Strabo, Geography, Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator), 7.fragments.23

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[23] Philip, who was brought up at Pella, formerly a small city, much improved it. In front of the city is a lake, out of which flows the river Ludias. The lake is supplied by a branch of the river Axius. Next follows the Axius, which separates the territory of Bottiaea and Amphaxitis, and after receiving the river Erigon, issues out between Chalestra and Therme. On the river Axius is a place which Homer calls Amydon, and says that the Paeones set out thence as auxiliaries to Troy:

From afar, from Amydon, from Axius’ wide stream.

The Axius is a turbid river, but as a spring of clearest water rises in Amydon, and mingles with the Axius, some have altered the line

̓αξιοῦ, οὔ κάλλισττον ὕδωοͅ ἐπικίδναται αἶαν,

Axius, whose fairest water o’erspreads Aea,

̓αξιοῦ, ᾧ κάλλιστον ὕοδωοͅ ἐπικίδναται αἴης.

Axius, o’er whom spreads Aea’s fairest water.

For it is not the fairest water which is diffused over the spring, but the fairest water of the spring which is diffused over the Axius.¹ EPIT.

Geography. Strabo. Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator). London. 1854-1857.

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Funding provided by Tufts University.

Current edition Perseus

Geography (English) (Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Vols. 1-3. Hamilton, Hans Claude, translator; Falconer, William, translator. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854-1857.)

Editions (1)

Γεωγραφικά Perseus (Strabo. Strabonis Geographica, Vols. 1-3. Meineke, August, editor. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877.) — 7.fragments.23 focus

[23] ὅτι τὴν Πέλλαν οὖσαν μικρὰν πρότερον Φίλιππος εἰς μῆκος ηὔξησε τραφεὶς ἐν αὐτῇ· ἔχει δὲ λίμνην πρὸ αὑτῆς, ἐξ ἧς ὁ Λουδίας ποταμὸς ῥεῖ· τὴν δὲ λίμνην πληροῖ τοῦ Ἀξιοῦ τι ποταμοῦ ἀπόσπασμα. εἶτα ὁ Ἀξιὸς διαιρῶν τήν τε Βοττιαίαν καὶ τὴν Ἀμφαξῖτιν γῆν, καὶ παραλαβὼν τὸν Ἐρίγωνα ποταμὸν ἐξίησι μεταξὺ Χαλάστρας καὶ Θέρμης· ἐπίκειται δὲ τῷ Ἀξιῷ ποταμῷ χωρίον, ὅπερ Ὅμηρος Ἀμυδῶνα καλεῖ, καί φησι τοὺς Παίονας ἐντεῦθεν εἰς Τροίαν ἐπικούρους ἐλθεῖν

τηλόθεν ἐξ Ἀμυδῶνος ἀπʼ Ἀξιοῦ εὐρυρέοντος.

¹ ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ ὁ μὲν Ἀξιὸς θολερός ἐστι, κρήνη δέ τις ἐξ Ἀμυδῶνος ἀνίσχουσα καὶ ἐπιμιγνυμένη αὐτῷ καλλίστου ὕδατος, διὰ τοῦτο τὸν ἑξῆς στίχον

Ἀξιοῦ, οὗ κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται Αἶαν

² μεταγράφουσιν οὕτως

Ἀξιοῦ, ᾧ κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται Αἴης.

³ οὐ γὰρ τὸ τοῦ Ἀξιοῦ ὕδωρ κάλλιστον τῇ πηγῇ ἐπικίδναται, ἀλλὰ τὸ τῆς πηγῆς τῷ Ἀξιῷ. Epit.

[23a] ἐν δὲ τῷ ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ ἢ αἶαν (διττῶς γὰρ ἡ γραφή) αἶαν τινὲς οὐ τὴν γῆν ἐνόησαν, ἀλλά τινα πηγήν, ὡς δῆλον ἐξ ὧν ὁ γεωγράφος φησί, λέγων ὅτι ἡ παρʼ Ὁμήρῳ Ἀμυδὼν Ἀβυδὼν ὕστερον ἐκλήθη, κατεσκάφη δέ. πηγὴ δὲ πλησίον Ἀμυδῶνος Αἶα καλουμένη καθαρώτατον ὕδωρ ἐκδιδοῦσα εἰς τὸν Ἄξιον, ὃς ἐκ πολλῶν πληρούμενος ποταμῶν θολερὸς ῥέει. φαύλη οὖν, φησίν, ἡ φερομένη γραφὴ Ἀξίου κάλλιστον ὕδωρ ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ, ὡς δηλαδὴ οὐ τοῦ Ἀξίου ἐπικιδνάντος τὸ ὕδωρ τῇ πηγῇ, ἀλλʼ ἀνάπαλιν· εἶτα ὑποδυσκόλως αἰτιώμενος ὁ γεωγράφος καὶ τὸ νοῆσαι τὴν αἶαν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς ἔοικε παντελῶς ἐθέλειν ἐκβαλεῖν τοῦ Ὁμηρικοῦ ἔπους τὴν τοιαύτην λέξιν. Eustathius ad Iliad 2.850

Translations (1)

Geography (Books 6-14) Perseus (Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Vols. 3-6. Jones, Horace Leonard, translator. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1924-1929 (printing).) — 7.frag.23 focus

[23] As for Pella, though it was formerly small, Philip greatly enlarged it, because he was reared in it. It has a lake before it; and it is from this lake that the Ludias River flows, and the lake is supplied by an offshoot of the Axius. Then the Axius, dividing both Bottiaea and the land called Amphaxitis, and receiving the Erigon River, discharges its waters between Chalastra and Therma. And on the Anius River lies the place which Homer calls Amydon, saying that the Paeonians went to the aid of Troy from there,

“from afar, out of Amydon, from wide-flowing Axius.”

¹² But since the Axius is muddy and since a certain spring rises in Amydon and mingles “water most fair” with it, therefore the next line,

“Axius, whose water most fair is spread o’er Aea,”

³⁴ is changed to read thus,

“Axius, o’er which is spread Aea’s water most fair”

⁵; for it is not the “water most fair” of the Axius that is spread over the face of the earth, but that of the spring o’er the Axius.

[23a] In the phrase ’spread o’er Aiai,’ or ‘Aian,’⁶, some are of the opinion that ‘Aea’ means, not the earth, but a certain spring, as is clear from what the Geographer says, namely: the Amydon in Homer was later called Abydon, but it was destroyed; and there is a spring near Amydon called Aea, which empties purest water into the Axius; and this river, since it is filled from many rivers, flows muddy. Therefore, he says, the current reading, ‘Axius’s water most fair spreads o’er Aea,’ is faulty, because it is clearly not the water of the Axius that spread o’er the spring, but the reverse. Then the Geographer goes on somewhat gruffly to find fault with the opinion that Aea refers to the earth, and appears disposed to eject such diction from the Homeric poem altogether.

Notes on the current edition

Geography

1. Kramer quotes the following passage from Eustathius: In the passage ἐπίκιδναται αἴῃ, or αἶαν, (for there are two readings,) some have understood αἶαν not to mean the earth, but a spring, as is evident from the words of the geographer, where he says that the Amydon of Homer was afterwards called Abydos, but was razed. For there is a spring of clearest water near Amydon, called Aea, running into the Axius, which is itself turbid, in consequence of the numerous rivers which flow into it. There is, therefore, he says, an error in the quotation, ̓αξίον κάλλιστον ὕδωοͅ ἐπικίδναται αἴῃ, as it is clearly not the Axius which diffuses its water over the spring, but the contrary. The geographer rather intemperately finds fault with the supposition of αἷαν meaning the earth, and seems anxious to reject altogether this reading in the Homeric poem.

Strabo Geography 7.fragments.23

Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator)

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