Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Adolf Wahrmund (Translator), 2.16

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Es halten also die Athener meist selbständig für sich auf
dem Lande gewohnt, und da auch nach ihrer Vereinigung, sowohl in
der älteren Zeit, als noch bis auf diesen Krieg herab, die Mehrzahl
gemäß der alten Sitte aus dein Lande ihre vollständige häusliche
Einrichtung hatte und auch selbst dort wohnte, so ging der Umzug
nicht ohne Schwierigkeit vor sich, zumal es noch nicht lange her war,
daß sie nach Beendigung der Perserkriege sich wieder häuslich
eingerichtet hatten; sondern es war ihnen empfindlich und unangenehm, die
Häuser und Tempel, die sie aus den Zeiten der alten Staatsverfassung
her durchweg als von den Vätern ererbt betrachteten, verlassen und
ihre ganze Lebensweise ändern zu sollen, und es dünkte einem Jeden
nicht anders, als ob er seine Vaterstadt verlassen müsse.

History of the Peloponnesian War. Thucydides. Adolf Wahrmund (Translator). Stuttgart. 1864.

Current edition First1KGreek

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs (German) (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Wahrmund, Adolf, translator. Stuttgart: Krais and Hoffmann, 1864.)

Editions (1)

Ἱστορίαι Perseus (Thucydides. Historiae, Vol 1-2. Jones, Henry Stuart, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1910. (1942 printing).) — 2.16.1 focus

[1] τῇ τε οὖν ἐπὶ πολὺ κατὰ τὴν χώραν αὐτονόμῳ οἰκήσει μετεῖχον οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι, καὶ ἐπειδὴ ξυνῳκίσθησαν, διὰ τὸ ἔθος ἐν τοῖς ἀγροῖς ὅμως οἱ πλείους τῶν τε ἀρχαίων καὶ τῶν ὕστερον μέχρι τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου γενόμενοί τε καὶ οἰκήσαντες οὐ ῥᾳδίως πανοικεσίᾳ τὰς μεταναστάσεις ἐποιοῦντο, ἄλλως τε καὶ ἄρτι ἀνειληφότες τὰς κατασκευὰς μετὰ τὰ Μηδικά·

[2] ἐβαρύνοντο δὲ καὶ χαλεπῶς ἔφερον οἰκίας τε καταλείποντες καὶ ἱερὰ ἃ διὰ παντὸς ἦν αὐτοῖς ἐκ τῆς κατὰ τὸ ἀρχαῖον πολιτείας πάτρια δίαιτάν τε μέλλοντες μεταβάλλειν καὶ οὐδὲν ἄλλο ἢ πόλιν τὴν αὑτοῦ ἀπολείπων ἕκαστος.

Translations (10)

The History of the Grecian War Perseus (Thucydides. The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury. Hobbes, Thomas. translator. London: John Bohn, 1843.) — 2.16.1 focus

[1] The Athenians therefore had lived a long time governed by laws of their own country towns and, after they were brought into one, were nevertheless (both for the custom which most had, as well of the ancient time as since till the Persian war, to live in the country with their whole families; and also especially for that since the Persian war they had already repaired their houses and furniture) unwilling to remove.

[2] It pressed them likewise and was heavily taken besides their houses to leave the things that pertained to their religion (which, since their old form of government, were become patrial) and to change their manner of life and to be no better than banished every man his city.

History of the Peloponnesian War Perseus (Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Crawley, Richard, translator. London and Toronto: J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd.; New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1914.) — 2.16.1 focus

[1] The Athenians thus long lived scattered over Attica in independent townships. Even after the centralization of Theseus, old habit still prevailed; and from the early times down to the present war most Athenians still lived in the country with their families and households, and were consequently not at all inclined to move now, especially as they had only just restored their establishments after the Median invasion.

[2] Deep was their trouble and discontent at abandoning their houses and the hereditary temples of the ancient constitution, and at having to change their habits of life and to bid farewell to what each regarded as his native city.

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs First1KGreek (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Braun, Theodor, translator. Leipzig: Insel-Verlag, 1917.) — 2.16 focus

Da die Athener so lange als ihre eigenen Herren auf
dem Lande gelebt und auch nach ihrer Vereinigung sowohl in
älterer Zeit als auch später noch bis zu diesem Kriege dort
vielfach nach alter Gewohnheit nicht nur ihre eingerichteten
Wohnungen gehabt, sondern auch wirklich gewohnt hatten, wurde
ihnen dieser Aufbruch schwer genug, zumal sie sich dort nach
dem Perserkriege eben erst wieder häuslich eingerichtet hatten.
Es wollte ihnen nicht in den Sinn und war ihnen schmerzlich,
sich von ihren Häusern und den ihnen aus der Zeit der älteren
Verfassung immer ehrwürdig und teuer gebliebenen Heiligtümern
zu trennen und sich völlig umleben zu müssen; ja es kam ihnen
allen gradezu wie ein Abschied von der Heimat vor.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponèse First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése, Vol. 1-2. Zévort, Marie Charles, translator. Paris: Charpentier, 1852.) — 2.16 focus

XVI. Ainsi les Athéniens vécurent longtemps à la campagne, disséminés et indépendants. Lors même qu’ils furent réunis, la plupart d'entre eux, par habitude, continuèrent à rester aux champs ; leurs successeurs y restèrent, à leur exemple, et y vécurent en famille ; et cela jusqu’à la guerre actuelle. Aussi n’étaitce pas sans peine qu’ils abandonnaient leurs demeures ; il y avait si peu de temps d'ailleurs qu’ils s’y étaient réinstallés après la guerre médique ! Il leur était douloureux et cruel de quitter des lieux sacrés, des habitations où ils avaient conservé les moeurs antiques, et que l’habitude leur avait fait de tous temps considérer comme une patrie. Il leur fallait changer de genre de vie, et ce n'était rien moins pour chacun d’eux qu’un exil loin de la ville natale.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése. Bétant, Élie-Ami, translator. Paris: Librairie de L. Hachette, 1863.) — 2.16 focus

Ainsi, pendant longtemps, les Athéniens habitèrent d’une manière indépendante le territoire de l’Attique; et, même après leur concentration, ils gardèrent invariablement, jusqu’à cette guerre, l’habitude de vivre aux champs avec leurs familles. Ce ne fut donc pas sans un vif déplaisir qu’ils abandonnèrent leurs foyers, d’autant plus qu’ils avaient réparé depuis peu les dommages occasionnés par les guerres médi-ques. Ils quittaient à regret des habitations et des temples auxquels les attachait une longue possession; ils allaient renoncer à leur manière de vivre et semblaient chacun dire adieu à leur ville natale.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides, Vol. 1-4. Smith, Charles Foster, translator. London and Cambridge, MA: Heinemann and Harvard University Press, 1919-1923.) — 2.16.1 focus

[1] Because, then, of their long-continued life of independence in the country districts, most of the Athenians of early times and of their descendants down to the time of this war, from force of habit, even after their political union with the city, continued to reside, with their households, in the country where they had been born; and so they did not find it easy to move away, especially since they had only recently finished restoring their establishments after the Persian war.

[2] They were dejected and aggrieved at having to leave their homes and the temples which had always been theirs,—relics, inherited from their fathers, of their original form of government—and at the prospect of changing their mode of life, and facing what was nothing less for each of them than forsaking his own town.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides. The history of the Peloponnesian War, Volume 1-2. Dale, Henry, translator. London: Heinemann and Henry G. Bohn, 1851-1852.) — 2.16.1 focus

[1] For a long time then the Athenians enjoyed their independent life in the country; and after they were united, still, from the force of habit, the generality of them at that early period, and even afterwards, down to the time of this war, having with all their families settled and lived in the country, did not remove without reluctance, (especially as they had but lately recovered their establishments after the Median war,) but were distressed and grieved to leave their houses, and the temples which, according to the spirit of the ancient constitution, had always been regarded by them as the ¹ places of their hereditary worship;

[2] going, as they now were, to change their mode of life, and ² each of them doing what was equivalent to leaving his native city.

Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci First1KGreek (Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci. Haase, Friedrich, translator. Paris: Firmin Didot, 1869.) — 2.16.1 focus

[1] Athenienses igitur et'ante diu in agris suo jure ac liberi vivebant, et postquam in unam urbem contributi sunt, ob illum in agris agendi morem plerique tam priorum quam posteriorum ad hoc usque bellum cum tota familia in agris fuerant, et habitarant, eamque ob causam non facile migrabant, praesertim quum nuper demum post bellum Medicum suam supellectilem recepissent;

[2] sed graviter et iniquo animo ferebant, quod et penates deseruissent et sacra, quae plane ipsis a pristino statu suae civitatis patria erant, et quod vitae genus essent mutaturi, et nihil aliud quam relinquerent suam quisque patriam.

Vier Staatsreden aus Thucydides First1KGreek (Thucydides. Vier Staatsreden aus Thucydides. Gürsching, Heinrich, translator. Augsburg: Wirth, 1856.) — 2.35.1 focus

[1] Wenn es bisher bei den Rednern an dieser Stätte fast allgemeiner Brauch geworden, den Mann zu rühmen, der mit der Bestattung diese Rede verband, weil an dem Grabe gefallener Krieger ein ehrendes Wort sich zieme, so würde ich es für hinreichend gehalten haben, dass man Helden der That mit einer festlichen Handlung ehre, — wie das denn der Staat durch die Bestattung gethan hat, deren Zeugen ihr so eben gewesen — und würde die Verherrlichung so vieler Männer nicht einem Einzelnen und der zufälligen Wirkung seines Vortrags anheimgegeben haben.

La storia di Tucidide First1KGreek (Thucydides. Della storia di Tucidide volgarizzata libri otto. Anonymous translator. Florence: Tipografia Galileiana, 1835.) — 2.16 focus

Gli Ateniesi adunque da lungo tempo praticavano insieme, abitando ciascuno colle proprie costumanze alla campagna, e per questa abitudine , anche dopo essere stati riuniti in un sol corpo di cittadinanza , i più , sì degli antichi che dei loro discendenti, sino al tempo di questa guerra, restati con tutta la famiglia ad abitare in campagna , non sapevano indursi a sgombrare : tanto più che di fresco, dopo il guasto dei Medi, avevano riordinato i loro fondi. Anzi erano afflitti, e di mal animo sopportavano il dovere abbandonare le abitazioni ed i templi, che per loro, a cagione dell’antico modo di governarsi, erano sempre i patrii: e trovandosi sul punto di cambiar tenore di vita, ciò per ognuno di loro altro non era che un lasciare la sua patria stessa.

Commentary

Commentary on Thucydides Book 2 (Thucydides, Book II. Marchant, Edgar C., editor. London: Macmillan and Company, 1891.) focus

Τῇ ... οἰκήσει —causal, with γενόμενοι καὶ οἰκήσαντες. δ’ οὖν—resumes from c. 14. ἐπὶ πολὺ —temporal.

αὐτονόμῳ —independent of any capital.

καὶ —‘even.’

ὅμως — answers καὶ and may be omitted in translating.

οἱ πλείους —restricting οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι. πανοικεσίᾳ γενόμενοί τε καὶ οἰκήσαντες—all go closely together, ‘having been born and having lived with their whole family.’

ἀνειληφότες —having recovered from the effects of the Persian Invasion, when they had abandoned their homes. Not merely ‘had restored their homes,’ which took them only a short time. Cf. VI. 26, where it is said that Athens in 415 ἄρτι ἀνειλήφει ἑαυτὴν ἀπὸ τῆς νόσου καὶ τοῦ ξυνεχοῦς πολέμου.

Κατὰ τὸ ἀρχαῖον —lit. ‘according to early custom,’ ‘primitive,’ not τὸ ἀρχαῖον ‘in early times,’ ‘ancient.’ The early πόλις was held together mainly as a religious union, with its local cult.

ἀπολείπων —joined to preceding plural, and might have been ἀπολείποντες. Cf. c. 65, 10.

Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 2.16

Adolf Wahrmund (Translator)

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