Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 29.19

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[1]

haec cum ab legatis dicta essent, quaesissetque ab iis Q. Fabius detulissentne eas querellas ad P. Scipionem, responderunt missos legatos esse, sed eum belli apparatu occupatum esse et in Africam aut iam traiecisse aut intra paucos dies traiecturum;

[2] et legati gratia quanta esset apud imperatorem expertos esse, cum inter eum et tribunos tribunes cognita causa tribunos tribunes¹ in vincla coniecerit, legatum aeque sontem aut magis etiam in ea potestate reliquerit.

[3] iussis excedere templo legatis, non Pleminius modo, sed etiam Scipio principum orationibus lacerari. ante omnes Q. Fabius natum eum ² ad conrumpendam disciplinam militarem arguere;

[4] sic et in Hispania plus prope per ³ seditionem militum quam bello amissum. externo et regio more et indulgere ⁴ licentiae militum et saevire in eos.

[5] sententiam deinde aeque trucem orationi adiecit: Pleminium legatum vinctum Romam deportari placere et ex vinculis causam dicere ac, si vera forent quae Locrenses quererentur, in carcere necari bonaque eius publicari;

[6] P. Scipionem, quod de provincia decessisset iniussu senatus, revocari, agique cum tribunis plebis ut de imperio eius abrogando ferrent ad populum; Locrensibus coram senatum respondere quas iniurias sibi factas quererentur, eas ⁵ neque senatur neque populum Romanum ⁶ factas velle;

[7] viros bonos sociosque et amicos eos appellari; liberos, ⁷ coniuges quaeque alia erepta essent restitui; pecuniam quanta ex thensauris Proserpinae sublata esset conquiri, duplamque pecuniam in thensauros reponi,

[8] et sacrum piaculare fieri ita ⁸ ut prius ad conlegium pontificum referretur, quod sacri thensauri moti, aperti, ⁹ violati essent, quae piacula, quibus deis, quibus hostiis fieri placeret;

[9] milites qui ¹⁰ Locris essent omnes in Siciliam transportari; quattuor cohortes sociorum Latini nominis in praesidium Locros adduci.

[10] perrogari eo die sententiae accensis studiis pro Scipione et adversus Scipionem ¹¹ non potuere. ¹²

[11] praeter Plemini facinus Locrensiumque cladem ipsius etiam imperatoris non Romanus modo sed ne militaris quidem cultus iactabatur:

[12] cum pallio crepidisque inambulare in gymnasio; libellis eum palaestraeque operam dare; aeque segniter molliterque ¹³ cohortem totam Syracusarum amoenitate frui;

[13] Carthaginem atque Hannibalem excidisse de memoria; exercitum omnem licentia corruptum, qualis Sucrone in Hispania fuerit, qualis nunc Locris, sociis magis quam hosti metuendum.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Ab urbe condita (Latin) (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).)

Editions (2)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 29.19 focus

[1] haec cum ab legatis dicta essent, quaesissetque ab iis Q. Fabius, detulissentne eas querellas ad P. Scipionem, responderunt missos legatos esse, sed eum belli apparatu occupatum esse et in Africam aut iam traiecisse aut intra paucos dies traiecturum; et legati gratia quanta esset apud imperatorem,

[2] expertos esse, cum inter eum et tribunos cognita causa tribunos in vincla coniecerit, legatum aeque sontem aut magis etiam in ea potestate reliquerit.

[3] iussis excedere templo legatis, non Pleminius modo, sed etiam Scipio principum orationibus lacerari. ante omnes Q. Fabius natum eum ad conrumpendam disciplinam militarem arguere;

[4] sic et in Hispania plus prope per seditionem militum quam bello amissum. externo et regio more et indulgere licentiae militum et saevire in eos.

[5] sententiam deinde aeque trucem orationi adiecit: Pleminium legatum vinctum Romam deportari placere et ex vinculis causam dicere ac, si vera forent, quae Locrenses quererentur, in carcere necari bonaque eius publicari;

[6] P. Scipionem, quod de provincia decessisset iniussu senatus, revocari, agique cum tribunis plebis, ut de imperio eius abrogando ferrent ad populum;

[7] Locrensibus coram senatum respondere, quas iniurias sibi factas quererentur, eas neque senatum neque populum Romanum factas velle, viros bonos sociosque et amicos eos appellari, liberos, coniuges quaeque alia erepta essent, restitui; pecuniam, quanta ex thensauris Proserpinae sublata esset, conquiri, duplamque pecuniam in thensauros reponi,

[8] et sacrum piaculare fieri, ita ut prius ad conlegium pontificum referretur, quod sacri thensauri moti violati essent, quae piacula, quibus deis, quibus hostiis fieri placeret; milites,

[9] qui Locris essent, omnes in Siciliam transportari; quattuor cohortes sociorum Latini nominis in praesidium Locros adduci.

[10] perrogari eo die sententiae accensis studiis pro Scipione et adversus Scipionem non potuere.

[11] praeter Plemini facinus Locrensiumque cladem ipsius etiam imperatoris non Romanus modo sed ne militaris quidem cultus iactabatur:

[12] cum pallio crepidisque inambulare in gymnasio, libellis eum palaestraeque operam dare; aeque segniter molliterque cohortem totam Syracusarum amoenitate frui; Carthaginem atque Hannibalem excidisse de memoria;

[13] exercitum omnem licentia corruptum, qualis Sucrone in Hispania fuerit, qualis nunc Locris, sociis magis quam hosti metuendum.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Conway, Robert Seymour; Walters, Charles Flamstead; Johnson, Stephen Keymer, editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1914-1935. (Oxford Classical Texts)) — 29.19 focus

[1]

haec cum ab legatis dicta essent quaesissetque ab iis Q. Fabius detulissentne eas querellas ad P. Scipionem , responderunt missos legatos esse sed eum belli apparatu occupatum esse et in Africam aut iam traiecisse aut intra paucos dies traiecturum;

[2] et legati gratia quanta esset apud imperatorem expertos esse cum inter eum et tribunos cognita causa tribunos in uincla coniecerit, legatum aeque sontem aut magis etiam in ea potestate reliquerit.

[3] iussis excedere templo legatis, non Pleminius modo sed etiam Scipio principum orationibus lacerari. ante omnes

[4] Q. Fabius natum eum ad corrumpendam disciplinam militarem arguere: sic et in Hispania plus prope per seditionem militum quam bello amissum; externo et regio more et indulgere licentiae militum et saeuire in eos. sententiam deinde aeque trucem orationi adiecit:

[5] Pleminium legatum uinctum Romam deportari placere et ex uinculis causam dicere ac, si uera forent quae Locrenses quererentur, in carcere necari bonaque eius publicari:

[6] P. Scipionem quod de prouincia decessisset iniussu senatus reuocari, agique cum tribunis plebis ut de imperio eius abrogando ferrent ad populum: Locrensibus coram senatum respondere quas iniurias sibi factas quererentur eas neque senatum neque populum Romanum factas uelle;

[7] uiros bonos sociosque et amicos eos appellari; liberos coniuges quaeque alia erepta essent restitui: pecuniam quanta ex thesauris Proserpinae sublata esset conquiri duplamque pecuniam in thesauros reponi,

[8] et sacrum piaculare fieri ita ut prius ad collegium pontificum referretur, quod sacri thesauri moti aperti uiolati essent, quae piacula, quibus dis, quibus hostiis fieri placeret:

[9] milites qui Locris essent omnes in Siciliam transportari: quattuor cohortes sociorum Latini nominis in praesidium Locros adduci.

[10] perrogari eo die sententiae accensis studiis pro Scipione et aduersus Scipionem non potuere.

[11] praeter Plemini facinus Locrensiumque cladem ipsius etiam imperatoris non Romanus modo sed ne militaris quidem cultus iactabatur: cum pallio crepidisque inambulare in gymnasio;

[12] libellis eum palaestraeque operam dare; aeque [segniter] molliter cohortem totam Syracusarum amoenitate frui;

[13] Carthaginem atque Hannibalem excidisse de memoria; exercitum omnem licentia corruptum, qualis Sucrone in Hispania fuerit, qualis nunc Locris, sociis magis quam hosti metuendum.

Translations (3)

History of Rome Perseus (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library)) — 29.19 focus

[1]

After the envoys had thus spoken and Fabius ¹ asked them whether they had carried such complaints to Publius Scipio, they replied that emissaries had been sent, but that he was occupied with preparations for war and had either already crossed over to Africa, or was about to do so within a few days;

[2] and they had learned what partiality for his legatus was felt by the general-in-command when, after hearing the charges of Pleminius and those of the tribunes, he put the tribunes in chains and, though the legatus was equally guilty or even more so, left him in that command.

When the envoys had been ordered to retire from the Senate House, ² not Pleminius only but also Scipio was savagely attacked in the speeches of leading men.

[3] First and foremost Quintus Fabius charged that he was by nature adapted to corrupt his soldiers' discipline.

[4] Thus even in Spain, he said, almost more soldiers had been lost in a mutiny than by war; ³ that after the manner of a foreign tyrant he ⁴ gave free rein to the excesses of his soldiers and was also cruel to them.

[5] He then appended to his speech an equally ruthless resolution: that it was the will of the senate that Pleminius, the legatus, be brought to Rome bound and plead his cause in chains, and if the complaints of the Locrians should prove true, that he be put to death in the prison and his property confiscated;

[6] that Publius Scipio, having left his province without orders of the senate, be recalled, and that the tribunes of the plebs be urged to bring before the people a bill to annul his command; that the senate should make answer to the Locrians face to face that neither the senate nor the Roman people approved of the wrongs which they complained had been inflicted upon them; that they be declared good men and good allies and friends;

[7] that their children, their wives and whatever else had been taken away by violence be restored to them; that all the money removed from the treasure-chambers of Proserpina be sought out and twice that amount be restored to her treasury;

[8] and that expiatory rites be performed, with the provision that the question be first laid before the college of pontiffs, in view of the removal, opening and profanation of the sacred treasure, what expiations they would order to be made, to what divinities, with what victims; that all the soldiers who were at Locri be transported to Sicily;

[9] that four cohorts of Latin allies be brought to Locri as a garrison.

[10] Not all the senators could be asked their opinion on that day owing to the heat of party feeling for Scipio and against Scipio. In addition to the crime ⁵ of Pleminius and the sufferings of the

[11] Locrians, they kept censuring even the personal appearance of the general-in-chief, as not even soldierly, not to say un- Roman; that wearing a Greek mantle and sandals he strolled about in the gymnasium, giving his attention to books in Greek and physical exercise; ⁶

[12] that with equal indolence and self-indulgence his entire retinue ⁷ was enjoying the charms of Syracuse; that Carthage and Hannibal had been forgotten;

[13] that the entire army, being spoiled by lack of restraint and, like the army formerly at Sucro in Spain, like the troops now at Locri, was more to be feared by allies than by the enemy.

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 29.19 focus

[1]

When the ambassadors had thus spoken, and Quintus Fabius had asked them whether they had carried those complaints to Publius Scipio, they answered,

that deputies were sent to him, but he was occupied with the preparations for the war, and had either already crossed over into Africa, or was about to do so within a few days.

[2]

That they had experienced how highly the lieutenant-general was in favour with the general, when, after hearing the cause between him and the tribunes, he threw the tribunes into chains, while he left the lieutenant-general, who was equally or more guilty, in possession of the same power as before.

[3] The ambassadors, having been directed to withdraw from the senate-house, not only Pleminius, but even Scipio, was severely inveighed against by the principal men; but, above all, by Quintus Fabius, who endeavoured to show,

that he was born for the corruption of military discipline.

[4]

It was thus,

he said,

that in Spain he almost lost more men in consequence of mutiny than the war. That, after the manner of foreigners and kings, he indulged the licentiousness of the soldiers, and then punished them with cruelty.

[5] He then followed up his speech by a resolution equally harsh: that

it was his opinion, that Pleminius should be conveyed to Rome in chains, and in chains plead his cause; and, if the complaints of the Locrians were found- ed in truth, that he should be put to death in prison, and his effects confiscated.

[6]

That Publius Scipio should be recalled, for having quitted his province without the permission of the senate; and that the plebeian tribunes should be applied to, to propose to the people the abrogation of his command. That the senate should reply to the Locrians, when brought before them, that the injuries which they complained of having received were neither approved of by the senate nor the people of Rome.

[7]

That they should be acknowledged as worthy men, allies, and friends; that their children, their wives, and whatsoever else had been taken from them, should be restored; that the sum of money which had been taken from the treasures of Proserpine should be collected, and twice the amount placed in the treasury.

[8]

That an expiatory sacred rite should be celebrated, first referring it to the college of pontiffs, to determine what atonements should be made, to what gods, and with what victims, in consequence of the sacred treasures' having been removed and violated.

[9]

That the soldiers at Locri should be all transported into Sicily, and four cohorts of the allies of the Latin confederacy taken to Locri for a garrison.

The votes could not be entirely collected that day in consequence of the warm feeling excited for and against Scipio.

[10] Besides the atrocious conduct of Pleminius, and the calamities of the Locrians, much was said about the dress of the general himself, as being not only not Roman, but even unsoldierlike.

[11] It was said, that

he walked about in the gymnasium in a cloak and slippers, and that he gave his time to light books and the palaestra.

[12]

That his whole staff were enjoying the delights which Syracuse afforded, with the same indolence and effeminacy.

[13]

That Carthage and Hannibal had dropped out of his memory; that the whole army, corrupted by indulgence, like that at Sucro in Spain, or that now at Locri, was more to be feared by its allies than by its enemies.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 29.19 focus

[1]

At the close of the delegate's speech, Q. Fabius enquired whether they had laid their complaints before Scipio. They stated in reply that they had sent a deputation to him, but he was fully occupied with his preparations for war and had either sailed or was going to sail in a very few days for Africa.

[2] They had had proof of the high favour in which Pleminius stood with his commander-in-chief, for after investigating the circumstances which led to the dispute between him and the military tribunes Scipio had thrown the tribunes into chains and allowed his subordinate to retain his command though he was equally or even more guilty.

[3] They were then ordered to withdraw, and in the discussion which followed both Pleminius and Scipio were very severely handled by the leaders of the House, especially by Quintus Fabius.

[4] He declared that Scipio was born to destroy all military discipline. It was the same in Spain; more men had been lost there in mutiny than in battle. His conduct was that of some foreign tyrant, first indulging the licence of the soldiers and then punishing them.

[5] Fabius closed his attack with the following drastic resolution: "I move that Pleminius be brought to Rome to plead his cause in chains, and if the charges which the Locrians have brought against him are substantiated, that he be put to death in prison and his property confiscated.

[6] With regard to Publius Scipio, as he has left his province without orders, I move that he be recalled, and that it be referred to the tribunes of the plebs to bring in a bill before the Assembly to relieve him of his command. As to the Locrians, I move that they be brought back into the House, and that we assure them in reply to their complaint that the senate and the people alike disapprove of what has been done, and that we recognise them as good and trusty allies and friends.

[7] And, further, that their wives and children and all that has been taken away from them be restored, and that all the money abstracted from Proserpine's treasury be collected, and double the amount put back.

[8] The question of expiation must be referred to the pontifical college, who must decide what expiatory rites are to be observed, what deities are to be propitiated and what victims are to be sacrificed in cases where sacred treasures have been violated.

[9] The soldiers at Locri must be transferred to Sicily and four Latin cohorts sent to garrison the place." Owing to the heated debate between Scipio's supporters and opponents the votes could not be collected that day.

[10] Not only had he to bear the odium of Pleminius' criminal brutality towards the Locrians, but the Roman commander was even taunted with his style of dress as being un-Roman and even unsoldierly.

[11] It was asserted that he walked about the gymnasium in a Greek mantle and Greek slippers and spent his time amongst rhetoricians and athletes and that the whole

[12] of his staff were enjoying the attractions of Syracuse and living a life of similar self-indulgence and effeminacy.

[13] They had completely lost sight of Hannibal and the Carthaginians; the entire army was demoralised and out of hand; like the one formerly at Sucro or the one now at Locri, they were more dreaded by their allies than by the enemy.

Notes on the current edition

Ab urbe condita

1. cognita causa tribunos A3 N3 HJK Eds.: om. P (1) N, one line.

2. eum P (1) n Aldus: or. Sp ? HJK Froben 2.

3. prope per Sp N3 h Froben 2: proter PCR: propter MBDAN: prope JK Aldus.

4. A.U.C. 550

5. eas P (1) NJK Aldus: om. Sp ?H Froben 2.

6. Romanum ( or r.) B 1 Aldus, Froben: om. P (1) NHJK.

7. liberos A3 N3 HJK: om. P (1) N.

8. et sacrum . . . ita P (1) NJK Aldus, Froben: om.SpHx.

9. aperti Sp ( probably ) A3 N3 HJK Aldus, Froben: om. P (1) N.

10. qui P 2 (1) NHJK: quiqui P.

11. et adversus Scipionem P (1) n Aldus, Froben: om. Sp HJK.

12. A.U.C. 550

13. que A .y JK Aldus, Froben: om. P (1) NH Conway ( bracketing segniter).

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 29.19

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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