ιθ′ περὶ τῆς ῾οὐ μᾶλλον᾿ φωνῆς.

[188] Ταύτην τοίνυν ὁτὲ μὲν ὡς ἔφην προφερόμεθα, ὁτὲ
δὲ οὕτως ῾οὐδὲν μᾶλλον᾿· οὐ γὰρ ὥς τινες ὐπολαμβάνουσι, τὴν μὲν ῾οὐ μᾶλλον᾿ ἐν ταῖς εἰδικαῖς ζητήσεσι παραλαμβάνομεν, τὴν δὲ ῾οὐδὲν μᾶλλον᾿ ἐν ταῖς γενικαῖς, ἀλλ᾿ ἀδιαφόρως τήν τε ῾οὐ μᾶλλον᾿ καὶ τὴν ῾οὐδὲν μᾶλλον᾿ προφερόμεθα, καὶ νῦν ὡς περὶ μιᾶς διαλεξόμεθα.
μέθᾳ. ἔστι μὲν οὖν αὕτη ἡ φωνὴ ἐλλιπής. ὡς γὰρ ὅταν λέγωμεν ῾διπλῆ᾿, δυνάμει φαμὲν ῾διπλῆ᾿, καὶ ὅταν λέγέγωμεν ῾πλατεἱα᾿, δυνάμει λέγομεν ῾πλατεῖα ὁδός᾿, οὕτως ὅταν
εἰπ́ωμεν ῾οὐ μᾶλλον,᾿ δυνάμει φαμὲν ‘οὐ μᾶλλον τόδε ἢ τόδε,

[189] ἄνω κάτω.’ τινὲς μέντοι τῶν σκεπτικῶν παραλαμβάνουσιν ἀντὶ πὐσματοςτὸ ῾οὐ᾿ (<ἀντὶ>τοῦ τί μᾶλλον τόδε ἢ τόδε, τὸ ¹ 42
τί παραλαμβάνοντες νῦν ἀντὶ αἰτίας), ἴν’ ᾖ τὸ λεγόμενον ‘διὰ τί μᾶλλον τόδε ἢ τόδε;’ σύνηθες δέ ἐστι καὶ πύσμασιν ἀντὶ ἀξιωμάτων χρῆσθαι, οἷον (Eur. Herc. fr. 1)

τίς τὸν Δῖός σύλλεκτρον οὐκ οἶδε βροτῶν;

καὶ ἀξιώμασιν ἀντὶ πυσμάτων, οἷον ‘ζητῶ ποῦ οἰκεῖ Δίων’
καὶ ‘πυνθάνομαι τίνος ἕνεκα χρὴ θαυμάζειν ἄνδρα ποιητήν.᾿ ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ τί ἀντὶ τοῦ διὰ <τί> παραλαμβάνεται παρὰ Μενάνδρῳ· (fr. 900 Kock.)

τί γὰρ ἐγὼ κατελειπόμην;

δηλοῖ δὲ τὸ ‘οὐ μᾶλλον τόδε ἢ τόδε᾿ καὶ πάθος ἡμέτερον,

[190] καθ’
ὃ διὰ τὴν ἰσοσθένειαν τῶν ἀντικειμένων πραγμάτων εἰς ἀρρεψίαν καταλήγομεν, ἰσοσθένειαν μὲν λεγόντων ἡμῶν τὴν <ἰσότητα τὴν> κατὰ τὸ φαινόμενον ἡμῖν πιθανόν, ἀντικείμενα δὲ κοινῶς τὰ μαχόμενα, ἀρρεψίαν δὲ τὴν πρὸς μηδέτερον συγκατάθεσιν.

[191] ἡ γοῦν ‘οὐδὲν μᾶλλον᾿ φωνὴ κἂν ἐμφαίνῃ χαρακτῆρα
συγκαταθέσεως ἢ ἀρνήσεως, ἡμεῖς οὐχ οὕτως αὐτῇ χρώμεθα, ἀλλ’ ἀδιαφόρως αὐτὴν παραλαμβάνομεν καὶ καταχρηστικῶς, ἤτοι ἀντὶ πύσματος ἢ ἀντὶ τοῦ λέγειν ‘ἀγνοῶ τίνι μὲν τούτων χρὴ συγκατατίθεσθαι, τίνι δὲ μὴ᾿ [συγκατατίθεσθαι]. πρόκειται <γὰρ> ἡμῖν δηλῶσαι τὸ φαινόμενον
ἡμῖν· κατὰ δὲ τὴν φωνὴν δι’ ἧς αὐτὸ δηλοῦμεν ἀδιαφο- ροῦμεν. κἀκεῖνο δὲ χρὴ γινώσκειν, ὅτι προφερόμεθα τὴν ‘οὐδὲν μᾶλλον᾿ φωνὴν οὐ διαβεβαιούμενοι περὶ τοῦ πάντως ὑπάρχειν αὐτὴν ἀληθῆ καὶ βεβαίαν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὸ φαινόμενον ἡμῖν καὶ περὶ αὐτῆς λέγοντες.

Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes. Sextus Empiricus. ed. Hermann Mutschmann. Germany. 2014.

Current edition First1KGreek

Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes (Greek) (Sextus Empiricus. Sexti Empiricii Opera, Volume 1. Mutschmann, Hermann, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1912.)

Translations (1)

Outlines of Pyrrhonism First1KGreek (Sextus Empiricus, Vol. 1. Bury, Robert Gregg, translator. London: William Heinemann Ltd.; New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1933.) — 1.19 focus

Chapter XIX.—Of The Expression ‟Not More”

[188] This expression, then, we sometimes enunciate in the form I have stated but sometimes in the form ‟Nowise more.” For we do not, as some suppose, adopt the form ‟Not more” in specific inquiries and ‟Nowise more” in generic inquiries, but we enunciate both ‟Not more” and ‟Nowise more” indifferently, and we shall discuss them now as identical expressions. This expression, then, is elliptical. For just as when we say ‟a double” we are implicitly saying ‟a double hearth,”¹ and when we say ‟a square” we are implicitly saying ‟a square road- way,” so when we say ‟Not more” we are implicitly saying ‟Not this more than that, up than down.”

[189] Some of the Sceptics, however, in place of the ‟Not” adopt the form ”(For) what this more than that,” taking the ‟what” to denote, in this case, cause, so that the meaning is ‟For what reason this more than that?”² And it is a common practice to use questions instead of assertions, as for example—‟The bride of Zeus, what mortal knows her not?”³ And also assertions in the place of questions; for instance —‟I am inquiring where Dion lives,” and ‟I ask you what reason there is for showing surprise at a poet.” And further, the use of ‟What” instead of ‟For what reason” is found in Menander,⁴ ‟(For) what was I left behind?”

[190] And the expression ‟Not more this than that” indicates also our feeling, whereby we come to end in equipoise because of the equipollence of the opposed objects; and by ‟equipollence” we mean equality in respect of what seems probable to us, and by ‟opposed” we mean in general conflicting, and by ‟equipoise”⁵ refusal of assent to either alternative.

[191] Then as to the formula ‟Nowise more,” even though it exhibits the character of a form of assent or of denial, we do not employ it in this way, but we take it in a loose and inexact sense, either in place of a question or in place of the phrase ‟I know not to which of these things I ought to assent, and to which I ought not.” For our aim is to indicate what appears to us; while as to the expression by which we indicate this we are indifferent. This point, too, should be noticed—that we utter the expression ‟Nowise more” not as positively affirming that it really is true and certain, but as stating in regard to it also what appears to us.

Notes on the current edition

Pyrrhoniae hypotyposes

1. 12 et 16 λαμβάνειν EAB 15 εἰσάξει Kayser 19 τούτων τε om. EAB || τῶν om. Μ 20 <τινες> φωνάς τινας EAB 24 δὲ om. L 32 διπλῆ δυνάμει L: δυνάμει διπλῆ EAB: duplicem potentiam T || δυνάμει φαμὲν om. M || ἑστία G: domum Τ (fort. οἰκία cf. Lys. I 9): ἐσθὴς Fabr. : ἀπερίστικτος vel ἄστικτος Pappenheim 1 πλατεῖα et πλατεῖα ὁδός Diels: πλατεῖαν et πλατεῖαν ὁδόν GT (latam et viam latam) 4 τὸ οὐ Paris. SuppL 133: τοῦ οὐ G: pro inter- rogatione et non pro quid hoc quam hoc Τ Ι <ἀντὶ> τοῦ ego: τὸ G ΙΙ locus non integer: ἀντὶ ἀξιώματος τοῦ ὁὐ μᾶλλον᾿ πύσμα τὸ ‘τί μᾶλλον᾿ , οἷον τί μᾶλλον τόδε ἢ τόδε Bekk.: ἀντὶ τοῦ ‘διὰ τί᾿ πύσματος τὸ ‘τί μᾶλλον τόδε ἢ τόδε᾿ Kayser 7 ἀντὶ om. EAB 11 τί add. T (propter quid) 16 ἰσοσθένειαν Tsnp-penheim: ἰσότητα GT 16/17 ἰσότητα τὴν add. Pappenh. 17 πιθανὸν <καὶ ἀπίθανόν ἐσότητα> E. Weber 19 γοῦν Gen.: οὖν LEAB: om. Μ: igitur T || ἐμφαίνῃ MET (licet ostendat): ἐμφαίνει LAB 23/24 συγκ. om. T 24 γὰρ add T. (propositum est enim nohis) 29 fort. περὶ ταύτης?

Sextus Empiricus Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes 1.19

ed. Hermann Mutschmann

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ιθ′ περὶ τῆς ῾οὐ μᾶλλον᾿ φωνῆς.

Current edition First1KGreek

Chapter XIX.—Of The Expression ‟Not More”

Notes on the current edition

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