Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 40.18

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[1] The election of consuls took place: the¹ successful candidates were Publius Cornelius Lentulus² and Marcus Baebius Tamphilus.

[2] Next the praetors were chosen, two named Quintus Fabius, Maximus and Buteo, Tiberius Claudius Nero, Quintus Petilius Spurinus, Marcus Pinarius Rusca, Lucius Duronius. When they had been inaugurated, the provinces³ were assigned by lot.

[3] Liguria was given to the consuls. Among the praetors, the civil jurisdiction was allotted to Quintus Petilius, that between citizens and aliens to Quintus Fabius Maximus, Gaul to Quintus Fabius Buteo, Sicily to Tiberius Claudius Nero, Sardinia to Marcus Pinarius, Apulia to Lucius Duronius;

[4] the Histrians⁴ were also added because the news had come from Tarentum and Brundisium that the lands along the coasts were endangered by piracy on the part of the ships from across the sea. The Massilians made the same complaint about the ships of the Ligurians.

[5] Then the armies were decreed —four legions for the consuls, each to consist of fifty-two hundred Roman infantry, and three hundred cavalry, and fifteen thousand infantry and eight hundred cavalry of the allies of the Latin confederacy.

[6] In the Spains the imperium of the old praetors was extended, with the armies which they had, and they decreed as reinforcements three thousand Roman citizens and two hundred cavalry and of the allies of the Latin confederacy six thousand infantry and three hundred cavalry. Nor was care for the fleet omitted.⁵

[7] The consuls were directed to secure the election of a⁶ board of two for this purpose, by whom twenty ships, launched from the yards, would be manned by Roman citizens who had been slaves, serving as marines,⁷ employing free-born citizens only as commanders.

[8] The defence of the coast was divided between the duumvirs, ten ships being assigned to each, in such a way that the promontory of Minerva⁸ was, so to speak, the joint⁹ between them; thence one should defend the right sector as far as Massilia, the other the left as far as Barium.¹⁰

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

History of Rome (English) (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library))

Editions (3)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 40.18 focus

[1] comitia consulibus rogandis fuere: creati P. Cornelius Lentulus M. Baebius Tamphilus.

[2] praetores inde facti duo Q. Fabii, Maximus et Buteo, Ti. Claudius Nero Q. Petilius Spurinus M. Pinarius Rusca L. Duronius.

[3] his inito magistratu provinciae ita sorte evenerunt: Ligures consulibus, praetoribus Q. Petilio urbana, Q. Fabio Maximo peregrina, Q. Fabio Buteoni Gallia, Ti. Claudio Neroni Sicilia, M. Pinario Sardinia, L. Duronio Apulia;

[4] et Histri adiecti, quod Tarentini Brundisinique nuntiabant maritimos agros infestos transmarinarum navium latrociniis esse. eadem Massilienses de Ligurum navibus querebantur.

[5] exercitus inde decreti, quattuor legiones consulibus, quae quina milia ducenos Romanos pedites, trecenos haberent equites, et quindecim milia socium ac Latini nominis, octingenti equites.

[6] in Hispaniis prorogatum veteribus praetoribus imperium est cum exercitibus, quos haberent, et in supplementum decretl decreta tria milia civium Romanorulm ducenti equites, et socium Latini nominis sex milia peditum, trecenti equites.

[7] nec rei navalis cura omissa. duumviros in earn eam rem consules creare iussi, per quos naves viginti deductae navalibus sociis civibus Romanis, qui servitutem servissent, complerentur, ingenui tantum ut iis praeessent.

[8] inter duumviros ita divisa tuenda denis navibus maritima ora, ut promunturium iis Minervae velut cardo in medio esset; alter inde dextram partem usque ad Massiliam, laevam alter usque ad Barium tueretur.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).) — 43.18 focus

[1]

Perseus principio hiemis egredi Macedoniae finibus non ausus, ¹ ne qua in regnum vacuum inrumperent Romani, sub tempus brumae, cum inexsuperabilis ² ab Thessalia montes nivis altitudo altitude³ facit,

[2] occasionem esse ratus frangendi finitimorum spes animosque, ne quid averso se ⁴ in Romanum bellum periculi ab iis esset ⁵ cum a Thracia pacem Cotys, ab Epiro Cephalus repentina defectione ab Romanis praestarent, Dardanos recens domuisset bellum, ⁶

[3] solum infestum esse Macedoniae latus quod ab Illyrico pateret cernens, neque ipsis quietis Illyriis et aditum praebentibus Romano ⁷ si domuisset proximos Illyriorum Gentium quoque regem iam diu dubium in societatem perlici posse, cum decem milibus peditum,

[4] quorum pars phalangitae erant, et duobus milibus levium armorum ⁸ et quingentis equitibus profectus Stuberram venit.

[5] inde frumento complurium dierum sumpto iussoque apparatu oppugnandarum urbium sequi, tertio die ad Uscanam ⁹ Penestianae terrae ea maxima ¹⁰ urbs est—posuit castra, ¹¹

[6] prius tamen quam vim admoveret, missis qui temptarent nunc praefectorum praesidii, nunc oppidanorum animos. erat autem ibi cum iuventute Illyriorum Romanum praesidium. ¹²

[7] Postquam nihil pacati referebant oppugnare est adortus ¹³ et corona eam earn capere conatus est. ¹⁴ cum sine intermissione ¹⁵ interdiu noctuque alii aliis succedentes, pars scalas muris, pars ¹⁶ ignem portis inferrent, sustinebant tamen eam tempestatem propugnatores urbis,

[8] quia spes erat neque hiemis vim diutius pati Macedonas in aperto posse, nec ab Romano bello tantum regi laxamenti fore ut posset morari.

[9] ceterum postquam vineas agi turresque excitari vident, ¹⁷ victa pertinacia est. nam praeterquam quod adversus vim pares non erant, ne frumenti quidem aut ullius alterius rei copia intus erat, ut in necopinata obsidione.

[10] itaque cum spei nihil ad resistendum esset, C. Carvilius Spoletinus et C. Afranius a praesidio Romano missi qui a Perseo peterent primo ut armatos suaque secum ferentis abire sineret, dein, si id minus impetrarent, vitae tantum libertatisque fidem acciperent.

[11] promissum id benignius est ab rege quam praestitum; exire enim sua secum efferentibus iussis primum arma, dein libertatem ¹⁸ ademit. his urbe ¹⁹ egressis et Illyriorum cohors - quingenti erant - et, Uscanenses ²⁰ se urbemque dediderunt.

Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn Perseus (Weissenborn, W.; Müller, H. J., editors. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1873-1883.) — 40.18 focus

[1]

comitia consulibus rogandis fuere; creati P. Cornelius Lentulus

[2] M. Baebius Tamphilus . praetores inde facti duo Q. Fabii , Maximus et Buteo, Ti. Claudius Nero Q. Petilius Spurinus M. Pinarius Rusca L. Duronius .

[4] et Histri adiecti, quod Tarentini Brundisinique nuntiabant maritimos ¹ agros infestos transmarinarum navium latrociniis esse. eadem Massilienses de Ligurum navibus querebantur.

[5] exercitus inde decreti: quattuor legiones consulibus, quae quina milia ducenos Romanos pedites, trecenos haberent equites, et quindecim milia socium ac Latini nominis, octingenti equites.

[6] in Hispaniis prorogatum veteribus praetoribus imperium est cum exercitibus, quos haberent, et in supplementum decreta tria milia civium Romanorum, ducenti equites, et socium Latini nominis sex milia peditum, trecenti equites.

[7] nec rei navalis cura omissa. duumviros in eam rem consules creare iussi, per quos naves viginti deductae navalibus sociis civibus Romanis, qui servitutem servissent, complerentur, ingenui tantum ut iis praeessent.

Translations (2)

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 40.18 focus

[1]

The assembly for the election of consuls was held, and Publius Cornelius Cethegus and Marcus Baebius Tamphilus were chosen.

[2] The praetors were afterwards elected, Quintus Fabius Maximus, Quintus Fabius Buteo, Tiberius Claudius Nero, Quintus Petillius Spurinus, Marcus Pinarius Posca, and Lucius Duronius.

[3] When the magistrates entered into office, the provinces fell to these by lot in the following order: to the consuls, Liguria; to the praetors, Quintus Petillius, the city, and Quintus Fabius Maximus, the foreign jurisdiction; to Quintus Fabius Buteo, Gaul; to Tiberius Claudius Nero, Sicily; to Marcus Pinarius, Sardinia;

[4] and to Lucius Duronius, Apulia, to which was annexed Istria also, because information was received at Tarentum and Brundusium, that the lands bordering on the sea were infested by robberies committed by foreign piratical ships. The Massilians made the same complaint, with regard to the ships of the Ligurians.

[5] The armies were then voted, to the consuls four Roman legions (each consisting of five thousand two hundred foot and three hundred horse); and fifteen thousand foot and eight hundred horse of the allies and Latins.

[6] In the Spains, the old praetors were continued in command, with the armies which they then had; and as an augmentation, there were voted for them, three thousand Roman citizens with two hundred horse, and six thousand foot and three hundred horse of the Latin confederates. Nor was the business of the fleet neglected.

[7] The consuls were ordered to constitute duumvirs for conducting that department; by whom, twenty ships which they had launched were to be manned with Roman citizens who had been in servitude; with this proviso only, that free-born officers should command them.

[8] The duty of guarding the coast was so arranged between the duumvirs, each of whom had the command of ten ships, that the promontory of Minerva formed the point of division between them': one was to defend the part on the right, as far as Marseilles; the other, that on the left, extending to the town of Barium.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 40.18 focus

[1]

The new consuls were M. Baebius Tamphilus and P. Cornelius Lentulus.

[2] Liguria was assigned as their province. The assignment of provinces to the new praetors was as follows: The civic jurisdiction fell to Q. Petilius, the alien to Q. Fabius Maximus;

[3] Gaul to Q. Fabius Buteo; Sicily to Tiberius Claudius Nero; Sardinia to M. Pinarius; Apulia to L. Duronius, who was also to command in Histria, because news was received from Tarentum and Brundisium that the fields on the coast were being plundered by pirates from overseas.

[4] The same complaint was made by Marseilles about the ships of the Ligurians. The military requirements were then determined.

[5] Four legions were assigned to the consuls, each consisting of 5200 Roman infantry and 300 cavalry, and also 15,000 infantry to be drawn from the Latin allies and 800 cavalry.

[6] The former praetors remained in Spain with the armies they had, and reinforcements were sent to them of 3000 Roman citizens and 200 cavalry, together with 6000 allied infantry and 300 cavalry. Naval affairs were not lost sight of.

[7] The consuls appointed two officers to man twenty ships with crews of Roman citizens who had the status of freedmen, the officers alone being freeborn citizens. These two officers were responsible for the defence of the coast, each commanding ten ships, and their spheres of action were separated by the promontory of Minerva, which formed the centre of the defence;

[8] the operations of the one extending from that point westward to Marseilles; those of the other, south and east as far as Barium.

Notes on the current edition

Ab Urbe Condita With An English Translation, books 1-10, 21-45, with periochae 11-20

1. B.C. 182

2. The Fasti give the cognomen as Cethegus.

3. B.C. 181

4. From xxvi. 2 below it appears that Buteo was in Histria, and from xlii. 1 below that Duronius was in Illyricum later. Livy may be mistaken, or this clause may be misplaced. Cf. Zippel, Die roemische Herrschaft in Illyrium bis auf Augustus (Leipzig, 1877), 81.

5. As usual at the end of a war, the Romans had neglected the fleet after the defeat of Antiochus, and the ships had been docked. In the light of the information received, provision is now made for launching and manning them. While during the recent wars the fleets had been commanded by legati or by praetors, duumviri navales, magistrates chosen only for special occasions, are now named.

6. B.C. 181

7. Roman citizens were not ordinarily assigned to duty at sea.

8. Probably the cape of Sorrento, near Naples.

9. Literally, the pivot or hinge (on which a door would swing), but, in surveying, a limiting boundary or reference point.

10. The modern Bari, on the Adriatic.

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 40.18

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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