Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War, 6.43.1

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[1] After this the Athenians weighed anchor and crossed over from Corcyra to Sicily with a force that was now of this strength: Of triremes there were in all one hundred and thirty-four, and two Rhodian fifty-oared galleys—one hundred of these Attic, sixty of which were swift vessels, the others transports for soldiers, the rest of the fleet being furnished by the Chians and the other allies. Of hoplites there were all together five thousand one hundred-and of these, fifteen hundred were Athenians from the muster-roll and seven hundred Thetes¹ serving as marines on the ships, and the rest allies who shared in the expedition, some from the subject— states, others from the Argives to the number of five hundred, and of Mantineans and other mercenaries two hundred and fifty. Of bowmen there were in all four hundred and eighty, and eighty of these were Cretans; of slingers, seven hundred Rhodians; one hundred and twenty light-armed Megarian exiles; and one horse-transport carrying thirty cavalry.

History of the Peloponnesian War. Thucydides. London. 1919-1923.

Funding provided by National Endownment for the Humanities.

Current edition First1KGreek

History of the Peloponnesian War (English) (Thucydides, Vol. 1-4. Smith, Charles Foster, translator. London and Cambridge, MA: Heinemann and Harvard University Press, 1919-1923.)

Editions (1)

Ἱστορίαι Perseus (Thucydides. Historiae, Vol 1-2. Jones, Henry Stuart, editor. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1910. (1942 printing).) — 6.43.1 focus

[1] μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τοσῇδε ἤδη τῇ παρασκευῇ Ἀθηναῖοι ἄραντες ἐκ τῆς Κερκύρας ἐς τὴν Σικελίαν ἐπεραιοῦντο, τριήρεσι μὲν ταῖς πάσαις τέσσαρσι καὶ τριάκοντα καὶ ἑκατόν, καὶ δυοῖν Ῥοδίοιν πεντηκοντόροιν (τούτων Ἀττικαὶ μὲν ἦσαν ἑκατόν, ὧν αἱ μὲν ἑξήκοντα ταχεῖαι, αἱ δ’ ἄλλαι στρατιώτιδες, τὸ δὲ ἄλλο ναυτικὸν Χίων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ξυμμάχων), ὁπλίταις δὲ τοῖς ξύμπασιν ἑκατὸν καὶ πεντακισχιλίοις (καὶ τούτων Ἀθηναίων μὲν αὐτῶν ἦσαν πεντακόσιοι μὲν καὶ χίλιοι ἐκ καταλόγου, ἑπτακόσιοι δὲ θῆτες ἐπιβάται τῶν νεῶν, ξύμμαχοι δὲ οἱ ἄλλοι ξυνεστράτευον, οἱ μὲν τῶν ὑπηκόων, οἱ δ’ Ἀργείων πεντακόσιοι καὶ Μαντινέων καὶ μισθοφόρων πεντήκοντα καὶ διακόσιοι), τοξόταις δὲ τοῖς πᾶσιν ὀγδοήκοντα καὶ τετρακοσίοις (καὶ τούτων Κρῆτες οἱ ὀγδοήκοντα ἦσαν) καὶ σφενδονήταις Ῥοδίων ἑπτακοσίοις, καὶ Μεγαρεῦσι ψιλοῖς φυγάσιν εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατόν, καὶ ἱππαγωγῷ μιᾷ τριάκοντα ἀγούσῃ ἱππέας.

Translations (9)

The History of the Grecian War Perseus (Thucydides. The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury. Hobbes, Thomas. translator. London: John Bohn, 1843.) — 6.43.1 focus

[1] This done, the Athenians with all their provisions put out from Corcyra towards Sicily, having with them in all one hundred and thirty-four galleys and two Rhodian long-boats of fifty oars a-piece. Of these, a hundred were of Athens itself, whereof sixty were expedite, the other forty for transportation of soldiers; the rest of the navy belonged to the Chians and other the confederates. Of men of arms they had in all five thousand one hundred. Of these, there were of the Athenians themselves fifteen hundred enrolled and seven hundred more [of the poorer sort, called] Thetes, hired for defence of the galleys. The rest were of their confederates, some of them being their subjects: of Argives there were five hundred; of Mantineans and mercenaries, two hundred and fifty. Their archers in all, four hundred and eighty, of which eighty were Cretans. Rhodian slingers they had seven hundred. Of lightarmed Megarean fugitives, one hundred and twenty; and in one vessel made for transportation of horses, thirty horsemen.

History of the Peloponnesian War Perseus (Thucydides. History of the Peloponnesian War. Crawley, Richard, translator. London and Toronto: J. M. Dent and Sons Ltd.; New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1914.) — 6.43.1 focus

[1] After this the Athenians weighed from Corcyra , and proceeded to cross to Sicily with an armament now consisting of one hundred and thirty-four galleys in all (besides two Rhodian fifty-oars) of which one hundred were Athenian vessels—sixty men-of-war, and forty troopships—and the remainder from Chios and the other allies; five thousand and one hundred heavy infantry in all, that is to say, fifteen hundred Athenian citizens from the rolls at Athens and seven hundred Thetes shipped as marines, and the rest allied troops, some of them Athenian subjects, and besides these five hundred Argives, and two hundred and fifty Mantineans serving for hire; four hundred and eighty archers in all, eighty of whom were Cretans, seven hundred slingers from Rhodes , one hundred and twenty light-armed exiles from Megara , and one horse-transport carrying thirty horses.

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs First1KGreek (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Wahrmund, Adolf, translator. Stuttgart: Krais and Hoffmann, 1864.) — 6.43 focus

Danach gingen die Athener sofort von Kerkyra aus unter
Segel und traten die Ueberfahrt nach Sieilien an, und zwar im
Ganzen mit einhundert und vierunddreißig Dreirude'rern und zwei
Rhodifchen Fahrzeugen zu fünfzig Rudern. Davon gehörten den
Athenern hundert, von denen wieder sechzig Schnellsegler, die andern
Soldatenschiffe waren; die übrige Schiffszahl vertheilte sich unter
die Chier und die andern Bundesgenossen. An Schwerbewaffneten
führten sie im Ganzen mit fünftausend einhundert. Darunter waren
von den Athenern eintausend fünfhundert aus der Dienstrolle und
siebenhundert Schiffssoldaten aus der untersten Büraerklasse ^die
übrigen, welche noch mitzogen, waren von den Bundesgenossen, und
zwar zum Theil von den Unterthanen — 2150 —, die andern
aber von den Argivern — fünfhundert — und von den Mantineern
und Miethlingen — zweihundert und fünfzig. Die Zahl aller
Bogenschützen war vierhundert und achtzig, darunter sechzig Kretenfer;
dazu noch siebenhundert Rhodische Schleuderer und einhundert und
zwanzig Verbannte aus Megara, die als Leichtbewaffnete dienten,
und ein Pferdeschiff mit dreißig Reitern.

Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs First1KGreek (Thucydides. Geschichte des Peloponnesischen Kriegs. Braun, Theodor, translator. Leipzig: Insel-Verlag, 1917.) — 6.43 focus

Hierauf brachen die Athener nun wirklich von Kerkyra
auf und fuhren nach Sizilien hinüber, und zwar in folgender
Stärke: Sie hatten im ganzen hundertvierunddreißig Trieren
und zwei rhodische Funfzigruderer, darunter hundert attische,
und zwar sechzig schnelle, die übrigen als Transportschiffe für
die Truppen, die anderen aus Chios und den übrigen Bundes
staaten, - schweres Fußvolk im ganzen fünftausendeinhundert
Mann, darunter fünfzehnhundert Athener aus der Bürgerstamm
rolle, siebenhundert aus der Klasse der Tagelöhner (Thetes) als
Seesoldaten, die übrigen teils von den abhängigen Bundes
genossen, fünfhundert Mann, von Argos und Mantinea gestellt,
und zweihundertfunfzig Söldner, - Bogenschützen im ganzen
vierhundertachtzig, davon die achtzig aus Kreta, - siebenhundert
Schleuderer aus Rhodos, hundertzwanzig leichtbewaffnete Flücht
linge aus Megara und ein für Pferde eingerichtetes Schiff mit.
dreißig Reitern an Bord.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponèse First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése, Vol. 1-2. Zévort, Marie Charles, translator. Paris: Charpentier, 1852.) — 6.43 focus

XLIII. Ces dispositions prises, les Athéniens levèrent l’ancre avec ces immenses armements, et firent voile de Corcyre vers la Sicile. Ils avaient en tout cent trente-quatre trirèmes et deux pentécontores de Rhodes; sur ce nombre, Athènes avait équipé cent bâtiments, dont soixante trirèmes légères, et le surplus pour le transport des troupes. Chio et les autres alliés fournissaient le reste de la flotte. Les hoplites étaient en tout cinq mille et cent, dont quinze cents Athéniens portés au rôle¹, et sept cents thètes, embarqués comme soldats de marine. Le reste se composait des alliés qui prenaient part à l’expédition; des contingents des peuples sujets d’Athènes, de cinq cents Argiens et de deux cent cinquante Mantinéens et merce- ² naires. De plus, trois cent quatre-vingts archers, dont quatre-vingts Cretois; sept cents frondeurs de Rhodes, et cent vingt bannis de Mégare, armés à la légère. Pour le transport des chevaux il n’y avait qu’un seul vaisseau nortant trente cavaliers.

Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése First1KGreek (Thucydides. Histoire de la Guerre du Péloponnése. Bétant, Élie-Ami, translator. Paris: Librairie de L. Hachette, 1863.) — 6.43 focus

Là-dessus les Athéniens, avec toutes leurs forces, appareillèrent de Corcyre pour la Sicile. Leur flotte se composait de cent trente-quatre trirèmes et de deux pentécontores rhodiennes. Athènes à elle seule avait fourni cent trirèmes, dont soixante légères, les autres portant des soldats; le surplus provenait de Chios et des autres alliés. Les hoplites montaient à cinq mille cent, dont quinze cents Athéniens inscrits au rôle, indépendamment de sept cents thètes ¹, soldats de marine. Le reste comprenait les troupes auxiliaires, fournies par les sujets et par les Argiens. Ces derniers avaient envoyé cinq cents hommes. Il y avait aussi deux cent cinquante Mantinéens et mercenaires, quatre cent quatre-vingts archers, dont quatre-vingts Crétois; enfin sept cents frondeursrhodiens et cent vingt bannis de Mégare, armés à la légère. Pour le transport des chevaux, il n’y avait qu’un seul bâtiment, chargé de trente cavaliers.

History of the Peloponnesian War First1KGreek (Thucydides. The history of the Peloponnesian War, Volume 1-2. Dale, Henry, translator. London: Heinemann and Henry G. Bohn, 1851-1852.) — 6.43.1 focus

[1] After this, the Athenians at length weighed anchor, and proceeded to cross over from Corcyra to Sicily, with the following force; viz.—a hundred and thirty-four triremes, in all, and two Rhodian fifty-oared galleys; (a hundred of these were Athenian vessels, sixty of which were fast sailers, the rest troop ships; the remainder of the fleet being composed of Chians, and the other allies;) of heavy-armed, in all, five thousand one hundred, (of which there were raised by the Athenians themselves fifteen hundred, and seven hundred ¹ Thetes serving as Epibatae on board the ships; the rest of those who joined the expedition being allies, some of them sent by their subjects, others by the Argives, to the number of five hundred, with two hundred and fifty Mantineans, who were also mercenaries;) of archers, in all, four hundred and eighty, (eighty of which were Cretans;) of Rhodian slingers, seven hundred; of light-armed Megareans, who were exiles, one hundred and twenty; and one horse transport, carrying thirty horses.

Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci First1KGreek (Historia Belli Peloponnesiaci. Haase, Friedrich, translator. Paris: Firmin Didot, 1869.) — 6.43.1 focus

[1] Post ha;c Athenienses jam e Corcyra solventes in Siciliam trajiciebant apparata tanto: cum triremibus universis numero centum et triginta quatuor, et duabus Rhodiis navibus, quae quinquaginta remis agebantur (harum erant Atticae centum, quarum sexaginta erant Yeloces, ceterae milites vehebant, reliqua vero classis erat Chiorum et ceterorum sociorum), militibus autem gravis armaturae universis quinquies mille et centum (atque inter hos ex ipsis quidem Atheniensibus erant mille et quingenti milites legitime conscripti, et septingenti ex infimi ordinis civibus navium defensores; reliqui vero milites erant socii, partim quidem ex populis ipsorum imperio subjectis, partim vero ex Argivis quingenti, et cx Mantineis atque mercenariis ducenti et quinquaginta), sagittariis vero universis quadringentis et octoginta (quorum Cretenses erant octoginta), et Rhodiorum funditoribus septingentis, et Megarensibus exsulibus levis armaturae centum viginti, et una nave hippa-goga, quae triginta equites vehebat.

La storia di Tucidide First1KGreek (Thucydides. Della storia di Tucidide volgarizzata libri otto. Anonymous translator. Florence: Tipografia Galileiana, 1835.) — 6.43 focus

Dopo le quali cose finalmente gli Ateniesi sciolsero da Corfù per tragittare in Sicilia con apparato si grande, cioè con cento trentaquattro triremi in tutte» e due navi di Rodi a cinquanta remi. Di queste triremi cento erano d’Atene, sessanta leggere , e quaranta per trasportar le truppe : il restante della flotta parte era de’Chii, parte degli altri alleati ; ed avevano a bordo cinquemila cento soldati gravi fra tutti. Mille cinquecento di questi erano propio del ruplo d’Atene, con più settecento servi per combattere di sulle navi. Quaqto agli altri alleati che concorsero a questa spedizione, ottocento ne vennero vassalli d’Atene, degli Argivi cinquecento, e dugento cinquanta de’ Mantineesi co mercenari. Gli arcieri erano in tutti ottanta e quattrocento, e di questi gli ottanta erano Cretesi ; e settecento fromholieri di Rodi, e centoventi banditi di Megara armati alla leggera. Una sola nave conduceva a bordo trenta cavalieri.

Notes on the current edition

History of the Peloponnesian War

1. Citizens of the lowest property-class, who served usually as oarsmen, but in extraordinary cases, as here, served as marines with hoplite armour.

Commentary

Commentary on Thucydides: Book 6 (Thucydides, Book VI. Marchant, Edgar C., editor. London: Macmillan and Company, 1909.) focus

Ῥοδίοιν —almost all MSS. give the ‐οιν form for fem. here. Yet in c. 104, 1 all have the ‐αιν form twice. The form δύο is joined with plural far more often than with dual in Thuc.; it is used several times as gen. or dat., always with plur. (Hasse, Dual in Thuc. and Xen. p. 17). Though δύο, δυοῖν is generally added to a dual (see Rutherford, New Phryn. p. 290), it is omitted when a pair is referred to (Meisterhaus, p. 163).

πεντηκοντόροιν —on these things see Gardner and Jevons, p. 652.

αἱ μὲν ἑξ —article with numerals designates them as parts of a total.

ταχεῖαι —see c. 31, 3.

Χίων —only Chios and Methymna among the ξύμμαχοι ὑπήκοοι were αὐτόνομοι and still furnished contingents to the fleet. Probably Corcyra also sent some ships. She was άπὸ ξυμμαχίας αὐτόνομος.

ὁπλίταις δὲ κτλ —the numbers are as follows: (1) Hoplites, 1500 Athenian, 500 Argives, 250 Mautinean and (other) mercenaries, 700 marines, and (therefore) 2150 subject allies, total 5100, (2) Archers, 480. (3) Slingers, 700. (4) Miscellaneo)us, 150.

ἐκ καταλόγου —see on c. 26, 2.

ἑπτακόσιοι —of these, 600 would be required for the 60 A. fast triremes. Hence, among the 24 triremes supplied by the allies, 10—requiring the remaining 100 marines—must have been fast.

θῆτες —their names never appeared in the κατάλογος. The marines were usually θῆτες.

Ἀργείων —the alliance between Athens and Argos had been renewed in June 417. καὶ < ἄλλων > μισθοφόροι Stein.

Μαντινέων —in VII. 57 Thuc. speaks of Μαντινῆς καὶ ἄλλοι Ἀρκάδων μισθοφόροι among the forces. The Arcadians are heard of as mercenaries in the Persian wars. Herod. VIII. 26 .

Μεγαρεῦσι —expelled in the party struggle of 424 B.C., when Brasidas saved Megara from falling into the hands of Athens.

ἱππέας —they are not again heard of.

Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War 6.43.1

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