Pausanias, Description of Greece, ed. Friedrich Spiro, 8.9

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[1]
ἔστι δὲ Μαντινεῦσι ναὸς διπλοῦς μάλιστά που κατὰ μέσον τοίχῳ διειργόμενος· τοῦ ναοῦ δὲ τῇ μὲν ἄγαλμά ἐστιν Ἀσκληπιοῦ, τέχνη δὲ Ἀλκαμένους, τὸ δὲ ἕτερον Λητοῦς ἐστιν ἱερὸν καὶ τῶν παίδων· Πραξιτέλης δὲ τὰ ἀγάλματα εἰργάσατο τρίτῃ μετὰ Ἀλκαμένην ὕστερον γενεᾷ. τούτων πεποιημένα ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῷ βάθρῳ Μοῦσαι καὶ Μαρσύας αὐλῶν. ἐνταῦθα ἀνὴρ ἐπείργασται στήλῃ Πολύβιος ὁ Λυκόρτα·

[2] καὶ τοῦ μὲν ἐπιμνησθησόμεθα καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἔπειτα, Μαντινεῦσι δέ ἐστι καὶ ἄλλα ἱερά, τὸ μὲν Σωτῆρος Διός, τὸ δὲ Ἐπιδώτου καλουμένου· ἐπιδιδόναι γὰρ δὴ ἀγαθὰ αὐτὸν ἀνθρώποις. ἔστι δὲ καὶ Διοσκούρων καὶ ἑτέρωθι Δήμητρος καὶ Κόρης ἱερόν· πῦρ δὲ ἐνταῦθα καίουσι, ποιούμενοι φροντίδα μὴ λάθῃ σφίσιν ἀποσβεσθέν. καὶ Ἥρας πρὸς τῷ θεάτρῳ ναὸν ἐθεασάμην·

[3] Πραξιτέλης δὲ τὰ ἀγάλματα αὐτήν τε καθημένην ἐν θρόνῳ καὶ παρεστώσας ἐποίησεν Ἀθηνᾶν καὶ Ἥβην παῖδα Ἥρας. πρὸς δὲ τῆς Ἥρας τῷ βωμῷ καὶ Ἀρκάδος τάφος τοῦ Καλλιστοῦς ἐστι· τὰ δὲ ὀστᾶ τοῦ Ἀρκάδος
ἐπηγάγοντο ἐκ Μαινάλου, χρησμοῦ σφισιν ἐλθόντος ἐκ Δελφῶν·

[4]

ἔστι δὲ Μαιναλίη δυσχείμερος, ἔνθα τε κεῖται

Ἀρκάς, ἀφʼ οὗ δὴ πάντες ἐπίκλησιν καλέονται,

οὗ τρίοδος καὶ τετράοδος καὶ πεντακέλευθος.

ἔνθα σʼ ἐγὼ κέλομαι στείχειν καὶ ἐύφρονι θυμῷ

Ἀρκάδʼ ἀειραμένους κατάγειν εἰς ἄστυ ἐραννόν·

ἔνθα τε δὴ τέμενός τε θυηλάς τʼ Ἀρκάδι τεύχειν.

τὸ δὲ χωρίον τοῦτο, ἔνθα ὁ τάφος ἐστὶ τοῦ Ἀρκάδος, καλοῦσιν Ἡλίου βωμούς.

[5] τοῦ θεάτρου δὲ οὐ πόρρω μνήματα προήκοντά ἐστιν ἐς δόξαν, τὸ μὲν Ἑστία καλουμένη κοινή, περιφερὲς σχῆμα ἔχουσα· Ἀντινόην δὲ αὐτόθι ἐλέγετο κεῖσθαι τὴν Κηφέως· τῷ δὲ στήλη τε ἐφέστηκε καὶ ἀνὴρ ἱππεὺς ἐπειργασμένος ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῇ στήλῃ, Γρύλος ὁ Ξενοφῶντος.

[6] τοῦ θεάτρου δὲ ὄπισθεν ναοῦ τε Ἀφροδίτης ἐπίκλησιν Συμμαχίας ἐρείπια καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐλείπετο· τὸ δὲ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ βάθρῳ τὴν ἀναθεῖσαν τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐδήλου θυγατέρα εἶναι Πασέου Νικίππην. τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν κατεσκευάσαντο τοῦτο οἱ Μαντινεῖς ὑπόμνημα ἐς τοὺς ἔπειτα τῆς ὁμοῦ Ῥωμαίοις ἐπʼ Ἀκτίῳ ναυμαχίας. σέβουσι δὲ καὶ Ἀθηνᾶν Ἀλέαν, καὶ ἱερόν τε καὶ ἄγαλμα Ἀθηνᾶς ἐστιν Ἀλέας αὐτοῖς.

[7] ἐνομίσθη δὲ καὶ Ἀντίνους σφίσιν εἶναι θεός· τῶν δὲ ἐν Μαντινείᾳ νεώτατός ἐστιν ὁ τοῦ Ἀντίνου ναός. οὗτος ἐσπουδάσθη περισσῶς δή τι ὑπὸ βασιλέως Ἀδριανοῦ· ἐγὼ δὲ μετʼ ἀνθρώπων μὲν ἔτι αὐτὸν ὄντα οὐκ εἶδον, ἐν δὲ ἀγάλμασιν εἶδον καὶ ἐν 0 γραφαῖς. ἔχει μὲν δὴ γέρα καὶ ἑτέρωθι, καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ Νείλῳ πόλις Αἰγυπτίων ἐστὶν ἐπώνυμος Ἀντίνου· τιμὰς δὲ ἐν Μαντινείᾳ κατὰ τοιόνδε ἔσχηκε. γένος ἦν ὁ Ἀντίνους ἐκ Βιθυνίου τῆς ὑπὲρ Σαγγαρίου ποταμοῦ· οἱ δὲ Βιθυνιεῖς Ἀρκάδες τέ εἰσι καὶ Μαντινεῖς τὰ ἄνωθεν.

[8] τούτων ἕνεκα ὁ βασιλεὺς κατεστήσατο αὐτῷ καὶ ἐν Μαντινείᾳ τιμάς, καὶ τελετή τε κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον καὶ ἀγών ἐστιν αὐτῷ διὰ ἔτους πέμπτου. οἶκος δέ ἐστιν ἐν τῷ γυμνασίῳ Μαντινεῦσιν ἀγάλματα ἔχων Ἀντίνου καὶ ἐς τἄλλα θέας ἄξιος λίθων ἕνεκα οἷς κεκόσμηται καὶ ἀπιδόντι ἐς τὰς γραφάς· αἱ δὲ Ἀντίνου εἰσὶν αἱ πολλαί, Διονύσῳ μάλιστα εἰκασμέναι. καὶ δὴ καὶ τῆς ἐν Κεραμεικῷ γραφῆς, ἣ τὸ ἔργον εἶχε τὸ Ἀθηναίων ἐν Μαντινείᾳ, καὶ ταύτης αὐτόθι ἐστὶ μίμημα.

[9] Μαντινεῦσι δὲ ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ γυναικός τε εἰκὼν χαλκῆ— καὶ Μαντινεῖς καλοῦσι Διομένειαν Ἀρκάδος —καὶ ἡρῷόν ἐστι Ποδάρου· φασὶ δὲ ἀποθανεῖν αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ἐπαμινώνδαν καὶ Θηβαίους μάχῃ. γενεαῖς δὲ τρισὶν ἐμοῦ πρότερον μετέθεσαν τοῦ τάφου τὸ ἐπίγραμμα ἐς ἄνδρα ἀπόγονον μὲν ἐκείνου Ποδάρου καὶ ὁμώνυμον, γεγονότα δὲ καθʼ ἡλικίαν ὡς πολιτείας ἤδη Ῥωμαίων μετειληφέναι.

[10] Ποδάρην δὲ ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ τὸν ἀρχαῖον ἐτίμων οἱ Μαντινεῖς, λέγοντες ὡς ἄριστος μὲν καὶ αὐτῶν καὶ τῶν συμμάχων γένοιτο ἐν τῇ μάχῃ Γρύλος ὁ Ξενοφῶντος, ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ Γρύλῳ Κηφισόδωρος Μαραθώνιος, οὗτος δὲ τηνικαῦτα Ἀθηναίοις ἐτύγχανεν ἱππαρχῶν· τρίτα δὲ ἀνδραγαθίας Ποδάρῃ νέμουσιν. 0

Description of Greece. Pausanias. ed. Friedrich Spiro. Leipzig. 1903.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The Annenberg CPB/Project.

Current edition Perseus

Ἑλλάδος Περιηγήσεως (Greek) (Pausanias. Pausaniae Graeciae descriptio, Volumes 1-3. Spiro, Friedrich, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903.)

Translations (2)

Description of Greece Perseus (Pausanias. Pausanias Description of Greece, Volumes 1-4. Jones, W.H.S. (William Henry Samuel), translator; Ormerod, Henry Arderne, translator. London, New York: W. Heinemann, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1918-1935.) — 8.9 focus

[1]
The Mantineans possess a temple composed of two parts, being divided almost exactly at the middle by a wall. In one part of the temple is an image of Asclepius, made by Alcamenes; the other part is a sanctuary of Leto and her children, and their images were made by Praxiteles two generations after Alcamenes. On the pedestal of these are figures of Muses together with Marsyas playing the flute. Here there is a figure of Polybius, the son of Lycortas, carved in relief upon a slab, of whom I shall make fuller mention later on.¹

[2] The Mantineans have other sanctuaries also, one of Zeus Saviour, and one of Zeus Giver of Gifts, in that he gives good things to men. There is also a sanctuary of the Dioscuri, and in another place one of Demeter and the Maid. Here they keep a fire, taking anxious care not to let it go out. Near the theater I saw a temple of Hera.

[3] Praxiteles made the images Hera is sitting, while Athena and Hera's daughter Hebe are standing by her side. Near the altar of Hera is the grave of Arcas, the son of Callisto. The bones of Arcas they brought from Maenalus, in obedience to an oracle delivered to them from Delphi :—

[4]

Maenalia is storm-swept, where lies

Arcas, from whom all Arcadians are named,

In a place where meet three, four, even five roads;

Thither I bid you go, and with kind heart

Take up Arcas and bring him back to your lovely city.

There make Arcas a precinct and sacrifices.

This place, where the grave of Arcas is, they call Altars of the Sun.

[5] Not far from the theater are famous tombs, one called Common Hearth, round in shape, where, they told me, lies Antinoe , the daughter of Cepheus. On it stands a slab, on which is carved in relief a horseman, Grylus, the son of Xenophon.

[6] Behind the theater I found the remains, with an image, of a temple of Aphrodite surnamed Ally. The inscription on the pedestal announced that the image was dedicated by Nicippe, the daughter of Paseas. This sanctuary was made by the Mantineans to remind posterity of their fighting on the side of the Romans at the battle of Actium . They also worship Athena Alea, of whom they have a sanctuary and an image.

[7] Antinous too was deified by them; his temple is the newest in Mantineia . He was a great favorite of the Emperor Hadrian. I never saw him in the flesh, but I have seen images and pictures of him. He has honors in other places also, and on the Nile is an Egyptian city named after Antinous. He has won worship in Mantineia for the following reason. Antinous was by birth from Bithynium beyond the river Sangarius, and the Bithynians are by descent Arcadians of Mantineia .

[8] For this reason the Emperor established his worship in Mantineia also; mystic rites are celebrated in his honor each year, and games every four years. There is a building in the gymnasium of Mantineia containing statues of Antinous, and remarkable for the stones with which it is adorned, and especially so for its pictures. Most of them are portraits of Antinous, who is made to look just like Dionysus. There is also a copy here of the painting in the Cerameicus which represented the engagement of the Athenians at Mantineia .

[9] In the market-place is a bronze portrait-statue of a woman, said by the Mantineans to be Diomeneia, the daughter of Arcas, and a hero-shrine of Podares, who was killed, they say, in the battle with the Thebaus under Epaminondas. Three generations ago they changed the inscription on the grave and made it apply to a descendant of this Podares with the same name, who was born late enough to have Roman citizenship.

[10] In my time the elder Podares was honored by the Mantineans, who said that he who proved the bravest in the battle, of themselves and of their allies, was Grylus, the son of Xenophon; next to Grylus was Cephisodorus of Marathon, who at the time commanded the Athenian horse. The third place for valor they give to Podares.

English (Jones and Ormerod; retranslated Gregory Nagy, CHS, 2018) (OCR draft) Experimental (CHS Pausanias Reader retranslation by Gregory Nagy, based on Jones and Ormerod, with marked Greek terms, notes, quotations, and bibliographic attributions preserved.) — 8.9 focus

[1] The Mantineians possess a temple composed of two parts, being divided almost exactly at the middle by a wall. In one part of the temple is an image of Asklepios, made by Alkamenes; the other part is a sanctuary of Leto and her children, and their images were made by Praxiteles two generations after Alkamenes. On the pedestal of these are figures of Muses together with Marsyas playing the aulos [‘double-reed’]. Here there is a figure of Polybius, the son of Lykortas, carved in relief upon a slab, of whom I shall make fuller mention later on.

[2] The Mantineians have other sanctuaries also, one of Zeus Savior, and one of Zeus Giver of Gifts, in that he gives good things to men. There is also a sanctuary of the Dioskouroi, and in another place one of Demeter and the Maiden. Here they keep a fire, taking anxious care not to let it go out. Near the theater I saw a temple of Hērā.

[3] Praxiteles made the images Hērā is sitting, while Athena and Hērā’s daughter Hebe are standing by her side. Near the altar of Hērā is the tomb of Arkas, the son of Kallisto. The bones of Arkas they brought from Mainalos, in obedience to an oracle delivered to them from Delphi:

[4]

“Maenalia is storm-swept, where lies
Arkas, from whom all Arcadians are named,
In a place where meet three, four, even five roads;
Thither I bid you go, and with kind heart
Take up Arkas and bring him back to your lovely city.
There make Arkas a precinct and sacrifices.”

This place, where the tomb of Arkas is, they call Altars of the Sun.

[5] Not far from the theater are famous tombs, one called Common Hearth, round in shape, where, they told me, lies Antinoe, the daughter of Cepheus. On it stands a slab, on which is carved in relief a horseman, Grylos, the son of Xenophon.

[6] Behind the theater I found the remains, with an image, of a temple of Aphrodite surnamed Ally. The inscription on the pedestal announced that the image was dedicated by Nicippe, the daughter of Paseas. This sanctuary was made by the Mantineians to remind posterity of their fighting on the side of the Romans at the battle of Actium. They also worship Athena Alea, of whom they have a sanctuary and an image.

[7] Antinous too was deified by them; his temple is the newest in Mantineia. He was a great favorite of ‘King’ [ basileus] Hadrian. I never saw him in the flesh, but I have seen images and pictures of him. He has honors in other places also, and on the Nile is an Egyptian city named after Antinous. He has won worship in Mantineia for the following reason. Antinous was by birth from Bithynium beyond the river Sangarios, and the Bithynians are by descent Arcadians of Mantineia.

[9] In the marketplace is a bronze portrait-statue of a woman, said by the Mantineians to be Diomeneia, the daughter of Arkas, and a hero-shrine of Podares, who was killed, they say, in the battle with the Thebaus under Epameinondas. Three generations ago they changed the inscription on the tomb and made it apply to a descendant of this Podares with the same name, who was born late enough to have Roman citizenship.

[10] In my time the elder Podares was honored by the Mantineians, who said that he who proved the bravest in the battle, of themselves and of their allies, was Grylos, the son of Xenophon; next to Grylos was Kephisodoros of Marathon, who at the time commanded the Athenian horse. The third place for valor they give to Podares.

New Alexandria Commentaries

Gregory Nagy, Editors: Angelia Hanhardt and Keith DeStone, Web producer: Noel Spencer, Consultant for images: Jill Curry Robbins, \[\[Noel gives this a separate URN\]\]

Pausanias Description of Greece 8.9

ed. Friedrich Spiro

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