'd thee;
450
To whom, I ween, in din of darts
adventuring, thou prayest.
But when, next time, on thee I light,
I soothly will despatch thee,
If eke to me among the gods
is found some able backer.
But now on others, whomsoe'er
I hend, shall be my onset."
Thus speaking, with the dart he
pierc'd the midmost neck of Dryops,
455
Who fell before him: him he left,
and next assail'd Demuchus,
Philetor's tall and comely son.
His knee the spear had crippled;
The mighty sword then smote him
down, and reft away his spirit.
Next from their chariot to earth
he struck two sons of Bias,
460
Laogonus and Dardanus,
with javelin and swordcut.
Then Tros, Alastor's son, came up,
and clasp'd his knees imploring,
If, pitying their equal youth,
he might alive release him:
465
O simpleton! who knew not this,
that nothing him could soften.
For troth! no tender-hearted man,
nor sweet of temper was he;
But fierce and earnest. While with hand
the suppliant would soothe him
Touching his knees, he plung'd the sword
and stabb'd him in the liver.
Forth gush'd the liver: dusky blood
thick following behind it
470
His lap with dire pollution fill'd:
so darkness veil'd his eyen,
As fail'd the living force. But next,
thro' Mulius the victor
Pierced from ear to ear: then he
Agenor's son Echéclus
Smote on the head with hilted sword,
and warm'd with blood the weapon:
475
There crimson Death his eyen press'd
and Destiny resistless.
Next, where the elbow-sinews meet,
Deucalion he wounded,
Piercing the tender wrist: but he
stood firm before him, crippled,
480
And viewing death in front; until
Achilles' sword descending
Lopt off the head and cast afar
the helmet: but the marrow
Shot from the spine on high: so hé
lay on the ground extended.
Then after Peireus' spotless son
Pelides hied to speed him, —
Rhigmus, who came from loamy Thrace.
The dart his navel pierced,
485
And dash'd him from the chariot.
His charioteer-attendant,
Areithoüs, the horses wheel'd;
but the same spear subdued him,
Fix'd in his back: thereat the steeds
were in their harness tangled.
As in a parched mountain-glen
the fire's unearthly splendour
490
Rageth aloft and spreadeth wide,
and the thick forest kindleth,
When huffling wind the flames doth
roll and whisk their wreaths on all sides:
So with the spear on every side,
like to a mighty Spirit,
He rag'd in merciless pursuit;
and dark earth reek'd with carnage.
As when one yokes broad-fronted steers
to trample the white barley
495
On a hard floor, the lowing brutes
quick with their feet do crush it;
So with great-hearted Achileus
the single-hoofed horses
Trampled on shields and carcases.
Beneath the car the axle,
And the broad rims orbicular,
with gore of men were pelted,
500
Splash'd from the tires and horses' hoofs:
but he, for glory eager,
Scour'd; and his hands intractable
with carnage were polluted.