Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 42.44

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[1] When the party arrived at Chalcis, a thing very pleasing to the Romans occurred, for the chief men of the other states each by their own particular decree rejected the alliance with the king and associated themselves with the Romans; Ismenias thought it proper to put the Boeotian League in the care of the Romans.¹

[2] Thereupon a dispute arose, and save that he escaped to the headquarters² of the Roman envoys, Ismenias lacked little of meeting his death at the hands of the exiles and their partisans.

[3] Thebes itself, the capital of Boeotia, was also in a great uproar, as some urged the city toward the king, others toward the Romans; and a mob from Coronea³ and Haliartus had assembled to defend the vote of alliance with the king.

[4] But due to the steadfastness of the chief men⁴ in demonstrating by the disasters which had befallen Philip and Antiochus how great was the might and good fortune of the Roman State, the commons were at length overcome and voted to cancel the alliance with the king, besides sending to Chalcis those who had been sponsors of sanctioning the friendly relations to make amends to the envoys, and ordering that the city be recommended to the care of the envoys.

[5] Marcius and Atilius heard the Thebans with joy and recommended both to these and severally to the various others that they send envoys to Rome to renew friendly relations.

[6] First of all they ordered that the exiles be restored, and condemned by their own decree the sponsors of alliance with the king.⁵ Thus having obtained their fondest desire, the disruption of the Boeotian League, they set out for the Peloponnese after summoning Servius Cornelius to Chalcis.

[7] An assembly was called for them at Argos;⁶ there they asked nothing of the Achaean League but the contribution of one thousand soldiers.

[8] This garrison was sent to guard Chalcis⁷ until the Roman army could be brought over to Greece. Marcius and Atilius, having accomplished their mission in Greece, as winter came on returned to Rome.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

History of Rome (English) (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library))

Editions (3)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 42.44 focus

[1] Chalcidem ut ventum est, aliarum civitatium principes, id quod maxume gratum erat Romanis, suo quique proprie decreto regiam societatem aspernati Romanis se adiungebant; Ismenias gentem Boeotorum in fidem Romanorum permitti aecum censebat.

[2] inde certamine orto, nisi in tribunal legatorum perfugisset, haud multum afuit, quin ab exulibus fautoribusque eorum interficeretur.

[3] Thebae quoque ipsae, quod Boeotiae caput est, in magno motu erant, aliis ad regem trahentibus civitatem, aliis ad Romanos;

[4] et turba Coronaeorum Haliartiorumque convenerat ad defendendum decretum regiae societatis. sed constantia principum docentium cladibus Philippi Antiochique, quanta esset vis et fortuna imperii Romani, victa tandem multitudo et, ut tolleretur regia societas, decrevit, et eos, qui auctores paciscendae amicitiae fuerant, ad satisfaciendum legatis Chalcidem misit fideique legatorum commendari civitatem iussit.

[5] Thebanos Marcius et Atilius laeti audierunt auctoresque et his et separatim singulis fuerunt ad renovandam amicitiam mittendi Romam legatos.

[6] ante omnia exules restitui iusserunt et auctores regiae societatis decreto suo damnarunt. ita, quod maxume volebant, discusso Boeotico concilio in Peloponnesum proficiscuntur Ser. Cornelio Chalcidem accersito.

[7] Argis praebitum est iis concilium; ubi res aliud a gente Achaeorum petierunt, quam ut mille milites darent.

[8] id praesidium ad Chalcidem tuendam, dum Romanus exercitus in Graeciam traiceretur, missum est. Marcius et Atilius peractis, quae agenda in Graecia erant, principio hiemis Romam redierunt.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).) — 43.23 focus

[1]

Rex cum non ¹ minore vexatione iumentorum hominumque quam venerat in Macedoniam rediit; Appium tamen ab obsidione Phanotes fama ducentis ad Stratum Persei summovit.

[2] Cleuas cum praesidio impigrorum iuvenum insecutus sub radicibus prope inviis montium ² ad mille hominum ex agmine impedito occidit, ad ducentos cepit.

[3] Appius superatis angustiis in campo quem Meleona vocant stativa dierum paucorum habuit. interim Cleuas assumpto Philostrato, qui quingentos ex ³ Epirotarum gente habebat, in agrum Antigonensem transcendit. ⁴ Macedones ad depopulationem profecti;

[4] Philostratus⁵ cum cohorte sua in insidiis loco ⁶ obscuro consedit. in palatos populatores cum erupissent ab Antigonea armati, ⁷ fugientes eos persequentes effusius in vallem insessam ab hostibus praecipitant.

[5] ibi ad mille ⁸ occisis, centum ferme captis, et ubique prospere gesta re prope stativa Appi castra movent, ne qua vis sociis suis ab Romano exercitu inferri possit.

[6] Appius nequiquam in his locis terens tempus, dimissis Chaonum Thesprotorumque ⁹ et si qui alii Epirotae erant praesidiis, cum Italicis militibus in Illyricum regressus, per Parthinorum ¹⁰ socias urbes in hiberna militibus divisis, ¹¹ ipse Romam sacrificii causa redit.

[7] Perseus ex Penestarum gente mille pedites, ducentos equites revocatos Cassandream, praesidio ut essent, misit.

[8] Ab Gentio eadem adferentes redierunt. nec deinde alios atque alios mittendo temptare eum destitit, cum appareret, quantum in eo praesidii esset, nec tamen impetrare ab animo posset, ut impensam in rem maximi ad omnia momenti faceret.

Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn Perseus (Weissenborn, W.; Müller, H. J., editors. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1873-1883.) — 42.44 focus

[1]

Chalcidem ut ventum est, aliarum civitatium principes, id quod maxume gratum erat Romanis, suo quisque proprio decreto, regiam societatem aspernati, Romanis se adiungebant, Ismenias gentem Boeotorum in fidem Romanorum permitti aecum censebat.

[2] inde certamine orto, nisi in tribunal legatorum perfugisset, haud multum afuit, quin ab exulibus fautoribusque eorum interficeretur.

[3] Thebae quoque ipsae, quod Boeotiae caput est, in magno motu erant, aliis ad regem trahentibus civitatem, aliis ad Romanos.

[4] et turba Coronaeorum Haliartiorumque eo convenerat ad defendendum decretum regiae societatis. sed constantia principum docentium cladibus Philippi Antiochique, quanta esset vis et fortuna imperii Romani, victa tandem multitudo et ut tolleretur regia societas decrevit et eos, qui auctores paciscendae amicitiae fuerant, ad satisfaciendum legatis Chalcidem misit ¹ fideique legatorum commendari civitatem iussit.

[5] Thebanos Marcius et Atilius laeti audierunt auctoresque et his et separatim singulis fuerunt ad renovandam amicitiam mittendi Romam legatos.

[6] ante omnia exules restitui iusserunt et auctores regiae societatis decreto suo damnarunt. ita, quod maxume volebant, discusso Boeotico concilio Peloponnesum proficiscuntur Ser. Cornelio Chalcidem accersito.

[7] Argis praebitum est iis concilium; ubi res nihil aliud a gente Achaeorum petierunt, quam ut mille milites darent.

[8] id praesidium ad Chalcidem tuendam, dum Romanus exercitus in Graeciam traiceretur, missum est. Marcius et Atilius peractis, quae agenda in Graecia erant, principio hiemis Romam redierunt.

Translations (2)

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 42.44 focus

[1]

When they were all arrived at Chalcis, the chiefs of the other states, each by a particular decree of their own, renounced the alliance of Perseus, and joined themselves to the Romans, a circumstance which gave very great pleasure to the latter.

[2] Ismenias recommended, that the Bœotian nation should be placed under the orders of Rome; on which so violent a dispute arose, that, if he had not fled for shelter to the tribunal of the ambassadors, he would not have

[3] been far from losing his life by the hands of the exiles and their abettors. Thebes itself, the capital of Bœotia, was in a violent ferment, one party struggling hard to bring the state over to the king, the other to the Romans; and multitudes had come together, from Coronae and Haliartus, to support the decree in favour of Perseus.

[4] But by the firmness of the chiefs, (who desired them to judge, from the defeats of Philip and Antiochus, how great must be the power and fortune of the Roman empire,) the same multitude was overcome, and not only resolved that the alliance with the king should be cancelled, but also, to gratify the ambassadors, sent the promoters of that alliance to Chalcis;

[5] and ordered, that the state should be recommended to the protection of the Romans.

[6] Marcius and Atilius heard the Thebans with joy, and advised both them and each state separately to send ambassadors to Rome to renew the treaty. They required, above all things, that the exiles should be restored; and condemned by their own decree the advisers of the treaty with the king.

[7] Having thus disunited the members of the Bœotian council, which was their grand object, they proceeded to Peloponnesus, after summoning Servius Cornelius to Chalcis.

[8] An assembly was summoned to meet them at Argos, where they demanded nothing more from the Achaeans, than the furnishing of one thousand soldiers, which were sent as a garrison to defend Chalcis until a Roman army should come into Greece.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 42.44 focus

[1]

After their arrival in Chalcis the first magistrates of the different cities, in accordance with the decrees of their respective councils, denounced the league with Perseus, to the great gratification of the Romans, and declared themselves on the side of Rome. Ismenias thought that the right course to adopt would be for the Boeotian nation as a whole to place itself under the suzerainty of Rome.

[2] This led to a quarrel, and if he had not taken refuge at the commissioners' tribunal he would have had a narrow escape from being killed by the exiles and their supporters.

[3] Thebes, the capital of Boeotia, was itself in a state of great excitement, one faction trying to bring the city over to the king, the other to the Romans.

[4] People from Coronea and Haliartus had flocked in crowds to Thebes to defend the decree for alliance with the king. But the magistrates were firm, they pointed to the final defeats of Philip and Antiochus as proving the power and good fortune of the Roman government, and the citizens were at last convinced.

[5] They decreed that the alliance with the king should be put an end to, and sent those who had advocated friendship with Perseus to make their peace with the commissioners, and ordered the citizens to place themselves at the disposal of the commissioners. Marcius and Atilius were glad to hear this decision of the Thebans, and advised them and the other cities to send each their own envoys to renew friendly relations with Rome.

[6] They insisted on the restoration of the exiles as the first thing, and issued a decree condemning the authors of the alliance with Perseus. Thus, what they wanted most of all, the dissolution of the Boeotian League, was effected.

[7] They then left for the Peloponnese and sent for Ser. Cornelius to Chalcis. A council was summoned to meet them at Argos.

[8] They only asked the Achaeans to furnish them with 1000 soldiers. These were sent to garrison Chalcis until the Roman army landed in Greece. Having thus completed their business in Greece, Marcius and Atilius returned to Rome at the commencement of winter.

Notes on the current edition

Ab Urbe Condita With An English Translation, books 1-10, 21-45, with periochae 11-20

1. As Polybius XXVII. 1. 2-3 points out, this was unacceptable to the Romans, who wanted to destroy the Boeotian League (cf. 6 below).

2. The exact meaning of tribunal (usually, an official platform) here is uncertain; Polybius 1. 6 speaks of di/qura (lit. double doors) translated

porch

by Paton, L.C.L.

3. B.C. 172

4. According to Polybius XXVII 1. 9 Olympichus of Coronea swung over to the Roman side, and carried the assembly with him; Livy trusts the upper classes, and suspects the worst of the commons, cf. e.g. above ch. xxx. 1; the attitude is that adopted by the Romans as a principle of provincial management.

5. According to Polybius XXVII. 2. 8-9, Ismenias and Dicetas were imprisoned and committed suicide; Neon, the third pro-Macedonian leader, escaped to Macedonia.

6. Cf. Polybius, loc. cit., 11.

7. Chalcis was one of the three

fetters of Greece,

cf. XXXI. xxiii. 11-12, XXXII. xxxvii. 3, XXXIII. xxxi. 4 and 11, XXXV. xxxiv. 4.

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 42.44

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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