Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, Marie Charles Zévort (Translator), 6.59

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LIX. C'est ainsi qu’un dépit amoureux donna naissance à complot, et qu’une terreur subite jeta Harmodius et Aristogiton dans une entreprise plus audacieuse que raisonnée : Une plus dure tyrannie s’appesantit dès lors sur les Athéniens. Hippias, devenu plus défiant, fit périr un grand nombre de citoyens et commença à jeter ses regards au dehors pour voir s’il ne pourrait pas, en cas de révolution, se ménager quelque refuge. Il donna en conséquence sa fille Archédice à Éantidès, fils d Hippoclès, tyran de Lampsaque, — lui, Athénien, à un homme de Lampsaque! — parce qu’il savait que cette famille jouissait d’un grand crédit auprès de Darius. On voit à Lampsaque le tombeau d'Archédice, avec cette inscription : « Cette poussière couvre Archédice, fille d’Hippias, homme éminent parmi les Grecs ses contemporains. Fille, femme, soeur, mère de tyrans, un fol orgueil n’aveugla point son âme. »

Hippias exerça encore trois ans la tyrannie à Athènes. La quatrième année¹, il en fut dépossédé par les Lacédémoniens et les Alcméonides exilés. Il se retira, sous la foi publique², à Sigée³, puis auprès d’Éantidès, à Lampsaque, et de là à la cour de Darius. Vingt ans plus tard, il fit, avec les Mèdes, dans un âge déjà avancé, la campagne de Marathon.

History of the Peloponnesian War. Thucydides. Marie Charles Zévort (Translator). Paris. 1852.

Current edition First1KGreek

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponèse (French) (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése, Vol. 1-2. Zévort, Marie Charles, translator. Paris: Charpentier, 1852.)

Editions (1)

Ἱστορίαι Perseus (Thucydides. Historiae, Vol 1-2. Jones, Henry Stuart, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1910. (1942 printing).) — 6.59.1 focus

[1] τοιούτῳ μὲν τρόπῳ δι’ ἐρωτικὴν λύπην ἥ τε ἀρχὴ τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς καὶ ἡ ἀλόγιστος τόλμα ἐκ τοῦ παραχρῆμα περιδεοῦς Ἁρμοδίῳ καὶ Ἀριστογείτονι ἐγένετο.

[2] τοῖς δ’ Ἀθηναίοις χαλεπωτέρα μετὰ τοῦτο ἡ τυραννὶς κατέστη, καὶ ὁ Ἱππίας διὰ φόβου ἤδη μᾶλλον ὢν τῶν τε πολιτῶν πολλοὺς ἔκτεινε καὶ πρὸς τὰ ἔξω ἅμα διεσκοπεῖτο, εἴ ποθεν ἀσφάλειάν τινα ὁρῴη μεταβολῆς γενομένης ὑπάρχουσάν οἱ.

[3] Ἱππόκλου γοῦν τοῦ Λαμψακηνοῦ τυράννου Αἰαντίδῃ τῷ παιδὶ θυγατέρα ἑαυτοῦ μετὰ ταῦτα Ἀρχεδίκην Ἀθηναῖος ὢν Λαμψακηνῷ ἔδωκεν, αἰσθανόμενος αὐτοὺς μέγα παρὰ βασιλεῖ Δαρείῳ δύνασθαι. καὶ αὐτῆς σῆμα ἐν Λαμψάκῳ ἐστὶν ἐπίγραμμα ἔχον τόδε·

ἀνδρὸς ἀριστεύσαντος ἐν Ἑλλάδι τῶν ἐφ’ ἑαυτοῦ

Ἱππίου Ἀρχεδίκην ἥδε κέκευθε κόνις,

ἣ πατρός τε καὶ ἀνδρὸς ἀδελφῶν τ’ οὖσα τυράννων

παίδων τ’ οὐκ ἤρθη νοῦν ἐς ἀτασθαλίην.

[4] τυραννεύσας δὲ ἔτη τρία Ἱππίας ἔτι Ἀθηναίων καὶ παυθεὶς ἐν τῷ τετάρτῳ ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Ἀλκμεωνιδῶν τῶν φευγόντων, ἐχώρει ὑπόσπονδος ἔς τε Σίγειον καὶ παρ᾽ Αἰαντίδην ἐς Λάμψακον, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ὡς βασιλέα Δαρεῖον, ὅθεν καὶ ὁρμώμενος ἐς Μαραθῶνα ὕστερον ἔτει εἰκοστῷ ἤδη γέρων ὢν μετὰ Μήδων ἐστράτευσεν.

Translations (9)

The History of the Grecian War Perseus (Thucydides. The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury. Hobbes, Thomas. translator. London: John Bohn, 1843.) — 6.59.1 focus

[1] Thus was the enterprise first undertaken upon quarrel of love, and then upon a sudden fear followed this unadvised adventure of Harmodius and Aristogeiton.

[2] And after this time the tyranny grew sorer to the Athenians than it had been before. And Hippias, standing more in fear, not only put many of the citizens to death, but also cast his eye on the states abroad to see if he might get any security from them in this alteration at home.

[3] He therefore afterwards (though an Athenian and to a Lampsacen) gave his daughter Archedice unto Aeantidas, the son of Hippocles, tyrant of Lampsacus, knowing that the Lampsacens were in great favour with King Darius. And her sepulchre is yet to be seen with this inscription:

Archedice, the daughter of King Hippias,

Who in his time

Of all the potentates of Greece was prime,

This dust doth hide.

Daughter, wife, sister, mother unto kings she was,

Yet free from pride.

[4] And Hippias, after he had reigned three years more in Athens, and was in the fourth deposed by the Lacedaemonians and the exiled Alcmaeonides, went under truce to Sigeium, and to Aeantidas at Lampsacus, and thence to King Darius; from whence, twenty years after in his old age, he came to Marathon with the Medan army.

History of the Peloponnesian War Perseus (Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Crawley, Richard, translator. London and Toronto: J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd.; New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1914.) — 6.59.1 focus

[1] In this way offended love first led Harmodius and Aristogiton to conspire, and the alarm of the moment to commit the rash action recounted.

[2] After this the tyranny pressed harder on the Athenians, and Hippias, now grown more fearful, put to death many of the citizens, and at the same time began to turn his eyes abroad for a refuge in case of revolution.

[3] Thus, although an Athenian, he gave his daughter, Archedice, to a Lampsacene, Aeantides, son of the tyrant of Lampsacus , seeing that they had great influence with Darius. And there is her tomb in Lampsacus with this inscription:—

Archedice lies buried in this earth,

Hippias her sire, and Athens gave her birth;

Unto her bosom pride was never known,

Though daughter, wife, and sister to the throne.

[4] Hippias, after reigning three years longer over the Athenians was deposed in the fourth by the Lacedaemonians and the banished Alcmaeonidae, and went with a safe conduct to Sigeum, and to Aeantides at Lampsacus , and from thence to King Darius; from whose court he set out twenty years after, in his old age, and came with the Medes to Marathon.

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs First1KGreek (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Wahrmund, Adolf, translator. Stuttgart: Krais and Hoffmann, 1864.) — 6.59 focus

Aus diese Art wurde Liebesschmerz die Veranlassung zu
der Verschwörung, und die Ausführung jenes unbesonnenen
Wagnisses ging aus der plötzlichen Furcht hervor, die den Harmodios und
Aristogeiton erfaßte. Für die Athener aber wurde die
Zwingherrschaft danach viel drückender, und Hippias, der jetzt schon in größerer
Furcht schwebte, tödtete Viele aus den Bürgern und schaute sich
zugleich im Ausland um, ob er irgendwo für den Fall einer
Umwälzung einen sicheren Zufluchtsort für sich finden könnte. Und so gab
er denn auch dem Aiantidas, dem Sohn des HippokleS, des
Tyrannen von Lampsakos, seine Tochter Archedike zur Frau, obgleich er
ein Athener, jener ein Lampsakener war, denn er hatte erfahren, daß
jene beim Perserkönig sehr viel vermochten. Archedike hat auch zu
Lampsakos ein Denkmal, das folgende Inschrift trägt:
Allhier ruhet der Staub der Archedike, Hippias Tochter,
Der in hellenischem Volk mächtig einst ragte empor.
Vater, Gemahl zwar und Brüder, wie Söhn' auch, erglänzten als
Herrscher,
Aber zu frevelndem Sinn' hob sich ihr nie das Gemüth.
Hippias behauptete die Zwingherrschaft über die Athener noch drei
Jahre, und im vierten wurde er durch die Lakedämonier und die
verbannten Alkmäoniden gestürzt und begab sich unter dem Schutze
eines Vertrages nach Sigeion und Lampsakos zum Aiantidas und
von da an den Hof des Königs Dareios, von wo er auch im
zwanzigsten Jahr danach, als er schon ein alter Mann war, mit den
Medern den Feldzug nach Marathon mitmachte.

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs First1KGreek (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Braun, Theodor, translator. Leipzig: Insel-Verlag, 1917.) — 6.59 focus

So war es gekränkte Liebe, was den ersten Anlaß zu der
Verschwörung gab, und plötzliche Furcht, wodurch Harmodios
und Aristogeiton zu dieser unbesonnenen Ausführung ihres
Unternehmens bestimmt wurden. Seit der Zeit aber lastete
die Herrschaft der Tyrannen schwerer auf den Athenern, und
Hippias, der jetzt ängstlicher geworden war, ließ nicht nur
viele Bürger umbringen, sondern sah sich zu seiner Sicherheit
auch auswärts für alle Fälle nach Verbindungen um. Wenigstens
gab er seine Tochter Archedike Aiantides, dem Sohne des
Tyrannen Hippokles von Lampsakos, zur Frau, trotzdem er
ein Athener und der nur aus Lampsakos war, weil er gehört,
daß sie bei König Dareios großen Einfluß hätten. In Lamp
sakos befindet sich ihr Grabdenkmal mit folgender Inschrift:
„Diese Asche beschließt Archedike, Hippias' Tochter,
Welchen Griechenland einst unter die besten gezählt.
War sie auch Tochter und Gattin und Schwester und Mutter
von Fürsten,
Hat das ihr edeles Herz doch nicht zum Hochmut verführt."
Noch drei Jahr behauptete sich Hippias in Athen als Tyrann,
im vierten aber wurde er von den Lakedämoniern und den
aus der Verbannung zurückgekehrten Alkmäoniden vertrieben.
Nachdem man ihm freien Abzug gewährt, begab er sich erst
nach Sigeion und dann zu Aiantides nach Lampsakos, von dort
aber zum König Dareios, von wo er zwanzig Jahr später,
schon hochbetagt, den Zug der Perser nach Marathon mit
machte.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése. Bétant, Élie-Ami, translator. Paris: Librairie de L. Hachette, 1863.) — 6.59 focus

C'est ainsi qu’un chagrin d’amour donna naissance au complot, et un effroi subit au coup de main d’Harmodios et d’Aristogiton. Dès lors le joug s’appesantit sur Athènes. Hippias, devenu ombrageux, fit périr bon nombre de citoyens. En même temps il jetait les yeux au dehors, pour se ménager un asile en cas de révolution. Quoique Athénien, il donna sa fille Archédicé au tyran de Lampsaque ¹, Æantidès fils d’Hippoclos, parce que cette famille jouissait d’un grand crédit auprès du roi Darius. On montre encore à Lampsaque le sépulcre d’Ar-chédicé, portant cette épitaphe² :

Cette poussière couvre Archédicé, fille d’Hippias, de l’homme qui se distingua par-dessus tous les Grecs de son temps. Bien que fille, épouse, sœur, mère de tyrans, elle n’enfla point son cœur d’arrogance.

Hippias exerça encore trois années la tyrannie à Athènes; la quatrième il fut renversé par les Lacédémoniens et par les Alcméonides exilés³. Ils se retira d’abord à Sigée sous assurance de la foi puûlique⁴, puis à Lampsaque chez Æantidès, et finalement auprès du roi Darius.Vingt ans plus tard et déjà lieux, il accompagna les Mèdes à Marathon.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides, Vol. 1-4. Smith, Charles Foster, translator. London and Cambridge, MA: Heinemann and Harvard University Press, 1919-1923.) — 6.59.1 focus

[1] It was in such wise, for an affront in love, that the plot of Harmodius and Aristogeiton was first conceived and their reckless attempt made under the influence of their momentary alarm.

[2] After this the tyranny became harsher for the Athenians, and Hippias, being now in greater apprehension, not only put to death many of the citizens, but also began to look abroad, to see if in any quarter he might find any door of safety open to him in case of a revolution.

[3] At any rate after this he gave his own daughter Archedice in marriage to Aeantides son of Hippocles, tyrant of Lampsacus—an Athenian to a Lampsacene!—perceiving that this family had great influence with King Darius. And there is at Lampsacus a monument of her bearing this inscription:¹

This dust covers Archedice daughter of Hippias,

Who was foremost in Hellas among the men of his time:

Her father and husband, her brothers and children were tyrants,

Yet was not her mind lifted up to vainglory.

Hippias, however, after being tyrant for three years more at Athens, was then deposed² in the fourth year by the Lacedaemonians and the exiled Alcmaeonidae, and retired under truce to Sigeium, from there to Aeantides at Lampsacus, and thence to the court of King Darius;

[4] whence twenty years later, being already an old man, he went with the Persians on the expedition to Marathon.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides. The history of the Peloponnesian War, Volume 1-2. Dale, Henry, translator. London: Heinemann and Henry G. Bohn, 1851-1852.) — 6.59.1 focus

[1] In this manner both the original conspiracy was entered into by Harmodius and Aristogiton for a love offence, and their rash venture attempted through their alarm at the moment.

[2] After this, the tyranny was more severe on the Athenians than before; and Hippias, being now in greater apprehension, both put to death many of the citizens, and kept his eye also on foreign states, in whatever quarter he had a prospect of a safe retreat being secured for him, in case of any revolution.

[3] At any rate, he married his daughter Archedice to Aeantides, son of the tyrant of Lampsacus— ¹ Athenian as he was, to a Lampsacene—because he saw that they had great influence with king Darius. There is a monument to her at Lampsacus, with this inscription:

Beneath this dust Archedice finds peace,

Whose sire was Hippias, peerless once in Greece.

She, though of tyrants daughter, sister, bride,

And mother, ne'er was lifted up with pride.

[4]

With regard to Hippias, having retained the tyranny at Athens three years longer, and being deposed in the fourth year by the Lacedaemonians and the banished Alcmaeonidae he went, under treaty, to Sigeum, then to Aeantides at Lampsacus, and thence to the court of king Darius; from which also he set out twenty years after, when now an old man, and accompanied the Median forces to Marathon.

Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci First1KGreek (Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci. Haase, Friedrich, translator. Paris: Firmin Didot, 1869.) — 6.59.1 focus

[1] Hoc igitur modo propter amatoriam indignationem et conjurationis initium factum est et inconsideratum illud facinus propter repentinum metum ab Harmodio et Aristogitone susceptum est.

[2] Atheniensibus vero postea tyrannis asperior extitit, et Hippias jam sibi metuens vehementius multos cives interficiebat, et simul ad externa auxilia respiciebat, si quid alicubi praesidii cerneret, quod sibi mutato rerum statu suppeteret.

[3] Post haec igitur jEantidae Hippo-cli Lampsacenorum tyranni filio Archedicen filiam suam, Atheniensis Lampsaceno, quod eos apud regem Dareum auctoritate mullum pollere sciret, uuptum dedit. Atque tno-j oumentum ejus Lampsaci exstat, cum inscriptione ista :

Hippiae, apud Graecos qui primus vir fuit aevi,

hic pulvis prolem contegit Archedicen,

cui pater et vir erant, fratres natique tyranni,

nec tamen in fastum sustulit illa animos.

[4] Hippias autem quum tres deinceps annos tyraonidem apud Athenienses obtinuisset et quarto a Lacedaemoniis, et Alcmaeonidis exsulibus imperio spoliatus esset, fide publica impetrata Sigeum et inde Lampsacum ad Aeantiden discedebat, illinc vero ad regem Dareum, unde postea profectus anno vicesimo jam senex cum Medis ad Marathonem militavit.

La storia di Tucidide First1KGreek (Thucydides. Della storia di Tucidide volgarizzata libri otto. Anonymous translator. Florence: Tipografia Galileiana, 1835.) — 6.59 focus

In tal maniera questa trama prese cominciamento da un disgusto amoroso , e lo sconsigliato ardire di Armodio ed Aristogitone da quel forte ed improvviso timore. Dopo questo fatto la tirannide si fece più grave agli Ateniesi. Ed lppia impaurito maggiormente fece morire molti cittadini, e portava il suo sguardo al di fuori per vedere di trovare da qualche parte di che assicurarsi, se mai succedesse una rivoluzione. Però dopo questo caso sposò la sua figliola Archedice con Eantide d’Ippocle tiranno di Lamsaco (egli ateniese con uno di Lamsaco) perchè sapeva tal famiglia essere assai potente presso il re Dario. E vi è in Lamsaco il monumento di lei con questa iscrizione :

Tal polve copre Archedice, la figlia d'Ippia, a’suoi dì fra tulli i Greci il primo;

Che sebbene di regi e figlia e suora E sposa e madre non ne andò superba. lppia tenne ancora tre anni la tirannia d’Atene ; il quarto anno ne fu spogliato dai Lacedemoni e dai banditi discendenti d’Alcmeone , e con salvocondotto si ritirò a Sigeo, quindi a Lamsaco presso Eantide, e di lì presso il re Dario, donde vent’anni dopo già vecchio partissi, e coi Medi militò a Maratona.

Notes on the current edition

History of the Peloponnesian War

1. 510 avant notre ère.

2. II rendit la citadelle, à condition que le peuple lui remettrait ses fils qu’il avait entre les mains.

3. Où réguait un de scs frères.

Commentary

Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6 (Thucydides, Book VI. Marchant, Edgar C., editor. London: Macmillan and Company, 1909.) focus

ἡ ἀλόγιστος τόλμα —‘the reckless venture,’ in con trast with the ἀρχὴ τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς which had been carefully planned. With this only goes ἐκ τοῦ παραχρῆμα περιδεοῦς: it was only the reckless venture ‘which arose out of the sudden alarm’ that the conspiracy had been revealed.

χαλεπωτέρα —Herod. and Ath. Pol. agree.

πολλοὺς ἔκτεινε — Ath. Pol. c. 19 διὰ τὸ πολλοὺς ἀνῃ ρηκέναι . . πᾶσιν ἦν ἄπιστος.

πρὸς τὰ ἔξω — i.e. for a safe refuge abroad.

μεταβολῆς —the word is common in the sense of a political change. The gen. abs. goes with ὑπάρχουσαν ‘ready in the event of . .’ For οἱ see Index.

γοῦν —‘at least,’ ‘certainly,’ giving the reason in support of the previous remark.

δύνασθαι —infin. is rare after αἰσθάνομαι. M. T. § 914. The epitaph is ascribed by Aristotle, Rhet. I. 9 to Simonides of Ceos. Ath. Pol. c. 18 says that Hipparchus was an admirer of Simonides.

ὑπὸ Αακ —see c. 53, 3.

Σίγειον —Pisistratus had placed Hegesistratus in charge of it (Herod. v. 94 ).

Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 6.59

Marie Charles Zévort (Translator)

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