Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 28.23

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[1]

atque haec tamen caedes ab impetu ¹ hostium iratorum ac tum maxime dimicantium iure ² belli in armatos repugnantesque edebatur; ³

[2] foedior alia in urbe trucidatio erat, cum turbam feminarum puerorumque inbellem inermemque ⁴ cives sui caederent et in succensum rogum semianima pleraque inicerent corpora, rivique sanguinis flammam orientem restinguerent; postremo ipsi, caede miseranda suorum fatigati, cum armis medio incendio se iniecerunt.

[3] iam caedi perpetratae victores Romani supervenerunt. ac primo conspectu tam foedae rei mirabundi parumper obstupuerunt;

[4] dein cum aurum argentumque cumulo rerum aliarum interfulgens ⁵ aviditate ingenii humani rapere ex igni vellent, correpti alii flamma sunt, alii ambusti adflatu vaporis, cum receptus primis urgente ab tergo ingenti ⁶ turba non esset.

[5] ita Astapa sine praeda militum ferro ignique absumpta est. Marcius ceteris eius regionis metu in deditionem acceptis victorem ⁷ exercitum Carthaginem ad Scipionem reduxit.

[6] per eos ipsos dies perfugae a Gadibus venerunt pollicentes urbem Punicumque praesidium quod in ea urbe esset et imperatorem praesidii cum classe prodituros esse. ⁸

[7] Mago ibi ex fuga substiterat, navibusque in Oceano collectis aliquantum auxiliorum et trans fretum ex Africa ⁹ ora et ex proximis Hispaniae locis per Hannonem praefectum coegerat.

[8] fide accepta dataque perfugis, et Marcius eo cum expeditis cohortibus et Laelius cum ¹⁰ septem triremibus, quinqueremi una est missus, ut terra marique communi consilio rem gererent.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Ab urbe condita (Latin) (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).)

Editions (2)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 28.23 focus

[1] atque haec tamen caedes ab impetu hostium iratorum ac tum maxime dimicantium iure belli in armatos repugnantesque edebatur;

[2] foedior alia in urbe trucidatio erat, cum turbam feminarum puerorumque inbellem inermemque cives sui caederent et in succensum rogum semianima pleraque inicerent corpora, rivique sanguinis flammam orientem restinguerent; postremo ipsi, caede miseranda suorum fatigati, cum armis medio incendio se iniecerunt.

[3] iam caedi perpetratae victores Romani supervenerunt. ac primo conspectu tam foedae rei mirabundi parumper obstupuerunt;

[4] dein cum aurum argentumque cumulo rerum aliarum interfulgens aviditate ingenii humani rapere ex igni vellent, correpti alii flamma sunt, alii ambusti adflatu vaporis, cum receptus primis urgente ab tergo ingenti turba non esset.

[5] ita Astapa sine praeda militum ferro ignique absumpta est. Marcius ceteris eius regionis metu in deditionem acceptis victorem exercitum Carthaginem ad Scipionem reduxit. per eos ipsos dies perfugae a Gadibus venerunt,

[6] pollicentes urbem Punicumque praesidium, quod in ea urbe esset, et imperatorem praesidii cum classe prodituros esse.

[7] Mago ibi ex fuga substiterat navibusque in Oceano collectis aliquantum auxiliorum et trans fretum ex Africa ora et ex proximis Hispaniae locis per Hannonem praefectum coegerat.

[8] fide accepta dataque perfugis et Marcius eo cum expeditis cohortibus et Laelius cum septem triremibus, quinqueremi una est missus, ut terra marique communi consilio rem gererent.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Conway, Robert Seymour; Walters, Charles Flamstead; Johnson, Stephen Keymer, editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1914-1935. (Oxford Classical Texts)) — 28.23 focus

[1]

atque haec tamen hostium iratorum ltin moremgt ac tum maxime dimicantium iure belli in armatos repugnantesque edebantur:

[2] foedior alia in urbe trucidatio erat cum turbam feminarum puerorumque imbellem inermem ciues sui caederent et in succensum rogum semianima pleraque inicerent corpora riuique sanguinis flammam orientem restinguerent: postremo ipsi caede miseranda suorum fatigati cum armis medio incendio se iniecerunt.

[3] iam caedi perpetratae uictores Romani superuenerunt. ac primo conspectu tam foedae rei mirabundi parumper obstipuerunt;

[4] dein cum aurum argentumque cumulo rerum aliarum interfulgens auiditate ingenii humani rapere ex igni uellent, correpti alii flamma sunt, alii ambusti adflatu uaporis, cum receptus primis urgente ab tergo ingenti turba non esset.

[5] ita Astapa sine praeda militum ferro ignique absumpta est. Marcius ceteris eius regionis metu in deditionem acceptis uictorem exercitum Carthaginem ad Scipionem reduxit.

[6] per eos ipsos dies perfugae a Gadibus uenerunt pollicentes urbem Punicumque praesidium quod in ea urbe esset et imperatorem praesidii cum classe prodituros.

[7] Mago ibi ex fuga substiterat, nauibusque in Oceano conlectis aliquantum auxiliorum et trans fretum ex Africa ora et ex proximis Hispaniae locis per Hannonem praefectum coegerat.

[8] fide accepta dataque perfugis, et Marcius eo cum expeditis cohortibus et Laelius cum septem triremibus quinqueremi una est missus ut terra marique communi consilio rem gererent.

Translations (3)

History of Rome Perseus (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library)) — 28.23 focus

[1]

Such slaughter, however, arose from the attack of a furious enemy, fighting at that moment according to the law of war against armed men resisting.

[2] More horrible was another butchery within the city, when their own citizens were slaying an unarmed, unresisting throng of women and children and throwing bodies, very often only half-dead, upon a pyre they had lighted, and streams of blood were putting out the rising flames. Finally the men, exhausted by the pitiful slaying of their own kin, threw themselves and their arms into the midst of the fire.

[3] The slaughter was already finished when the victorious Romans arrived. And at the first sight of so terrible a scene they stood for a little while stunned with amazement.

[4] Then, when gold and silver glistened in the heap of other objects and with the eagerness which is natural to man they were trying to snatch them from the flames, some caught fire themselves, others were scorched by the hot blast, ¹ since those in front had no way of escape, while the mass of men pressed upon them from the rear.

[5] Thus was Astapa destroyed by sword and fire without booty for the soldiers. Marcius, having received the surrender of all the other tribes of that region owing ² to their fear, led his victorious army back to Scipio at (New) Carthage.

[6] About the same time came deserters from Gades promising to betray the city and the Punic garrison in that city and the commander of the garrison together with the fleet.

[7] Mago after his flight had halted there, and having assembled ships on the Ocean, he had gathered up a considerable force of auxiliaries both from the African coast across the strait and from the nearest places in Spain with the help of Hanno, the prefect.

[8] Promises were received from the deserters and given them, and Marcius with cohorts lightly equipped and Laelius also with seven triremes and one quinquereme were sent thither, to carry on the campaign by land and sea with a single plan.

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 28.23 focus

[1]

But these, however, were acts committed by exasperated enemies in the heat of battle, and executed, in conformity with the laws of war, upon men armed and most fiercely resisting;

[2] there was another more horrible carnage in the city, where a harmless and defenceless crowd of women and children were butchered by their own countrymen, who threw their bodies, most of them still alive, upon the burning pile, while streams of blood damped the rising flame; and lastly, wearied with the piteous slaughter of their friends, they threw themselves, arms and all, into the midst of the flames.

[3] When the carnage was now completed the victorious Romans came up, and at the first sight of so revolting a transaction they stood for some time wrapt in wonder and amazement;

[4] but afterwards, from a rapacity natural to humanity, wishing to snatch out of the fire the gold and silver which glittered amid the heap of other materials, some were caught by the flames, others scorched by the hot blasts, as the foremost were unable to retreat, in consequence of the immense crowd which pressed upon them.

[5] In this manner was Astapa destroyed by the sword and fire, without affording any booty to the soldiers. After the rest of the people in that quarter, influenced by fear, had made submission to him, Marcius led his victorious troops to Scipio, at Carthage.

[6] Just at this same time deserters arrived from Gades, who promised to betray the town and Carthaginian garrison which occupied it, together with the commander and the fleet.

[7] Mago had halted there after his flight, and having collected some ships on the ocean, had got together a considerable number of auxiliaries from the coast of Africa, on the other side the strait, and also by means of Hanno the praefect from the neighbouring parts of Spain.

[8] After pledges had been exchanged with the deserters, Marcius and Laelius were sent thither, the former with the light cohorts, the latter with seven triremes and one quinquereme, in order that they might act in concert by land and sea.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 28.23 focus

[1]

The wholesale slaughter was at any rate the work of an exasperated soldiery who met their armed foes in the shock of open battle.

[2] But a much more horrible butchery took place in the city, where a weak and defenceless crowd of women and children were massacred by their own people, and their still writhing bodies flung on to the lighted pile which was again almost extinguished by the streams of blood. And last of all the men themselves, exhausted by the pitiful slaughter of those dear to them, flung themselves arms and all into the midst of the flames.

[3] All had perished by the time the Romans came on the scene.

[4] At first they stood horror-struck at such a fearful sight, then, seeing the melted gold and silver flowing amongst the other articles which made up the heap, the greediness common to human nature impelled them to try and snatch what they could out of the fire. Some were caught by the flames, others were scorched by the heated air, for those in front could not retreat owing to the crowd pressing on behind.

[5] Thus Astapa was destroyed without yielding any plunder to the soldiers. After accepting the surrender of the remaining cities in that district Marcius led his victorious army back to Scipio at New Carthage.

[6] Just at this time some deserters came from Gades and promised to deliver up the city with its Carthaginian garrison and the commandant and also the ships in the harbour.

[7] After his flight Mago had taken up his quarters in that city, and with the help of the ships which he had assembled he had got together a considerable force, partly from the opposite coast of Africa and partly through the agency of Hanno from the Spanish tribes round. After guarantees of good faith had been given on both sides, Scipio sent Marcius with the cohorts of light infantry and Laelius with seven triremes and one quinquereme to conduct joint operations against the place by sea and land.

Notes on the current edition

Ab urbe condita

1. caedes ab impetu, supplied here by M. Müller: Weissenborn supplied vis et impetus after dimicantium ( with edebant); Madvig , odium ( with edebat); Johnson and Conway, in morem after iratorum ( and with edebantur). something is lacking in P (1) NJK Aldus, Froben.

2. iure belli in armatos re- om. P(1)N, one line, found in A3 N3 JK Aldus, Froben.

3. edebatur JK: -bantur M 1 A3 N3 Aldus, Froben: -bā P: -bam CRMBD: -bant C 2 AN.

4. -que P (1) n Aldus: om. Sp JK Froben 2, Conway .

5. interfulgens N 8 ( altern. ) JK Eds.: interfluens P (1) N.

6. ab tergo ingenti Sp ?N3 Froben 2: ingenti JK Aldus: om. P (1) N .

7. A.U.C. 548

8. esse om. JK Conway.

9. ex Africa (africae P 4) P (1) n Aldus, Froben: africae Sp JK.

10. expeditis ... cum A3 N3 ( om. cum) JK Aldus, Froben: om. P (1) N.

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 28.23

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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