Pausanias, Description of Greece, ed. Friedrich Spiro, 8.35

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[1]
αὕτη μὲν ἐπὶ Μεσσήνην, ἑτέρα δὲ ὁδὸς ἐκ Μεγάλης πόλεως ἐπὶ Καρνάσιον ἄγει τὸ Μεσσηνίων· καὶ ταύτῃ πρῶτα μέν σε ὁ Ἀλφειὸς ἐκδέξεται, καθότι καὶ Μαλοῦς καὶ ὁ Σκῦρος ἐς αὐτὸν κατέρχονται προανακοινωσάμενοι τὸ ῥεῦμα. αὐτόθεν δὲ ἔχων τὸν Μαλοῦντα ἐν δεξιᾷ μετὰ σταδίους ὡς τριάκοντα διαβήσῃ τε αὐτὸν καὶ ἀναβήσῃ διʼ ὁδοῦ προσαντεστέρας ἐς χωρίον καλούμενον Φαιδρίαν.

[2] Φαιδρίου δὲ ὡς πέντε ἀπέχει καὶ δέκα σταδίους τὸ κατὰ Δέσποιναν ὀνομαζόμενον Ἑρμαῖον· ὅροι Μεσσηνίων πρὸς Μεγαλοπολίτας καὶ οὗτοι, καὶ ἀγάλματα οὐ μεγάλα Δεσποίνης τε καὶ Δήμητρος, ἔτι δὲ καὶ Ἑρμοῦ πεποίηται δὲ καὶ Ἡρακλέους· δοκεῖν δέ μοι καὶ τὸ ὑπὸ Δαιδάλου ποιηθὲν τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ ξόανον ἐν μεθορίῳ τῆς Μεσσηνίας καὶ Ἀρκάδων ἐνταῦθα εἱστήκει.

[3]
ἡ δὲ ἐς Λακεδαίμονα ἐκ Μεγάλης πόλεως ὁδὸς ἐπὶ μὲν τὸν Ἀλφειὸν στάδιοι τριάκοντά εἰσιν, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦδε παρὰ ποταμὸν ὁδεύσας Θειοῦντα—κάτεισι δὲ καὶ ὁ Θειοῦς οὗτος ἐς τὸν Ἀλφειόν—, ἀπολιπὼν οὖν τὸν Θειοῦντα ἐν ἀριστερᾷ σταδίοις ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἀλφειοῦ τεσσαράκοντα ἥξεις μάλιστα ἐς Φαλαισίας· ἀπέχουσι δὲ 0 αἱ Φαλαισίαι σταδίους εἴκοσι τοῦ Ἑρμαίου τοῦ κατὰ Βελεμίναν.

[4] λέγουσι μὲν δὴ οἱ Ἀρκάδες τὴν Βελεμίναν τῆς σφετέρας οὖσαν τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἀποτεμέσθαι Λακεδαιμονίους· λέγειν δὲ οὐκ εἰκότα ἐφαίνοντό μοι καὶ ἄλλων ἕνεκα καὶ μάλιστα ὅτι μοι δοκοῦσι Θηβαῖοι μηδʼ ἂν τοῦτο ἐλασσουμένους περιιδεῖν τοὺς Ἀρκάδας, εἴ σφισιν ἔσεσθαι σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ τὸ ἐπανόρθωμα ἔμελλεν.

[5]
εἰσὶ δὲ ἐκ Μεγάλης πόλεως καὶ ἐς τὰ χωρία ὁδοὶ τὰ ἐντὸς Ἀρκαδίας, ἐς μὲν Μεθύδριον ἑβδομήκοντα στάδιοι καὶ ἑκατόν, τρισὶ δὲ ἀπὸ Μεγάλης πόλεως ἀπωτέρω σταδίοις καὶ δέκα Σκιάς τε καλούμενον χωρίον καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος Σκιάτιδος ἐρείπιά ἐστιν ἱεροῦ· ποιῆσαι δὲ αὐτὸ ἐλέγετο Ἀριστόδημος ὁ τυραννήσας. ἐντεῦθεν μετὰ σταδίους ὡς δέκα πόλεως Χαρισιῶν ὑπομνήματά ἐστιν οὐ πολλά, σταδίων δὲ ἄλλων δέκα ἐστὶν ἀπὸ Χαρισιῶν ἐς Τρικολώνους ὁδός.

[6] πόλις δὲ ἦσαν καὶ οἱ Τρικόλωνοί ποτε· μένει δὲ αὐτόθι καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ἐπὶ λόφου Ποσειδῶνος ἱερὸν καὶ ἄγαλμα τετράγωνον, καὶ δένδρων περὶ τὸ ἱερόν ἐστιν ἄλσος. ταύταις μὲν δὴ οἱ Λυκάονος παῖδες ἐγένοντο οἰκισταί, Ζοιτίαν δὲ ἀπωτέρω μὲν Τρικολώνων πέντε που καὶ δέκα σταδίοις, κειμένην δὲ οὐ κατʼ εὐθὺ ἀλλʼ ἐκ Τρικολώνων ἐν ἀριστερᾷ, Ζοιτέα οἰκίσαι τὸν Τρικολώνου λέγουσι· Παρωρεὺς δὲ ὁ νεώτερος Τρικολώνου τῶν παίδων Παρωρίαν καὶ οὗτος ἔκτισεν, ἀπέχουσαν Ζοιτίας σταδίους δέκα.

[7] ἔρημοι δὲ καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἦσαν ἀμφότεραι· 0 μένει δὲ ἐν Ζοιτίᾳ Δήμητρος ναὸς καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος οἳ καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἦσαν. ἐρείπια δὲ πόλεων καὶ ἄλλα, Θυραίου μὲν σταδίοις πέντε ἀπωτέρω Παρωρίας καὶ δέκα, τὰ δὲ Ὑψοῦντός ἐστιν ἐν ὄρει κειμένῳ μὲν ὑπὲρ τοῦ πεδίου, καλουμένῳ δὲ Ὑψοῦντι. ἡ δὲ Θυραίου τε καὶ Ὑψοῦντος μεταξὺ ὀρεινὴ πᾶσά ἐστι καὶ θηριώδης· Λυκάονος δὲ εἶναι Θυραῖόν τε καὶ Ὑψοῦντα προεδήλωσεν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος.

[8]
Τρικολώνων δέ ἐστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ πρῶτα μὲν ἀνάντης ὁδὸς ἐπὶ πηγὴν καλουμένους Κρουνούς· σταδίους δὲ ὡς τριάκοντα καταβάντι ἐκ Κρουνῶν τάφος ἐστὶ Καλλιστοῦς, χῶμα γῆς ὑψηλόν, δένδρα ἔχον πολλὰ μὲν τῶν ἀκάρπων, πολλὰ δὲ καὶ ἥμερα. ἐπὶ δὲ ἄκρῳ τῷ χώματι ἱερόν ἐστιν Ἀρτέμιδος ἐπίκλησιν Καλλίστης· δοκεῖν δέ μοι καὶ Πάμφως μαθών τι παρὰ Ἀρκάδων πρῶτος Ἄρτεμιν ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν ὠνόμασε Καλλίστην.

[9] σταδίους δὲ αὐτόθεν μὲν πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι, Τρικολώνων δὲ ἑκατὸν τοὺς σύμπαντας ἀπέχουσα ἐπί γε τοῦ Ἑλισσόντος, κατὰ δὲ τὴν εὐθεῖαν Μεθυδρίου—αὕτη γὰρ δὴ ἐκ Τρικολώνων ἔτι λείπεται—Ἀνεμῶσά τέ ἐστι χωρίον καὶ ὄρος Φάλανθον, ἐν αὐτῷ δὲ ἐρείπιά ἐστι Φαλάνθου πόλεως· Ἀγελάου δὲ τοῦ Στυμφήλου παῖδα εἶναι τὸν Φάλανθον λέγουσιν.

[10] ὑπὲρ τούτου δὲ πεδίον τέ ἐστι Πώλου καλούμενον καὶ μετʼ αὐτὸ Σχοινοῦς, ἀπὸ ἀνδρὸς Βοιωτοῦ Σχοινέως ἔχων τὴν κλῆσιν. εἰ δὲ ὁ Σχοινεὺς ἀπεδήμησεν οὗτος παρὰ τοὺς Ἀρκάδας, εἶεν ἂν καὶ οἱ τῆς Ἀταλάντης δρόμοι σύνεγγυς τῷ Σχοινοῦντι ὄντες οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς τούτου θυγατρὸς τὸ 0 ὄνομα εἰληφότες. ἑξῆς δέ ἐστιν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν καλούμενον, καὶ τοῖς πᾶσιν Ἀρκαδίαν εἶναι τὴν χώραν φασὶν ἐνταῦθα.

Description of Greece. Pausanias. ed. Friedrich Spiro. Leipzig. 1903.

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Ἑλλάδος Περιηγήσεως (Greek) (Pausanias. Pausaniae Graeciae descriptio, Volumes 1-3. Spiro, Friedrich, editor. Leipzig: Teubner, 1903.)

Translations (2)

Description of Greece Perseus (Pausanias. Pausanias Description of Greece, Volumes 1-4. Jones, W.H.S. (William Henry Samuel), translator; Ormerod, Henry Arderne, translator. London, New York: W. Heinemann, G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1918-1935.) — 8.35 focus

[1]
This road leads to Messene , and there is another leading from Megalopolis to Carnasium in Messenia . The first thing you come to on the latter road is the Alpheius at the place where it is joined by the Malus and the Scyrus, whose waters have already united. From this point keeping the Malus on the right after about thirty stades you will cross it and ascend along a rather steep road to a place called Phaedrias.

[2] About fifteen stades distant from Phaedrias is an Hermaeum called “by the Mistress"; it too forms a boundary between Messenia and Megalopolis . There are small images of the Mistress and Demeter; likewise of Hermes and Heracles. I am of opinion that the wooden image also, made for Heracles by Daedalus, stood here on the borders of Messenia and Arcadia .

[3]
The road from Megalopolis to Lacedaemon is thirty stades long at the Alpheius. After this you will travel beside a river Theius, which is a tributary of the Alpheius, and some forty stades from the Alpheius leaving the Theius on the left you will come to Phalaesiae. This place is twenty stades away from the Hermaeum at Belemina.

[4] The Arcadians say that Belemina belonged of old to Arcadia but was severed from it by the Lacedaemonians. This account struck me as improbable on various grounds, chiefly because the Thebans, I think, would never have allowed the Arcadians to suffer even this loss, if they could have brought about restitution with justice.

[5]
There are also roads from Megalopolis leading to the interior of Arcadia ; to Methydrium it is one hundred and seventy stades, and thirteen stades from Megalopolis is a place called Scias, where are ruins of a sanctuary of Artemis Sciatis, said to have been built by Aristodemus the tyrant. About ten stades from here are a few memorials of the city Charisiae, and the journey from Charisiae to Tricoloni is another ten stades.

[6] Once Tricoloni also was a city, and even to-day there still remains on a hill a sanctuary of Poseidon with a square image, and around the sanctuary stands a grove of trees. These cities had as founders the sons of Lycaon; but Zoetia , some fifteen stades from Tricoloni , not lying on the straight road but to the left of Tricoloni , was founded, they say, by Zoeteus, the son of Tricolonus. Paroreus, the younger of the sons of Tricolonus, also founded a city, in this case Paroria, ten stades distant from Zoetia .

[7] To-day both towns are without inhabitants. In Zoetia , however, there still remains a temple of Demeter and Artemis. There are also other ruins of cities: of Thyraeum, fifteen stades from Paroria, and of Hypsus, lying above the plain on a mountain which is also called Hypsus. The district between Thyraeum and Hypsus is all mountainous and full of wild beasts. My narrative has already pointed out that Thyraeus and Hypsus were sons of Lycaon.¹

[8]
To the right of Tricoloni there is first a steep road ascending to a spring called Cruni. Descending from Cruni for about thirty stades you come to the grave of Callisto, a high mound of earth, whereon grow many trees, both cultivated and also those that bear no fruit. On the top of the mound is a sanctuary of Artemis, surnamed Calliste (Most Beautiful). I believe it was because he had learnt it from the Arcadians that Pamphos was the first in his poems to call Artemis by the name of Calliste .

[9] Twenty-five stades from here, a hundred stades in all from Tricoloni , there is on the Helisson, on the straight road to Methydrium , the only city left to be described on the road from Tricoloni , a place called Anemosa, and also Mount Phalanthus, on which are the ruins of a city Phalanthus. It is said that Phalanthus was a son of Agelaus, a son of Stymphalus.

[10] Beyond this is a plain called the Plain of Polus, and after it Schoenus, so named from a Boeotian, Schoeneus. If this Schoeneus emigrated to Arcadia , the race-courses of Atalanta, which are near Schoenus, probably got their name from his daughter. Adjoining is . . . in my opinion called, and they say that the land here is Arcadia to all.

English (Jones and Ormerod; retranslated Gregory Nagy, CHS, 2018) (OCR draft) Experimental (CHS Pausanias Reader retranslation by Gregory Nagy, based on Jones and Ormerod, with marked Greek terms, notes, quotations, and bibliographic attributions preserved.) — 8.35 focus

[1] This road leads to Messene, and there is another leading from Megalopolis to Carnasium in Messenia. The first thing you come to on the latter road is the Alpheios at the place where it is joined by the Malus and the Scyrus, whose waters have already united. From this point keeping the Malus on the right after about thirty stadium-lengths you will cross it and ascend along a rather steep road to a place called Phaedrias.

[2] About fifteen stadium-lengths distant from Phaedrias is an Hermaeum called ‘by the Mistress’; it too forms a boundary between Messenia and Megalopolis. There are small images of the Mistress and Demeter; likewise of Hermes and Hēraklēs. I am of opinion that the wooden image also, made for Hēraklēs by Daidalos, stood here on the borders of Messenia and Arcadia.

[3] The road from Megalopolis to Lacedaemon is thirty stadium-lengths long at the Alpheios. After this you will travel beside a river Theios, which is a tributary of the Alpheios, and some forty stadium-lengths from the Alpheios leaving the Theios on the left you will come to Phalaesiae. This place is twenty stadium-lengths away from the Hermaeum at Belemina.

[5] There are also roads from Megalopolis leading to the interior of Arcadia; to Methydrium it is one hundred and seventy stadium-lengths, and thirteen stadium-lengths from Megalopolis is a place called Scias, where are ruins of a sanctuary of Artemis Sciatis, said to have been built by Aristodemos the tyrant. About ten stadium-lengths from here are a few memorials of the city Kharisiai, and the journey from Kharisiai to Trikolōnoi is another ten stadium-lengths.

[6] Once Trikolōnoi also was a city, and even today there still remains on a hill a sanctuary of Poseidon with a square image, and around the sanctuary stands a grove of trees. These cities had as founders the sons of Lykaon; but Zoetia, some fifteen stadium-lengths from Tricoloni, not lying on the straight road but to the left of Tricoloni, was founded, they say, by Zoeteus, the son of Tricolonus. Paroreus, the younger of the sons of Tricolonus, also founded a city, in this case Paroria, ten stadium-lengths distant from Zoetia.

[7] Today both towns are without inhabitants. In Zoetia, however, there still remains a temple of Demeter and Artemis. There are also other ruins of cities: of Thyraeum, fifteen stadium-lengths from Paroria, and of Hypsus, lying above the plain on a mountain which is also called Hypsus. The district between Thyraeum and Hypsus is all mountainous and full of wild beasts. My narrative has already pointed out that Thyraios and Hypsus were sons of Lykaon.

[8] To the right of Tricoloni there is first a steep road ascending to a spring called Cruni. Descending from Cruni for about thirty stadium-lengths you come to the tomb of Kallisto, a high mound of earth, whereon grow many trees, both cultivated and also those that bear no fruit. On the top of the mound is a sanctuary of Artemis, surnamed Kalliste (Most Beautiful). I believe it was because he had learned it from the Arcadians that Pamphos was the first in his poems to call Artemis by the name of Kalliste.

[9] Twenty-five stadium-lengths from here, a hundred stadium-lengths in all from Tricoloni, there is on the Helisson, on the straight road to Methydrium, the only city left to be described on the road from Tricoloni, a place called Anemosa, and also Mount Phalanthus, on which are the ruins of a city Phalanthus. It is said that Phalanthus was a son of Agelaos, a son of Stymphalos.

[10] Beyond this is a plain called the Plain of Polus, and after it Schoenus, so named from a Boeotian, Schoeneus. If this Schoeneus emigrated to Arcadia, the race-courses of Atalanta, which are near Schoenus, probably got their name from his daughter. Adjoining is … in my opinion called, and they say that the land here is Arcadia to all.

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Gregory Nagy, Editors: Angelia Hanhardt and Keith DeStone, Web producer: Noel Spencer, Consultant for images: Jill Curry Robbins, \[\[Noel gives this a separate URN\]\]

Pausanias Description of Greece 8.35

ed. Friedrich Spiro

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