Strabo, Geography, Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator), 14.2.10

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[10] It is related of the Rhodians that their maritime affairs were in a flourishing state, not only from the time of the foundation of the present city, but that many years before the institution of the Olympic festival, they sailed to a great distance from their own country for the protection of sailors. They sailed as far as Spain, and there founded Rhodus, which the people of Marseilles afterwards occupied; they founded Parthenope¹ among the Opici, and Elpiae in Daunia, with the assistance of Coans. Some authors relate, that after their return from Troy they colonized the Gymnasian islands. According to Timaeus, the greater of these islands is the largest known,² next the seven following, Sardinia, Sicily, Cyprus, Crete, Euboea,³ Corsica, and Lesbos; but this is a mistake, for these others are much larger. It is said, that gymnetes (or light-armed soldiers⁴) are called by the Phoenicians balearides, and that from hence the Gymnasian islands were called Balearides.

Some of the Rhodians settled in the neighbourhood of Sybaris, in the Chonian territory.⁵ Homer seems to bear evidence of the former prosperity of the Rhodians, from the very foundation of the three cities;

they settled according to their tribes, in three companies, and were the favourites of Jupiter, who showered upon them great wealth.⁶

Other writers have applied these verses to a fable, according to which, at the birth of Minerva, it rained gold on the island from the head of Jupiter, as Pindar has said.⁷

The island is 920 stadia in circumference.

Geography. Strabo. Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator). London. 1854-1857.

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Funding provided by Tufts University.

Current edition Perseus

Geography (English) (Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Vols. 1-3. Hamilton, Hans Claude, translator; Falconer, William, translator. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1854-1857.)

Editions (1)

Γεωγραφικά Perseus (Strabo. Strabonis Geographica, Vols. 1-3. Meineke, August, editor. Leipzig: Teubner. 1877.) — 14.2.10 focus

[10] ἱστοροῦσι δὲ καὶ ταῦτα περὶ τῶν Ῥοδίων, ὅτι οὐ μόνον ἀφʼ οὗ χρόνου συνῴκισαν τὴν νῦν πόλιν εὐτύχουν κατὰ θάλατταν, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸ τῆς Ὀλυμπικῆς θέσεως συχνοῖς ἔτεσιν ἔπλεον πόρρω τῆς οἰκείας ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ τῶν ἀνθρώπων· ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ μέχρι Ἰβηρίας ἔπλευσαν, κἀκεῖ μὲν τὴν Ῥόδην ἔκτισαν ἣν ὕστερον Μασσαλιῶται κατέσχον, ἐν δὲ τοῖς Ὀπικοῖς τὴν Παρθενόπην, ἐν δὲ Δαυνίοις μετὰ Κῴων Ἐλπίας. τινὲς δὲ μετὰ τὴν ἐκ Τροίας ἄφοδον τὰς Γυμνησίας νήσους ὑπʼ αὐτῶν κτισθῆναι λέγουσιν, ὧν τὴν μείζω φησὶ Τίμαιος μεγίστην εἶναι μετὰ τὰς ἑπτά, Σαρδὼ Σικελίαν Κύπρον Κρήτην Εὔβοιαν Κύρνον Λέσβον, οὐ τἀληθῆ λέγων· πολὺ γὰρ ἄλλαι μείζους¹. φασὶ δὲ τοὺς γυμνήτας ὑπὸ Φοινίκων βαλεαρίδας λέγεσθαι, διότι τὰς Γυμνησίας Βαλεαρίδας λεχθῆναι. τινὲς δὲ τῶν Ῥοδίων καὶ περὶ Σύβαριν ᾤκησαν κατὰ τὴν Χωνίαν. ἔοικε δὲ καὶ ὁ ποιητὴς μαρτυρεῖν τὴν ἐκ παλαιοῦ παροῦσαν τοῖς Ῥοδίοις εὐδαιμονίαν εὐθὺς ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης κτίσεως τῶν τριῶν πόλεων

τριχθὰ δὲ ᾤκηθεν καταφυλαδόν, ἠδʼ ἐφίληθεν

ἐκ Διός, ὅστε θεοῖσι καὶ ἀνθρώποισιν ἀνάσσει,

καί σφιν θεσπέσιον πλοῦτον κατέχευε Κρονίων.

² οἱ δʼ εἰς μῦθον ἀνήγαγον τὸ ἔπος καὶ χρυσὸν ὑσθῆναί φασιν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ κατὰ τὴν Ἀθηνᾶς γένεσιν ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς τοῦ Διός, ὡς εἴρηκε Πίνδαρος. ἡ δὲ νῆσος κύκλον ἔχει σταδίων ἐνακοσίων εἴκοσιν.

Translations (1)

Geography (Books 6-14) Perseus (Strabo. The Geography of Strabo, Vols. 3-6. Jones, Horace Leonard, translator. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, Ltd., 1924-1929 (printing).) — 14.2.10 focus

[10] It is also related of the Rhodians that they have been prosperous by sea, not merely since the time when they founded the present city, but that even many years before the establishment of the Olympian Games they used to sail far away from their homeland to insure the safety of their people. Since that time, also, they have sailed as far as Iberia; and there they founded Rhodes,¹ of which the Massaliotes later took possession; among the Opici they founded Parthenope; and among the Daunians they, along with the Coans, founded Elpiae. Some say that the islands called the Gymnesiae were founded by them after their departure from Troy; and the larger of these, according to Timaeus, is the largest of all islands alter the seven—Sardinia, Sicily, Cypros, Crete, Euboea, Cyrnos, and Lesbos, but this is untrue, for there are others much larger. It is said that “gymnetes “² are called “balearides”³ by the Phoenicians, and that on this account the Gymnesiae were called Balearides. Some of the Rhodians took up their abode round Sybaris in Chonia. The poet, too, seems to bear witness to the prosperity enjoyed by the Rhodians from ancient times, forthwith from the first founding of the three cities:

and there his⁴ people settled in three divisions by tribes, and were loved of Zeus, who is lord over gods and men; and upon them,wondrous wealth was shed by the son of Cronus.

⁵Other writers refer these verses to a myth, and say that gold rained on the island at the time when Athena was born from the head of Zeus, as Pindar⁶ states. The island has a circuit of nine hundred and twenty stadia.

Notes on the current edition

Geography

1. Naples.

2. Majorca.

3. Negropont.

4. Called light-armed probably from the use of the sling, common among the Rhodians, as it was also among the Cretans. The use of the sling tends to prove the Rhodian origin of the inhabitants of the Balearic islands. The Athenian expedition to Sicily (Thucyd. vi. 43) was accompanied by 700 slingers from Rhodes.

5. Strabo here omits to mention the Rhodian origin of Agrigentum and Gela in Sicily.

6. Il. ii. 668.

7. Ol. vii. 61.

Strabo Geography 14.2.10

Hans Claude Hamilton (Translator), William Falconer (Translator)

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