Sophocles Philoctetes 135-215

Richard Jebb (Translator)

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Philoctetes. Sophocles. Richard Jebb (Translator). Cambridge. 1898.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The Annenberg CPB/Project.

Current edition Experimental

Philoctetes (English) (Sophocles the plays and fragments, Part 4: The Philoctetes. Jebb, Richard Claverhouse, Sir, translator. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1898. (Modernized by Perseus.))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (2)
Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 135 focus
Τί χρὴ τί χρή με, δέσποτ᾽ δέσποτα μ', ἐν ξένᾳ ξένον
135
στέγειν, ἢ τί λέγειν πρὸς ἄνδρ᾽ ὑπόπταν ;
φράζε μοι.
τέχνα γὰρ τέχνας ἑτέρας προὔχει
καὶ γνώμα, παρ᾿ ὅτῳ τὸ θεῖον
Διὸς σκῆπτρον ἀνάσσεται.
140
σὲ δ᾽, ὦ τέκνον, τόδ᾽ ἐλήλυθεν
πᾶν κράτος ὠγύγιον· τό μοι ἔννεπε,
τί σοι χρεὼν ὑπουργεῖν.
Νῦν μὲν ἴσως γὰρ γὰρ ἴσως τόπον τόπον τόπον ἐσχατιαῖς
προσιδεῖν ἐθέλεις ἐθέλεις ἐθέλεις ἐθέλοις ὅντινα κεῖται,
145
δέρκου θαρσῶν· ὁπόταν δὲ μόλῃ
δεινὸς ὁδίτης τῶνδ᾽ ἐκ μελάθρων,
πρὸς ἐμὴν αἰεὶ χεῖρα προχωρῶν
πειρῶ τὸ παρὸν θεραπεύειν.
Μέλον πάλαι μέλημά μοι λέγεις, ἄναξ,* Μέλον πάλαι μέλημά μοι λέγεις ἄναξ τὸ σὸν
150
φρουρεῖν φρορεῖν φρουρεῖν ὄμμ᾽ ἐπὶ σῷ μάλιστα καιρῷ·
νῦν δέ μοι
λέγ᾽ αὐλὰς αὐλᾶσ αὐλὰς ποίας ἔνεδρος ναίει
καὶ χῶρον τίν' ἔχει. τὸ γάρ μοι
μαθεῖν οὐκ ἀποκαίριον,
155
μὴ προσπεσών με λάθῃ μὴ με λάθῃ προσπεσών ποθέν,
τίς τόπος, ἢ τίς ἕδρα, τίν' ἔχει στίβον,
ἔναυλον, ἢ θυραῖον.
Οἶκον μὲν ὁρᾷς τόνδ᾽ ἀμφίθυρον
πετρίνης κοίτης.
160
Οἰκτείρω νιν ἔγωγ᾽, ὅπως,
μή του κηδομένου μὴ τοὺς κηδομένους μή του κηδομένου βροτῶν
170
μηδὲ μὴ μηδὲ σύντροφον ὄμμ᾽ ἔχων,
δύστανος, μόνος αἰεί ἀεὶ,
Οὗτος πρωτογόνων ἴσως
οἴκων οὐδενὸς ὕστερος,
180
πάντων ἄμμορος ἐν βίῳ
κεῖται μοῦνος ἀπ᾿ ἄλλων
στικτῶν ἢ λασίων μετὰ μέτα
θηρῶν, ἔν τ᾿ ὀδύναις ὁμοῦ
λιμῷ τ᾽ οἰκτρός, ἀνήκεστα μεριμνήματ᾽ ἔχων * βάρει. ἔχων βαρεία δ' ἔχων βαρεῖ· βαρεία δ'
185
ὁ δ᾽ ἀθυρόστομος ἀθυρύστομος
ἀχὼ τηλεφανὴς πικρᾶς
οἰμωγᾶς ὑπόκειται.
Οὐδὲν τούτων θαυμαστὸν ἐμοί εμοί·
θεῖα γάρ, εἴπερ κἀγώ τι φρονῶ,
190
καὶ τὰ παθήματα κεῖνα παθήματ᾿ ἐκεῖνα πρὸς αὐτὸν
τῆς ὠμόφρονος Χρύσης χρυσης χρύσης ἐπέβη,
καὶ νῦν ἃ πονεῖ δίχα κηδεμόνων,
οὐκ ἔσθ᾽ *ὡς ὅπως οὐ θεῶν του του μελέτῃ,
τοῦ μὴ πρότερον τόνδ᾽ ἐπὶ Τροίᾳ
195
τεῖναι τὰ θεῶν ἀμάχητα βέλη,
πρὶν ὅδ᾽ ἐξήκοι χρόνος, ᾧ λέγεται ὧιλεται ᾧ λέγεται
χρῆναί χρήν χρῆν χρῆναί σφ᾽ ὑπὸ τῶνδε δαμῆναι.
Εὔστομ᾽ ἔχε, παῖ.
᾿Αλλ᾽ ἔχε, τέκνον,
Greek (F. Storr, 1912) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. Storr, 1912)) — 135-217 focus
Translations (4)
English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 135 focus
Strange in the stranger land,
135
What shall I speak? What hide
From a heart suspicious of ill?
Tell me, O master mine!
Wise above all is the man,
140
Peerless in searching thought,
Who with the Zeus-given wand
Wieldeth a Heaven-sent power.
This unto thee, dear son,
Fraught with ancestral might,
This to thy life hath come.
Wherefore I bid thee declare,
What must I do for thy need?
Even now methinks thou longest to espy
Near ocean’s marge the place where he doth lie.
Gaze without fear. But when the traveller stern,
Who from this roof is parted, shall return,
Advancing still as I the signal give,
145
To serve each moment’s mission thou shalt strive.
145
That, O my son, from of old
145
Hath been my care, to take note
What by thy beck’ning is told;
Still thy success to promote.
But for our errand to-day
Behoves thee, master, to say
Where is the hearth of his home;
Or where even now doth he roam?
O tell me, lest all unaware
He spring like a wolf from his lair
And I by surprise should be ta’en,
Where doth he move or remain,
Here lodging, or wandering away?
Thou seëst yon double doorway of his cell,
Poor habitation of the rock.
160
Where is the pain-worn wight himself abroad?
To me ’tis clear, that, in his quest for food,
Here, not far off, he trails yon furrowed path.
For, so ’tis told, this mode the sufferer hath
Of sustenance, oh hardness! bringing low
Wild creatures with wing’d arrows from his bow;
Nor findeth healer for his troublous woe.
I feel his misery.
With no companion eye,
Far from all human care,
He pines with fell disease;
Each want he hourly sees
Awakening new despair.
How can he bear it still?
165
O cruel Heavens! O pain
165
Of that afflicted mortal train
165
Whose life sharp sorrows fill!
Born in a princely hall,
Highest, perchance, of all,
Now lies he comfortless
Alone in deep distress,
’Mongst rough and dappled brutes,
With pangs and hunger worn;
While from far distance shoots,
On airy pinion borne,
The unbridled Echo, still replying
To his most bitter crying.
At nought of this I marvel—for if I
Judge rightly, there assailed him from on high
190
That former plague through Chrysa’s cruel sting:
And if to-day he suffer anything
With none to soothe, it must be from the will
Of some great God, so caring to fulfil
The word of prophecy, lest he should bend
195
On Troy the shaft no mortal may forfend,
Before the arrival of Troy’s destined hour,
When she must fall, o’er-mastered by their power.
Hush, my son!
From far it peals. But thou, my son!
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 135 focus
Was soll ich, Herr, was soll ich, fremd im fremden Land, 1
135
Dem Argwöhnenden bergen oder kundthun?
Sage mir's: denn hoch ragt vor anderer Kunst hervor
Eines Königes Kunst,
Der, klug waltend, Zeus' göttliches Scepter lenkt. 2
Auf dich, Sohn, erbte der ältesten 3
140
Ahnen gesamte Gewalt; so verkünde mir:
Wie soll ich nun dir dienen?
Jezt, weil du vielleicht zu schauen verlangst
Den entlegenen Ort, der jenen verbirgt,
Blick' hin furchtlos: doch wann er erscheint,
145
Der Entsezliche, der in der Kluft hier wohnt, 4
Komni immer sogleich an die Hand mir heran,
Zu jeglichem Dienste gerüstet.
Erste Gegenstrophe.
Du mahnst, o Herr, an Sorgen, die mich längst erfüllt,
Waches Auges zu sein für deinen Vortheil.
150
Aber sage mir nun, welches Haus er einsam bewohnt,
Welcher Ort ihn verbirgt.
Denn wohl thut es noth, daß ich erkundige,
(Sonst fällt er unvermerkt mich an,)
Wo er verweilt und verkehrt und sich lagerte,
155
Ob innen oder draußen.
Hier siehst du sein Haus, dies Felsengemach
Mit doppelter Thür.
Wo weilt denn der Unglückselige selbst?
Ich glaube gewiß, er schleppte sich fort,
160
Auf Nahrung aus, in die Nähe wohin.
Denn diese Gewohnheit pflegt er stets,
So sagt man: mühvoll müht er sich ab,
Mit beschwingtem Geschoß zu erlegen das Wild,
Und nirgend erscheint 5
165
Ihm aus der Bedrängniß ein Retter.
Zweite Strophe.
Innig jammert des Mannes mich,
Den kein menschliches Auge, das
Seiner hütet und wacht, erquickt,
Wie er, ewig allein, ach !
170
Am wildwühlenden Schmerze krankt
Und Noth leidet an Allem, was
Heischt des Lebens Bedarf. Wie nur, o wie trägt es der Arme nur?
Furchtbare Götterhand! 6
Weh, unseliges Staubgeschlecht,
175
Maßlos duldend im Leben!
Zweite Gegenstrophe.
Er, der sicherlich keinem Sohn
Altberühmter Geschlechter weicht,
Er liegt, alles Bedarfs entblößt,
Einsam, ohne Genossen,
180
Wo nur buntes und zottiges
Wild haust, liegt, sich verzehrend in
Schmerz und Hunger, von unheilbaren Grams Sorgen ge=
Von dem geschwäzigen,
Fernhindröhnenden Widerhall quält, und rings
185
Bittern Jammers umlagert.
Mir scheint hier Nichts der Verwunderung werth:
Denn ward mir einige Weisheit auch,
Ist dieses Geschick von den Göttern verhängt,
Brach über ihn ein durch Chryse's Zorn; 7
190
Auch was er, freundlicher Pflege beraubt,
Jezt duldet, geschieht nach der Ewigen Rath,
Daß nicht auf Ilions Veste zu früh
Er spanne des Gott's unbezwinglich Geschoß, 8
Eh nahte die Zeit, da sie diesem erliegt,
195
Wie's ihr nach der Sage verhängt ist.
Dritte Strophe.
Schweige still, mein Sohn!
Denke, Sohn
205
Dritte Gegenstrophe.
English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 135 focus
Neopiolemus.
135
Chok. Master, instruct us, strangers as we are,
135
"What we may utter, what we must conceal.
Doubtless the man we seek \vill entertain
Suspicion of us ; how are we to act ?
To those alone belongs the art to rule
W ho bear the sceptre from the hand of Jove ;
140
To thee of right devolves the power supreme.
From thy great ancestors delivered down \
Speak then, our royal lord, and we obey.
If you would penetrate yon deep recess
Go forward ; but remember to return
When the poor wanderer comes this way, prepared
To aid our purpose here if need require.
O king ! we ever meant to fix our eyes
150
On thee, and wait attentive to thy will ;
But, tell us, in what part is he concealed?
'Tis fit we know the place, lest unobserved
He rush upon us. Which way doth it lie?
155
Seest thou his footsteps leading from the cave,
Or hither bent ?
\advanGing toicards the cave\. Behold the double
door
Of his poor dwelling, and the flinty bed.
160
Alas ! 1 pity him. Without a friend.
Without a fellow-sufferer, left alone,
Deprived of all the mutual joys that flow
From sweet society — distempered too !
How can he bear it ? O unhappy race
170
Of mortal man ! doomed to an endless round
170
Of sorrows, and immeasurable woe !
170
Second to none in fair nobility
170
Yet here he lies, from every human aid
Far off removed, in dreadful solitude,
And mingles with the wild and savage herd ;
With them in famine and in misery
Consumes his days, and weeps their common fate.
Unheeded, save when babbling echo mourns
In bitterest notes responsive to his woe.
And yet I wonder not ; for if aright
I judge, from angry heaven the sentence came,
190
And Chrysa was the cruel source of all ;
Nor doth this sad disease inflict him still
Incurable, without assenting gods ]
For so they have decreed, lest Troy should fall
195
Beneath his arrows ere th' appointed time
Of its destruction come.
No more, my son !
E'en now
I hear it, and the sound as of some step
Slow-moving this way. He is not far from us.
His plaints are louder now. Prepare, my son !
English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Robert Potter, 1788)) — 135 focus
In a strange land a stranger, potent lord,
What truths must I conceal, what may I speak,
When to our sight this man presents himself?
Instruct me, for in knowledge he excels
All others, and in prudence, who from Jove
Receives the sacred sceptre; all this pow'r
To thee, my son, is from a noble line
Of ancestors derived. Inform me then
What service from my hand is now required.
Now, if thou hast a wish to see the place
Through all its deep recesses where he lies,
With freedom view it; but when he returns,
The painful traveller, quit these caves, be near
My hand, prepared to act as need requires.
Where absent is the wretched dweller now?..
The want of food hath doubtless drawn him forth
To toil with painful step, not distant fari
For he sustains his miserable life
By miserably piercing with his shafts
The beasts that haunt these wilds; nor for his wound
Finds he a cure, or to his pains relief.
I pity him, no mortal's lenient aid
Tending around him, and no social friend
Near him to sooth his solitary hours.
Alone, and with the anguish of his wound
For ever tortured, while each cheerless want
Daily scowls round him, how supports he life?
Alas, to what hard toils are mortal men
Reduced, whose lives, unhappy sufferers, want
What to sustain them! So this man, perchance
In noble blood and high-traced ancestry
Rank'd with the greatest, destitute of all
That life requires, alone 'midst shaggy beasts
And birds of various wing his lodging finds;
And pierced with pain and hunger here endures
Immedicable anguish, whilst around
The rock's rude Echo with unceasing voice
In sullen notes returns his dismal groans.
The voice of one acquainted long with pain.

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-91-1 ἐν ξένᾳ ξένον 1

mvp-comment-91-2 στέγειν … λέγειν 2

mvp-comment-91-3 ὑπόπταν 3

mvp-comment-92-1 τέχνα 4

mvp-comment-92-2 ἑτέρας 5

mvp-comment-92-3 γνώμα 6 γνώμας 7

mvp-comment-92-4 παρ’ ὅτῳ 8

mvp-comment-92-5 τὸ θεῖον Διὸς σκῆπτρον 9

mvp-comment-92-6 ἀνάσσεται 10

mvp-comment-93-1 σὲ … ἐλήλυθεν 11 σοὶ δ’ 12 σὲ δ’ 13

mvp-comment-93-2 πᾶν κράτος 14

mvp-comment-93-3 ὠγύγιον 15

mvp-comment-93-4 τὸ 16

mvp-comment-93-5 144 f. The Chorus has asked, How are we to help? He replies, in effect, ‘The moment for you to help has not come yet. Meanwhile you can approach, and look at the cave. When Philoctetes returns, then you must be guided by the signs that I shall give you.’ The Chorus are supposed to be on the shore, below the cave, and at a point from which they have not a clear view of it. Invited by Neoptolemus, they now advance nearer. The word

ἀμφίθυρον
(159) implies that, having approached the seaward mouth of the cave, they can see right through it; and v. 161 (
ποῦ γὰρ ὁ τλήμων
...;) confirms this; their own eyes now assure them that the cave is empty. But nothing indicates that they actually enter it.

mvp-comment-93-6 ἐσχατιαῖς 17

mvp-comment-93-7 ὅντινα κεῖται 18

mvp-comment-94-1 τῶνδ’ Οὑκ μελάθρων 19 ὁδίτης 20 μόλῃ 21 τῶνδε ὁ ἐκ μελάθρων 22 ἐκ 23 ἐκ 24 μόλῃ 25 ἐκ 26 προχωρῶν 27

mvp-comment-95-1 πρὸς ἐμὴν αἰεὶ χεῖρα προχωρῶν 28 προχωρῶν 29 πρὸς ἐμὴν … χεῖρα 30

mvp-comment-96-1 τὸ παρὸν θεραπεύειν 31

mvp-comment-97-1 μέλον … μέλημα 32 ὄμμα 33 φρουρεῖν 34

mvp-comment-97-2 ἐπὶ σῷ καιρῷ 35

mvp-comment-98-1 αὐλὰς ποίας 36

mvp-comment-98-2 ἔνεδρος 37 ναίει 38

mvp-comment-98-3 χῶρον τίν’ ἔχει 39

mvp-comment-98-4 τὸ γὰρ οὐκ ἀποκ. μοί 40 μαθεῖν 41 προσπεσών 42

mvp-comment-99-1 τίς τόπος … θυραῖον 43

mvp-comment-99-2 ἔχει στίβον 44 ἔναυλον 45

mvp-comment-100-1 οἶκον … κοίτης 46

mvp-comment-100-2 ἀμφίθυρον 47 μὲν 48 ποῦ γὰρ 49

mvp-comment-101-1 φορβῆς 50

mvp-comment-101-2 τῇδε 51 τόνδε 52

mvp-comment-102-1 ταύτην 53

mvp-comment-102-2 φύσιν 54

mvp-comment-103-1 στυγερὸν στυγερῶς 55 σμυγερὸν σμυγερῶς 56

mvp-comment-104-1 ἐπινωμᾶν 57

mvp-comment-105-1 οἰκτίρω 58

mvp-comment-105-2 ὅπως 59

mvp-comment-106-1 μή του 60

mvp-comment-106-2 μηδὲ 61 σύντροφον 62 ξύντροφον 63

mvp-comment-106-3 ξυντρ. ὄμμ’ 64

mvp-comment-107-1 ἀλύει 65

mvp-comment-107-2 παντί τῳ χρείας 66 ἱσταμένῳ 67

mvp-comment-108-1 ὦ παλάμαι Θεῶν 68 θεῶν 69 θνητῶν 70 θνητῶν 71

mvp-comment-109-1 γένη 72

mvp-comment-110-1 οἷς μὴ μέτριος αἰών 73 μὴ 74 μὴ μέτριος 75 γένη 76

mvp-comment-111-1 πρωτογόνων 77 εὐγενῶν 78

mvp-comment-111-2 ἴσως 79 ἴσως 80 γεγὼς 81

mvp-comment-111-3 οὐδενὸς 82 ἥκων 83 οἴκων 84 οἴκων 85 οὐδενὸς ὕστερος 86

mvp-comment-112-1 ἐν βίῳ 87 ἄμμορος 88 πάντων 89

mvp-comment-113-1 μοῦνος ἀπ’ ἄλλων 90

mvp-comment-113-2 στικτῶν 91 ἔλαφος 92 λασίων 93 στικτῶν 94

mvp-comment-113-3 μετὰ 95

mvp-comment-113-4 ἔν τ’ ὀδύναις 96

mvp-comment-114-1 Ὀρεία δ’ 97 βαρεῖα δ’ 98 ὀρεία 99

mvp-comment-114-2 ἀθυρόστομος 100 ἀθυροστομοῦς’ 101

mvp-comment-115-1 Ἀχὼ τηλεφανὴς 102

mvp-comment-115-2 πικραῖς | οἰμωγαῖς ὑπακούει 103 πικρᾶς οἰμωγᾶς ὑπόκειται 104 ὑπακούει 105

mvp-comment-116-1 θεῖα 106

mvp-comment-116-2 κἀγώ 107

mvp-comment-116-3 καὶ τὰ παθήμ. κεῖνα 108

mvp-comment-116-4 τῆς ὠμόφρ. Χρύσης 109 ἐπέβη 110 παθήματα … Χρύσης 111

mvp-comment-116-5 ὠμόφρονος 112

mvp-comment-117-1 οὐκ ἔσθ’ ὡς οὐ 113

mvp-comment-118-1 τοῦ μὴ … τεῖναι 114

mvp-comment-118-2 τεῖναι … βέλη 115 τὰ θεῶν 116

mvp-comment-119-1 πρὶν...ἐξήκοι 117 πρὶν ἂν ἐξήκῃ 118

mvp-comment-119-2 λέγεται 119

mvp-comment-120-1 εὔστομ’ ἔχε 120

mvp-comment-120-2 τί τόδε 121

mvp-comment-120-3 προὐφάνη 122

mvp-comment-121-1 σύντροφος 123 φωτὸς 124

mvp-comment-122-1 ἤ που 125 ἦ που 126 τῇδ’ … τῇδε 127 τόπων 128

mvp-comment-122-2 βάλλει 129

mvp-comment-122-3 ἐτύμα 130

mvp-comment-123-1 στίβον … ἕρποντος 131

mvp-comment-123-2 κατ’ ἀνάγκαν 132 στίβου κατ’ ἀνάγκαν 133 στίβον 134

mvp-comment-124-1 οὐδέ με λάθει 135

mvp-comment-124-2 βαρεῖα 136 τρυσάνωρ 137

mvp-comment-124-3 διάσημα γὰρ θροεῖ 138

mvp-comment-125-1 ἀλλ’ ἔχε 139

mvp-comment-125-2 ἀλλ’ 140 ἔχε … φροντίδας vέας 141 λέγ’ ὅ τι 142

mvp-comment-126-1 οὐκ ἔξεδρος 143

mvp-comment-126-2 μολπὰν … ἔχων 144

mvp-comment-126-3 σύριγγος 145

mvp-comment-126-4 ποιμὰν 146

mvp-comment-126-5 ἀγροβότας, ἐν ἀγρῷ βόσκων 147

mvp-comment-127-1 ἀλλ’ ἤ που 148 βοᾷ 149 ὑπ’ ἀνάγκας 150 πταίων 151 βοᾷ 152

mvp-comment-127-2 τηλωπὸν ἰωάν 153

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

135-218. mvp-comment-91-1 We have here a commatic parados (cp. El., O. C.), in which Neoptolemus responds in anapaests to lyric measures chanted apparently by single members of the Chorus, as they take their places in the orchestra. Their entrance must be subsequent to l. 134, for the conversation in ll. 50 foll. would lose its effect if Odysseus and Philoctetes were not alone. The anapaests of Neoptolemus and l. 161, chanted by the coryphaeus, accompany movements of the Chorus, who at l. 169 have already taken up their position. The metres of the lyric part are as follows:- α΄. Glyc. β'. Glyc. γ. Glyc. It is evident that the lyric strains were accompanied with gesticulation, especially in στρ. and ἀντ. γ'. The fact that the Chorus at entering have some knowledge of that which has just been made known upon the stage, is not a sufficient reason for supposing them to have been present during any part of the previous scene. Similarly, in the O. T. the Chorus have been gathered by the news of the arrival of Creon from Delphi, which happens in the midst of the prologos, l. 87; and in the Ajax, the mariners speak of the slanders of Ulysses, which could only be disseminated after his exit. It is best, therefore, to suppose, as above, that the Chorus enter as usual after the prologos, and that the first strophe is begun as soon as they are well within hearing of the stage. The whole passage is meant to interest the spectator in Philoctetes, and to prepare for the effect to be produced by his entrance, infr. 219. Cp. Aj. 201-332.

135. mvp-comment-92-1 The correction of this line by Triclinius has been retained by most editors.

136. mvp-comment-93-1 στέγειν] 'To keep close.' Cp. Ο. Τ. 341, κἂν ἐγὼ σιγῇ στέγω. πρὸς ἄνδρ᾽ ὑπόπταν ἁποπταν] 'In my intercourse with one who is full of suspicion.' They feel that he must have been made so by ill-treatment and solitude.

138. mvp-comment-94-1 τέχνα . . ἀνάσσεται] ‘For the skill and wisdom of him who holds the sceptre divine given by Zeus surpasses that of another.' Cp. O. T. 380, καὶ τέχνη τέχνης | ὑπερφέρουσα: ib. 398, γνώμῃ κυρήσας, where τέχνη and γνώμη are used of practical wisdom. The reading γνώμας is probably due to an interlinear explanation of γνώμα.

139. mvp-comment-95-1 γνώμα] γνώμασ γνώμας γνώμα παρ᾿ ὅτῳ] Sc. παρ' ἐκείνῳ, παρ᾿ ᾧ (or simply ᾧ).

140. mvp-comment-96-1 For σκῆπτρον ἀνάσσεται ἀνά·::· σσεται ἀνάσσεται, cp. Ο. C. 449, σκῆπτρα κραίνειν. The expression Διὸς σκῆπτρον recalls the monarchical feeling of heroic times.

141. mvp-comment-97-1 σὲ δ᾽ ὦ Wunder and others have conjectured σοί, which agrees better with the antistrophe (l. 156); but the Attic accusative is more expressive = Hath descended on thee,' viz. through the death of Achilles. τόδ'.. ὠγύγιον] This absolute power with immemorial right.'

142. mvp-comment-98-1 πᾶν is intensive, as often in composition: cp. πᾶσα ἀνάγκη, and similar expressions. See especially Plat. Legg. 6. 762 C, ἢ πάσης τινὸς ἀνάγκης ἐμπεσούσης. ὠγύγιον is attributive, not predicative. See Essay on L. § 23. p. 38. τό] 'Wherefore.' Epicè. Cp. Il. 17. 404, τό μιν οὔποτε ἔλπετο θυμῷ | τεθνάμεν. See Essay on L. § 21. 3, p. 32. ἔννεπε] ἔννεπε(ν?) ἔννεπε

143. mvp-comment-99-1 ὑπουργεῖν υπουργεῖν

144-146. mvp-comment-100-1 νῦν.. θαρσών] Some editors insert a comma after μέν, but although νῦν is not to be separated from δέρκου, it belongs to both clauses. Cp. infr. 1020, 1, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γὰρ οὐδὲν θεοὶ νέμουσιν ἡδύ μοι, κ.τ.λ., where a comma after ἀλλ' would be obviously inconvenient. τόπον . . ὅντινα κεῖται] 'What place he makes his lair.' The relative follows the case of τόπον, which is accusative after προσιδεῖν. But the construction of ὅντινα κεῖται may also be explained as cognate, like αὐτάρκη θέσιν κειμένη in Thuc. 1. 37. ἐσχατιαῖς] Cp. Od. 9. 182, ἐπ᾿ ἐσχατιῇ σπέος εἴδομεν ἄγχι θαλάσσης. The dative of place is perhaps assisted by the neighbourhood of πρός in προσιδεῖν (Essay on L. § 54. p. 99. and also p. 62). For the plural, cp. τρόποις, supr. 128: infr. 153, αὐλάς: Pind. Isthm. 6. 12, ἐσχατιαῖς ἤδη πρὸς ὄλβου.

147. mvp-comment-101-1 δεινός] Dread,' reflecting the impression produced on Neoptolemus by 75, 6, 105, and the timid expressions of the Chorus in 135 foll. Philoctetes is terrible because of his bow, and the fear of him is enhanced by the mystery of his solitude.

147-148. mvp-comment-102-1 ὁδίτης] Cp. supr. 43, 4, infr. 162, 3. τῶνδ᾽ ἐκ μελάθρων] Who inhabits here.' Sc. ὁρμώμενος. The form of expression is suggested by the verbal notion in ὁδίτης. Some, including the διορθωτής of L, have wrongly connected τ. ἐ. μ. with προχωρῶν, Avoiding this habitation.' τῶν μελάθρων ἀποστάς, Schol. For μέλαθρον of the cave, cp infr. 1262, ἀμείψας τάσδε πετρήρεις στέγας. πρὸς ἐμὴν.. χεῖρα] ‘At my hand;' i. e. At the signals which I shall give, as to a hound in approaching game. Cp. infr. 865, and note; also Aesch. Suppl. 507, καὶ δή σφε λείπω χειρὶ καὶ λόγοις σέθεν (' At your signal and behest').

149. mvp-comment-103-1 τὸ παρὸν θεραπεύειν] (1) Το meet each occasion duly.' Cp. Thuc. 3.56, τὸ δὲ ξυμφέρον μᾶλλον θεραπεύοντες: Εl. 1305, 6, οὐ γὰρ ἂν καλῶς | ὑπηρετοίην τῷ παρόντι δαίμονι. Or rather, (2) To do the service immediately required.'

150. mvp-comment-104-1 The MS. reading here has two syllables too many. Hermann dropped μέλον and retained τὸ σόν, connecting πάλαι with the verbal notion in μέλημα. But it is more probable that τὸ σόν is a mistaken gloss on ὄμμα. μοι] om.

151. mvp-comment-105-1 φρουρεῖν . . καιρῷ] 'That I should fix a watchful glance on what is most opportune for thee.' For the use of the adverb in σῷ μ. καιρῷ τῷ μάλιστα ἐν καιρῷ ὄντι σοί, see Essay on L. § 24. p. 41. And for φρουρεῖν ὄμμα, cp. Τr. 914, κἀγὼ λαθραῖον ὄμμ᾽ ἐπεσκιασμένη | φρούρουν (where ὄμμα has the verbal meaning and in part at least depends on φρούρουν).

153. mvp-comment-106-1 αὐλὰς .. ἔχει] What home does he inhabit, and where is the place of his abode?' The Chorus, through the coryphaeus, ask two questions in one. Neoptolemus replies to either separately.

157. mvp-comment-107-1 τίς τόπος, ἢ τίς ἕδρα] Sc. ἐστὴν αὐτῷ. στίβον] Cp. supr. 29.

159-161. mvp-comment-108-1 These lines break the antistrophic effect. Cp O C. 197 foll., El. 1403-5, and notes.

159. mvp-comment-109-1 οἶκον.. κοίτης] 'Thou seest the home with a door either way where he makes his bed upon the rock.' For the genitive, see Essay on L. § 10. p. 15.

160. mvp-comment-110-1 The coryphaeus, with one or more of the other choreutae, has mounted to the stage during the recitation of 144-9. He advances further while his companion recites 150-8, and Neoptolemus points out the cave to him. He turns to Neoptolemus with this question and then rejoins his comrades. While Neoptolemus recites 162-68, the Chorus take up their regular position in the orchestra in front of the stage.

161. mvp-comment-111-1 ὁ τλήμων] This expression is prompted by the sight of Philoctetes' 'homeless dwelling-place.'

163. mvp-comment-112-1 στίβον ὀγμεύει] • He tracks his way.' The metaphor is taken from ploughing, and expresses the difficult motion of the lame man dragging his foot, and as it were harrowing the ground. For ὄγμος, ‘A furrow, cp. Il. 18. 546, Archil. 115. τόνδε πέλας που] 'This way, somewhere not far off.' With τόνδε Neoptolemus points to the way which Philoctetes must have taken. In πέλας he echoes what Odysseus had said in 41.

166. mvp-comment-113-1 στυγερὸν στυγερώς] The gloss ἐπιπόνως, compared with Hesych. σμυγερών : ἐπίπονον, οἰκτρών, μοχθηρόν, σμυγερῶς: ἐπιπόνως, certainly favours Brunck's emendation, σμυγερὸν σμυγε- ρῶς. But σμυγερός occurs nowhere else in Tragedy, μογερός being the form regularly used. And in iterative phrases like μόνος μόνοις, Αj. 467 : καινῷ καινὸν ἐν πεπλώματι, Τr. 613, it often happens that both words are not equally significant. Neoptolemus, in his horror of the solitary life, may also feel beforehand a natural horror of the solitary man. Philoctetes himself apprehends this, infr. 225, 6, καὶ μή μ᾿ ὀκνῳ | δείσαντες ἐκπλαγῆτ᾽ ἀπηγριωμένον. Cp. Od. 13. 399, 400, ἀμφὶ δὲ λαίφος | ἕσσω, ὅ κεν στυγέῃσιν ἰδῶν ἄνθρωπος ἔχοντα: ib. 11. 81, νῶῖ μὲν ὡς ἐπέεσσιν ἀμειβομένω στυγεροῖσιν | ἥμεθα.

167-168. mvp-comment-114-1 οὐδέ τιν᾿ αὐτῷ . . ἐπινωμᾶν] (1) Nor brings to his relief any healer of his woe;' so the Scholiast: i.e. 'No healer comes to him.' See E. on L. §30. p. 52, d. Or (2) reading αὑτῷ. • Nor does any healer of his woes approach him. But there is no clear instance in early Greek of νωμᾶν being used absolutely = To move.' See note on infr. 717. (3) Linwood prefers, 'Nor does any man bring him a healer.'

169. mvp-comment-115-1 ὅπως] As after θαυμάζω.

170. mvp-comment-116-1 The reading of the first hand of L, τοὺς κηδομένους, admits of a possible construction with ἔχων, but is probably an error arising from the change of construction.

171. mvp-comment-117-1 μηδὲ σύντροφον ὄμμα] Nor any soul to live with him.' ὄμμα is the act of eye meeting eye, and so is transferred to the object of affectionate intercourse. See E. on L. § 54, a. p. 99. σύντροφον, i. e. Partaking of the same circumstances and means of life.' For μή, see E. on L. p. 48, 2, 6.

173. mvp-comment-118-1 ἀγρίαν] 'Cruel,' 'intractable.' The disease is personified, as elsewhere throughout the play. There may also be an association from the medical use of the word as applied to a wound 'Angry.' See L. and S.s. v. ἄγριος, II. 4.

174. mvp-comment-119-1 ἀλύει . . ἱσταμένῳ] And is distracted at each need, as it arises.' τῳ, 'Whatever it be,' is better than τῷ, for the article would come awkwardly at the end of the line.

176. mvp-comment-120-1 ὦ παλάμαι θνητῶν] 'O strange devices of men,' that can produce such misery. Hermann and others have defended the long syllable here. But Lachmann's conjecture, θεῶν, has been widely accepted. Cp. Pind. Ol. 11. 21, θεοῦ σὺν παλάμᾳ : Pyth. 1. 48, εὑρίσκοντο θεῶν παλάμαις τιμάν: Nem. 10. 65, καὶ πάθον δεινὸν παλάμαις Ἀφαρητίδαι Διός. The Scholiast and others interpret ὦ παλάμαι θνητῶν as said in admiration of the power of resource shown by Philoctetes.

178. mvp-comment-121-1 οἷς μὴ μέτριος αἰών] Το whom life is not tolerable.' Cp. Ant. 582, εὐδαίμονες οἷσι κακῶν ἄγευστος αἰών: ib. 584, 5, ἄτας οὐδὲν ἐλλείπει γενεᾶς ἐπὶ πλῆθος ἕρπον. It is assumed that misfortune runs in families. Others take μέτριος αἰών to be the life that is 'seated in the mean,' as if all who rose to distinction must be unfortunate. But the lot of Philoctetes in receiving the bow of Heracles is not alluded to here, and without this such a statement of the doctrine of Νέμεσις would be too crude.

180. mvp-comment-122-1 πρωτογόνων . . ὕστερος] Inferior to no man of noblest family." ἥκων is a curious variant in some MSS. of Suidas. Cp. Aj. 636. ἴσως] 'I imagine.' The Scyriote sailors know of Philoctetes only by report. πρωτογόνων οἴκων is partitive gen. with οὐδενός.

181. mvp-comment-123-1 ἐν βίῳ is joined with κεῖται, as if it were κείται ἐν βίῳ πάντων ἀμμόρῳ.

183. mvp-comment-124-1 μοῦνος ἀπ' ἄλλων] Hom. H. Merc. 193, ὁ δὲ ταῦρος ἐβόσκετο μοῦνος ἀπ᾿ ἄλλων. This line responds in meaning as well as metre to l. 172.

184. mvp-comment-125-1 στικτῶν] As the deer. λασίων] As the wolf and boar.

185. mvp-comment-126-1 ἔν τ᾽ ὀδύναις.. οἰκτρός] 'Pitiable for the hunger and also for the pain in which he lives.' For the addition of ἐν, see Essay on L. § 19, 1. p. 27.

186. mvp-comment-127-1 ἀνήκεστα.. *βάρει] 'Thoughts irremediable in their oppressive weight.' The dative appears to drag a little, but affords the simplest and best emendation of a corrupt place. Others read βάρη.

187. mvp-comment-128-1 ὁ δ᾽ ἀθυρόστομος,] For the article, cp. O. C. 670 2, ἔνθ' | ἁ λίγεια .. ἀηδών. For ἀθυρόστομος, ‘Irrepressible,' cp. ἀθυρόγλωσσος, Eur. Or. 903, and Theogn. 421, πολλοῖς ἀνθρώπων γλώσσῃ θύραι οὐκ ἐπίκεινται | ἁρμόδιαι. Echo is personified, as in Ar. Thesm. 1059.

189. mvp-comment-129-1 τηλεφανής] 'Coming from afar.' Cp. infr. 202, προὐφάνη κτύπος: 216, τηλωπὸν ἰωάν.

189-190. mvp-comment-130-1 πικρᾶς.. ὑπόκειται ὑπὸ κειται ὑπόκειται ὑποκεῖται] ὑπόκειται, if genuine, means, Lies close to,' i. e. Keeps following upon.' Cp. Plat. Gorg. 465 Α, τῇ μὲν οὖν ἰατρικῇ.. ἡ ὀψοποιικὴ κολακεία ὑπόκειται. Brunck conjectured ὑπακούει, ' Answers,' as it were a summons. Hermann, ὕπ᾿ ὀχεῖται. And ἐποχεῖται seems possible, though too uncertain an emendation to be admitted into the text.

192. mvp-comment-131-1 θεῖα is predicative. Ant. 593.

193. mvp-comment-132-1 τὰ παθήματα κεῖνα] 'His troubles in that former time.'

194. mvp-comment-133-1 τῆς ὠμόφρονος Χρύσης] Genitive of the cause. It was the nymph Chrysa, whose shrine was guarded by the serpent who bit Philoctetes. Sophocles conceives of the offence as accidental: infr. 1326, 7.

195-196. mvp-comment-134-1 καὶ νῦν . . μελέτῃ] Sc. πονεῖ. Neoptolemus here shows himself better informed than supr. 112, where Odysseus in his reply does not say more than that the bow of Philoctetes is necessary for the taking of Troy. Cp. also infr. 1326 foll. See Introd. p. 363.

197. mvp-comment-135-1 τοῦ = ἕνεκα τοῦ, explaining μελέτῃ. Cp. Thuc. 1. 23, τὰς αἰτίας προέγραψα πρῶτον καὶ τὰς διαφοράς, τοῦ μή τινα ζητῆσαί ποτε ἐξ ὅτου τοσοῦτος πόλεμος τοῖς Ἕλλησι κατέστη.

197-200. mvp-comment-136-1 Ср. О. C. 1405 foll., and for ὅδε.., supr. 87.

198. mvp-comment-137-1 τὰ θεῶν] “The divine.' Cp. Ant. 607, θεῶν μῆνες, and note. The bow of Heracles, now himself a god, was an instrument of the divine purposes.

201. mvp-comment-138-1 εὔστομ᾽ ἔχε] 'Speak no rash words.' Cp. Hdt. 2. 171, καὶ ταύτης εἰδότι μοι πέρι εὔστομα κείσθω: infr. 258, γελῶσι σῖγ᾽ ἔχοντες. For the metre of 201, 210, cp. Aj. 905, 951. In the present case the pause is probably in the fourth foot, thus:-

204. mvp-comment-139-1 σύντροφος] 'Habitual.' A cry which tells of misery in the being from whose breast it issues.

206. mvp-comment-140-1 ἐτύμα] «Unmistakable.' Expanded in οὐδὲ με λάθει, infr. 208. The cry when repeated leaves no doubt as to the quarter from whence it comes.

207. mvp-comment-141-1 στίβου κατ᾿ ἀνάγκαν ἕρποντος] 'Moving with extreme difficulty of gait.' A similar adverbial expression is καθ' ὁρμήν, infr. 566: cp. Thuc. 7.57, κατὰ ξυμφορὰν ἐμάχοντο. στίβου κατ᾿ ἀνάγκαν = ἀναγκαίῳ στίβῳ. βαρεῖα is not 'deep,' but rather grievous,' causing painful feelings.

208. mvp-comment-142-1 τηλόθεν] Heard from afar.'

209. mvp-comment-143-1 τρυσάνωρ] 'Of a man in pain;' ἀνδρὸς τρυχομένου. For this unusual force of the compound adjective, see Essay on L. § 23. p. 39, S.

211ff. mvp-comment-144-1 There are echoes of the strophe in the words ἔχε, τέκνον, πταίων, ὑπ᾿ ἀνάγκας, τηλωπὸν ἰωάν, προβοᾷ γάρ.

212. mvp-comment-145-1 ἔξεδρος] Cp. Ar. Av. 275, ἔξεδρον χώραν ἔχων, where the phrase is imitated, according to the Scholiast, from the Tyro of Sophocles.

213. mvp-comment-146-1 ἔχων] Cp. Aj. 320 and note: Il. 18. 495, αὐλοὶ φόρμιγγές τε βοὴν ἔχον.