Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 45.34

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[1]

Not far from here was the camp of Anicius. Paulus sent him despatches, so that there should be no disturbance over what was about to take place, saying that the senate had granted to Paulus' army the booty from those cities of Epirus which had deserted to Perseus. The consul sent centurions to the several cities, who were to say that they had come to remove the garrisons so that the people of Epirus might be free like the Macedonians; ten leading men from each city were summoned to the consul.

[2] These men were instructed to have the gold and silver collected at the civic ¹ centre.

[3] Then cohorts were sent to all the cities, those bound for the more distant leaving before those for the nearer, so that they would arrive at all the towns on the same day.

[4] The tribunes and centurions had been instructed as to their mission. Early in the day all the gold and silver was collected; at the fourth hour the soldiers were given the signal to plunder the towns.

[5] So great was the booty that a distribution was made of four hundred denarii apiece to the cavalry, and two hundred apiece to the infantry, ² and one-hundred and fifty thousand persons were removed.

[6] The walls of the plundered cities were destroyed; the number of communities was about seventy. All the booty was sold, and from the proceeds the amounts given above were paid to the army.

[7] Paulus went down to the sea at Oricum, having by no means met the expectations of the soldiers, as he had supposed he would; the men were complaining that they had no share in the booty from the king, as if they had fought no campaign in Macedonia.

[8] On finding at Oricum the troops he had sent with Scipio Nasica and his son Maximus, Paulus embarked his army on ships and crossed to Italy.

[9] A few days later Anicius, after waiting for the ships which the army of Macedonia had used, crossed to Italy, first holding an assembly of the remaining Epirotes and Acarnanians, and ordering the leaders, judgment about whom he had reserved for the senate, to follow him to Italy.

While these events were occurring in Macedonia ³ and Epirus, the commissioners who had been sent with Attalus to put an end to the war between the Galatians and King Eumenes, arrived in Asia.

[11] A truce had been declared for the winter; the Galatians on their side had returned to their homes, and the king had gone into winter-quarters at Pergamum and was ill with a serious disease. Early spring called the Galatians into the field, and they had by this time reached Synnada; Eumenes had mustered an army from all sides at Sardis.

[12] At that city the Romans learned that Solovettius the Galatian leader was at Synnada, and decided to go there to confer with him; Attalus set out with them, but it was decided that he should not enter the camp of the Galatians, lest tempers be lost during an altercation.

[13] Publius Licinius, an ex-consul, ⁴ talked with the prince of the Galatians and reported that he had been emboldened by the appeal to him, so that it was occasion for wonder that the words of Roman

[14] envoys had had such weight with those prosperous kings Antiochus and Ptolemy that they at once made peace, whereas with the Galatians Roman words were without effect.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

History of Rome (English) (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library))

Editions (3)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 45.34 focus

[1] haud procul inde Anici castra aberant. ad quem litteris missis, ne quid ad ea, quae fierent, moveretur: senatum praedam Epiri civitatium, quae ad Persea defecissent, exercitui dedisse suo, missis centurionibus in singulas urbes, qui se dicerent ad praesidia deducenda venisse, ut liberi Epirotae sicut Macedones essent, denos principes ex singulis evocavit civitatibus;

[2] quibus cum denuntiasset, ut aurum atque argentum in publicum proferretur, per omnes civitates cohortes dimisit.

[3] ante in ulteriores quam in propiores profecti, ut uno die in omnes perveniretur.

[4] edita tribunis centurionibusque erant, quae agerentur. mane omne aurum argentumque conlatum; hora quarta signum ad diripiendas urbes datum est militibus;

[5] tantaque praeda fuit, ut in equitem quadringeni denarii, peditibus duceni dividerentur, centum quinquaginta milia capitum humanorum abducerentur.

[6] muri deinde direptarum urbium diruti sunt; ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta. vendita praeda omnis, inde ea summa militi numerata est.

[7] Paulus ad mare Oricum descendit nequaquam, ut ratus erat, expletis militum animis, qui, tamquam nullum in Macedonia gessissent bellum, expertis regiae praedae esse indignabantur.

[8] Orici cum missas cum Scipione Nasica Maximoque filio copias invenisset, exercitu in naves inposito in Italiam traiecit.

[9] et post paucos dies Anicius conventu reliquorum Epirotarum Acarnanumque acto iussisque in Italiam sequi principibus, quorum cognitionem causae senatui reservarat, et ipse navibus expectatis, quibus usus Macedonicus exercitus erat, in Italiam traiecit.

[10] cum haec in Macedonia Epiroque gesta sunt, legati, qui cum Attalo ad finiendum bellum inter Gallos et regem Eumenem missi erant, in Asiam pervenerant.

[11] indutiis per hiemem factis et Galli domos abierant et rex in hiberna concesserat Pergamum gravique morbo aeger fuerat. ver primum eos domo excivit iamque Synnada pervenerant et Eumenes ad Sardis undique exercitum contraxerat.

[12] ibi Romani cum et Solovettium, ducem Gallorum, † Synnades adlocutus ettalus cum eis profectus, sed castra Gallorum intrare eum non placuit, ne animi ex disceptatione inritarentur.

[13] P. Licinius consularis cum regulo Gallorum est locutus rettulitque ferociorem eum deprecando factum,

[14] ut mirum videri possit inter tam opulentos reges, Antiochum Ptolemaeumque, tantum legatorum Romanorum verba valuisse, ut extemplo pacem facerent, apud Gallos nullius momenti fuisse.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).) — 45.34 focus

[1]

haud procul inde Anici castra aberant. ad quem litteris missis, ne quid ad ea quae fierent moveretur: senatum praedam Epiri civitatium, quae ad Persea defecissent,

[2] exercitui dedisse suo, ¹ missis centurionibus in singulas urbes, qui se dicerent ad praesidia deducenda venisse, ut liberi Epirotae sicut Macedones essent, denos principes ex singulis evocavit civitatibus; quibus cum denuntiasset ut aurum atque argentum in publicum proferretur, per omnes ones² civitates cohortes dimisit.

[3] ante in ulteriores quam in propiores profecti, ut uno die in omnes perveniretur.

[4] edita tribunis centurionibusque erant, quae agerentur. mane omne aurum argentumque conlatum; hora quarta signum ad diripiendas urbes datum est militibus;

[5] tantaque praeda fuit, ut in equitem quadringeni denarii, peditibus duceni dividerentur, centum quinquaginta milia capitum humanorum abducerentur.

[6] muri deinde direptarum urbium diruti sunt; ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta. vendita praeda omnis, inde ³ ea summa militi numerata est.

[7] Paulus ad mare Oricum descendit nequaquam, ut ratus erat, expletis militum animis, qui, tamquam nullum in Macedonia gessissent bellum, expertis regiae praedae esse indignabantur.

[8] orici cum missas cum Scipione Nasica Maximoque filio copias invenisset, exercitu in naves imposito in Italiam traiecit.

[9] et post paucos dies Anicius conventu reliquorum Epirotarum Acarnanumque acto iussisque in Italiam sequi principibus, quorum cognitionem causae senatui ⁴ reservarat, et ipse navibus expectatis, quibus usus Macedonicus exercitus erat, in Italiam traiecit.

[10] cum haec in Macedonia Epiroque gesta sunt, ⁵ legati, qui cum Attalo ad finiendum bellum inter Gallos et regem Eumenem missi erant, in Asiam pervenerant. ⁶

[11] indutiis per hiemem factis et Galli domos abierant et rex in hiberna concesserat Pergamum gravique morbo aeger fuerat. ver primum eos ⁷ domo excivit iamque Synnada pervenerant et Eumenes ad ⁸ Sardis undique exercitum contraxerat.

[12] ibi Romani cum Solovettium, ⁹ ducem Gallorum, Synnadis esse comperissent eo proficisci decreverunt ad colloquium; Attalus ¹⁰ cum eis profectus, sed castra Gallorum intrare eum non placuit, ne animi ex disceptatione irritarentur.

[13] P. Licinius consularis cum ¹¹ regulo Gallorum est locutus rettulitque ferociorem eum deprecando factum,

[14] ut mirum videri possit ¹² inter tam opulentos reges, Antiochum Ptolemaeumque, tantum legatorum Romanorum verba valuisse ut extemplo pacem facerent, apud Gallos nullius momenti fuisse.

Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn Perseus (Weissenborn, W.; Müller, H. J., editors. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1873-1883.) — 45.34 focus

[1]

haud procul inde Anici castra aberant. ad quem litteris missis, ne quid ad ea, quae fierent, moveretur: senatum praedam Epiri civitatium, quae ad Persea defecissent,

[2] exercitui dedisse suo, missis centurionibus in singulas urbes, qui se dicerent ad praesidia ¹ deducenda venisse, ut liberi Epirotae sicut Macedones essent, denos principes ex singulis evocavit civitatibus. quibus cum denuntiasset, ut aurum atque argentum in publicum proferretur, per omnes civitates cohortes dimisit.

[3] ante in ulteriores quam in propiores profecti, ut uno die in omnes perveniretur.

[4] edita tribunis centurionibusque erant, quae agerentur. mane omne aurum argentumque conlatum; hora quarta signum ad diripiendas urbes datum est militibus;

[5] tantaque praeda fuit, ut in equitem quadringeni denarii, peditibus duceni dividerentur, centum quinquaginta milia capitum humanorum abducerentur.

[6] muri deinde direptarum urbium diruti sunt; ea fuere oppida circa septuaginta. vendita praeda omnis; inde ea summa militi numerata est.

[7] Paulus ad mare Oricum descendit nequaquam, ut ²ratus erat, expletis militum animis, qui, tamquam nullum in Macedonia gessissent bellum, expertis regiae praedae esse indignabantur.

[8] Orici cum missas cum Scipione Nasica Maximoque filio copias invenisset, exercitu in naves inposito in Italiam traiecit.

[10] cum haec in Macedonia Epiroque gesta sunt, legati, qui cum Attalo ad finiendum bellum inter Gallos et regem Eumenem missi erant, in Asiam pervenerunt.

[11] indutiis per hiemem factis et Galli domos abierant et rex in hiberna concesserat Pergamum gravique morbo aeger fuerat. ver primum ex domo Gallos exciverat; ³ iamque Synnada pervenerant, cum Eumenes ad Sardis undique exercitum contraxerat.

[12] ibi Romani cum et Solovettium ducem Gallorum Synnadis adlocuturi. et Attalus cum eis profectus; sed castra Gallorum intrare eum non placuit, ne animi ex disceptatione inritarentur.

[13] P. Licinius cum regulo Gallorum est locutus rettulitque ferociorem eum deprecando factum,

[14] ut mirum videri possit inter tam opulentos reges Antiochum Ptolemaeumque tantum legatorum Romanorum verba valuisse, ut extemplo pacem facerent, apud Gallos nullius momenti fuisse.

Translations (2)

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 45.34 focus

[1]

Not far from this was the camp of Anicius, to whom he sent a letter, desiring him not to be alarmed at any thing that should happen, for

the senate had granted to his soldiers the plunder of those cities in Epirus which had revolted to Perseus.

[2] Having despatched centurions, who were to give out that they came to bring away the garrisons, in order that the Epirotes might be free, as well as the Macedonians; he summoned before him ten of the principal men of each city, and after giving them strict injunctions that all their gold and silver should be brought into the public street, he then sent cohorts to the several states.

[3] Those that were destined for the more remote states set out earlier than those who were sent to the nearer, that they might all arrive on the same day.

[4] The tribunes and centurions were instructed how to act. Early in the morning all the treasure was collected;

[5] at the fourth hour the signal was given to the soldiers to plunder, and so ample was the booty acquired, that the shares distributed were four hundred denariuses ¹ to a horseman, and two hundred to a footman. One hundred and fifty thousand persons were led away captive.

[6] Then the walls of the plundered cities, they were about seventy in number, were razed; the effects sold, and the soldiers' shares paid out of the price.

[7] Paullus then marched down to the sea to Oricum, having by no means satisfied the wishes of his men as he had imagined, for they were enraged at being excluded from sharing in the spoil of the king, as if they had not waged any war in Macedon.

[8] When he found, at Oricum, the troops sent with his son Max- imus and Scipio Nasica, he embarked the army, and sailed over to Italy.

[9] Anicius, a few days after, having held a convention of the rest of the Epirotes and Acarnanians, and having ordered those of their chiefs, whose cases he had reserved for consideration, to follow him into Italy, waited only for the return of the ships that the Macedonian army had used, and then passed over to Italy.

[10] At the time that these events took place in Macedon and Epirus, the ambassadors that had been sent with Attalus, to put a stop to hostilities between the Gauls and king Eumenes, arrived in Asia. Having agreed to a suspension of arms for the winter, the Gauls were gone home, and the king had retired to Pergamus into winter quarters, where he fell sick of a grievous disease.

[11] The first appearance of spring drew out both parties from their respective homes; the Gauls had advanced as far as Synnada, while Eumenes had collected from every quarter his forces, at Sardis.

[12] Then the Romans held a conference with Solovettius, general of the Gauls, at Synnada, and Attalus accompanied them; but it was not thought proper that he should enter the camp of the Gauls, lest the passions of either party might be heated by debate.

[13] Publius Licinius held a conference with the Gallic chieftain, and brought back word that he was rendered more haughty by the attempt to persuade him; so that it might, therefore, seem matter of wonder that the mediation of Roman ambassadors should have had

[14] so great influence on Antiochus and Ptolemy, two powerful kings, as to make them instantly conclude a peace; and yet, that it had no influence with the Gauls.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 45.34 focus

[1]

Anicius' camp was not far away, and the consul sent a letter telling him not to be disturbed at what was going on, for the senate had made a grant to his army of the plunder from those cities in Epirus which had gone over to Perseus. Centurions were sent to each of the cities to say that they had come to bring away the garrisons in order that the Epirots should be free as the Macedonians were free.

[2] The town councillors in each community were sent for and warned to have the gold and silver brought out into some public place, and cohorts were ordered to visit all the cities.

[3] Those who were to go to the more distant places started before those who were to go to the nearer ones, and they all reached their destination on the same day.

[4] The military tribunes had received instructions as to what they were to do. All the silver and gold had been collected together in the morning, and at ten o'clock the signal was given to the soldiers to sack the cities.

[5] So great was the amount of booty secured that 400 denarii were distributed to each cavalryman and 200 to each foot soldier, and 150,000 human beings were carried off.

[6] Then the walls of the plundered cities, some seventy in number, were destroyed, the booty sold and the proceeds furnished the above-mentioned sum for the troops.

[7] Paulus went down to the seaport of Oricum, but his soldiers were far from satisfied; they resented being excluded from all share in the plunder of the palace, as though they had not taken any part in the Macedonian war.

[8] At Oricum he found the troops which had been sent off with Scipio Nasica and Q. Maximus, and after seeing his army on board sailed back to Italy.

[9] A few days later Anicius, who had been meeting the representatives of the rest of the Epirots, ordered those of their leaders whose case he had reserved for the senate to follow him to Italy. He then waited for the ships which had been used to transport the army from Macedonia, and on their arrival he too returned to Italy.

[10] During these occurrences in Macedonia and Epirus the mission which had been sent in company with Attalus to put a stop to the war between the Gauls and Eumenes landed in Asia.

[11] A truce had been arranged for the winter; the Gauls had gone home and the king had retired into winter quarters at Pergamum, where he had been seriously ill. The beginning of spring had drawn the Gauls from their homes and they had gone as far as Synnada, while Eumenes had assembled at Sardis an army drawn from every quarter of his kingdom.

[12] When the Romans who were there had ascertained that the Gauls were at Synnada they decided to proceed thither and interview Solovetius, the Gaulish leader; Attalus accompanied them, but they decided that he should not enter the Gaulish camp lest there should be an angry debate.

[13] P. Licinius had a conversation with their leader, and brought back word that all attempts to persuade him only made him more defiant;

[14] he expressed his astonishment that whilst the representations of the Roman commissioners succeeded in allaying the strife between such powerful monarchs as Antiochus and Ptolemy, they had no weight whatever with the Gauls.

Notes on the current edition

Ab Urbe Condita With An English Translation, books 1-10, 21-45, with periochae 11-20

1. B.C. 167

2. Plutarch, Aemilius xxix. 3, says that only 11 drachmas per soldier were realized, that is, about 13 denarii; this would explain the dissatisfaction of the soldiers mentioned below, but implies a serious and improbable miscalculation on the part of Paulus. In xxx. 1, Plutarch apologizes for Paulus in respect to this action, which is charged to the senate.

3. B.C. 167

4. Head of this embassy (Polybius XXX. 3) and consul 4 years before, XLII. xxix. 1. Polybius implies that the embassy was not really meant to restrain the Galatians, as shown by the actual results.

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 45.34

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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