Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 35.51

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[1] Delium is a temple of Apollo, overlooking the sea; it is five miles away from Tanagra; the crossing by sea from there to the nearest parts of Euboea is less than four miles.

[2] Not only were they in a shrine and sacred grove, of so religious a character, and under the law of sanctuary which protects those temples which the Greeks call

asylums,

but also the war had as yet been neither declared¹ nor brought to such an issue that they had seen swords drawn or blood shed anywhere, while the soldiers

[3] were wandering around completely at ease, some going to see the temple and the grove, some strolling along the shore unarmed, and a great part scattering through the country in quest of wood and forage;

[4] suddenly Menippus fell upon them as they straggled here and there and slew them,² and captured about fifty alive; a very few got away, among them Micythio, who was picked up by a small trading-vessel.

[5] Just as the loss of the soldiers was annoying to Quinctius and the Romans, so too the affair seemed to have given some further justification for declaring war on Antiochus.

[6] Antiochus moved his³ army up to Aulis, and when he had again sent ambassadors to Chalcis, some of his own people and some Aetolians, who urged in more threatening language the same course they had recently advised, although Micythio and Xenoclides vainly strove against it, he easily gained his point that the gates should be opened to him.

[7] Those of the Roman party left the city at the approach of the king. The soldiers of the Achaeans and Eumenes held Salganeus, and on the Euripus a few Roman soldiers built a fort to guard the place. Menippus attacked Salganeus, the king himself began to attack the fort on the Euripus.

[8] The Achaeans and the soldiers of Eumenes were the first to bargain that they be allowed to depart under safeguard and left their post; with greater stubbornness the Romans tried to hold the Euripus.

[9] Nevertheless, even they, when they were besieged by land and sea and saw the engines and artillery being moved forward, did not withstand the siege.

[10] Since the king held this, which was the chief city of Euboea, the other cities of the island did not disobey his orders, and he seemed to himself to have made an important start to the war in the fact that so great an island and so many well-situated cities had come under his sway.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

History of Rome (English) (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library))

Editions (3)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 35.51 focus

[1] templum est Apollinis Delium, imminens mari; quinque milia passuum ab Tanagra abest; minus quattuor milium inde in proxima Euboeae est maria mari traiectus.

[2] ubi et in fano lucoque ea religione et eo iure sancto, quo sunt templa, quae asyla Graeci appellant, et nondum aut indicto bello aut ita commisso, ut strictos gladios aut sanguinem usquam factum audissent,

[3] cum per magnum otium milites alii ad spectaculum templi lucique versi, alii in littore inermes vagarentur, magna pars per agros lignatum pabulatumque dilapsa esset,

[4] repente Menippus palates palatos passim adgressus † eos cecidit, ad (quinquaginta quinquaginta vivos cepit; perpauci effugerunt, in quibus Micythio parva oneraria nave exceptus.

[5] ea res Quinctio Romanisque sicut iactura militum molesta, ita ad ius inferendi Antiocho belli adiecisse aliquantum videbatur.

[6] Antiochus admoto ad Aulidem exercitu, cum rursus oratores partim ex suis partim Aetolos Chalcidem misisset, qui eadem illa, quae nuper, cum minis gravioribus agerent, nequiquam contra Micythione et Xenoclide tendentibus facile tenuit, ut portae sibi aperirentur.

[7] qui Romanae partis erant sub adventum regis urbe excesserunt. Achaeorum et Eumenis milites Salganea tenebant, et in Euripo castellum Romani milites pauci custodial custodiae causa loci communiebant.

[8] Salganea Menippus, rex ipse castellum Euripi oppugnare est adortus. priores Achaei et Eumenis milites pacti, ut sine fraude liceret abire, praesidio excesserunt;

[9] pertinacius Romani Euripum tuebantur. hi quoque tamen, cum terra marique obsiderentur et iam machinas tormentaque adportari viderent, non tulere obsidionem.

[10] cum id, quod caput erat Euboeae, teneret rex, ne ceterae quidem insulae eius urbes imperium abnuerunt; magnoque principio sibi orsus bellum videbatur, quod tanta insula et tot opportunae urbes in suam dicionem venissent.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).) — 30.45 focus

[1]

pace terra marique parta, exercitu in naves inposito, in Siciliam Lilybaeum traiecit.

[2] inde magna parte militum navibus ¹ missa ipse per ² laetam pace non minus quam victoria Italiam, effusis non urbibus modo ad habendos honores, sed agrestium etiam turba obsidente vias, Romam pervenit triumphoque omnium clarissimo urbem est invectus.

[3] argenti tulit in aerarium pondo centum viginti tria milia. ³ militibus ex praeda quadringenos aeris divisit.

[4] morte⁴ subtractus spectaculo magis hominum quam triumphantis gloriae Syphax est, Tiburi haud ita multo ante mortuus, quo ab Alba traductus fuerat. conspecta tamen mors eius fuit, quia publico funere est elatus.

[5] hunc regem in triumpho ductum Polybius, haudquaquam spernendus auctor, tradit. secutus Scipionem triumphantem est pilleo capiti inposito Q. Terentius Culleo, omnique deinde vita, ut dignum erat, libertatis auctorem coluit.

[6] africani cognomen militaris prius favor an popularis aura celebraverit an, sicuti Felicis Sullae Magnique Pompei patrum memoria, coeptum ab adsentatione familiari sit parum compertum habeo.

[7] primus certe hic hie imperator nomine victae ab se gentis est nobilitatus; exemplo deinde huius nequaquam victoria pares insignes imaginum imaginun titulos claraque cognomina familiarum ⁵ fecerunt. ⁶

Ab urbe condita libri, erklärt von M. Weissenborn Perseus (Weissenborn, W.; Müller, H. J., editors. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, 1873-1883.) — 35.51 focus

[1]

templum est Apollinis Delium, imminens mari; quinque milia passuum ab Tanagra abest; minus quattuor milium inde in proxima Euboeae est mari traiectus.

[2] ubi et in fano lucoque ea religione et eo iure sancto, quo sunt templa, quae asyla Graeci appellant, et nondum aut indicto bello aut ita commisso, ¹ ut strictos gladios aut sanguinem usquam factum audissent,

[3] cum per magnum otium milites alii ad spectaculum templi lucique versi, alii in littore inermes vagarentur, magna pars per agros lignatum pabulatumque dilapsa esset,

[4] repente Menippus palatos passim adgressus eos cecidit, ad quinquaginta vivos cepit; perpauci effugerunt, in quibus Micythio parva oneraria nave exceptus.

[5] ea res Quinctio Romanisque sicut iactura militum molesta, ita ad ius inferendi Antiocho belli adiecisse aliquantum videbatur.

[7] qui Romanae partis erant sub adventum regis urbe excesserunt. Achaeorum et Eumenis milites Salganea tenebant, et in Euripo castellum Romani milites pauci custodiae causa loci communiebant.

[8] Salganea Menippus, rex ipse castellum Euripi ² oppugnare est adortus. priores Achaei et Eumenis milites pacti, ut sine fraude liceret abire, praesidio excesserunt; pertinacius Romani Euripum tuebantur.

[9] hi quoque tamen, cum terra marique obsiderentur et iam machinas tormentaque adportari viderent, non tulere obsidionem.

[10] cum id, quod caput erat Euboeae, teneret rex, ne ceterae quidem eius insulae urbes imperium abnuerunt; magnoque principio sibi orsus bellum videbatur, quod tanta insula et tot opportunae urbes in suam dicionem venissent.

Translations (2)

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 35.51 focus

[1]

Delium is a temple of Apollo, standing over the sea, five miles distant from Tanagra; and the passage thence, to the nearest part of Eubœa, is less than four miles.

[2] As they were in this sacred building and grove, sanctified with all that religious awe and those privileges which belong to temples, called by the Greeks asylums, (war not being yet either proclaimed, or so far commenced as that they had heard of swords being drawn, or blood shed any where,) the soldiers, in perfect tranquillity, amused themselves, some with viewing the temple and groves;

[3] others with walking about unarmed, on the strand; and a great part had gone different ways in quest of wood and forage; when, on a sudden, Menippus attacked them in that scattered condition, slew many, and took fifty of them prisoners.

[4] Very few made their escape, among whom was Mictio, who was received on board a small trading vessel. Though this event caused much grief to Quinctius and the Romans, on account of the loss of

[5] their men, yet it seemed to add much to the justification of their cause in making war on Antiochus.

[6] Antiochus, when arrived with his army so near as Aulis, sent again to Chalcis a deputation, composed partly of his own people, and partly of Aetolians, to treat on the same grounds as before, but with heavier denunciations of vengeance: and, notwithstanding all the efforts of Mictio and Xenoclides to the contrary, he easily gained his object, that the gates should be opened to him.

[7] Those who adhered to the Roman interest, on the approach of the king, withdrew from the city. The soldiers of the Achaeans, and Eumenes, held Salganea; and the few Romans, who had escaped, raised, for the security of the place, a little fort on the Euripus.

[8] Menippus laid siege to Salganea, and the king himself to the fort. The Achaeans and Eumenes' soldiers first surrendered, on the terms of being allowed to retire in safety. The Romans defended the Euripus with more obstinacy.

[9] But even these, when they were completely invested both by land and sea, and saw the machines and engines prepared for an assault, sustained the siege no longer.

[10] The king, having thus got possession of the capital of Eubœa, the other cities of the island did not even refuse to obey his authority; and he seemed to himself to have signalized the commencement of the war by an important acquisition, in having brought under his power so great an island, and so many cities conveniently situated.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 35.51 focus

[1]

Delium is a temple of Apollo overlooking the sea, five miles distant from Tanagra and four miles from the nearest point of Euboea by sea.

[2] Here in the fane and in the grove, sacred and therefore inviolable, with its rights of sanctuary which it possessed in common with those temples which the Greeks call "asyla," the soldiers were walking about perfectly at their ease, not having yet heard that a state of war existed or that swords had been drawn and blood shed.

[3] Some were exploring the temple and the grove, others strolling along the beach without any weapons, while a large number had gone off to procure wood and fodder. Whilst thus dispersed they were suddenly attacked by Menippus. Many were killed, as many as fifty were made prisoners; very few made their escape.

[4] Amongst these was Micythio, who was taken on board a small transport. The losses incurred greatly disquieted Quinctius and the Romans, but at the same time it was regarded as an additional justification for the war.

[5] Antiochus had moved his army up to Aulis and from there he despatched a second mission to Chalcis, consisting of some of his own people and some Aetolians.

[6] They employed the same arguments as before, but in much more threatening tone, and in spite of the efforts of Micythio and Xenoclides he had little difficulty in inducing the townsmen to open the gates to him. The adherents of Rome left the city just before the king's entry.

[7] The Achaean troops and those of Eumenes were holding Salganeus, and a small body of Romans were fortifying a post on the Euripus to defend the position. Menippus commenced the attack on Salganeus and Antiochus prepared to capture the fortified post.

[8] The Achaeans and the soldiers of Eumenes were the first to abandon the defence on condition of being allowed to depart in safety.

[9] The Romans offered a much stouter resistance, but when they found that they were blockaded by land and sea and that siege artillery was being brought up they were unable to hold out any longer.

[10] As the king was now in possession of the capital of Euboea, the other cities on the island did not dispute his dominion. He flattered himself that he had made a most successful commencement of the war, considering how large an island and how many serviceable cities had fallen into his hands.

Notes on the current edition

Ab Urbe Condita With An English Translation, books 1-10, 21-45, with periochae 11-20

1. Rome had not formally declared war, although the Achaeans had done so (comparing 1, 2 and 5 above). Whether the presence of these soldiers here on this errand constituted a tacit recognition that a state of war existed is debatable.

2. A numeral has dropped out of the text. Some editors supply trecentos, to leave some survivors (in addition to the fifty prisoners and the

very few

mentioned in the next clause) to garrison the fort mentioned in sect. 7 below.

3. B.C. 192

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 35.51

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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