Sophocles, Philoctetes, Lewis Campbell (Translator), 204

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PHI

Fair daylight following sleep, and ye, dear friends,

Faithful beyond all hope in tending me!

I never could have dreamed that thou, dear youth,

Couldst thus have borne my sufferings and stood near

So full of pity to relieve my pain.
870

Not so the worthy generals of the host;—

This princely patience was not theirs to show.

Only thy noble nature, nobly sprung,

Made light of all the trouble, though oppressed

With fetid odours and unceasing cries.
875

And now, since this my plague would seem to yield

Some pause and brief forgetfulness of pain,

With thine own hand, my son, upraise me here,

And set me on my feet, that, when my strength

After exhaustion shall return again,
880

We may move shoreward and launch forth with speed.

Philoctetes. Sophocles. Lewis Campbell (Translator). London, New York and Toronto. 1906.

Current edition Experimental

English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (2)

Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 204 focus

βάλλει βάλλει μ᾽ ἐτύμα ἑτοίμα ἐτύμα

Greek (F. Storr, 1912) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. Storr, 1912)) — 219-390 focus

Φιλοκτήτης

ἰὼ ξένοι,

τίνες ποτʼ ἐς γῆν τήνδε κἀκ ποίας πάτρας
220

κατέσχετʼ οὔτʼ εὔορμον οὔτʼ οἰκουμένην;

ποίας ἂν ὑμᾶς πατρίδος ἢ γένους ποτὲ

τύχοιμʼ ἂν εἰπών; σχῆμα μὲν γὰρ Ἑλλάδος

στολῆς ὑπάρχει προσφιλεστάτης ἐμοί·

φωνῆς δʼ ἀκοῦσαι βούλομαι· καὶ μή μʼ ὄκνῳ
225

δείσαντες ἐκπλαγῆτʼ ἀπηγριωμένον,

ἀλλʼ οἰκτίσαντες ἄνδρα δύστηνον, μόνον,

ἔρημον ὧδε κἄφιλον κακούμενον,

φωνήσατʼ, εἴπερ ὡς φίλοι προσήκετε.

ἀλλʼ ἀνταμείψασθʼ· οὐ γὰρ εἰκὸς οὔτʼ ἐμὲ
230

ὑμῶν ἁμαρτεῖν τοῦτό γʼ οὔθʼ ὑμᾶς ἐμοῦ.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἀλλʼ, ὦ ξένʼ, ἴσθι τοῦτο πρῶτον, οὕνεκα

Ἕλληνές ἐσμεν· τοῦτο γὰρ βούλει μαθεῖν.

Φιλοκτήτης

ὦ φίλτατον φώνημα· φεῦ τὸ καὶ λαβεῖν

πρόσφθεγμα τοιοῦδʼ ἀνδρὸς ἐν χρόνῳ μακρῷ.
235

τίς σʼ, ὦ τέκνον, προσέσχε, τίς προσήγαγεν

χρεία; τίς ὁρμή; τίς ἀνέμων ὁ φίλτατος;

γέγωνέ μοι πᾶν τοῦθʼ, ὅπως εἰδῶ τίς εἶ.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἐγὼ γένος μέν εἰμι τῆς περιρρύτου

Σκύρου· πλέω δʼ ἐς οἶκον· αὐδῶμαι δὲ παῖς
240

Ἀχιλλέως, Νεοπτόλεμος. οἶσθα δὴ τὸ πᾶν.

Φιλοκτήτης

ὦ φιλτάτου παῖ πατρός, ὦ φίλης χθονός,

ὦ τοῦ γέροντος θρέμμα Λυκομήδους, τίνι

στόλῳ προσέσχες τήνδε γῆν πόθεν πλέων;

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἐξ Ἰλίου τοι δὴ τανῦν γε ναυστολῶ.
245

Φιλοκτήτης

πῶς εἶπας; οὐ γὰρ δὴ σύ γʼ ἦσθα ναυβάτης

ἡμῖν κατʼ ἀρχὴν τοῦ πρὸς Ἴλιον στόλου.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἦ γὰρ μετέσχες καὶ σὺ τοῦδε τοῦ πόνου;

Φιλοκτήτης

ὦ τέκνον, οὐ γὰρ οἶσθά μʼ ὅντινʼ εἰσορᾷς;

Νεοπτόλεμος

πῶς γὰρ κάτοιδʼ ὅν γʼ εἶδον οὐδεπώποτε;
250

Φιλοκτήτης

οὐδʼ ὄνομʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ τῶν ἐμῶν κακῶν κλέος

ᾔσθου ποτʼ οὐδέν, οἷς ἐγὼ διωλλύμην;

Νεοπτόλεμος

ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότʼ ἴσθι μʼ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς.

254

Φιλοκτήτης

ὦ πόλλʼ ἐγὼ μοχθηρός, ὦ πικρὸς θεοῖς,

οὗ μηδὲ κληδὼν ὧδʼ ἔχοντος οἴκαδε
255

μηδʼ Ἑλλάδος γῆς μηδαμοῦ διῆλθέ που.

ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν ἐκβαλόντες ἀνοσίως ἐμὲ

γελῶσι σῖγʼ ἔχοντες, ἡ δʼ ἐμὴ νόσος

ἀεὶ τέθηλε κἀπὶ μεῖζον ἔρχεται.

ὦ τέκνον, ὦ παῖ πατρὸς ἐξ Ἀχιλλέως,
260

ὅδʼ εἴμʼ ἐγώ σοι κεῖνος, ὃν κλύεις ἴσως

τῶν Ἡρακλείων ὄντα δεσπότην ὅπλων,

ὁ τοῦ Ποίαντος παῖς Φιλοκτήτης, ὃν οἱ

δισσοὶ στρατηγοὶ χὠ Κεφαλλήνων ἄναξ

ἔρριψαν αἰσχρῶς ὧδʼ ἔρημον, ἀγρίᾳ
265

νόσῳ καταφθίνοντα, τῆς ἀνδροφθόρου

πληγέντʼ ἐχίδνης ἀγρίῳ χαράγματι·

ξὺν ᾗ μʼ ἐκεῖνοι, παῖ, προθέντες ἐνθάδε

ᾤχοντʼ ἔρημον, ἡνίκʼ ἐκ τῆς ποντίας

Χρύσης κατέσχον δεῦρο ναυβάτῃ στόλῳ.
270

τότʼ ἄσμενοί μʼ ὡς εἶδον ἐκ πολλοῦ σάλου

εὕδοντʼ ἐπʼ ἀκτῆς ἐν κατηρεφεῖ πέτρᾳ,

λιπόντες ᾤχονθʼ, οἷα φωτὶ δυσμόρῳ

ῥάκη προθέντες βαιὰ καί τι καὶ βορᾶς

ἐπωφέλημα σμικρόν, οἷʼ αὐτοῖς τύχοι.
275

σὺ δή, τέκνον, ποίαν μʼ ἀνάστασιν δοκεῖς

αὐτῶν βεβώτων ἐξ ὕπνου στῆναι τότε;

ποῖʼ ἐκδακρῦσαι, ποῖʼ ἀποιμῶξαι κακά;

ὁρῶντα μὲν ναῦς, ἃς ἔχων ἐναυστόλουν,

πάσας βεβώσας, ἄνδρα δʼ οὐδένʼ ἔντοπον,
280

οὐχ ὅστις ἀρκέσειεν οὐδʼ ὅστις νόσου

κάμνοντι συλλάβοιτο· πάντα δὲ σκοπῶν

ηὕρισκον οὐδὲν πλὴν ἀνιᾶσθαι παρόν,

τούτου δὲ πολλὴν εὐμάρειαν, ὦ τέκνον.

285

Φιλοκτήτης

ὁ μὲν χρόνος δὴ διὰ χρόνου προύβαινέ μοι,
285

κἄδει τι βαιᾷ τῇδʼ ὑπὸ στέγῃ μόνον

διακονεῖσθαι. γαστρὶ μὲν τὰ σύμφορα

τόξον τόδʼ ἐξηύρισκε, τὰς ὑποπτέρους

βάλλον πελείας· πρὸς δὲ τοῦθʼ, ὅ μοι βάλοι

νευροσπαδὴς ἄτρακτος, αὐτὸς ἂν τάλας
290

εἰλυόμην, δύστηνον ἐξέλκων πόδα,

πρὸς τοῦτʼ ἄν· εἴ τʼ ἔδει τι καὶ ποτὸν λαβεῖν,

καί που πάγου χυθέντος, οἷα χείματι,

ξύλον τι θραῦσαι, ταῦτʼ ἂν ἐξέρπων τάλας

ἐμηχανώμην· εἶτα πῦρ ἂν οὐ παρῆν,
295

ἀλλʼ ἐν πέτροισι πέτρον ἐκτρίβων μόλις

ἔφηνʼ ἄφαντον φῶς, ὃ καὶ σῴζει μʼ ἀεί.

οἰκουμένη γὰρ οὖν στέγη πυρὸς μέτα

πάντʼ ἐκπορίζει πλὴν τὸ μὴ νοσεῖν ἐμέ.

φέρʼ, ὦ τέκνον, νῦν καὶ τὸ τῆς νήσου μάθῃς.
300

ταύτῃ πελάζει ναυβάτης οὐδεὶς ἑκών·

οὐ γάρ τις ὅρμος ἔστιν οὐδʼ ὅποι πλέων

ἐξεμπολήσει κέρδος ἢ ξενώσεται.

οὐκ ἐνθάδʼ οἱ πλοῖ τοῖσι σώφροσιν βροτῶν.

τάχʼ οὖν τις ἄκων ἔσχε· πολλὰ γὰρ τάδε
305

ἐν τῷ μακρῷ γένοιτʼ ἂν ἀνθρώπων χρόνῳ·

οὗτοί μʼ, ὅταν μόλωσιν, ὦ τέκνον, λόγοις

ἐλεοῦσι μέν, καί πού τι καὶ βορᾶς μέρος

προσέδοσαν οἰκτίραντες ἤ τινα στολήν·

ἐκεῖνο δʼ οὐδείς, ἡνίκʼ ἂν μνησθῶ, θέλει,
310

σῶσαί μʼ ἐς οἴκους, ἀλλʼ ἀπόλλυμαι τάλας

ἔτος τόδʼ ἤδη δέκατον ἐν λιμῷ τε καὶ

κακοῖσι βόσκων τὴν ἀδηφάγον νόσον.

τοιαῦτʼ Ἀτρεῖδαί μʼ ἥ τʼ Ὀδυσσέως βία,

ὦ παῖ, δεδράκασʼ, οἷʼ Ὀλύμπιοι θεοὶ
315

δοῖέν ποτʼ αὐτοῖς ἀντίποινʼ ἐμοῦ παθεῖν.

317

Χορός

ἔοικα κἀγὼ τοῖς ἀφιγμένοις ἴσα

ξένοις ἐποικτίρειν σε, Ποίαντος τέκνον.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἐγὼ δὲ καὐτὸς τοῖσδε μάρτυς ἐν λόγοις,

ὡς εἴσʼ ἀληθεῖς οἶδα, συντυχὼν κακῶν
320

ἀνδρῶν Ἀτρειδῶν τῆς τʼ Ὀδυσσέως βίας.

Φιλοκτήτης

ἦ γάρ τι καὶ σὺ τοῖς πανωλέθροις ἔχεις

ἔγκλημʼ Ἀτρείδαις, ὥστε θυμοῦσθαι παθών;

Νεοπτόλεμος

θυμὸν γένοιτο χειρὶ πληρῶσαί ποτε,

ἵνʼ αἱ Μυκῆναι γνοῖεν ἡ Σπάρτη θʼ ὅτι
325

χἠ Σκῦρος ἀνδρῶν ἀλκίμων μήτηρ ἔφυ.

Φιλοκτήτης

εὖ γʼ, ὦ τέκνον· τίνος γὰρ ὧδε τὸν μέγαν

χόλον κατʼ αὐτῶν ἐγκαλῶν ἐλήλυθας;

Νεοπτόλεμος

ὦ παῖ Ποίαντος, ἐξερῶ, μόλις δʼ ἐρῶ,

ἅγωγʼ ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἐξελωβήθην μολών.
330

ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἔσχε μοῖρʼ Ἀχιλλέα θανεῖν,

Φιλοκτήτης

οἴμοι· φράσῃς μοι μὴ πέρα, πρὶν ἂν μάθω

πρῶτον τόδʼ, ἦ τέθνηχʼ ὁ Πηλέως γόνος;

Νεοπτόλεμος

τέθνηκεν, ἀνδρὸς οὐδενός, θεοῦ δʼ ὕπο,

τοξευτός, ὡς λέγουσιν, ἐκ Φοίβου δαμείς.
335

Φιλοκτήτης

ἀλλʼ εὐγενὴς μὲν ὁ κτανών τε χὠ θανών·

ἀμηχανῶ δὲ πότερον, ὦ τέκνον, τὸ σὸν

πάθημʼ ἐλέγχω πρῶτον ἢ κεῖνον στένω.

Νεοπτόλεμος

οἶμαι μὲν ἀρκεῖν σοί γε καὶ τὰ σʼ, ὦ τάλας,

ἀλγήμαθʼ, ὥστε μὴ τὰ τῶν πέλας στένειν.
340

Φιλοκτήτης

ὀρθῶς ἔλεξας· τοιγαροῦν τὸ σὸν φράσον

αὖθις πάλιν μοι πρᾶγμʼ, ὅτῳ σʼ ἐνύβρισαν.

343

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἦλθόν με νηὶ ποικιλοστόλῳ μέτα

δῖός τʼ Ὀδυσσεὺς χὠ τροφεὺς τοὐμοῦ πατρός,

λέγοντες, εἴτʼ ἀληθὲς εἴτʼ ἄρʼ οὖν μάτην,
345

ὡς οὐ θέμις γίγνοιτʼ, ἐπεὶ κατέφθιτο

πατὴρ ἐμός, τὰ πέργαμʼ ἄλλον ἤ μʼ ἑλεῖν.

ταῦτʼ, ὦ ξένʼ, οὕτως ἐννέποντες οὐ πολὺν

χρόνον μʼ ἐπέσχον μή με ναυστολεῖν ταχύ,

μάλιστα μὲν δὴ τοῦ θανόντος ἱμέρῳ,
350

ὅπως ἴδοιμʼ ἄθαπτον· οὐ γὰρ εἰδόμην·

ἔπειτα μέντοι χὠ λόγος καλὸς προσῆν,

εἰ τἀπὶ Τροίᾳ πέργαμʼ αἱρήσοιμʼ ἰών.

ἦν δʼ ἦμαρ ἤδη δεύτερον πλέοντί μοι,

κἀγὼ πικρὸν Σίγειον οὐρίῳ πλάτῃ
355

κατηγόμην· καί μʼ εὐθὺς ἐν κύκλῳ στρατὸς

ἐκβάντα πᾶς ἠσπάζετʼ, ὀμνύντες βλέπειν

τὸν οὐκέτʼ ὄντα ζῶντʼ Ἀχιλλέα πάλιν.

κεῖνος μὲν οὖν ἔκειτʼ· ἐγὼ δʼ ὁ δύσμορος

ἐπεὶ ʼδάκρυσα κεῖνον, οὐ μακρῷ χρόνῳ
360

ἐλθὼν Ἀτρείδας πρὸς φίλους, ὡς εἰκὸς ἦν,

τά θʼ ὅπλʼ ἀπῄτουν τοῦ πατρὸς τά τʼ ἄλλʼ ὅσʼ ἦν.

οἱ δʼ εἶπον, οἴμοι, τλημονέστατον λόγον·

ὦ σπέρμʼ Ἀχιλλέως, τἄλλα μὲν πάρεστί σοι

πατρῷʼ ἑλέσθαι, τῶν δʼ ὅπλων κείνων ἀνὴρ
365

ἄλλος κρατύνει νῦν, ὁ Λαέρτου γόνος.

κἀγὼ δακρύσας εὐθὺς ἐξανίσταμαι

ὀργῇ βαρείᾳ, καὶ καταλγήσας λέγω·

ὦ σχέτλιʼ, ἦ ʼτολμήσατʼ ἀντʼ ἐμοῦ τινι

δοῦναι τὰ τεύχη τἀμά, πρὶν μαθεῖν ἐμοῦ;
370

ὁ δʼ εἶπʼ Ὀδυσσεύς, πλησίον γὰρ ὢν κυρεῖ,

ναί, παῖ, δεδώκασʼ ἐνδίκως οὗτοι τάδε·

ἐγὼ γὰρ αὔτʼ ἔσωσα κἀκεῖνον παρών.

κἀγὼ χολωθεὶς εὐθὺς ἤρασσον κακοῖς

τοῖς πᾶσιν, οὐδὲν ἐνδεὲς ποιούμενος,
375

εἰ τἀμὰ κεῖνος ὅπλʼ ἀφαιρήσοιτό με.

ὁ δʼ ἐνθάδʼ ἥκων, καίπερ οὐ δύσοργος ὤν,

δηχθεὶς πρὸς ἁξήκουσεν ὧδʼ ἠμείψατο·

οὐκ ἦσθʼ ἵνʼ ἡμεῖς, ἀλλʼ ἀπῆσθʼ ἵνʼ οὔ σʼ ἔδει·

καὶ ταῦτʼ, ἐπειδὴ καὶ λέγεις θρασυστομῶν,
380

οὐ μήποτʼ ἐς τὴν Σκῦρον ἐκπλεύσῃς ἔχων.

τοιαῦτʼ ἀκούσας κἀξονειδισθεὶς κακὰ

πλέω πρὸς οἴκους, τῶν ἐμῶν τητώμενος

πρὸς τοῦ κακίστου κἀκ κακῶν Ὀδυσσέως.

κοὐκ αἰτιῶμαι κεῖνον ὡς τοὺς ἐν τέλει·
385

πόλις γάρ ἐστι πᾶσα τῶν ἡγουμένων

στρατός τε σύμπας· οἱ δʼ ἀκοσμοῦντες βροτῶν

διδασκάλων λόγοισι γίγνονται κακοί.

λόγος λέλεκται πᾶς· ὁ δʼ Ἀτρείδας στυγῶν

ἐμοί θʼ ὁμοίως καὶ θεοῖς εἴη φίλος.
390

Translations (4)

German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 201 focus

Schweige still, mein Sohn!

Neoptolemos.

Was ist's?

Der Chor.

Hell scholl ein Laut,

Der schmerzvollem Gestöhn menschlicher Brust glich,

War's von dorther oder von da.

Mir tönt deutlich an's Ohr Geräusch
200

Eines Mannes, der sich daher

Mühsam schleppt, ich erkenne klar

Eine tiefe Stimme der Dual;

Fernhin hallt laut und vernehmlich Wehklagen.

English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 204 focus

Philoctetes

I understand thee not ;

AVhat means my son?

English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Robert Potter, 1788)) — 204 focus

Neoptolemus

Resolve to act!
895

English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904)) — 219-390 focus

Enter Philoctetes, on the spectators’ right.

Philoctetes

O strangers!

Who can you be, and from what country, that you have put into this harborless and desolate land? What would I rightly say is your city or your ancestry? The fashion of your equipment is Greek, and most welcome to my
220

sight; but it would please me to hear your voices. And do not shrink from me in fear, or be frightened by my savage looks. No, pity one so wretched and so lonely, a castaway, so friendless and so miserable. Speak to me, if indeed you have come as friends.
225

Oh, answer! It is not right that I be disappointed by you in this request, at least, nor you by me.
230

Neoptolemus

Well, know first, stranger, that we are Greeks, since you desire to learn this.

Philoctetes

O cherished sound! Ah, that I should truly be

greeted by such a man, after so long a time! What need, young man, has made you land here and brought you to this spot? What business? What wind so kind? Speak, tell me all, so that I may know who you are.
235

Neoptolemus

My birthplace is the island Scyros, and I am sailing

homeward. I am the son of Achilles, by name Neoptolemus. Now you know everything.
240

Philoctetes

O son of a father I loved, and of soil I cherished! Ward of aged Lycomedes, on what mission have you touched this shore? From where are you sailing?

Neoptolemus

Well, since you ask, it is from Ilium that I am now guiding my ship.
245

Philoctetes

What? You were certainly not our shipmate at the beginning of the expedition there.

Neoptolemus

And did you have a part in that toil?

Philoctetes

Then you do not know who I am?

Neoptolemus

How should I know one whom I have never seen before?
250

Philoctetes

Then you have not even heard my name, or any rumor of those sufferings under which I have been perishing?

Neoptolemus

Be sure that I know nothing of what you ask.

254

Philoctetes

How cursed I must be, how abhorred by the gods,

if not a word of my miserable condition has reached my homeland, or any Greek land at all! Instead those men, who against the gods’ laws cast me away, keep their secret and laugh, while my plague has ever flourished and grows worse!
255

O my son, boy whose father was Achilles, here I am before you, the man of whom you have perhaps heard as lord of the bow of Heracles, Philoctetes the son of Poeas. I am he whom the two marshalls and the Cephallenian king
260

shamelessly hurled to this solitude which you see, when I was wasting with a fierce disease, stricken by the savage bite of the murderous serpent. With that plague for my sole companion, boy, those men put me out
265

here alone and left, after they landed here with their fleet from sea-washed Chryse . Delighted they were then, when they saw me asleep after much tossing on the waves, in the shelter of a cave upon the shore, and they abandoned me, first setting out a few rags, as though for an unfortunate beggar, and a bit of food, too—
270

a small work of charity. But may they get what they gave me! Can you imagine, boy, what kind of awakening I had when they had gone, and I rose from sleep that day?—what stinging tears I wept, and what miseries I bewailed when I saw that the ships with which I had sailed
275

were all gone, and that there was no man in the place, not one to help me, not one to ease the sickness that afflicted me, when looking all around me, I could find nothing at hand, save agony—but of that a ready store?
280

285

So time passed for me, season by season, and alone in this narrow house, I had to attend to all my wants by my own resources. For my stomach’s needs this bow provided, bringing down doves on the wing. And whatever my string-sped arrow might strike,
285

in pain I would crawl to it myself, dragging my wretched foot behind me. Or, again, if water had to be fetched, or, if when the frost had spread, as often happens in winter, a bit of firewood had to be broken, I would creep out in pain and
290

manage it. Then fire would be lacking; but by rubbing stone hard on stone I would at last reveal the hidden spark which preserves me from day to day. Indeed, a roof over my head and a fire inside provides all that I want—except release from my disease.
295

Come now, son, you must understand what sort of island this is. No mariner approaches it by choice, since there is no anchorage or port where he can find a gainful market or a kindly host. This is not a place to which prudent men voyage. But suppose that some one has put in against his will, for such things may often
300

happen in the long course of a man’s life. These visitors, then, when they come, son, have compassionate words for me, and, perhaps moved by pity, they give me a little food or some clothing.
305

But there is one thing that no one will do, whenever I mention it: take me home in safety. No, this is already the tenth year that I am wasted by misery from hunger and suffering, by feeding this gluttonous plague. This is what the Atreids and the forceful Odysseus have done to me, boy.
310

May the gods on Olympus someday give them agonies as strong in requital for mine!
315

317

Chorus

I believe that I, too, pity you, son of Poeas, as much as your former visitors.

Neoptolemus

And I myself attest your accusations,

for I know their truth through my own experience with the wickedness of the Atreids and the force of Odysseus.
320

Philoctetes

What, do you also have a grievance against the accursed sons of Atreus, a cause for anger at some mistreatment?

Neoptolemus

If only I might one day be allowed to fulfill my heart’s rage by the deeds of my hand,

so that Mycenae might learn, and Sparta , that Scyros also is a mother of brave men!
325

Philoctetes

Well said, son! Now what is the reason that you have come complaining against them with this fierce wrath?

Neoptolemus

I will tell you—and yet it is hard to tell—

the outrage that I suffered from them upon my arrival there. For when fate decreed that Achilles should die—
330

Philoctetes

Ah, me! Tell me no more, until I first know this—is the son of Peleus dead?

Neoptolemus

Dead—not by a mortal hand, but by a god’s.

He was brought down, as men say, by the arrow of Phoebus.
335

Philoctetes

Well, noble alike are the slayer and the slain. But I am at a loss to know, son, whether I should first inquire into the wrong done you, or mourn the dead.

Neoptolemus

Your own sorrows, I think, are enough

for you, unhappy man, without mourning for those of your neighbor.
340

Philoctetes

You speak the truth. Therefore tell me again what happened to you, and how they wronged you.

343

Neoptolemus

They came for me in a ship elaborately ornamented, shining Odysseus, and he who fostered my father,

and said—whether truly or falsely, I do not know—that since my father had perished, fate now forbade that anyone but I should take the towers of Troy .
Saying that this, my friend, was how things stood, they caused me no long delay before I set sail in haste,
345

chiefly because of my yearning for the dead, that I might look upon him before burial, since I had never seen him. Then, besides, theirs was a fine promise, if by accompanying them I might sack the towers of Troy .
It was now the second day of my voyage
350

when, sped by breeze and oar, I approached bitter Sigeum. When I landed, straightaway the entire army thronged around me with greetings, vowing that they saw their lost Achilles once more alive.
He, though, lay ready for burial, and I, unhappy,
355

when I had wept for him, went before long to the Atreids, to friends, as it was reasonable to suppose,—and claimed my father’s arms and all else that had been his. O, their reply was bold and shameless! Seed of Achilles, you may take all else that was your father’s. But of those arms another man now is lord, the son of Laertes .
360

The tears came quick to my eyes as I sprang up in passionate anger and said in my bitterness, Madman! Have you dared give my arms to another man in my place, without asking me? But Odysseus—for he chanced to be at hand—said, Yes, boy, they awarded them as was just, since it was I who saved the arms and their master by my presence at the crucial moment. Then immediately, in my fury, I began to lash at him with every kind of insult

and left not one unsaid, if he was indeed to rob me of my arms. At this point, stung by the abuse, though not given to anger, he answered,— You have not gone to where we have; instead you have been absent from where you were needed. And since your tongue is so arrogant, you will never sail back to Scyros with those arms in your possession. In that way rebuked, in that way insulted, I sail for home, deprived of what is my own by that worst offspring of a wicked line, Odysseus.
375

And yet I do not blame him as much as I do those in power. For a city hangs wholly on its leaders, and so does an army, but when men shatter law and order, it is the lessons of their teachers that corrupt them. My tale is told in full. May he who hates the Atreids
385

be as dear to the gods as he is to me!
390

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-473-1 ὦ φέγγος ¹ τό τ’ ²

mvp-comment-473-2 ἐλπίδων ἄπιστον ³ οἰκούρημα ⁴

mvp-comment-474-1 τοῦτ’ ⁵ ἐξηύχης’ ⁶ τλῆναι ⁷ ἂν ⁸ τλῆναι ⁹ ἐξηύχης’ ¹⁰

mvp-comment-474-2 μεῖναι ¹¹ τἀμὰ πήματα ¹²

mvp-comment-474-3 ξυνωφελοῦντά μοι ¹³

mvp-comment-475-1 οὔκουν ¹⁴

mvp-comment-475-2 εὐφόρως ¹⁵ εὐπόρως ¹⁶

mvp-comment-476-1 κἀξ εὐγενῶν ¹⁷ ἐν εὐχερεῖ ἔθου ¹⁸

mvp-comment-476-2 γέμων ¹⁹

mvp-comment-477-1 λήθη ²⁰

mvp-comment-477-2 δή ²¹

mvp-comment-478-1 σύ μ’ αὐτὸς … ποτέ ²² κόπος ²³ ού μ’ αὐτὸς ἆρον, σύ με κατάστησον ²⁴

mvp-comment-478-2 νῦν δ’ αἶρε σαυτόν ²⁵ ἵν’, ἡνίκ’ ἂν κόπος μ’ ἀπαλλάξῃ ποτέ ²⁶

mvp-comment-478-3 ZippmannA. , whom Nauck and Cavallin follow in their texts, deletes both v. 880 and v. 889 as spurious, and transposes 879 to a place between 888 and 890. His two main objections to the traditional text are:—Why should Ph. , formerly so eager to start, now wish to wait till his

κόπος

has passed off? (880). And why should he desire to rise before that moment, instead of resting on the ground? The view of the whole situation which I have given above will show why I believe the traditional text to be sound.

mvp-comment-479-1 ἐπίσχωμεν ²⁷ τὸ πλεῖν ²⁸

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

867-871. mvp-comment-609-1 Just when the plot against his peace is being urged most vehemently, Philoctetes awakes, and pours out touching words of unsuspecting thankfulness for the patient care, of which he little knows the motive. He throws himself afresh on Neoptolemus, and will have no support but his.

867-868. mvp-comment-610-1 ὦ φέγγος.. ξένων] 'Light after sleep, how welcome! And how surpassing fondest hope, the patient tendance of these friends!" For the construction of φέγγος and οἰκούρημα, cp. Trach. 1046, 7, ὦ πολλὰ . . μοχθήσας ἐγώ. διάδοχον] 'Succeeding, taking the place of (in my experience). ἐλπίδων ἄπιστον] 'Beyond the belief of expectation,' i.e. which I could not have believed beforehand. οἰκούρημα] More concrete than οἰκουρία = 'Act of keeping watch.' οἰκουρεῖν is, ‘Το keep watch over a person's property and interests in his absence.' So Neoptolemus has guarded the bow and the person of Philoctetes during his prostration, from the thievish attempt which he most feared.

869. mvp-comment-611-1 οὐκ ἂν ἐξηύχησα] 'I could not once have vaunted.' The aorist implies 'for a single moment,' and is thus more forcible here than the imperfect would have been.

871. mvp-comment-612-1 μεῖναι has been unreasonably suspected. Cavallin conjectures ἰδεῖν.

872. mvp-comment-613-1 οὔκουν ᾿Ατρείδαι] 'It was not the Atreidae, who-.' οὖν marks the reasonableness of Philoctetes' doubt, which was in accordance with the conduct of the Atreidae. *εὐφόρως] This seems the simplest correction of εὐπόρως. See Essay on L. § 55. p. 101. Others prefer εὐπετῶς, comparing Fr. 523, χρεὼν | τὰ θειᾶ θνητοὺς ὄντας εὐπετῶς φέρειν. Οr, εὐλόφως. Paley retains εὐπόρως.

874. mvp-comment-614-1 κἀξ εὐγενῶν] The frequent allusions to his father have a constraining power over the heart of Neoptolemus.

875. mvp-comment-615-1 ἐν εὐχερεῖ ἔθου] ‘Took as a light burden.'

876. mvp-comment-616-1 βοῆς] This reference of Philoctetes to his own cries makes us feel how involuntary they were. He knew them as an inseparable accompaniment of his presence anywhere.

877. mvp-comment-617-1 καὶ νῦν] Cp. O. T. 52, 3, ὄρνιθι γὰρ καὶ τὴν τότ᾽ αἰσίῳ τύχην | παρέσχες ἡμῖν, καὶ τανῦν ἴσος γενοῦ.

879. mvp-comment-618-1 Nauck, following A. Zippmann, transposes this line to before 890 and rejects 880 and 889. The apparent coldness of Neoptolemus, who in 886 ignores this appeal of Philoctetes to him, may, however, be accounted for by supposing that his consciousness of acting a part makes him less forward with the show of sympathy, now that his emotions are really stirred.

880. mvp-comment-619-1 Philoctetes is not yet confident that his powers are fully returned. The habit of lying perdu after each attack makes him less prompt to move. But he feels that he must be ready to start as soon as he can. (But qy. ἡ. ἀ. τὸ πνεῦμ᾽ ἀπ. ποτέ? Cp. supr. 639, 40.)

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Νεοπτόλεμος ἀλλʼ, ὦ ξένʼ, ἴσθι τοῦτο πρῶτον, οὕνεκα Ἕλληνές ἐσμεν· τοῦτο γὰρ βούλει μαθεῖν.

Νεοπτόλεμος ἐγὼ γένος μέν εἰμι τῆς περιρρύτου Σκύρου· πλέω δʼ ἐς οἶκον· αὐδῶμαι δὲ παῖς 240 Ἀχιλλέως, Νεοπτόλεμος. οἶσθα δὴ τὸ πᾶν.

Φιλοκτήτης ὦ φιλτάτου παῖ πατρός, ὦ φίλης χθονός, ὦ τοῦ γέροντος θρέμμα Λυκομήδους, τίνι στόλῳ προσέσχες τήνδε γῆν πόθεν πλέων;

Νεοπτόλεμος ἐξ Ἰλίου τοι δὴ τανῦν γε ναυστολῶ. 245

Φιλοκτήτης πῶς εἶπας; οὐ γὰρ δὴ σύ γʼ ἦσθα ναυβάτης ἡμῖν κατʼ ἀρχὴν τοῦ πρὸς Ἴλιον στόλου.

Νεοπτόλεμος ἦ γὰρ μετέσχες καὶ σὺ τοῦδε τοῦ πόνου;

Φιλοκτήτης ὦ τέκνον, οὐ γὰρ οἶσθά μʼ ὅντινʼ εἰσορᾷς;

Νεοπτόλεμος πῶς γὰρ κάτοιδʼ ὅν γʼ εἶδον οὐδεπώποτε; 250

Φιλοκτήτης οὐδʼ ὄνομʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ τῶν ἐμῶν κακῶν κλέος ᾔσθου ποτʼ οὐδέν, οἷς ἐγὼ διωλλύμην;

Νεοπτόλεμος ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότʼ ἴσθι μʼ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς.

Χορός ἔοικα κἀγὼ τοῖς ἀφιγμένοις ἴσα ξένοις ἐποικτίρειν σε, Ποίαντος τέκνον.

Νεοπτόλεμος ἐγὼ δὲ καὐτὸς τοῖσδε μάρτυς ἐν λόγοις, ὡς εἴσʼ ἀληθεῖς οἶδα, συντυχὼν κακῶν 320 ἀνδρῶν Ἀτρειδῶν τῆς τʼ Ὀδυσσέως βίας.

Φιλοκτήτης ἦ γάρ τι καὶ σὺ τοῖς πανωλέθροις ἔχεις ἔγκλημʼ Ἀτρείδαις, ὥστε θυμοῦσθαι παθών;

Νεοπτόλεμος θυμὸν γένοιτο χειρὶ πληρῶσαί ποτε, ἵνʼ αἱ Μυκῆναι γνοῖεν ἡ Σπάρτη θʼ ὅτι 325 χἠ Σκῦρος ἀνδρῶν ἀλκίμων μήτηρ ἔφυ.

Φιλοκτήτης εὖ γʼ, ὦ τέκνον· τίνος γὰρ ὧδε τὸν μέγαν χόλον κατʼ αὐτῶν ἐγκαλῶν ἐλήλυθας;

Νεοπτόλεμος ὦ παῖ Ποίαντος, ἐξερῶ, μόλις δʼ ἐρῶ, ἅγωγʼ ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἐξελωβήθην μολών. 330 ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἔσχε μοῖρʼ Ἀχιλλέα θανεῖν,

Φιλοκτήτης οἴμοι· φράσῃς μοι μὴ πέρα, πρὶν ἂν μάθω πρῶτον τόδʼ, ἦ τέθνηχʼ ὁ Πηλέως γόνος;

Νεοπτόλεμος τέθνηκεν, ἀνδρὸς οὐδενός, θεοῦ δʼ ὕπο, τοξευτός, ὡς λέγουσιν, ἐκ Φοίβου δαμείς. 335

Φιλοκτήτης ἀλλʼ εὐγενὴς μὲν ὁ κτανών τε χὠ θανών· ἀμηχανῶ δὲ πότερον, ὦ τέκνον, τὸ σὸν πάθημʼ ἐλέγχω πρῶτον ἢ κεῖνον στένω.

Νεοπτόλεμος οἶμαι μὲν ἀρκεῖν σοί γε καὶ τὰ σʼ, ὦ τάλας, ἀλγήμαθʼ, ὥστε μὴ τὰ τῶν πέλας στένειν. 340

Φιλοκτήτης ὀρθῶς ἔλεξας· τοιγαροῦν τὸ σὸν φράσον αὖθις πάλιν μοι πρᾶγμʼ, ὅτῳ σʼ ἐνύβρισαν.

Schweige still, mein Sohn!

Neoptolemos. Was ist's?

Der Chor. Hell scholl ein Laut, Der schmerzvollem Gestöhn menschlicher Brust glich, War's von dorther oder von da. Mir tönt deutlich an's Ohr Geräusch 200 Eines Mannes, der sich daher Mühsam schleppt, ich erkenne klar Eine tiefe Stimme der Dual; Fernhin hallt laut und vernehmlich Wehklagen.

Philoctetes I understand thee not ; AVhat means my son?

Neoptolemus Resolve to act! 895

Neoptolemus Well, know first, stranger, that we are Greeks, since you desire to learn this.

Philoctetes O cherished sound! Ah, that I should truly be greeted by such a man, after so long a time! What need, young man, has made you land here and brought you to this spot? What business? What wind so kind? Speak, tell me all, so that I may know who you are. 235

Neoptolemus My birthplace is the island Scyros, and I am sailing homeward. I am the son of Achilles, by name Neoptolemus. Now you know everything. 240

Philoctetes O son of a father I loved, and of soil I cherished! Ward of aged Lycomedes, on what mission have you touched this shore? From where are you sailing?

Neoptolemus Well, since you ask, it is from Ilium that I am now guiding my ship. 245

Philoctetes What? You were certainly not our shipmate at the beginning of the expedition there.

Neoptolemus And did you have a part in that toil?

Philoctetes Then you do not know who I am?

Neoptolemus How should I know one whom I have never seen before? 250

Philoctetes Then you have not even heard my name, or any rumor of those sufferings under which I have been perishing?

Neoptolemus Be sure that I know nothing of what you ask.

Chorus I believe that I, too, pity you, son of Poeas, as much as your former visitors.

Neoptolemus And I myself attest your accusations, for I know their truth through my own experience with the wickedness of the Atreids and the force of Odysseus. 320

Philoctetes What, do you also have a grievance against the accursed sons of Atreus, a cause for anger at some mistreatment?

Neoptolemus If only I might one day be allowed to fulfill my heart’s rage by the deeds of my hand, so that Mycenae might learn, and Sparta , that Scyros also is a mother of brave men! 325

Philoctetes Well said, son! Now what is the reason that you have come complaining against them with this fierce wrath?

Neoptolemus I will tell you—and yet it is hard to tell— the outrage that I suffered from them upon my arrival there. For when fate decreed that Achilles should die— 330

Philoctetes Ah, me! Tell me no more, until I first know this—is the son of Peleus dead?

Neoptolemus Dead—not by a mortal hand, but by a god’s. He was brought down, as men say, by the arrow of Phoebus. 335

Philoctetes Well, noble alike are the slayer and the slain. But I am at a loss to know, son, whether I should first inquire into the wrong done you, or mourn the dead.

Neoptolemus Your own sorrows, I think, are enough for you, unhappy man, without mourning for those of your neighbor. 340

Philoctetes You speak the truth. Therefore tell me again what happened to you, and how they wronged you.

Commentary

Stable identifiers

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἀλλʼ, ὦ ξένʼ, ἴσθι τοῦτο πρῶτον, οὕνεκα

Ἕλληνές ἐσμεν· τοῦτο γὰρ βούλει μαθεῖν.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἐγὼ γένος μέν εἰμι τῆς περιρρύτου

Σκύρου· πλέω δʼ ἐς οἶκον· αὐδῶμαι δὲ παῖς
240

Ἀχιλλέως, Νεοπτόλεμος. οἶσθα δὴ τὸ πᾶν.

Φιλοκτήτης

ὦ φιλτάτου παῖ πατρός, ὦ φίλης χθονός,

ὦ τοῦ γέροντος θρέμμα Λυκομήδους, τίνι

στόλῳ προσέσχες τήνδε γῆν πόθεν πλέων;

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἐξ Ἰλίου τοι δὴ τανῦν γε ναυστολῶ.
245

Φιλοκτήτης

πῶς εἶπας; οὐ γὰρ δὴ σύ γʼ ἦσθα ναυβάτης

ἡμῖν κατʼ ἀρχὴν τοῦ πρὸς Ἴλιον στόλου.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἦ γὰρ μετέσχες καὶ σὺ τοῦδε τοῦ πόνου;

Φιλοκτήτης

ὦ τέκνον, οὐ γὰρ οἶσθά μʼ ὅντινʼ εἰσορᾷς;

Νεοπτόλεμος

πῶς γὰρ κάτοιδʼ ὅν γʼ εἶδον οὐδεπώποτε;
250

Φιλοκτήτης

οὐδʼ ὄνομʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ τῶν ἐμῶν κακῶν κλέος

ᾔσθου ποτʼ οὐδέν, οἷς ἐγὼ διωλλύμην;

Νεοπτόλεμος

ὡς μηδὲν εἰδότʼ ἴσθι μʼ ὧν ἀνιστορεῖς.

Χορός

ἔοικα κἀγὼ τοῖς ἀφιγμένοις ἴσα

ξένοις ἐποικτίρειν σε, Ποίαντος τέκνον.

Νεοπτόλεμος

ἐγὼ δὲ καὐτὸς τοῖσδε μάρτυς ἐν λόγοις,

ὡς εἴσʼ ἀληθεῖς οἶδα, συντυχὼν κακῶν
320

ἀνδρῶν Ἀτρειδῶν τῆς τʼ Ὀδυσσέως βίας.

Φιλοκτήτης

ἦ γάρ τι καὶ σὺ τοῖς πανωλέθροις ἔχεις

ἔγκλημʼ Ἀτρείδαις, ὥστε θυμοῦσθαι παθών;

Νεοπτόλεμος

θυμὸν γένοιτο χειρὶ πληρῶσαί ποτε,

ἵνʼ αἱ Μυκῆναι γνοῖεν ἡ Σπάρτη θʼ ὅτι
325

χἠ Σκῦρος ἀνδρῶν ἀλκίμων μήτηρ ἔφυ.

Φιλοκτήτης

εὖ γʼ, ὦ τέκνον· τίνος γὰρ ὧδε τὸν μέγαν

χόλον κατʼ αὐτῶν ἐγκαλῶν ἐλήλυθας;

Νεοπτόλεμος

ὦ παῖ Ποίαντος, ἐξερῶ, μόλις δʼ ἐρῶ,

ἅγωγʼ ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἐξελωβήθην μολών.
330

ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἔσχε μοῖρʼ Ἀχιλλέα θανεῖν,

Φιλοκτήτης

οἴμοι· φράσῃς μοι μὴ πέρα, πρὶν ἂν μάθω

πρῶτον τόδʼ, ἦ τέθνηχʼ ὁ Πηλέως γόνος;

Νεοπτόλεμος

τέθνηκεν, ἀνδρὸς οὐδενός, θεοῦ δʼ ὕπο,

τοξευτός, ὡς λέγουσιν, ἐκ Φοίβου δαμείς.
335

Φιλοκτήτης

ἀλλʼ εὐγενὴς μὲν ὁ κτανών τε χὠ θανών·

ἀμηχανῶ δὲ πότερον, ὦ τέκνον, τὸ σὸν

πάθημʼ ἐλέγχω πρῶτον ἢ κεῖνον στένω.

Νεοπτόλεμος

οἶμαι μὲν ἀρκεῖν σοί γε καὶ τὰ σʼ, ὦ τάλας,

ἀλγήμαθʼ, ὥστε μὴ τὰ τῶν πέλας στένειν.
340

Φιλοκτήτης

ὀρθῶς ἔλεξας· τοιγαροῦν τὸ σὸν φράσον

αὖθις πάλιν μοι πρᾶγμʼ, ὅτῳ σʼ ἐνύβρισαν.

Neoptolemos.

Was ist's?

Philoctetes

I understand thee not ;

AVhat means my son?

Neoptolemus

Resolve to act!
895

Neoptolemus

Well, know first, stranger, that we are Greeks, since you desire to learn this.

Philoctetes

O cherished sound! Ah, that I should truly be

greeted by such a man, after so long a time! What need, young man, has made you land here and brought you to this spot? What business? What wind so kind? Speak, tell me all, so that I may know who you are.
235

Neoptolemus

My birthplace is the island Scyros, and I am sailing

homeward. I am the son of Achilles, by name Neoptolemus. Now you know everything.
240

Philoctetes

O son of a father I loved, and of soil I cherished! Ward of aged Lycomedes, on what mission have you touched this shore? From where are you sailing?

Neoptolemus

Well, since you ask, it is from Ilium that I am now guiding my ship.
245

Philoctetes

What? You were certainly not our shipmate at the beginning of the expedition there.

Neoptolemus

And did you have a part in that toil?

Philoctetes

Then you do not know who I am?

Neoptolemus

How should I know one whom I have never seen before?
250

Philoctetes

Then you have not even heard my name, or any rumor of those sufferings under which I have been perishing?

Neoptolemus

Be sure that I know nothing of what you ask.

Chorus

I believe that I, too, pity you, son of Poeas, as much as your former visitors.

Neoptolemus

And I myself attest your accusations,

for I know their truth through my own experience with the wickedness of the Atreids and the force of Odysseus.
320

Philoctetes

What, do you also have a grievance against the accursed sons of Atreus, a cause for anger at some mistreatment?

Neoptolemus

If only I might one day be allowed to fulfill my heart’s rage by the deeds of my hand,

so that Mycenae might learn, and Sparta , that Scyros also is a mother of brave men!
325

Philoctetes

Well said, son! Now what is the reason that you have come complaining against them with this fierce wrath?

Neoptolemus

I will tell you—and yet it is hard to tell—

the outrage that I suffered from them upon my arrival there. For when fate decreed that Achilles should die—
330

Philoctetes

Ah, me! Tell me no more, until I first know this—is the son of Peleus dead?

Neoptolemus

Dead—not by a mortal hand, but by a god’s.

He was brought down, as men say, by the arrow of Phoebus.
335

Philoctetes

Well, noble alike are the slayer and the slain. But I am at a loss to know, son, whether I should first inquire into the wrong done you, or mourn the dead.

Neoptolemus

Your own sorrows, I think, are enough

for you, unhappy man, without mourning for those of your neighbor.
340

Philoctetes

You speak the truth. Therefore tell me again what happened to you, and how they wronged you.