Sextus Empiricus, Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes, Robert Gregg Bury (Translator), 1.14.138

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[138] Again,—of existing things some, according to the Dogmatists,¹ are summa genera, others infimae species, others both genera and species; and all these are relative; therefore all things are relative. Further, some existing things are ‟pre-evident,”² as they say, others non-evident; and the apparent things are significant, but the non-evident signified by the apparent; for according to them ‟the things apparent are the vision of the non-evident.” But the significant and the signified are relative; therefore all things are relative.

Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes. Sextus Empiricus. Robert Gregg Bury (Translator). London. 1933.

Funding provided by Tisch Library, Tufts University.

Current edition First1KGreek

Outlines of Pyrrhonism (English) (Sextus Empiricus, Vol. 1. Bury, Robert Gregg, translator. London: William Heinemann Ltd.; New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1933.)

Editions (1)

Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes First1KGreek (Sextus Empiricus. Sexti Empiricii Opera, Volume 1. Mutschmann, Hermann, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1912.) — 1.14.138 focus

[138] τῶν τε ὄντων τὰ μέν ἐστιν ἀνω- τάτω γένη κατὰ τοὺς δογματικούς, τὰ δ’ ἔσχατα εἴδη, τὰ δὲ γένη καὶ εἴδη· πάντα δὲ ταῦτά ἐστι πρός τι· πάντα ἄρα ἐστὶ πρός τι. ἔτι τῶν ὄντων τὰ μέν ἐστι πρόδηλα, τὰ δὲ
ἄδηλα, ὧς αὐτοί φασιν, καὶ σημαίνοντα μὲν τὰ φαινόμενα, σημαινόμενα δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν φαινομένων τὰ ἄδηλα· ὄψις γὰρ κατ᾿ αὐτοὺς (Anaxag. B21 (??) Diels) τῶν ἀδήλων τὰ φαινόμενα. τὸ δὲ σημαῖνον καὶ τὸ σημαινόμενόν ἐστι πρός τι· πρός τι ἄρα ἐστὶ πάντα.

Notes on the current edition

Outlines of Pyrrhonism

1. Including the Peripatetics, as well as the Stoics. A summum genus (e.g. ‟Being”) may be divided into genera (e.g. ‟Animals” ‟Minerals”), and these sub-divided into species (e.g. ‟Men,” ‟Dogs,” etc.), down to the infimae species ( e.g. ‟Golden Retriever”) which cannot be further subdivided. The intermediate species (e.g. ‟Men”) are both genera (in relation to their sub-species) and species (in relation to higher genera).

2. i.e. superlatively, or wholly, manifest. Cf. Adv. Log. ii. 141.

Sextus Empiricus Pyrrhoniae Hypotyposes 1.14.138

Robert Gregg Bury (Translator)

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