Plutarch, Amatorius, ed. Grēgorios N. Vernardakēs, 15

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[15]

ΑΥΤΟΒΟΥΛΟΣ.

καὶ ὁ Δαφναῖος τίς δʼ ἄλλως¹ εἶπεν ὦ πρὸς τῶν θεῶν; οὗτοι νὴ Δίʼ ἔφη πάντες ὁ πατήρ 757f οἱ νομίζοντες ἀρότου καὶ σπόρου² καὶ φυτείας ἐπιμέλειαν θεοῖς προσήκειν. ἢ γὰρ οὐ νύμφαι τινὲς 5 αὐτοῖς δρυάδες εἰσὶν

ἰσοδένδρου τέκμαρ αἰῶνος λαχοῦσαι·

δενδρέων δὲ νομὸν Διόνυσος πολυγαθὴς αὐξάνοι,

ἁγνὸν φέγγος³ ὀπώρας⁴

κατὰ Πίνδαρον μειρακίων δʼ ἄρα καὶ παίδων ἐν 10 ὥρᾳ καὶ ἄνθει πλαττομένων καὶ ῥυθμιζομένων τροφαὶ καὶ αὐξήσεις οὐδενὶ θεῶν ἢ δαιμόνων προσήκουσιν, οὐδʼ ἔστιν ᾧ μέλει⁵ φυόμενον ἄνθρωπον 758a εἰς ἀρετὴν ὀρθὸν ἐλθεῖν καὶ μὴ παρατραπῆναι μηδὲ κλασθῆναι⁶ τὸ γενναῖον ἐρημίᾳ κηδεμόνος ἢ κακίᾳ 15 τῶν προστυγχανόντων; ἢ καὶ τὸ λέγειν ταῦτα δεινόν ἐστι καὶ ἀχάριστον, ἀπολαύοντάς γε⁷ τοῦ θείου τοῦ φιλανθρώπου πανταχόσε νενεμημένου καὶ μηδαμοῦ προλείποντος ἐν χρείαις, ὧν ἀναγκαιότερον ἔνιαι τὸ τέλος ἢ κάλλιον ἔχουσιν; ὥσπερ εὐθὺς ἡ 20 περὶ τὴν γένεσιν ἡμῶν οὐκ εὐπρεπὴς οὖσα διʼ αἵματος καὶ ὠδίνων, ὅμως ἔχει θεῖον⁸ ἐπίσκοπον Εἰλείθυιαν καὶ Λοχείαν· ἦν δέ που μὴ γενέσθαι⁹ κρεῖττον ἢ γενέσθαι κακόν, ἁμαρτάνοντα κηδεμόνος ἀγαθοῦ 758b καὶ φύλακος. οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ νοσοῦντος ἀνθρώπου θεὸς ἀποστατεῖ τὴν περὶ τοῦτο χρείαν καὶ δύναμιν εἰληχώς, ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ἀποθανόντος· ἔστι δέ τις ἐκεῖ 5 κομιστὴρ ἐνθένδε καὶ ἀρωγὸς¹⁰ ἐν¹¹ τέλει¹² γενομένων κατευναστὴς καὶ ψυχοπομπός, ὥσπερ ὁ Ὕπνος¹³,

οὐ γάρ με Νὺξ ἔτικτε δεσπότην λύρας,

οὐ μάντιν οὐδʼ ἰατρόν, ἀλλὰ θνητὸν ἅμα¹⁴

ψυχαῖς.

10 καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα¹⁵ πολλὰς ἔχει δυσχερείας. ἐκείνου δʼ οὐκ ἔστιν εἰπεῖν ἔργον ἱερώτερον οὐδʼ ἅμιλλαν ἑτέραν οὐδʼ ἀγῶνα θεῷ πρέπειν μᾶλλον ἐφορᾶν καὶ βραβεύειν ἢ τὴν περὶ τοὺς καλοὺς καὶ ὡραίους ἐπιμέλειαν τῶν ἐρώντων καὶ δίωξιν· οὐδὲν γάρ ἐστιν 15 758c αἰσχρὸν οὐδʼ ἀναγκαῖον, ἀλλὰ πειθὼ καὶ χάρις ἐνδιδοῦσα πόνον ἡδύν ὡς ἀληθῶς κάματόν τʼ εὐκάματον¹⁶ ὑφηγεῖται πρὸς ἀρετὴν καὶ φιλίαν, οὔτʼ ἄνευ θεοῦ τὸ προσῆκον τέλος λαμβάνουσαν, οὔτʼ ἄλλον ἔχουσαν ἡγεμόνα καὶ δεσπότην θεὸν ἀλλὰ¹⁷ τὸν Μουσῶν 20 καὶ Χαρίτων καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἑταῖρον Ἔρωτα.

γλυκὺ γὰρ θέρος ἀνδρὸς ὑποσπείρων πραπίδων πόθῳ¹⁸

κατὰ τὸν Μελανιππίδην, τὰ ἥδιστα μίγνυσι τοῖς καλλίστοις· ἢ πῶς ἔφη λέγομεν, ὦ Ζεύξιππε;

Amatorius. Plutarch. ed. Grēgorios N. Vernardakēs. Leipzig. 1892.

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Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Ἐρωτικός (Greek) (Plutarch. Plutarchi Chaeronensis Moralia, Vol. IV. Vernardakēs, Grēgorios N., editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1892.)

Translations (1)

Of Love. Perseus (Plutarch. Plutarch's Morals, Vol. IV. Goodwin, William W., editor; Philips, John, translator. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company; Cambridge: Press of John Wilson and Son, 1874.) — 15 focus

[15]

AUTOB.

To whom Daphnaeus: In the name of all the Gods, who ever thought otherwise? All those must certainly, replied my father, who believe the care of ploughing, sowing, and planting is an employment becoming the Gods (and have they not for this purpose certain Nymphs attending them, called Dryads,

Who with the trees they cherish live and die? —

AUTOB.

and does not

The joyous Bacchus send increase of fruit,

The chaste autumnal light, to every tree? —

AUTOB.

as Pindar sings), and who yet will not allow that the nourishment and growth of children and young people, who in the flower of their age are to be formed and shaped into several varieties of beauty, is under the care and tuition of any Deity; or that there is any Divinity to take care that man, being once born, may be guided and conducted in the true paths of virtue, and to prevent the tender plant from being bowed and bent the wrong way for want of a good instructor, or by the depraved conversation of those with whom he lives. For my part, I look upon it as a heinous piece of indignity and ingratitude thus to say, while we are all the time enjoying the bounty and benignity of God, which he is ready to disperse and diffuse over all, and which never abandons the distresses and needs of mortals. And yet in many of these needs the duty to be performed is rather necessary than pleasant. Thus our being delivered from the mother’s womb is no such delightful thing, as being attended with pain and issues of blood; and yet there is a celestial midwife and overseer that takes particular care of that necessity, which is Lucina. And indeed a man had better never be born, than to be made bad and wicked for want of a good tutor and guardian. Nay, we find that the divine power does not desert us in our sickness, nor after we are dead; there being still some Deity or other who claims some certain peculiar employment or function, even upon those occasions. Among the rest, there is one that helps to convey the souls of such as have ended this life into the other world, and lays them asleep, according to this of the poet:

For shady night ne’er brought me forth to play

With artful touch upon the tuneful lyre,

Nor to be mistress of prophetic fire,

Nor pains of rude distempers to allay;

But to convey the souls of the deceased

Each one to their appointed place of rest.

AUTOB.

Nevertheless these ministerial functions have many difficulties and troubles which attend them; whereas we cannot imagine any employment more holy, any exercise more sacred, or any contention for prize and glory more becoming a Deity, than to direct and assist the lawful endeavors and pursuits of lovers in their prime of years and beauty. There is nothing dishonorable, nothing of forced necessity in this; but gentle persuasion and alluring grace, rendering labor delightful, leads to virtue and friendship, which never attains the true accomplishment of the end it aims at without some divine assistance, nor can have any other conductor and master than Cupid himself, who is the friend and companion of the Muses, the, Graces, and Venus his own mother. For, according to Melannippides,

Great Love it is, that in the heart of man

Sows the sweet harvest of unstained desire;

AUTOB.

and he always mingles those things that are sweetest with those that are fairest. What do you say, Zeuxippus? Can we believe it to be otherwise?

Notes on the current edition

Ἐρωτικός

1. ἄλλως W: ἄλλος

2. idem: ἀρότρου

3. idem: φέγγος ἁγνὸν

4. vid. Bergk. 1 p. 433. p. 437

5. μέλλει BE

6. malim μηδ’ ἐκκλασθῆναι (cf. p. 762 f) vel κατακλασθῆναι (cf. p. 767f)

7. γε R: τε

8. θεῖον] θεὰν R; malim θεὸν

9. *: μὴ γίνεσθαι

10. ἀγωγὸς W

11. ἐν] τῶν ἐν R

12. ἔστιν δέ τις Ἐκεῖ κομιστὴρ κἀπαρωγὸς ἐν τέλει versum Aeschyli effecit God. Hermannus

13. ὁ Ψπνος Hauptius: οὖτος

14. ἀλλὰ θνητὸν ἅμα] ἀλλ’ ἡγήτορα Valckenarius. ἀλλ’ ὀνήτορα Bergkius; malim ἀλλ’ εὐνάτορα cf. Nauck. p. 916

15. καίτοι ταῦτα W

16. τ’ εὐκάματον Porson cf. p. 467d. 794b. Eur. Bacch. 66

17. ἀλλὰ] malim ἀλλ’ ἢ

18. πραπίδεσσι πόθον (aut πόθων) Bergkius 3 p. 591

Plutarch Amatorius 15

ed. Grēgorios N. Vernardakēs

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ΑΥΤΟΒΟΥΛΟΣ.

Current edition Perseus

AUTOB.

AUTOB.

AUTOB.

AUTOB.

AUTOB.

Notes on the current edition

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