Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 8.85

[1] Whilst they were quarrelling about their business with Astyochus and Tissaphernes, Mindarus cometh in from Lacedaemon to succeed Astyochus in his charge of the fleet; and as soon as he had taken the command upon him, Astyochus departed.

[2] But with him Tissaphernes sent a Carian named Gauleites, one that spake both the languages, both to accuse the Milesians about the fort and also to make an apology for himself, knowing that the Milesians went principally to exclaim upon him, and that Hermocrates went with them and would bewray how Tissaphernes undid the business of the Peloponnesians with Alcibiades, and dealt on both hands.

[3] For he was continually at enmity with him about the payment of the soldiers' wages; and in the end, when Hermocrates was banished from Syracuse, and other commanders of the Syracusian fleet, namely, Potamis, Myscon, and Demarchus, were arrived at Miletus, Tissaphernes lay more heavy upon him, being an outlaw, than before, and accused him, amongst other things, that he had asked him money, and because he could not have it became his enemy.

[4] So Astyochus and Hermocrates and the Milesians went their way to Lacedaemon. Alcibiades by this time was come back from Tissaphernes to Samos.

[1] The discontent of the army with Astyochus and Tissaphernes had reached this pitch, when Mindarus arrived from Lacedaemon to succeed Astyochus as admiral, and assumed the command. Astyochus now set sail for home;

[2] and Tissaphernes sent with him one of his confidants, Gaulites, a Carian, who spoke the two languages, to complain of the Milesians for the affair of the fort, and at the same time to defend himself against the Milesians, who were, as he was aware, on their way to Sparta chiefly to denounce his conduct, and had with them Hermocrates, who was to accuse Tissaphernes of joining with Alcibiades to ruin the Peloponnesian cause and of playing a double game.

[3] Indeed Hermocrates had always been at enmity with him about the pay not being restored in full; and eventually when he was banished from Syracuse , and new commanders, Potamis, Myscon, and Demarchus, had come out to Miletus to the ships of the Syracusans, Tissaphernes pressed harder than ever upon him in his exile, and among other charges against him accused him of having once asked him for money, and then given himself out as his enemy because he failed to obtain it.

[4] While Astyochus and the Milesians and Hermocrates made sail for Lacedaemon , Alcibiades had now crossed back from Tissaphernes to Samos .

Während nun ihre Angelegenheiten wegen des
Zerwürfnisses mit dem Astyochos wie mit dem Tissaphernes also standen, kam
von Lakedämon Mindaros als Nachfolger des Astyochos im
Flottenkommando an und übernahm den Oberbefehl; AstyochoS aber schiffte
sich.nach Hause ein. Mit ihm schickte Tissaphernes einen der
Seinigen, den Karer GauliteS, der beide Sprachen redete, als Gesandten
ab. Dieser sollte nämlich die Milesier deS Kastells wegen verklagen
und zugleich ihn selbst vertheidigen, denn er wußte, daß auch die
Milesier, um ihn zu verklagen, eine Gesandtschaft dorthin schickten,
und mit dieser besonders den HermokrateS, welcher den wahren
Sachverhalt darstellen sollte, wie nämlich Tissaphernes im Bunde mit
AlkibiadeS die Macht der Peloponnesier zn Grunde richte und auf beiden
Achseln trage. Diesem Manne war nämlich Tissaphernes von vorn
herein Feind geworden wegen der Art und Weise der Soldzahlung,
und als schließlich HermokrateS auch aus Syrakus verbannt wurde,
und andere Feldherrn für die Syrakusischen Schiffe nach Milet kamen,
PotamiS nämlich und Myskon und DemavchoS, so verfolgte
Tissaphernes den HermokrateS als Verbannten erst recht, und brachte
allerlei Beschuldigungen gegen ihn auf, und unter andern auch, der- ¹
selbe habe einmal Geld von ihm verlangt, und weil er eS nicht
bekommen, so habe er einen Haß auf ihn geworfen. Astyochos also
und die Milesier mit HermokrateS gingen nach Lakedämon ab,
AlkibiadeS aber war unterdessen vom Tissaphernes wieder nach Samos
zurückgekommen.

LXXXV. Les choses en étaient là, lorsqu’au plus fort de cette irritation contre Aslyochos et contre Tissaphernes arriva de Lacédémone Mindaros, successeur d’Astyochos dans le commandement de la flotte. Astyochos lui remit ses pouvoirs et s’embarqua. Tissaphernes fit partir avec lui, en qualité d’ambassadeur, un de ses affidés, nommé Gaulitès, Carien qui parlait les deux langues ¹ . Il avait mission de se plaindre des Milésiens au sujet du fort, et en même temps de justifier Tissaphernes : car celui-ci savait que les Milésiens étaient partis surtout pour l’accuser, et qu’avec eux se trouvait Hermocrates, qui devait le représenter comme un homme double, ruinant avec Alcibiade les affaires du Péloponnèse. Tissaphernes ne lui avait jamais pardonné depuis les contestations au sujet de la solde. Lorsqu’en dernier lieu les Syracusains Je bannirent et envoyèrent à Milet d’autres généraux, Potamis, Myscon, Démarches, pour commander leur flotte, Tissaphernes montra contre lui, quoique exilé, plus d’acharnement encore, et l’accusa, entre autres choses, de lui en vouloir parce qu’il n’avait pas obtenu une somme d’argent qu’il avait autrefois sollicitée de lui. Pendant qu’Aslyochos, les Milésiens et Hermocrates faisaient voile pour Lacédémone, Alcibiade était déjà de retour à Samos d’auprès de Tissaphernes.

Les choses en étaient là et l’irritation contre Astyochos et Tissapherne était parvenue à son comble, lorsque Min-daros arriva de Lacédémone pour remplacer Astyochos dans les fonctions de navarque ¹ . Astyochos lui remit le commandement et s’embarqua. Il était accompagné par un ambassadeur de Tissapherne, leCarien Gaulitès, qui parlait les deux langues. Ce dernier était chargé de se plaindre des Milésiens au sujet du fort et de disculper Tissapherne ; car celui-ci n’ignorait pas que les Milésiens étaient partis dans l’intention de l’accusçr et qu’avec eux se trouvait Hermocratès, qui devait le représenter comme ruinant, de concert avec Alcibiade, les affaires des Pélo-ponésiens par ses fluctuations. Tissapherne ne lui avait pas pardonné sa conauite dans la question de la solde. Lorsqu’en dernier lieu ce général avait été banni de Syracuse ² et remplacé par Potamis, Myscon et Démarchos dans le commandement de l’escadre syracusaine alors à Milet, Tissapherne avait redoublé d’acharnement contre Hermocratés dès lors exilé. Il lui reprochait, entre autres choses, de n’être devenu son ennemi que parce qu'un jour il lui avait demandé de l’argent sans l'obtenir. C’est ainsi qu’Astyochos, les Milésiens et Hermocratés partirent pour Lacédémone. Alcibiade quitta Tissapherne ef, revint à Samos.

[1] While the relations between the soldiers and Astyochus and Tissaphernes were in such discord, Mindarus came from Lacedaemon to succeed Astyochus as admiral and took over the command; and Astyochus sailed home.

[2] But Tissaphernes sent with him as envoy one of his retinue, Gaulites, a bilingual Carian, to lay accusation against the Milesians for taking his fort and at the same time to make a defence of himself, since he knew that the Milesians were on their way to Sparta chiefly to denounce him, and that with them went Hermocrates, who was intending to show that Tissaphernes, together with Alcibiades, was ruining the cause of the Peloponnesians and pursuing a two-faced policy.

[3] Tissaphernes had always been at enmity with Hermocrates in connection with the payment of the wages; ¹ and more recently, when Hermocrates had been banished from Syracuse and another set of generals had come to Miletus to take command of the Syracusan fleet ² —and they were Potamis, Myscon and Demarchus—Tissaphernes set upon Hermocrates, now that he was an exile, much more violently than ever, charging against him, among other things, that he had once asked him for money, and because he did not obtain it had shown him enmity.

[4] Astyochus, then, together with the Milesians and Hermocrates, sailed away to Lacedaemon; Alcibiades, on the other hand, had already left Tissaphernes and crossed over again to Samos.

[1] When their affairs, then, were involved in these dissensions both with Astyochus and Tissaphernes, Mindarus arrived from Lacedaemon to succeed Astyochus as admiral, and assumed the command, while Astyochus sailed away. With him Tissaphernes also sent, as an ambassador, one of his courtiers named Gaulites, a Carian who spoke ¹ two languages;

[2] both to lay an accusation against the Milesians on the subject of the fort, and at the same time to make an apology for himself; for he knew that the Milesians were going thither chiefly to raise a clamour against him, and Hermocrates along with them, who intended to represent Tissaphernes as ruining the cause of the Peloponnesians in concert with Alcibiades, and pursuing a double policy.

[3] For he had always been at enmity with him about the payment of the money to the forces; and at last, when Hermocrates was banished from Syracuse, and some others of the Syracusans, namely, Potamis, Myscon, and Demarchus, had come to Miletus to take command of the Syracusan ships, Tissaphernes pressed far more severely than ever on Hermocrates, when he was now an exile; both laying other things to his charge, and especially, that having once asked him for money and not obtained it, he displayed his enmity to him in consequence.

[4] Astyochus, then, with the Milesians and Hermocrates, sailed away to Lacedaemon; while Alcibiades had by this time crossed over again from Tissaphernes to Samos.

[1] Quum igitur res in hujusmodi controversia adversus Astyochum et Tissaphernem exorta constitutas haberent, Miudarus Astyochi nauarchiae successor Lacedaemone supervenit, et imperium accepit; Astyochus vero decedebat.

[2] Cum eo autem Tissaphernes quemdam ex iis, quos secum habebat, Gauliten nomine, Carem utriusque linguae gnarum, legatum misit, qui Milesios de castello accusaret, et siinnl se purgaret, quum sciret, et Milesios illuc proficisci eo potissimum animo, ut in se inveherentur, et Ilermocratem cum iis , qui demonstraturus erat, Tissaphernem cum Alcibiade res Peloponnesiorum labefactare, et ancipitis fidei esse.

[3] Inimicitiae autem ei cum illo semper intercedebaut propter stipendii solutionem; ao tandem, quum Hermocratcs Syracusis exsul factus esset aliique duces Miletum ad Syracusanorum classem venissent, Potamis et Myscoct Demarchus, instabat Tissaphernes Her-mocrati jam exsulanti multo etiam acrius, eique quum alia crimini dabat, tum vero, quod, quum aliquando pecuniam a se postulasset, nec impetrasset, inimicitias secum ideo suscepisset.

[4] Itaque Astyochus quidem et Milesii et Hennocrates Lacedaemonem petierunt, Alcibiades vero jam a Tissapherne Samum redierat.

Nel tempo appunto che nel campo peloponnesio bollivano questi mali umori contro Astioco e contro Tissaferne , arrivò da Sparta Mindaro per succedere nell’ammiragliato ad Astioco, c rccossi in mano il comando. Astioco imbarcò per andarsene ; e Tissaferne spedì con lui in qualità d’ambasciatore un tale del suo seguito, per nome Ganlete, della Caria, perito delle due lingue, il quale accusasse i Milesii del fatto del castello, ed insieme purgasse lui dalle imputazioni che gli venivano date : perchè sapeva bene che anche i Milesii si erano messi in cammino col fíne principalmente di querelarlo, in compagnia d' Ermocrate che dovea denunziarlo come uomo doppio ed unito con Alcibiade a rovinar le cose dei Peloponnesi. Qui è da sapere che Ermocrate nutriva mai sempre l’inimicizia conceputa con Tissaferne a cagion del pagamento degli stipendii. E in ultimo quando e1 fu bandito da Siracusa, e vennero a Mileto pel comando delle navi siracusane altri generali, cioè, Potami, Miscone e Demarco, Tissaferne si mise con più ardore a perseguitarlo come bandito, e fra laltre lo incolpava che si fosse fitto in testa d’odiar lui, da che chiesti una volta i denari non gli avea ottenuti. Astioco adunque , i Milesii ed Ermocrate s'imbarcarono per Sparta, ed Alcibiade già da Tissaferne era ripassato a Samo.