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Πῶς Πλάτων ἔλεγε τὸν θεὸν ἀεὶ γεωμετρεῖν.

[1] 15 718c ἐκ δὲ τούτου γενομένης σιωπῆς, πάλιν ὁ Διογενιανὸς ἀρξάμενος βούλεσθʼ εἶπεν, ἐπεὶ λόγοι περὶ θεῶν γεγόνασιν, ἐν τοῖς Πλάτωνος γενεθλίοις αὐτὸν Πλάτωνα κοινωνὸν παραλάβωμεν, ἐπισκεψάμενοι τίνα λαβὼν γνώμην ἀπεφήνατʼ ἀεὶ γεωμετρεῖν 20 τὸν θεόν; εἴ γε δὴ θετέον εἶναι τὴν ἀπόφανσιν¹ ταύτην Πλάτωνος. ἐμοῦ δὲ ταῦτʼ εἰπόντος ὡς γέγραπται μὲν ἐν οὐδενὶ σαφῶς τῶν ἐκείνου βιβλίων², ἔχει δὲ πίστιν ἱκανὴν καὶ τοῦ Πλατωνικοῦ χαρακτῆρὸς 718d ἐστιν· εὐθὺς ὑπολαβὼν ὁ Τυνδάρης οἴει γάρ εἶπεν, ὦ Διογενιανέ, τῶν περιττῶν τι καὶ δυσθεωρήτων αἰνίττεσθαι τὸν λόγον, οὐχ ὅπερ αὐτὸς εἴρηκε 5 καὶ γέγραφε πολλάκις, ὑμνῶν γεωμετρίαν, ὡς ἀποσπῶσαν ἡμᾶς προσισχομένους³ τῇ αἰσθήσει καὶ ἀποστρέφουσαν ἐπὶ τὴν νοητὴν καὶ ἀίδιον φύσιν, ἧς θέα τέλος ἐστὶ φιλοσοφίας οἷον ἐποπτεία τελετῆς; ὁ γὰρ ἡδονῆς καὶ ἀλγηδόνος ἧλος, ὃς⁴ πρὸς 10 τὸ σῶμα τὴν ψυχὴν προσηλοῖ, μέγιστον κακὸν ἔχειν ἔοικε, τὸ τὰ αἰσθητὰ ποιεῖν ἐναργέστερα τῶν νοητῶν, καὶ καταβιάζεσθαι πάθει⁵ μᾶλλον ἢ λόγῳ κρίνειν 718e τὴν διάνοιαν· ἐθιζομένη γὰρ ὑπὸ τοῦ σφόδρα πονεῖν καὶ ἥδεσθαι τῷ περὶ τὰ σώματα πλανητῷ 15 καὶ μεταβλητῷ προσέχειν ὡς ὄντι τοῦ ἀληθῶς ὄντος τυφλοῦται, καὶ τὸ μυρίων ἀντάξιον ὀμμάτων⁶ ὄργανον ψυχῆς καὶ φέγγος ἀπόλλυσιν, ᾧ μόνῳ θεατὸν ἐστι τὸ θεῖον. πᾶσι μὲν οὖν τοῖς καλουμένοις μαθήμασιν, ὥσπερ ἀστραβέσι καὶ λείοις κατόπτροις, 20 ἐμφαίνεται τῆς τῶν νοητῶν ἀληθείας ἴχνη καὶ εἴδωλα· μάλιστα δὲ γεωμετρία κατὰ τὸν Φίλωνα ἀρχὴ καὶ μητρόπολις οὖσα τῶν ἄλλων ἐπανάγει καὶ στρέφει τὴν διάνοιαν, οἷον ἐκκαθαιρομένην καὶ ἀπολυομένην ἀτρέμα τῆς,· αἰσθήσεως. διὸ καὶ Πλάτων αὐτὸς 25 718f ἐμέμψατο τοὺς περὶ Εὔδοξον καὶ Ἀρχύταν καὶ Μέναιχμον εἰς ὀργανικὰς καὶ μηχανικὰς κατασκευὰς τὸν τοῦ στερεοῦ διπλασιασμὸν ἀπάγειν ἐπιχειροῦντας, ὥσπερ πειρωμένους διʼ ἀλόγου⁷ δύο μέσας ἀνάλογον⁸, ᾗ⁹ παρείκοι, λαβεῖν¹⁰· ἀπόλλυσθαι γὰρ οὕτω καὶ διαφθείρεσθαι τὸ γεωμετρίας ἀγαθὸν αὖθις ἐπὶ τὰ αἰσθητὰ παλινδρομούσης καὶ μὴ φερομένης ἄνω 5 μηδʼ ἀντιλαμβανομένης τῶν ἀιδίων καὶ ἀσωμάτων εἰκόνων, πρὸς αἷσπερ¹¹ ὢν ὁ θεὸς ἀεὶ θεός ἐστι.

[2] μετὰ δὲ τὸν Τυνδάρην ὁ Φλῶρος, ἑταῖρος 719a ὢν¹² αὐτοῦ καὶ προσποιούμενος ἀεὶ μετὰ παιδιᾶς ἐραστὴς εἶναι καὶ φάσκων, ὤνησας ἔφη τὸν λόγον 10 οὐ σεαυτοῦ ποιησάμενος ἀλλὰ κοινόν ἐλέγξαι γὰρ ἔδωκας αὐτὸν ἀποδεικνύοντι¹³ μὴ θεοῖς οὖσαν ἀλλʼ ἡμῖν ἀναγκαίαν τὴν γεωμετρίαν οὐ γάρ τί που καὶ θεὸς δεῖται μαθήματος οἷον ὀργάνου στρέφοντος ἀπὸ τῶν γενητῶν καὶ περιάγοντος ἐπὶ τὰ ὄντα τὴν 15 διάνοιαν ἐν αὐτῷ γὰρ ἔστιν ἐκεῖνα¹⁴ καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ καὶ περὶ αὐτόν. ἀλλʼ ὅρα μή τι σοι προσῆκον ὁ Πλάτων καὶ οἰκεῖον αἰνιττόμενος λέληθεν, ἅτε δὴ 719b τῷ Σωκράτει τὸν Λυκοῦργον ἀναμιγνὺς οὐχ ἧττον ἢ τὸν Πυθαγόραν, ὡς¹⁵ ᾤετο Δικαίαρχος¹⁶. ὁ γὰρ Λυκοῦργος 20 οἶσθα δήπουθεν ὅτι τὴν ἀριθμητικὴν ἀναλογίαν, ὡς δημοκρατικὴν καὶ ὀχλικὴν οὖσαν, ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς Λακεδαίμονος· ἐπεισήγαγε δὲ τὴν γεωμετρικήν, ὀλιγαρχίᾳ σώφρονι καὶ βασιλείᾳ νομίμῃ¹⁷ πρέπουσαν· ἡ μὲν γὰρ ἀριθμῷ τὸ ἴσον ἡ δὲ λόγῳ τὸ κατʼ. ἀξίαν ἀπονέμει· καὶ οὐ πάνθʼ ὁμοῦ μίγνυσιν, ἀλλʼ ἔστι χρηστῶν καὶ πονηρῶν εὔσημος ἐν αὐτῇ¹⁸ διάκρισις, οὐ ζυγοῖς οὐδὲ κλήροις ἀρετῆς; δὲ καὶ κακίας διαφορᾷ¹⁹ τὸ οἰκεῖον ἀεὶ διαλαγχανόντων. 5 ταύτην ὁ θεὸς ἐπάγει τὴν ἀναλογίαν τοῖς πράγμασι, 719c δίκην καὶ νέμεσιν, ὦ φίλε Τυνδάρη, προσαγορευομένην καὶ διδάσκουσαν ἡμᾶς τὸ δίκαιον ἴσον, ἀλλὰ μὴ τὸ ἴσον δεῖν ποιεῖσθαι δίκαιον ἣν γὰρ οἱ πολλοὶ διώκουσιν ἰσότητα, πασῶν ἀδικιῶν οὖσαν μεγίστην, 10 ὁ θεὸς ἐξαιρῶν²⁰, ὡς ἀνυστόν ἐστι, τὸ κατʼ ἀξίαν διαφυλάττει, γεωμετρικῶς τῷ κατὰ λόγον καὶ κατὰ νόμον²¹ ὁριζόμενος.

[3] ταῦθʼ ἡμεῖς ἐπῃνοῦμεν. ὁ δὲ Τυνδάρης φθονεῖν ἔφασκε καὶ παρεκάλει τὸν Αὐτόβουλον 15 ἅψασθαι Φλώρου καὶ κολάσαι τὸν λόγον. ὁ δὲ τοῦτο μὲν ἀπεῖπεν, ἰδίαν δέ τινα δόξαν ἀντιπαρήγαγεν. ἔφη γὰρ οὔτε τὴν²², γεωμετρίαν²³ ἄλλου τινὸς ἢ τῶν περὶ τὰ πέρατα συμπτωμάτων καὶ παθῶν 719d εἶναι θεωρητικήν, οὔτε τὸν θεὸν ἑτέρῳ τινὶ τρόπῳ 20 κοσμοποιεῖν ἢ περατοῦντα τὴν ὕλην ἄπειρον οὖσαν, οὐ μεγέθει καὶ πλήθει, διὰ δʼ ἀταξίαν καὶ πλημμέλειαν αὐτῆς τὸ ἀόριστον καὶ ἀπεράτωτον²⁴ ἄπειρον εἰωθότων καλεῖν τῶν παλαιῶν. καὶ γὰρ ἡ μορφὴ καὶ τὸ σχῆμα πέρας ἐστὶ τοῦ μεμορφωμένου²⁵ καὶ 25 ἐσχηματισμένου παντός, ὧν στερήσει καθʼ αὑτὴν ἄμορφος ἦν καὶ ἀσχημάτιστος· ἀριθμῶν δὲ καὶ λόγων ἐγγενομένων, οἷον δεθεῖσα καὶ περιληφθεῖσα 719e γραμμαῖς, ἐκ δὲ τῶν γραμμῶν ἐπιπέδοις καὶ βάθεσιν²⁶, εἴδη τὰ πρῶτα καὶ διαφορὰς σωμάτων ὥσπερ 5 θεμελίων παρέσχε πρὸς γένεσιν ἀέρος καὶ γῆς ὕδατὸς τε καὶ πυρός. ὀκταέδρων γὰρ καὶ εἰκοσαέδρων, ἔτι δὲ πυραμίδων καὶ κύβων ἰσότητας ἐν πλευραῖς καὶ ὁμοιότητας ἐν γωνίαις καὶ ἁρμονίας ἀνασχεῖν ἐξ ὕλης ἀτάκτου καὶ πλανητῆς ἄνευ τοῦ περιορίζοντος 10 καὶ διαρθροῦντος ἕκαστα γεωμετρικῶς ἄπορον ἦν καὶ ἀδύνατον. ὅθεν, ἀπείρῳ πέρατος ἐγγενομένου²⁷, τὸ πᾶν ἡρμοσμένον καὶ κεκραμένον ἄριστα καὶ πεπερασμένον²⁸ γέγονέ τε καὶ γίγνεται, τῆς μὲν ὕλης ἀεὶ βιαζομένης εἰς τὸ ἀόριστον ἀναδῦναι καὶ 15 φευγούσης τὸ γεωμετρεῖσθαι, τοῦ δὲ λόγου καταλαμβάνοντος 719f αὐτὴν καὶ περιγράφοντος καὶ διανέμοντος εἰς ἰδέας καὶ διαφοράς, ἐξ ὧν τὰ φυόμενα πάντα τὴν γένεσιν ἔσχε καὶ σύστασιν.

[4] ἐπὶ τούτοις ῥηθεῖσιν ἠξίουν²⁹ κἀμὲ³⁰ συμβαλέσθαι 20 τι πρὸς τὸν λόγον αὐτοῖς. ἐγὼ δὲ τὰς μὲν εἰρημένας δόξας ὡς ἰθαγενεῖς καὶ ἰδίας αὐτῶν ἐκείνων ἐπῄνεσα καὶ τὸ εἰκὸς ἔφην ἔχειν ἱκανῶς· ὅπως δʼ εἶπον ἑαυτῶν μὴ καταφρονῆτε μηδʼ ἔξω βλέπητε παντάπασιν, ἀκούσατε τὸν μάλιστα παρὰ 25 τοῖς καθηγηταῖς ἡμῶν εὐδοκιμοῦντα περὶ τούτου 720a λόγον. ἔστι γὰρ ἐν τοῖς γεωμετρικωτάτοις θεωρήμασι, μᾶλλον δὲ προβλήμασι, τὸ δυεῖν εἰδῶν δοθέντων ἄλλο τοίἰον³¹ τρίτον παραβάλλειν τῷ μὲν ἴσον τῷ δʼ ὅμοιον· ἐφʼ ᾧ καί φασιν ἐξευρεθέντι θῦσαι τὸν Πυθαγόραν. πολὺ γὰρ ἀμέλει γλαφυρώτερον τοῦτο 5 καὶ μουσικώτερον ἐκείνου τοῦ θεωρήματος, ὃ³² τὴν ὑποτείνουσαν ἀπέδειξε ταῖς περὶ τὴν ὀρθὴν ἴσον δυναμένην. εὖ λέγεις εἶπεν ὁ Διογενιανὸς ἀλλὰ τί τοῦτο πρὸς τὸν λόγον; εἴσεσθε³³ ῥᾳδίως εἶπον ἀναμνήσαντες αὑτοὺς³⁴ τῆς ἐν Τιμαίῳ³⁵ διαιρέσεως, 10 διεῖλε τριχῇ τὰ πρῶτα, ὑφʼ ὧν³⁶ τὴν γένεσιν ὁ κόσμος 720b ἔσχεν, ὧν τὸ μὲν θεὸν τῷ δικαιοτάτῳ τῶν ὀνομάτων τὸ δʼ ὕλην τὸ δʼ ἰδέαν καλοῦμεν. ἡ μὲν οὖν ὕλη τῶν ὑποκειμένων ἀτακτότατόν ἐστιν, ἡ δʼ ἰδέα τῶν παραδειγμάτων κάλλιστον, ὁ δὲ θεὸς τῶν 15 αἰτίων ἄριστον. ἐβούλετʼ οὖν μηθέν, ὡς ἀνυστὸν ἦν, ὑπολιπεῖν ὁριστὸν³⁷ ἀόριστον, ἀλλὰ κοσμῆσαι λόγῳ καὶ ἀριθμῷ τὴν φύσιν· ἕν τι ποιῶν ἐκ πάντων ὁμοῦ τῶν ὑποκειμένων, οἷον ἡ³⁸ ἰδέα καὶ ὅσον ἡ ὕλη γενόμενον³⁹. διὸ τοῦτο πρόβλημα δοὺς 20 αὑτῷ⁴⁰, δυεῖν ὄντων, τρίτον ἐποίησε καὶ ποιεῖ καὶ φυλάττει διὰ παντὸς τὸ⁴¹ ἴσον τῇ ὕλῃ καὶ ὅμοιον τῇ ἰδέᾳ τὸν κόσμον· ἀεὶ γὰρ ὢν διὰ τὴν σύμφυτον ἀνάγκην τοῦ σώματος ἐν γενέσει καὶ μετατροπῇ καὶ 720c πάθεσι παντοδαποῖς ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς καὶ δημιουργοῦ 25 βοηθεῖται τῷ λόγῳ πρὸς τὸ παράδειγμα τὴν οὐσίαν ὁρίζοντος· καὶ κάλλιον τοῦ συμμέτρου τὸ περίμετρον τῶν ὄντων.

Quaestiones Convivales. Plutarch. ed. Grēgorios N. Vernardakēs. Leipzig. 1892.

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Current edition Perseus

Συμποσιακῶν προβλημάτων βιβλία (Greek) (Plutarch. Plutarchi Chaeronensis Moralia, Vol. IV. Vernardakēs, Grēgorios N., editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1892.)

Translations (1)

Symposiacs Perseus (Plutarch. Plutarch's Morals, Vol. III. Goodwin, William W., editor; Creech, Thomas, translator. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company; Cambridge: Press of John Wilson and Son, 1874.) — 8.2 focus

Question II.
WHAT IS PLATO’S MEANING, WHEN HE SAYS THAT GOD ALWAYS PLAYS THE GEOMETER?
DIOGENIANUS, TYNDARES, FLORUS, AUTOBULUS.

[1] SILENCE following this discourse, Diogenianus began and said: Since our discourse is about the Gods, shall we, especially on his own birthday, admit Plato to the conference, and enquire upon what account he says (supposing it to be his sentence) that God always plays the geometer? I said that this sentence was not plainly set down in any of his books; yet there are good arguments that it is his, and it is very much like his expression. Tyndares presently subjoining said: Perhaps, Diogenianus, you imagine that this sentence intimates some curious and difficult speculation, and not that which he hath so often mentioned, when he praiseth geometry as a science that takes off men from sensible objects, and makes them apply themselves to the intelligible and eternal Nature, the contemplation of which is the end of philosophy, as a view of the mysteries of initiation into holy rites. For the nail of pain and pleasure, that fastens the soul to the body, seems to do us the greatest mischief, by making sensible things more powerful over us than intelligible, and by forcing the understanding to determine rather according to passion than reason. For the understanding, being accustomed by the vehemency of pain or pleasure to be intent on the mutable and uncertain body, as if it really and truly were, grows blind as to that which really is, and loses that instrument and light of the soul, which is worth a thousand bodies, and by which alone the Deity can be discovered. Now in all sciences, as in plain and smooth mirrors, some marks and images of the truth of intelligible objects appear, but in geometry chiefly; which, according to Philo, is the chief and principal of all, and doth bring back and turn the understanding, as it were, purged and gently loosened from sense. And therefore Plato himself dislikes Eudoxus, Archytas, and Menaechmus for endeavoring to bring down the doubling the cube to mechanical operations; for by this means all that was good in geometry would be lost and corrupted, it falling back again to sensible things, and not rising upward and considering immaterial and immortal images, in which God being versed is always God.

[2] After Tyndares, Florus, a companion of his, who always jocosely pretended to be his admirer, said thus: Sir, we are obliged to you for making your discourse not proper to yourself, but common to us all; for you have made it possible to refute it by demonstrating that geometry is not necessary to the Gods, but to us. Now the Deity doth not stand in need of science, as an instrument to withdraw his intellect from things engendered and to turn it to the real things; for these are all in him, with him, and about him. But pray consider whether Plato, though you do not apprehend it, doth not intimate something that is proper and peculiar to you, mixing Lycurgus with Socrates, as much as Dicaearchus thought he did Pythagoras. For Lycurgus, I suppose you know, banished out of Sparta all arithmetical proportion, as being democratical and favoring the crowd; -but introduced the geometrical, as agreeable to an oligarchy and kingly government that rules by law; for the former gives an equal share to every one according to number, but the other gives according to the proportion of the deserts. It doth not huddle all things together, but in it there is a fair discretion of good and bad, every one having what is fit for him, not by lot or weight, but according as he is virtuous or vicious. The same proportion, my dear Tyndares, God introduceth, which is called δίκη and νέμεσις, and which teacheth us to account that which is just equal, and not that which is equal just. For that equality which many affect, being often the greatest injustice, God, as much as possible, takes away; and useth that proportion which respects every man’s deserts, geometrically defining it according to law and reason.

[3] This exposition we applauded; and Tyndares, saying he envied him, desired Autobulus to engage Florus and confute his discourse. That he refused to do, but produced another opinion of his own. Geometry, said he, considers nothing else but the accidents and properties of the extremities or limits of bodies; neither did God make the world any other way than by terminating matter, which was infinite before. Not that matter was really infinite as to either magnitude or multitude; but the ancients used to call that infinite which by reason of its confusion and disorder is undetermined and unconfined. Now the terms of every thing that is formed or figured are the form and figure of that thing, without which the thing would be formless and unfigured. Now numbers and proportions being applied to matter, it is circumscribed and as it were bound up by lines, and through lines by surfaces and profundities; and so were settled the first species and differences of bodies, as foundations from which to raise the four elements, fire, air, water, and earth. For it was impossible that, out of an unsteady and confused matter, the equality of the sides, the likeness of the angles, and the exact proportion of octahedrons, icosahedrons, pyramids, and cubes should be deduced, unless by some power that terminated and shaped every particle of matter. Therefore, terms being fixed to that which was undetermined or infinite before, the whole became and still continues agreeable in all parts, and excellently terminated and mixed; the matter indeed always affecting an indeterminate state, and flying all geometrical confinement, but proportion terminating and circumscribing it, and dividing it into several differences and forms, out of which all things that arise are generated and subsist.

[4] When he had said this, he desired me to contribute something to the discourse; and I applauded their conceits as their own devices, and very probable. But lest you despise yourselves (I continued) and altogether look for some external explication, attend to an exposition upon this sentence, which your masters very much approve. Amongst the most geometrical theorems, or rather problems, this is one: Two figures being given, to construct a third, which shall be equal to one and similar to the other. And it is reported that Pythagoras, upon the discovery of this problem, offered a sacrifice to the Gods; for this is a much more exquisite theorem than that which lays down, that the square of the hypothenuse in a right-angled triangle is equal to the squares of the two sides. Right, said Diogenianus, but what is this to the present question? You will easily understand, I replied, if you call to mind how Timaeus divides that which gave the world its beginning into three parts. One of which is justly called God, the other matter, and the third form. That which is called matter is the most confused subject, the form the most beautiful pattern, and God the best of causes. Now this cause, as far as possible, would leave nothing infinite and indeterminate, but adorn Nature with number, measure, and proportion, making one thing of all the subjects together, equal to the matter, and similar to the form. Therefore proposing to himself this problem, he made and still makes a third, and always preserves it equal to the matter, and like the form; and that is the world. And this world, being in continual changes and alterations because of the natural necessity of body, is helped and preserved by the father and maker of all things, who by proportion terminates the substance according to the pattern. Wherefore in its measure and circuit this universal world is more beautiful than that which is merely similar to it....

Notes on the current edition

Συμποσιακῶν προβλημάτων βιβλία

1. Leonicus: ἀπόφασιν

2. βυβλίων mei

3. Anonymus: προισχομένους

4. ὃς] ὦ mei

5. πάθει X: καὶ πάθει

6. em. Vulcobius: ὀνομάτων vid. Plat. Rep. p. 527e

7. δι’ ἀλογου Holwerda: διαλόγου aut διὰ λόγου

8. ἀνὰ λόγον Madvigius

9. ᾗ Herwerdenus: μὴ

10. ὥσπερ πειρωμένους - λαβεῖν] del. W, sed Holwerda contulit Vit. Marc. c. 14

11. αἷσπερ *: οἷσπερ

12. ὢν] ἢν mei

13. W: ἀποδεικνύοντα

14. ἐκεῖνα Vulcobius: ἐκείνῳ

15. ὡς Osannus

16. Δικαίαρχος] Mueller. 2 p. 243

17. νομίμῳ?

18. αὐτῇ M: αὐτῷ

19. διαφοραὶ mei

20. em. Duebnerus: ἐξαίρων ( ἐξαιρων Vd)

21. καὶ τὸ κατὰ νόμον W

22. οὔτε τὴν X: οὐ τόπον

23. γεωμετρεῖν mei

24. Emperius: ἀπερατώτατον

25. μορφουμένου aut μορφωμένου mei

26. βάθεσιν *: βαθέσιν

27. ἐνγενομένου mei

28. πεπρασμένον vel πεπεπρασμένον iidem

29. em. M: ἠξίου

30. κἀμὲ *: καὶ ἐμὲ

31. ἄλλο τρίτον] ἀλλότριον mei

32. ὃ] ᾧ W

33. εἴσεσθαι mei

34. αὐτοὺς iidem

35. Τιμαίῳ] p. 48e sqq.

36. ὦν M: οὖ

37. ὁριστὸν W: ὁριστὸν καὶ

38. ἡ Duebnerus

39. γενομένη mei

40. δοὺς αὑτῷ Madvigius: δοῦσα αὐτῷ

41. τὸ] del. M

Plutarch Quaestiones Convivales 8.2

ed. Grēgorios N. Vernardakēs

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

Πῶς Πλάτων ἔλεγε τὸν θεὸν ἀεὶ γεωμετρεῖν.

Current edition Perseus

Question II.
WHAT IS PLATO’S MEANING, WHEN HE SAYS THAT GOD ALWAYS PLAYS THE GEOMETER?
DIOGENIANUS, TYNDARES, FLORUS, AUTOBULUS.

Notes on the current edition

Stable identifiers

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

Πῶς Πλάτων ἔλεγε τὸν θεὸν ἀεὶ γεωμετρεῖν.

Current edition Perseus

Question II. WHAT IS PLATO’S MEANING, WHEN HE SAYS THAT GOD ALWAYS PLAYS THE GEOMETER? DIOGENIANUS, TYNDARES, FLORUS, AUTOBULUS.

Notes on the current edition

Stable identifiers

Question II.
WHAT IS PLATO’S MEANING, WHEN HE SAYS THAT GOD ALWAYS PLAYS THE GEOMETER?
DIOGENIANUS, TYNDARES, FLORUS, AUTOBULUS.