Sallust, Bellum Iugurthinum, 35

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Erat ea tempestate Romae Numida quidam nomine Massiua, Gulussae filius, Masinissae nepos, qui, quia in dissensione regum Iugurthae aduersus fuerat, dedita Cirta et Adherbale interfecto profugus ex patria abierat. Huic Sp. Albinus, qui proximo anno post Bestiam cum Q. Minucio Rufo consulatum gerebat, persuadet, quoniam ex stirpe Masinissae sit Iugurthamque ob scelera invidia cum metu urgeat, regnum Numidiae ab senatu petat. Auidus consul belli gerendi movere quam senescere omnia malebat. Ipsi prouincia Numidia, Minucio Macedonia evenerat. Quae postquam Massiua agitare coepit neque Iugurthae in amicis satis praesidi est, quod eorum alium conscientia, alium mala fama et timor impediebat, Bomilcari, proximo ac maxime fido sibi, imperat, pretio, sicuti multa confecerat, insidiatores Massiuae paret ac maxime occulte, sin id parum procedat, quouis modo Numidam interficiat. Bomilcar mature regis mandata exequitur et per homines talis negoti artifices itinera egressusque eius, postremo loca atque tempora cuncta explorat. Deinde, ubi res postulabat, insidias tendit. Igitur unus ex eo numero, qui ad caedem parati erant, paulo inconsultius Massiuam aggreditur. Illum obtruncat, sed ipse deprehensus multis hortantibus et in primis Albino consule indicium profitetur. Fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex iure gentium Bomilcar, comes eius, qui Romam fide publica venerat. At Iugurtha manufestus tanti sceleris non prius omisit contra verum niti, quam animaduertit supra gratiam atque pecuniam suam invidiam facti esse. Igitur, quamquam in priore actione ex amicis quinquaginta uades dederat, regno magis quam uadibus consulens clam in Numidiam Bomilcarem dimittit, veritus, ne relicuos popularis metus invaderet parendi sibi, si de illo supplicium sumptum foret. Et ipse paucis diebus eodem profectus est, iussus a senatu Italia decedere. Sed postquam Roma egressus est, fertur saepe eo tacitus respiciens postremo dixisse: "Urbem venalem et mature perituram, si emptorem invenerit."

Bellum Iugurthinum. Sallust. . .

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Bellum Iugurthinum (Sallust. Bellum Iugurthinum. (No bibliographic information found).)

Editions (1)

Bellum Iugurthinum Perseus (Sallust. C. Sallusti Crispi Catilina, Iugurtha, orationes et epistulae excerptae de historiis. Ahlberg, Axel Wilhelm, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1919.) — 35 focus

1 Erat ea tempestate Romae Numida quidam nomine Massiva, Gulussae filius, Masinissae nepos, qui, quia in dissensione regum Iugurthae advorsus fuerat, dedita Cirta et Adherbale interfecto profugus ex patria abierat. 2 huic Sp. Albinus, qui proxumo anno post Bestiam cum Q. Minucio Rufo consulatum gerebat, persuadet, quoniam ex stirpe Masinissae sit Iugurthamque ob scelera invidia cum metu urgeat, regnum Numidiae ab senatu petat. 3 avidus consul belli gerundi movere quam senescere omnia malebat. ipsi provincia Numidia, Minucio Macedonia evenerat. 4 quae postquam Massiva agitare coepit neque Iugurthae in amicis satis praesidi est, quod eorum alium conscientia, alium mala fama et timor impediebat, Bomilcari, proxumo ac maxume fido sibi, imperat, pretio, sicuti multa confecerat, insidiatores Massivae paret ac maxume occulte, sin id parum procedat, quovis modo Numidam interficiat. 5 Bomilcar mature regis mandata exequitur et per homines talis negoti artifices itinera egressusque eius, postremo loca atque tempora cuncta explorat. deinde, ubi res postulabat, insidias tendit. 6 igitur unus ex eo numero, qui ad caedem parati erant, paulo inconsultius Massivam aggreditur. illum obtruncat, sed ipse deprehensus multis hortantibus et in primis Albino consule indicium profitetur. 7 fit reus magis ex aequo bonoque quam ex iure gentium Bomilcar, comes eius, qui Romam fide publica venerat. 8 at Iugurtha manufestus tanti sceleris non prius omisit contra verum niti, quam animadvortit supra gratiam atque pecuniam suam invidiam facti esse. 9 igitur, quamquam in priore actione ex amicis quinquaginta vades dederat, regno magis quam vadibus consulens clam in Numidiam Bomilcarem dimittit, ventus, ne reliquos popularis metus invaderet parendi sibi, si de illo supplicium sumptum foret. et ipse paucis diebus eodem profectus est, iussus a senatu Italia decedere. 10 sed postquam Roma egressus est, fertur saepe eo tacitus respiciens postremo dixisse 'o urbem venalem et mature perituram, si emptorem invenerit.'

36 1 Interim Albinus renovato bello commeatum, stipendium aliaque, quae militibus usui forent, maturat in Africam portare; ac statim ipse profectus, uti ante comitia, quod tempus haud longe aberat, armis aut deditione aut quovis modo bellum conficeret. 2 at contra Iugurtha trahere omnia et alias, deinde alias morae causas facere; polliceri deditionem ac deinde metum simulare; cedere instanti et paulo post, ne sui diffiderent, instare: ita belli modo, modo pacis mora consulem ludificare. 3 ac fuere qui tum Albinum haud ignarum consili regis existumarent neque ex tanta properantia tam facile tractum bellum socordia magis quam dolo crederent. 4 sed postquam dilapso tempore comitiorum dies adventabat, Albinus Aulo fratre in castris pro praetore relicto Romam decessit.

Translations (1)

Jugurthine War Perseus (Sallust. Sallust, Florus, and Velleius Paterculus. Watson, J. S. (John Selby), translator. London: Harper & Brothers, 1899.) — 35 focus

There was at this period in Rome a certain Numidian named Massiva, a son of Gulussa and grandson of Masinissa, who, from having been, in the dissensions among the princes, opposed to Jugurtha, had been obliged, after the surrender of Cirta and the murder of Adherbal, to make his escape out of Africa. Spurius Albinus, who was consul with Quintus Minucius Rufus the year after Bestia, prevailed upon this man, as he was of the family of Masinissa, and as odium and terror hung over Jugurtha for his crimes, to petition the senate for the kingdom of Numidia. Albinus,being eager for the conduct of a war, was desirous that affairs should be disturbed,¹ rather than sink into tranquillity; especially as, in the division of the provinces, Numidia had fallen to himself, and Macedonia to Minucius.

When Massiva proceeded to carry these suggestions into execution, Jugurtha, finding that he had no sufficient support in his friends, as a sense of guilt deterred some, and evil report or timidity others, from coming forward in his behalf, directed Bomilcar, his most attached and faithful adherent, to procure by the aid of money, by which he had already effected so much, assassins to kill Massiva; and to do it secretly if he could; but, if secrecy should be impossible, to cut him off' in any way whatsoever. This commission Bomilcar soon found means to execute; and, by the agency of men versed in such service, ascertained the direction of his journeys, his hours of leaving home, and the times at which he resorted to particular places,² and, when all was ready, placed his assassins in ambush. One of their number sprung upon Massiva, though with too little caution, and killed him; but being himself caught, he made, at the instigation of many, and especially of Albinus the consul, a full confession. Bomilcar was accordingly committed for trial, though rather on the principles of reason and justice than in accordance with the law of nations,³ as he was in the retinue of one who had come to Rome on a pledge of the public faith for his safety. But Jugurtha, though clearly guilty of the crime, did not cease to struggle against the truth, until he perceived that the infamy of the deed was too strong for his interest or his money. For which reason, although, at the commencement of the proceedings,⁴ he had given fifty of his friends as bail for Bomilcar, yet, thinking more of his kingdom than of the sureties, he sent him off privately into Numidia; for he feared that if such a man should be executed, his other subjects would be deterred from obeying him.⁵ A few days after, he himself departed, having been ordered by the senate to quit Italy. But, as he was going from Rome, he is said, after frequently looking back on it in silence, to have at last exclaimed, "That it was a venal city, and would soon perish, if it could but find a purchaser !"⁶

Sallust Bellum Iugurthinum 35

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