Lucian of Samosata, Abdicatus, Austin Morris Harmon (Translator), 19

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

← Previous Next →

[19] Truly, truly, this matter is not as you will have it tobe. Youillinterpret the laws, father, for they are well made. Nature and law are not at war in the matter of good-will; they go hand in hand there, and work together for the righting of wrongs. You mistreat your benefactor; you wrong nature. Why wrong the laws, as well as nature? They mean to be good, and just, and kindly to children, but you will not allow it, inciting them repeatedly against one son as if his name were legion, and not suffering them to rest contented with punishments when they are willing to rest contented with demonstrations of filial affection; and yet they were not made, surely, as a menace to those who have done no wrong. Indeed, the laws permit suit to be brought on the charge of ingratitude against persons who do not help those who have helped them.¹_ But when a man, besides failing to render like for like, even deems it right to inflict punishment in return for the very benefits that he has received, think whether there is any exaggeration of injustice which he has overlooked!

That it is neither possible for him to disown a son after having already once for all exhausted his paternal right and made use of the laws, nor yet just to thrust away one who has shown himself so great a benefactor and exclude him from the house has been, I think, sufficiently established.

Abdicatus. Lucian of Samosata. Austin Morris Harmon (Translator). United States. Perseus 5.0.

Funding provided by National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Disowned (English) (Lucian, Vol. 5. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936 (printing).)

Editions (1)

Ἀποκηρυττόμενος Perseus (Lucian, Vol. 5. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936 (printing).) — 19 focus

[19] οὐκ ἔστι ταῦτα, οὐκ ἔστιν ὡς θέλεις· κακῶς ἑρμηνεύεις, ὦ πάτερ, καλῶς κειμένους τοὺς νόμους. οὐ πολεμεῖ φύσις καὶ νόμος ἐν ταῖς εὐνοίαις, ἀλλʼ ἀκολουθοῦσιν ἀλλήλοις ἐνταῦθα καὶ συναγωνίζονται τῇ λύσει τῶν ἀδικημάτων. ὑβρίζεις τὸν εὐεργέτην, ἀδικεῖς τὴν φύσιν. τί καὶ τοὺς νόμους συναδικεῖς τῇ φύσει; οὓς καλοὺς καὶ δικαίους καὶ φιλόπαιδας εἶναι θέλοντας οὐ συγχωρεῖς, καθʼ ἑνὸς παιδὸς ὡς κατὰ πολλῶν κινῶν πολλάκις καὶ ἡσυχάζειν οὐκ ἐῶν ἐν ταῖς τιμωρίαις τοὺς ἐν ταῖς τῶν παίδων πρὸς τοὺς πατέρας εὐνοίαις ἡσυχάζειν ἐθέλοντας, καίτοι γε ἐπὶ τοῖς μηδὲν ἡμαρτηκόσιν μηδὲ κειμένους. καὶ μὴν οἵ γε νόμοι καὶ ἀχαριστίας δικάζεσθαι διδόασιν κατὰ τῶν τοὺς εὐεργέτας μὴ ἀντευποιούντων. ὁ δὲ πρὸς τῷ μὴ ἀμείβεσθαι καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς οἷς πέπονθε¹ κολάζειν ἀξιῶν, σκέψασθε εἴ τινα ὑπερβολὴν ἀδικίας ἀπολέλοιπεν.

ὡς μὲν οὖν οὔτε ἀποκηρύττειν ἔτι τούτῳ ἔξεστιν ἅπαξ ἤδη τὴν πατρικὴν ἐξουσίαν ἀποπληρώσαντι καὶ χρησαμένῳ τοῖς νόμοις, οὔτε ἄλλως δίκαιον εὐεργέτην ἐς τὰ τηλικαῦτα γεγενημένον ἀπωθεῖσθαι καὶ τῆς οἰκίας παραιτεῖσθαι, ἱκανῶς, οἶμαι, δέδεικται.

Translations (1)

The Disinherited Perseus (The Works of Lucian of Samosata, Vol. 2. Fowler, Henry Watson and Fowler, Francis George, translators. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905.) — 19 focus

[19] The facts, believe me, are not as you would have them. You are a bad exponent, sir, of good laws. In this matter of affection there is no war between law and nature; they hunt in couples, they work together for the remedying of wrongs. When you evil entreat your benefactor, you are wronging nature; now I ask, do you wrong the laws as well as nature? You do; it is their intention to be fair-and just and give sons their rights; but you will not allow it; you hound them on again and again upon one child as though he were many; you keep them ever busy punishing, when their own desire is peace and goodwill between father and son. I need hardly add that, as against the innocent, they may be said to have no existence. But let me tell you, ingratitude also is an offence known to the law; an action will lie against a person who fails to recompense his benefactor. If he adds to such failure an attempt to punish, he has surely reached the uttermost limits of wrong in this sort. And now I think I have sufficiently established two points: first, my father has not the right, after once exerting his parental privilege and availing himself of the law, to disinherit me again; and secondly, it is on general grounds inadmissible to cast off and expel from his family one who has rendered service so invaluable.

Notes on the current edition

Disowned

The existence of a law making ingratitude (dyapio7ia) actionable was part of the accepted tradition of the Greek rhetorical seHnee (Sopater in Walz, Rhetores Graect, VIII, 175 and 239; Cyrus, tbsd., 391; cf. Seneca, de Benef., III, 6, 1). For its existence outside the schools the evidence is conflicting. The name of the action is included in the list given by Pollux, VIII, 31, and Valerius Maximus (V, 3, ext. 3) says that Athens had such a law. On the other hand, Xenophon puts into the mouth of Socrates (Mem., II, 2,13; ef. Cyrop. I, 2,7) the statement that Athens took no cognisance of ingratitude except toward parents, and Seneca (loc. cit.) says that no nation except the Macedonians had a law against it,

Lucian of Samosata Abdicatus 19

Austin Morris Harmon (Translator)

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

Current edition Perseus

Notes on the current edition

Stable identifiers