Titus Livius (Livy), Ab urbe condita, Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor), 28.45

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[1]

Scipio met with a less favourable hearing because it had been generally reported that, if he should not carry his point in the senate and have Africa decreed him as his province, he would at once bring a bill before the people.

[2] And so Quintus Fulvius, who had been consul four times and censor, demanded of the consul that he should frankly state in the senate whether he would permit the senators to make a decree in regard to the provinces and would stand by their vote, or was intending to bring a bill before the people.

[3] When Scipio replied that he would act for the best interests of the state, Fulvius said:

[4]

I was not unaware, when I asked my question, of the answer you would give or of what you would do, since you make it plain that you are sounding the senate rather than consulting it, and since, unless we at once decree for you the province which you have desired, you have a bill ready.

[5]

Accordingly, tribunes of the people

he said

I demand of you that you come to my defence if I decline to express an opinion for the reason that, even in case our vote by division should favour a motion of mine, the consul will not consider it valid.

[6] Then arose a dispute, the consul maintaining that it was not right for the tribunes to use their veto to excuse a senator from stating his opinion when called upon in his regular order.

[7] The tribunes made this decree:

If the ¹ consul permits the senate to assign the provinces, we decide that he must stand by the vote of the senate, and we will not allow a bill touching that matter to be brought before the people.

[8]

If he does not permit, we will come to the defence of a man who refuses to express an opinion on that matter.

The consul begged for one day to confer with his colleague; on the next day he gave the senate his permission.

[9] The provinces were assigned by decree as follows: to one of the consuls Sicily and the thirty war-ships ³ which Gius Servilius had commanded in the previous year; ⁴ and permission to cross over to Africa was given, if he should consider that to be to the advantage of the state; to the other consul the land of the Bruttians and the war with Hannibal, together with the army which he preferred. ⁵

[10] Lucius Veturius and Quintus Caecilius were to decide between them by lot or by arrangement which of them was to wage war in the Bruttian land with the two legions which the

[11] consul should leave there, and whichever should have that province assigned to him was to have his command continued for one year.

[12] And for the rest who were to command armies and provinces —apart from consuls and praetors —their commands were continued. It fell to Quintus Caecilius by lot to wage war together with the consul in the Bruttian land against Hannibal.

Scipio's games were then held with great crowds ⁶ and great approval on the part of the spectators.

[13] As ambassadors Marcus Pomponius Matho and Quintus Catius were sent to Delphi to carry a gift from the spoils of Hasdrubal. They took a golden wreath weighing two hundred pounds and representations of spoils ⁷ made of a thousand pounds of silver.

[14] Although he had neither gained consent to hold a levy, nor had been especially insistent, Scipio obtained permission to take volunteers and to receive whatever should be given by the allies towards the construction of new ships, —this because he had stated that the fleet would not be an expense to the state.

[15] First the Etruscan communities promised that they would aid the consul, each according to its own resources.

[16] The men of Caere promised grain for the crews and supplies of every kind, the men of Populonium ⁸ iron, Tarquinii linen for sails, Volaterrae the interior fittings of ships, also grain.

[17] Arretium promised three thousand shields, an equal number of helmets; and that they would furnish a total of fifty thousand javelins, short spears and lances, with an equal proportion of each type; also axes, shovels, sickles, baskets and hand-mills, as many as were needed for forty war-ships;

[18] a hundred and twenty thousand pecks of wheat also; and that they would contribute allowances ⁹ for petty officers and oarsmen. Perusia, Clusium and Rusellae ¹⁰ promised fir for shipbuilding and a great quantity of grain.

[19] He used fir also from forests belonging to the state. ¹¹ The communities of Umbria and in addition Nursia and Reate and Amiternum and the whole Sabine district promised soldiers.

[20] Marsians, Paelignians and Marrucini in large numbers gave in their names as volunteers for the fleet.

[21] Camerinum, although it treated with the Romans on an equal footing, sent an armed cohort of six hundred men. ¹² After thirty keels had been laid down, twenty quinqueremes and ten quadriremes, Scipio so pushed the work that on the forty-fifth day after the timber had been brought from the forests the ships, rigged and equipped, were launched.

Ab urbe condita. Titus Livius (Livy). Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor). Medford, MA. .

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

History of Rome (English) (Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Sage, Evan T.; Schlesinger, Alfred C., translators. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press; William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959. (Loeb Classical Library))

Editions (3)

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Pars I-IV, Libri I-XL. Editio Stereotypica. Weissenborn, Wilhelm; Mueller, Moritz, editors. Leipzig: Teubner, 1884-1911.) — 28.45 focus

[1] minus aequis animis auditus est Scipio, quia vulgatum erat, si apud senatum non obtinuisset, ut provincia Africa sibi decerneretur, ad populum extenplo extemplo laturum.

[2] itaque Q. Fulvius, qui consul quater et censor fuerat, postulavit a consule, ut palam in senatu diceret, permitteretne patribus, ut de provinciis decernerent, staturusque eo esset, quod censuissent, an ad populum laturus.

[3] cum Scipio respondisset se quod e re publica esset facturum, tum Fulvius:

[4] “non ego ignarus, quid responsurus facturusve esses, quaesivi, quippe cum prae te feras temptare te magis quam consulere senatum, et, ni provinciam tibi, quam volueris, extemplo decernamus, paratam rogationem habeas.

[5] itaque a vobis, tribuni plebis, postulo” inquit, “ut sententiam mihi ideo non dicenti, quod, etsi in meam sententiam discedatur, non sit ratum habiturus consul,

[6] auxilio sitis.” inde altercatio orta, cum consul negaret aequum esse tribunos intercedere, quo minus suo quisque loco senator rogatus sententiam diceret. tribuni ita decreverunt:

[7] “si consul senatui de provinciis permittit, stari eo, quod senatus censuerit, placet, nec de ea re ferri ad populum patiemur; si non permittit, qui de ea re sententiam recusabit dicere, auxilio erimus.”

[8] consul diem ad conloquendum cum conlega petiit. poster postero die permissum senatui est. provinciae ita decretae: alteri consuli Sicilia et triginta rostratae naves, quas C. Servilius superiore anno habuisset, permissumque, ut in Africam, si id e re publica esse censeret, traiceret;

[9] alteri Bruttii et bellum cum Hannibale cum eo exercitu, quem mallet ex duobus, qui ibi essent. L. Veturius et Q. Caecilius sortirentur inter se compararentve, uter in Bruttiis duabus legionibus, quas consul reliquisset, rem gereret, imperiumque in annum prorogaretur cui ea provincia evenisset.

[10] et ceteris praeter consules praetoresque, qui exercitibus provinciisque praefuturi erant, prorogata imperia.

[11] Q. Caecilio sorti evenit ut cum consule in Bruttiis adversus Hannibalem bellum gereret. ludi deinde Scipionis magna frequentia

[12] et favore spectantium celebrati. legati Delphos ad donum ex praeda Hasdrubalis portandum missi M. Pomponius Matho et Q. Catius. tulerunt coronam auream ducentum pondo et simulacra spoliorum ex mille pondo argenti facta.

[13] Scipio cum ut dilectum haberet, neque impetrasset neque magnopere tetendisset, ut voluntarios ducere sibi milites liceret,

[14] tenuit et, quia inpensae negaverat rei publicae futuram classem, ut quae ab sociis darentur ad novas fabricandas naves acciperet. Etruriae primum populi pro suis quisque facultatibus consulem adiuturos polliciti:

[15] Caerites frumentum sociis navalibus commeatumque omnis generis, Populonienses ferrum, Tarquinienses lintea in vela, Volaterrani interamenta navium et frumentum,

[16] Arretini tria milia scutorum, galeas totidem, pila gaesa hastas longas, milium quinquaginta summam pari cuiusque generis numero expleturos, secures rutra falces alveolos molas, quantum in quadraginta longas naves opus esset,

[17] tritici centum et viginti milia modium, et in viaticum decurionibus remigibusque conlaturos;

[18] Perusini Clusini Russellani Rusellani abietem in fabricandas naves et frumenti magnum numerum; abiete ex publicis silvis est usus.

[19] Umbriae populi et praeter hos Nursini et Reatini et Amiternini Sabinusque omnis ager milites polliciti; Marsi Paeligni Marrucinique multi voluntarii nomina in classem dederunt.

[20] Camertes cum aequo foedere cum Romanis essent, cohortem armatam sescentorum hominum miserunt.

[21] triginta navium carinae, viginti quinqueremes, decem quadriremes, cum essent positae, ipse ita institit operi, ut die quadragesimo quinto, quam ex silvis detracta materia erat, naves instructae armataeque in aquam deductae sint.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Conway, Robert Seymour; Walters, Charles Flamstead; Johnson, Stephen Keymer, editors. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1914-1935. (Oxford Classical Texts)) — 28.45 focus

[1]

minus aequis animis auditus est Scipio quia uolgatum erat si apud senatum non obtinuisset ut prouincia Africa sibi decerneretur, ad populum extemplo laturum.

[2] itaque Q. Fuluius , qui consul quater et censor fuerat, postulauit a consule ut palam in senatu diceret permitteretne patribus ut de prouinciis decernerent staturusque eo esset quod censuissent an ad populum laturus.

[3] cum Scipio respondisset se quod e re publica esset facturum, tum Fuluius:

[4] 'non ego ignarus quid responsurus facturusue esses quaesiui, quippe cum prae te feras temptare te magis quam consulere senatum et ni prouinciam tibi quam uolueris extemplo decernamus paratam rogationem habeas.

[5] itaque a uobis, tribuni plebis, postulo' inquit 'ut sententiam mihi ideo non dicenti quod, etsi in meam sententiam discedatur, non sit ratum habiturus consul auxilio sitis.'

[6] inde altercatio orta cum consul negaret aequum esse tribunos intercedere quo minus suo quisque loco rogatus sententiam diceret.

[7] tribuni ita decreuerunt: 'si consul senatui de prouinciis permittit, stari eo quod senatus censuerit placet, nec de ea re ferri ad populum patiemur; si non permittit, qui de ea re sententiam recusabit dicere auxilio erimus.' consul diem ad conloquendum cum collega petit;

[8] postero die permissum senatui est. prouinciae ita decretae: alteri consuli Sicilia et triginta rostratae naues quas C. Seruilius superiore anno habuisset; permissumque ut in Africam, si id e re publica esse censeret, traiceret;

[9] alteri Bruttii et bellum cum Hannibale, cum eo exercitu quem††. L. Ueturius et Q. Caecilius sortirentur inter se compararentue uter in Bruttiis duabus legionibus quas consul reliquisset rem gereret,

[10] imperiumque in annum prorogaretur cui ea prouincia euenisset. et ceteris †praeter consules praetoresque qui exercitibus prouinciisque praefuturi† erant prorogata imperia.

[11] Q. Caecilio sorti euenit ut cum consule in Bruttiis aduersus Hannibalem bellum gereret.

[12] ludi deinde Scipionis magna frequentia et fauore spectantium celebrati. legati Delphos ad donum ex praeda Hasdrubalis portandum missi M. Pomponius Matho et Q. Catius . tulerunt coronam auream ducentum pondo et simulacra spoliorum ex mille pondo argenti facta.

[13] Scipio cum ut dilectum haberet neque impetrasset neque magnopere tetendisset, ut uoluntarios ducere sibi milites liceret tenuit et,

[14] quia impensae negauerat rei publicae futuram classem, ut quae ab sociis darentur ad nouas fabricandas naues acciperet. Etruriae primum populi pro suis quisque facultatibus consulem adiuturos polliciti:

[15] Caerites frumentum sociis naualibus commeatumque omnis generis, Populonenses ferrum, Tarquinienses lintea in uela, Uolaterrani interamenta nauium et frumentum,

[16] Arretini tria milia scutorum, galeas totidem, pila gaesa hastas longas, milium quinquaginta summam pari cuiusque generis numero expleturos,

[17] secures rutra falces alueolos molas quantum in quadraginta longas naues opus esset, tritici centum uiginti milia modium et in uiaticum decurionibus remigibusque conlaturos;

[18] Perusini Clusini Rusellani abietem in fabricandas naues et frumenti magnum numerum; abiete ltetgt ex publicis siluis est usus.

[19] Umbriae populi et praeter hos Nursini et Reatini et Amiternini Sabinusque omnis ager milites polliciti. Marsi Paeligni Marrucinique multi uoluntarii nomina in classem dederunt.

[20] Camertes cum aequo foedere cum Romanis essent cohortem armatam sescentorum hominum miserunt.

[21] triginta nauium carinae, uiginti quinqueremes decem quadriremes, cum essent positae ipse ita institit operi ut die quadragensimo quinto quam ex siluis detracta materia erat naues instructae armataeque in aquam deductae sint.

Ab urbe condita Perseus (Livy in Fourteen Volumes. Foster, Benjamin Oliver; Moore, Frank Gardener; Schlesinger, Alfred C., editors. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1919-1959 (printing).) — 28.45 focus

[1]

Minus aequis animis auditus est Scipio, quia volgatum erat, si apud senatum non obtinuisset ut provincia Africa sibi decerneretur, ad populum extemplo laturum.

[2] itaque Q. Fulvius, qui consul quater et censor ¹ fuerat, postulavit a consule ut palam in senatu diceret permitteretne patribus ut de provinciis decernerent, staturusque eo esset quod censuissent, an ad populum laturus.

[3] cum Scipio respondisset se quod e re publica esset facturum, tum Fulvius:

[4]

non ego ignarus quid responsurus facturusve esses quaesivi, quippe cum prae te feras temptare te ² magis quam consulere senatum, et ni provinciam tibi quam volueris extemplo decernamus, paratam rogationem habeas. itaque a vobis,

[5]

tribuni plebis, postulo

inquit

ut sententiam mihi ideo non dicenti quod, etsi ³ in meam sententiam discedatur, non sit ratum habiturus consul, auxilio sitis.

[6] inde altercatio orta, cum consul negaret aequum esse tribunos intercedere quo minus suo quisque loco senator ⁴ rogatus sententiam diceret.

[7] tribuni ita ⁵ decreverunt:

si consul senatui de provinciis permittit, stari eo quod senatus censuerit placet, nec de ea re ferri ad populum patiemur; si non permittit, qui de ea re sententiam recusabit dicere auxilio erimus.

[8] consul diem ad conloquendum cum conlega petit; postero die permissum senatui est. provinciae ita decretae: alteri consuli Sicilia et triginta rostratae naves quas C. Servilius superiore anno habuisset; permissumque ut in Africam, si id e re publica esse censeret, traiceret;

[9] alteri Bruttii et bellum cum Hannibale cum eo exercitu, quem ⁶ (mallet). L. Veturius et Q. Caecilius sortirentur inter se compararentve uter in Bruttiis duabus legionibus quas consul reliquisset rem gereret,

[10] imperiumque in annum prorogaretur cui ea provincia evenisset. et ceteris, praeter consules praetoresque, ⁷ qui exercitibus provinciisque praefuturi erant ⁸ prorogata imperia.

[11] Q. Caecilio sorti evenit ut cum consule in Bruttiis adversus Hannibalem bellum gereret.

[12] ludi deinde Scipionis magna frequentia et favore ⁹ spectantium celebrati. legati Delphos ad donum ex praeda Hasdrubalis portandum missi M. Pomponius Matho et Q. Catius. tulerunt coronam auream ducentum pondo et simulacra spoliorum ex ¹⁰ mille pondo argenti facta. ¹¹

[13] Scipio cum ut dilectum haberet neque impetrasset neque magnopere tetendisset, ut voluntarios ducere sibi milites liceret tenuit et,

[14] quia inpensae negaverat rei publicae futuram classem, ut quae ab sociis darentur ad novas fabricandas naves acciperet. etruriae primum populi pro suis quisque facultatibus consulem adiuturos polliciti:

[15] caerites frumentum sociis navalibus commeatumque omnis generis, Populonenses ferrum, Tarquinienses lintea in vela, Volaterrani interamenta ¹² navium et frumentum, Arretini tria milia scutorum,

[16] galeas totidem, pila gaesa hastas longas, milium quinquaginta summam pari cuiusque generis numero expleturos,

[17] secures rutra falces alveolos molas, quantum in quadraginta longas naves opus esset, tritici centum et viginti milia modium, et in viaticum decurionibus remigibusque conlaturos;

[18] perusini Clusini Rusellani abietem in fabricandas naves et frumenti magnum numerum; abiete et ¹³ ex publicis silvis est usus.

[19] umbriae populi ¹⁴ et praeter hos Nursini ¹⁵ et Reatini et Amiternini Sabinusque omnis ager milites polliciti. marsi Paeligni Marrucinique multi voluntarii nomina in classem dederunt.

[20] camertes cum aequo foedere cum Romanis essent, cohortem armatam sescentorum hominum miserunt.

[21] triginta navium carinae, viginti quinqueremes, decem quadriremes quadriiremes , cum essent positae, ipse ita institit operi ut die quadragesimo quinto quam ex silvis detracta materia erat naves instructae armataeque in aquam deductae sint.

Translations (2)

History of Rome Perseus (Spillan, D.; Edmonds, Cyrus; McDevitte, William A., translators. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1849-1868. (Bohn's Classical Library)) — 28.45 focus

[1]

Scipio was heard less favourably, because a report had been spread that, if he did not prevail with the senate to have Africa decreed to him as his province, he would immediately lay the matter before the people.

[2] Therefore, Quintus Fulvius, who had been consul four times, and censor, requested of the consul that he would openly declare in the senate whether

he submitted to the fathers to decide respecting the provinces; and whether he intended to abide by their determination, or to put it to the people.

[3] Scipio having replied that he would act as he thought for the interest of the state, Fulvius then rejoined:

[4]

When I asked you the question I was not ignorant of what answer you would give, or how you would act; for you plainly show that you are rather sounding than consulting the senate;

[5]

and, unless we immediately decree to you the province you wish, have a bill ready (to lay before the people). Therefore,

said he,

I require of you, tribunes of the people, to support me in refusing to give my opinion, because, though my recommendation should be adopted, the consul is not disposed to abide by it.

[6] An altercation then arose, the consul asserting that it was unfair for the tribunes to interpose so as to prevent any senator from giving his opinion in his place on being asked it.

[7] The tribunes came to the determination,

that if the consul submit to the senate the question relating to the provinces, whatever the senate decree we shall consider as final, nor will we allow a bill to be proposed to the people on the subject. If he does not submit it to them, we will support any one who shall refuse to deliver his sentiments upon the matter.

The consul requested the delay of a day to confer with his colleague.

[8] The next day the decision was submitted to the senate. The provinces were assigned in this manner: to one of the consuls Sicily and thirty ships of war, which Caius Servilius had commanded the former year; he was also permitted to cross over into Africa if he conceived it to be for the advantage of the state.

[9] To the other consul Bruttium and the war with Hannibal were assigned; with either that army which Lucius Veturius or that which Quintus Caecilius commanded.

[10] The two latter were to draw lots, and settle between themselves which should act in Bruttium with the two legions which the consul gave up; and he to whose lot that province fell, was to be continued in command for a year. The other persons also, besides the consuls and praetors, who were to take the command of armies and provinces, were continued in command.

[11] It fell to the lot of Quintus Caecilius to carry on the war against Hannibal in Bruttium, together with the consul.

[12] The games of Scipio were then celebrated in the presence of a great number of persons, and with the approbation of the spectators. The deputies, Marcus Pomponius Matho and Quintus Catius, sent to Delphi to convey a present out of the spoils taken from Hasdrubal, carried with them a golden crown of two hundred pounds' weight, and representations of the spoils made out of a thousand pounds' weight of silver.

[13] Scipio, though he could not obtain leave to levy troops, a point which he did not urge with great eagerness, obtained leave to take with him such as volunteered their services;

[14] and also, as he declared that the fleet would not be the occasion of expense to the state, to receive what was furnished by the allies for building fresh ships.

[15] First, the states of Etruria engaged to assist the consuls to the utmost of their respective abilities. The people of Caere furnished corn, and provisions of every description, for the crews; the people of Populoni furnished iron; of Tarquinii, cloth for sails;

[16] those of Volaterrae, planks for ships, and corn; those of Arretium, thirty thousand shields, as many helmets;

[17] and of javelins, Gallic darts, and long spears, they undertook to make up to the amount of fifty thousand, an equal number of each description, together with as many axes, mattocks, bills, buckets, and mills, as should be sufficient for fifty men of war, with a hundred and twenty thousand pecks of wheat;

[18] and to contribute to the support of the decurios and rowers on the voyage. The people of Perusia, Clusium, and Rusella furnished firs for building ships, and a great quantity of corn.

[19] Scipio had firs out of the public woods. The states of Umbria, and, besides them, the people of Nursia, Reate, and Amiternum, and all those of the Sabine territory, promised soldiers.

[20] Many of the Marsians, Pelignians, and Marrucinians volunteered to serve in the fleet. The Cameritans, as they were joined with the Romans in a league on equal terms, sent an armed cohort of six hundred men.

[21] Having laid the keels of thirty ships, twenty of which were quinqueremes, and ten quadriremes, he prosecuted the work with such diligence, that, on the forty-fifth day after the materials were taken from the woods, the ships, being fully equipped and armed, were launched.

History of Rome Perseus (Volumes 1-2. Roberts, Canon, Rev, translator. London, New York: J. M. Dent and Sons; E. P. Dutton and Co., 1912.) — 28.45 focus

[1]

Scipio was listened to with impatience, for it was generally believed that if he did not succeed in inducing the senate to decree that Africa should be his province, he would at once bring the question before the Assembly. So Q. Fabius, who had held four consulships, challenged Scipio to say openly before the senate whether he left the decision as to the provinces in their hands, and was prepared to abide by it, or whether he was going to refer it to the people.

[2] Scipio replied that he should act as he thought best in the interests of the State.

[3] On this Fabius observed: "It was not because I did not know what you would say or how you would act that I made my request, for you openly avow that you are sounding the House rather than consulting it, and that if we do not at once assign you the province which you want, you have a resolution ready to put to the Assembly." (Then, turning to the tribunes) "I demand of you, tribunes of the plebs, that you support me in my refusal to vote, for even if the decision is in my favour the consul is not going to recognise it."

[4] Then a discussion arose between the consul and the tribunes, he asserting that there was no just ground for their intervening and supporting a senator in his refusal to vote, when called upon to do so.

[5] The tribunes gave their decision in the following terms: "If the consul submits to the senate the allocation of the provinces their decision shall be binding and final, and we will not allow any reference to the people. If he does not so submit it, we shall support any senator in his refusal to vote when called upon to do so." The consul asked for a day's grace in order to consult his colleague.

[6] The following day he submitted the matter to the decision of the senate. The decree made respecting the provinces was that one consul should take Sicily and the thirty warships which C. Servilius had had the previous year, permission being granted him to sail to Africa, if he thought such a course would be in the interests of the State; the other consul was to take Bruttium and the operations against Hannibal, with either the army which had served under L. Veturius, or the one which Q. Caecilius had commanded.

[7] These two were to ballot and arrange which of them was to act in Bruttium with the two legions which the consul would not require, and the one to whom that field should fall was to have his command extended for a year. With the exception of the consuls and praetors, all who were to take charge of armies and provinces had their commands extended for a year. It fell to Q. Caecilius to act with the consul against Hannibal in Bruttium.

Scipio exhibited the Games amidst the applause of a large and enthusiastic crowd of spectators.

[8] M. Pomponius Matho and Q. Catius were sent on a mission to Delphi to carry thither the offering made from the plunder of Hasdrubal's camp. It was a golden crown of 200 pounds' weight, and there were facsimiles of the pieces of spoil made in silver weighing in the aggregate 1000 pounds.

[9] Scipio did not succeed in obtaining permission to levy troops and indeed he did not press the point, but he was allowed to enlist volunteers. As he had stated that his fleet would not be a charge on the State he was given liberty to accept any materials contributed by the allies for the construction of his ships.

[10] The cantons of Etruria were the first to promise assistance, each according to its means. Caere contributed corn and provisions of all kinds for the crews; Populonia, iron; Tarquinii, cloth for the sails; Volaterrae, timber for the hulls and corn; Arretium, 3000 shields and as many helmets, whilst they were ready to supply as many as 50,000 darts, javelins and long spears.

[11] They also offered to furnish all the axes, spades, sickles, gabions and hand-mills required for forty warships as well as 120,000 pecks of wheat and provision for the sailing-masters and the rowers on the voyage. Perusia, Clusium and Russellae sent pine-wood for the timbers of the ships and a large quantity of corn. The Umbrian communities as well as the inhabitants of Nursia, Reate and Amiternum and the whole of the Sabine country promised to furnish men.

[12] Numerous contingents from the Marsi, the Paeligni and the Marrucini volunteered to serve on board the fleet. Camerinum, a city leagued on a basis of equal rights with Rome, sent a cohort of six hundred men-at-arms. The keels of thirty ships-twenty quinqueremes and ten quadriremes-were laid down, and Scipio pressed on the work so rapidly that forty-five days after the timber had been brought from the forests, the ships were launched with their tackle and armament complete.

Notes on the current edition

Ab Urbe Condita With An English Translation, books 1-10, 21-45, with periochae 11-20

1. B.C. 205

2. This decree so fortified the opposition that Scipio was unable to risk a vote referring the question to the people.

3. A small fleet in comparison with the hundred ships assigned to Sicily in 208 B.C. ; XXVII. xxii. 9. For an invasion a much larger navy would seem to be required. Add the 30 new ships presently to be built (§ 21). But actually only 40 war-ships escorted 400 transports in 204 B.C. ; XXIX. xxvi. 3.

4. Cf. x. 16.

5. I.e. of the two in that region; cf. x. 10; xi. 12; xlvi. 2.

6. B.C. 205

7. Doubtless in the form of trophies, possibly a pair of them, to flank the golden wreath, presumably to be set up in one of the treasure houses. At XXIII. xi. 3 Apollo had bidden them send a gift when they had preserved their state. So Fabius Pictor, the Roman ambassador, had reported in 216 B.C.

8. f. XXX. xxxix. 2; now Piombino, the nearest port to Elba. Usually Populonia, but Polybius and Strabo use the neuter (P. at XXXIV. xi. 3; S. at V. ii. 5 f., 8). So also the Itin. Ant.

9. In addition to their pay.

10. Beyond the Umbro and near Vetulonia; X. iv. 5; xxxvii.

11. B.C. 205

12. I.e. just as if they were allies and hence bound to furnish troops.

Titus Livius (Livy) Ab urbe condita 28.45

Benjamin Oliver Foster, Ph.D. (Editor), Frank Gardener Moore (Editor), Evan T. Sage, Ph.D. (Editor), Alfred C. Schlesinger, Ph.D. (Editor)

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