Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 30.44

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[1]

annis ante quadraginta pax cum Carthaginiensibus postremo facta erat, Q. Lutatio, A. Manlio consulibus.

[2] bellum initum annis post tribus et viginti, P. Cornelio, Ti. Sempronio consulibus, finitum est septimo decimo anno, Cn. Cornelio, P. Aelio consulibus. ¹

[3] saepe postea ferunt Scipionem dixisse Ti. Claudi primum cupiditatem, deinde Cn. Corneli fuisse in mora, quo minus id bellum exitio Carthaginis finiret. ²

[4] Carthagini³ cum prima conlatio pecuniae diutino ⁴ bello exhaustis difficilis videretur, maestitiaque et fletus in curia esset, ridentem Hannibalem ferunt conspectum.

[5] cuius cum Hasdrubal Haedus risum increparet in publico fletu, cum ipse lacrimarum causa esset,

[6]

si , quem ad modum oris habitus cernitur oculis,

inquit,

sic et animus intus cerni posset, ⁵ facile vobis appareret non laeti, sed prope amentis malis cordis hunc quem increpatis risum esse; qui tamen nequaquam adeo est intempestivus quam vestrae istae absurdae atque abhorrentes lacrimae sunt.

[7]

tunc flesse decuit cum adempta sunt nobis arma, incensae naves, interdictum externis bellis; illo enim volnere concidimus. nec est cur ⁶ vos otio ⁷ vestro consultum ab Romanis credatis.

[8]

nulla magna civitas diu ⁸ quiescere potest; si foris hostem hosted non habet, domi invenit, ut praevalida corpora ab externis causis tuta videntur, sed ⁹ suis ipsa viribus onerantur.

[9]

tantum nimirum ex publicis malis sentimus quantum ad privatas res pertinet, nec in iis quicquam acrius quam pecuniae damnum stimulat.

[10]

itaque cum spolia victae Carthagini detrahebantur, cum inermem iam ac nudam destitui inter tot armatas gentes Africae cerneretis, ¹⁰ nemo ingemuit;

[11]

nunc, quia tributum ex privato conferendum est, tamquam ¹¹ in publico funere comploratis. quam vereor ne propediem sentiatis levissimo in malo vos hodie lacrimasse.

haec Hannibal apud Carthaginienses.

[12] Scipio contione advocata Masinissam ad regnum paternum Cirta oppido et ceteris urbibus agrisque quae ex regno Syphacis in populi Romani potestatem venissent adiectis donavit.

[13] Cn . Octavium classem in Siciliam ductam Cn. Cornelio consuli tradere iussit, legatos Carthaginiensium Romam proficisci, ut quae ab se ex decem legatorum sententia acta essent, ea patrum auctoritate populique iussu confirmarentur.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Ab urbe condita (Latin) (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).)

Editions (2)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 30.44 focus

[1] annis ante quadraginta pax cum Carthaginiensibus postremo facta erat Q. Lutatio, A. Manlio consulibus.

[2] bellum initum annis post tribus et viginti P. Cornelio, Ti. Sempronio consulibus, finitum est septimo decimo anno Cn. Cornelio, P. Aelio Paeto consulibus.

[3] saepe postea ferunt Scipionem dixisse Ti. Claudi primum cupiditatem, deinde Cn. Corneli fuisse in mora, quo minus id bellum exitio Carthaginis finiret.

[4] Carthagini cum prima conlatio pecuniae diutino bello exhaustis difficilis videretur, maestitiaque et fletus in curia esset, ridentem Hannibalem ferunt conspectum.

[5] cuius cum Hasdrubal Haedus risum increparet in publico fletu, cum ipse lacrimarum causa esset,

[6] “si quem ad modum oris habitus cernitur oculis” inquit, “sic et animus intus cerni posset, facile vobis appareret non laeti, sed prope amentis malis cordis hunc, quem increpatis, risum esse; qui tamen nequaquam adeo est intempestivus, quam vestrae istae absurdae atque abhorrentes lacrimae sunt.

[7] tune tunc flesse decuit, cum adempta sunt nobis arma, incensae naves, interdictum externis bellis; illo enim vulnere concidimus. nec est, cur vos otio vestro consultum ab Romanis credatis.

[8] nulla magna civitas diu quiescere potest; si foris hostem non habet, domi invenit, ut praevalida corpora ab externis causis tuta videntur, sed suis ipsa viribus onerantur.

[9] tantum nimirum ex publicis malis sentimus, quantum ad privatas res pertinet; nec in iis quicquam acrius quam pecuniae damnum stimulat.

[10] itaque cum spolia victae Carthagini detrahebantur, cum inermem iam ac nudam destitui inter tot armatas gentes Africae cerneretis, nemo ingemuit;

[11] nunc, quia tributum ex privato conferendum est, tamquam in publico funere comploratis. quam vereor, ne propediem sentiatis levissimo in malo vos hodie lacrimasse.”

[12] haec Hannibal apud Carthaginienses. Scipio contione advocata Masinissam ad regnum paternum Cirta oppido et ceteris urbibus agrisque, quae ex regno Syphacis in populi Romani potestatem venissent, adiectis donavit.

[13] Cn. Octavium classem in Siciliam ductam Cn. Cornelio consuli tradere iussit, legatos Carthaginiensium Romam proficisci, ut, quae ab se ex decem legatorum sententia acta essent, ea patrum auctoritate populique iussu confirmarentur.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Conway, Robert Seymour; Walters, Charles Flamstead; Johnson, Stephen Keymer, editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1914-1935. (Oxford Classical Texts)) — 30.44 focus

[1]

annis ante quadraginta pax cum Carthaginiensibus postremo facta erat, Q. Lutatio A. Manlio consulibus.

[2] bellum initum annis post tribus et uiginti, P. Cornelio Ti. Sempronio consulibus, finitum est septimo decimo anno, Cn. Cornelio P. Aelio consulibus.

[3] saepe postea ferunt Scipionem dixisse Ti. Claudi primum cupiditatem, deinde Cn. Corneli fuisse in mora quo minus id bellum exitio Carthaginis finiret.

[4] Carthagini cum prima conlatio pecuniae diutino bello exhaustis difficilis uideretur, maestitiaque et fletus in curia esset, ridentem Hannibalem ferunt conspectum.

[5] cuius cum Hasdrubal Haedus risum increparet in publico fletu cum ipse lacrimarum causa esset, 'si, quemadmodum oris habitus cernitur oculis', inquit 'sic et animus intus cerni posset, facile uobis appareret non laeti sed prope amentis malis cordis hunc quem increpatis risum esse;

[6] qui tamen nequaquam adeo est intempestiuus quam uestrae istae absurdae atque abhorrentes lacrimae sunt.

[7] tunc flesse decuit cum adempta sunt nobis arma, incensae naues, interdictum externis bellis; illo enim uolnere concidimus. nec est cur uos otio uestro consultum ab Romanis credatis.

[8] nulla magna ciuitas diu quiescere potest; si foris hostem non habet, domi inuenit, ut praeualida corpora ab externis causis tuta uidentur, suis ipsa uiribus onerantur.

[9] sed tantum nimirum ex publicis malis sentimus quantum ad priuatas res pertinet, nec in iis quicquam acrius quam pecuniae damnum stimulat.

[10] itaque cum spolia uictae Carthagini detrahebantur, cum inermem iam ac nudam destitui inter tot armatas gentes Africae cerneretis, nemo ingemuit:

[11] nunc quia tributum ex priuato conferendum est, tamquam in publico funere comploratis. quam uereor ne propediem sentiatis leuissimo in malo uos hodie lacrimasse.' haec Hannibal apud Carthaginienses.

[12] Scipio contione aduocata Masinissam ad regnum paternum Cirta oppido et ceteris urbibus agrisque quae ex regno Syphacis in populi Romani potestatem uenissent adiectis donauit.

[13] Cn. Octauium classem in Siciliam ductam Cn. Cornelio consuli tradere iussit, legatos Carthaginiensium Romam proficisci ut quae ab se ex decem legatorum sententia acta essent ea patrum auctoritate populique iussu confirmarentur.

Translations (3)

History of Rome Perseus (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library)) — 30.44 focus

[1]

Forty years before, in the consulship of Quintus Lutatius ¹ and Aulus Manlius, peace had last been made with the Carthaginians.

[2] The war which began twenty-three years later, in the consulship of Publius Cornelius and Tiberius Sempronius, was brought to an end in the seventeenth year, the consulship of Gnaeus Cornelius and Publius Aelius.

[3] Later Scipio often stated, so they say, that first Tiberius Claudius' thirst for fame, ² and then that of Gnaeus Cornelius had hindered him from ending that war with the destruction of Carthage. ³

At Carthage when raising money for the first ⁴ payment seemed difficult to men whose resources were drained by the long war, and in the Senate House there was mourning and weeping, they say that Hannibal was seen laughing.

[5] When Hasdrubal Haedus ⁵ upbraided him for laughing while the people wept, he being himself the cause of their tears, he said:

If the mind within us could be seen, just as expression of face is seen by our eyes, it would readily be clear to you that this laughter which you upbraid is not that of a happy spirit but of one almost beside itself through misfortunes.

[6]

Nevertheless it is by no means so untimely as are those senseless, misplaced tears of yours.

[7]

The time for us to weep was when our arms were taken from us, our ships burned, foreign wars forbidden; for that wound was fatal to us. And you have no reason to believe that the Romans had regard for your domestic peace. No great state can long be in peace.

[8]

If it lacks an enemy abroad it finds one at home, just as powerful bodies seem protected against infection from without, but are of themselves weighed down by their very strength.

[9]

Of course we feel only so much of the public misfortunes as bears upon our private concerns, and in these nothing has so painful a sting as the loss of money.

[10]

Hence when the spoils were being stripped from vanquished Carthage, although you saw her placed, now unarmed and naked, in the midst of so many armed tribes of Africa, no one moaned, while now because tribute must be raised from private ⁶ property you are mourners, as it were, at a public funeral.

[11]

How much I fear you will very soon be aware that today you have wept over a very slight misfortune!

So spoke Hannibal to the Carthaginians.

[12] Scipio summoned an assembly and assigning to him his father's kingdom, presented Masinissa with the city of Cirta ⁷ in addition and the rest of the cities and lands which, he said, had passed from the kingdom of Syphax into the power of the Roman people.

[13] He ordered Gnaeus Octavius to take the fleet to Sicily and turn it over to Gnaeus Cornelius, the consul; also the Carthaginian envoys to go to Rome, in order that all his acts on the advice of his ten legati might be confirmed by the authority of the senate and command of the people.

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 30.44 focus

[1]

The last peace with the Carthaginians was made forty years before this, in the consulate of Quintus Lutatius and Aulus Manlius.

[2] The war commenced twenty-three years afterwards, in the consulate of Publius Cornelius and Tiberius Sempronius. It was concluded in the seventeenth year, in the consulate of Cneius Cornelius and Publius Aelius Paetus.

[3] It is related that Scipio frequently said afterwards, that first the ambition of Tiberius Claudius, and afterwards of Cneius Cornelius, were the causes which prevented his terminating the war by the destruction of Carthage.

[4] The Carthaginians, finding difficulty in raising the first sum of money to be paid, as their finances were exhausted by a protracted war, and in consequence great lamentation and grief arising in the senate-house, it is said that Hannibal was observed laughing;

[5] and when Hasdrubal Haedus rebuked him for laughing amid the public grief, when he himself was the occasion of the tears which were shed, he said:

If, as the expression of the countenance is discerned by the sight, so the inward feelings of the mind could be distinguished, it would clearly appear to you that that laughter which you censure came from a heart not elated with joy, but frantic with misfortunes.

[6]

And yet it is not so ill-timed as those absurd and inconsistent tears of yours. Then you ought to have wept, when our arms were taken from us, our ships burnt, and we were forbidden to engage in foreign wars, for that was the wound by which we fell.

[7]

Nor is it just that you should suppose that the measures which the Romans have adopted towards you have been dictated by animosity.

[8]

No great state can remain at rest long together. If it has no enemy abroad it finds one at home, in the same manner as over-robust bodies seem secure from external causes, but are encumbered with their own strength.

[9]

So far, forsooth, we are affected with the public calamities as they reach our private affairs; nor is there any circumstance attending them which is felt more acutely than the loss of money.

[10]

Accordingly, when the spoils were torn down from vanquished Carthage, when you beheld her left unarmed and defenseless amid so many armed nations of Africa, none heaved a sigh.

[11]

Now, because a tribute is to be levied from private property, you lament with one accord, as though at the funeral of the state. How much do I dread lest you should soon be made sensible that you have shed tears this day for the lightest of your misfortunes!

Such were the sentiments which Hannibal delivered to the Carthaginians.

[12] Scipio, having summoned an assembly, presented Masinissa, in addition to his paternal dominions, with the town of Cirta, and the other cities and territories which had passed from the kingdom of Syphax into the possession of the Romans.

[13] He ordered Cneius Octavius to conduct the fleet to Sicily and deliver it to Cneius Cornelius the consul, and directed the Carthaginian ambassadors to go to Rome, that the arrangements he had made, with the advice of the ten deputies, might be ratified by the sanction of the fathers and the order of the people.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 30.44 focus

[1]

The last time peace was concluded with Carthage was in the consulship of Q. Lutatius and A. Manlius, forty years previously.

[2] Twenty-three years afterwards the war began in the consulship of P. Cornelius and Tiberius Sempronius. It ended in the consulship of Cnaeus Cornelius and P. Aelius Paetus, seventeen years later.

[3] Tradition tells of a remark which Scipio is said to have frequently made to the effect that it was owing to the jealous ambition of Tiberius Claudius and afterwards to that of Cnaeus Cornelius that the war did not end with the destruction of Carthage.

[4] Carthage found a difficulty in meeting the first instalment of the war indemnity as her treasury was exhausted. There was lamentation and weeping in the senate and in the middle of it all Hannibal is said to have been seen smiling.

[5] Hasdrubal Haedus rebuked him for his mirth amid the nation's tears. "If," Hannibal replied, "you could discern my inmost thoughts as plainly as you can tell the expression of my countenance you would easily discover that this laughter which you find fault with does not proceed from a merry heart but from one almost demented with misery. All the same, it is very far from being so ill-timed as those foolish and misplaced tears of yours.

[6] The proper time to weep was when we were deprived of our arms, when our ships were burnt, when we were interdicted from all war beyond our frontiers.

[7] That is the wound that will prove fatal. There is not the slightest reason for supposing that the Romans are consulting your peace and quietness.

[8] No great State can remain quiet; if it has no enemy abroad it finds one at home, just as excessively strong men, whilst seemingly safe from outside mischief, fall victims to the burden of their own strength.

[9] Of course we only feel public calamities so far as they affect us personally, and nothing in them gives us a sharper pang than the loss of money. When the spoils of victory were being dragged away from Carthage when you saw yourselves left naked and defenceless amidst an Africa in arms, nobody uttered a groan;

[10] now because you have to contribute to the indemnity from your private fortunes you lament as loudly as though you were present at your country's funeral.

[11] I greatly fear that you will very soon find that it is the least of your misfortunes which you are shedding tears over today." Such was the way in which Hannibal spoke to the Carthaginians.

[12] Scipio summoned his troops to assembly, and in the presence of the whole army rewarded Masinissa by adding to his ancestral realm the town of Cirta and the other cities and districts which had belonged to the dominion of Syphax and had passed under the rule of Rome.

[13] Cnaeus Octavius received instructions to take the fleet to Sicily and hand it over to the consul Cnaeus Cornelius. Scipio told the Carthaginian envoys to start for Rome in order that the arrangements he had made in consultation with the ten commissioners might receive the sanction of the senate and the formal order of the people.

Notes on the current edition

Ab urbe condita

1. consulibus, preceded by a cognomen Paeto (peto) BA3 N3 JV Froben 2, Eds .: om. by CK Aldus, Conway.

2. finiret CA3 N3 VJ Froben 2, Eds .: -retur BN3 2 k Aldus.

3. Carthagini BA3 N3 Eds.: -ne C: -niensibus A 6 VJK (-nens-) Aldus , Froben.

4. A.U.C. 553

5. posset CBV Froben 2: potuisset A3 N3 JK Aldus.

6. Nec est cur Madvig , recent Eds.: nec est causa cur Weissenborn : necesse est ne CB: necesse in B 1 ? A3 N3 VJK: nec esse in Aldus , Froben.

7. otio c Eds. odio BA3 N3 VJK Aldus, Froben.

8. diu cx Aldus, Froben: om. BA3 N3 VJK.

9. sed BA3 N3 VJK Eds.: Johnson would delete: Conway placed Sed at beginning of next sentence, following C, which however om. suis . . .onerantur.

10. cerneretis BA3 N3 VJK: -netis A3 : -natis C: -nebatis schenkl .

11. A.U.C. 553

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 30.44

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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