Lucian of Samosata, Toxaris vel amicitia, Emily James Smith (Translator), 10

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[10] Come, now, let us do something of this sort, if it takes your fancy. Let us leave the friends of old whom you or I could count out of the question; for under that head you would be rich in them, summoning many credible poets to testify to the friendship of Achilles and Patroklos, and the camaraderie of Theseus and Peirithoos and the others, singing them in metre with the most beautiful language. But let us select a few from our contemporaries and tell their exploits-I for Scythia, you for Greece-and he who is victorious and able to produce the best friends will be openly the better man, and will proclaim his the better country, because he has won in a very noble and beautiful contest. For my part, I should vastly prefer losing my right hand for having been worsted in single combat-that is the Scythian forfeit to being judged inferior to another man in respect of friendship, and that, too, though I am a Greek Scythian myself.

Toxaris vel amicitia. Lucian of Samosata. Emily James Smith (Translator). Medford, MA. Perseus 5.0.

Funding provided by National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Toxaris; Or, Friendship (English) (Selections from Lucian. Smith, Emily James, translator. New York: Harper Brothers, 1892.)

Editions (1)

Τόξαρις ἢ Φιλία Perseus (Lucian, Vol. 5. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936 (printing).) — 10 focus

Τόξαρις

Εἴ δʼ οὖν¹ δοκεῖ, οὕτω νῦν ποιῶμεν. τοὺς μὲν παλαιοὺς φίλους ἀτρεμεῖν ἐάσωμεν, εἴ τινας ἢ ἡμεῖς ἢ ὑμεῖς τῶν πάλαι καταριθμεῖν ἔχομεν, ἐπεὶ κατά γε τοῦτο πλεονεκτοῖτε ἄν, πολλοὺς καὶ ἀξιοπίστους μάρτυρας τοὺς ποιητὰς παρεχόμενοι τὴν Ἀχιλλέως καὶ Πατρόκλου φιλίαν καὶ τὴν Θησέως καὶ Πειρίθου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἑταιρείαν ἐν καλλίστοις ἔπεσι καὶ μέτροις ῥαψῳδοῦντας· ὀλίγους δέ τινας προχειρισάμενοι τῶν καθʼ ἡμᾶς αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν διηγησάμενοι, ἐγὼ μὲν τὰ Σκυθικά, σὺ δὲ τὰ Ἑλληνικά, ὁπότερος² ἂν ἐν τούτοις κρατῇ καὶ ἀμείνους παράσχηται τοὺς φίλους, αὐτός τε νενικηκὼς ἔσται καὶ τὴν αὑτοῦ ἀνακηρύξει, κάλλιστον ἀγῶνα καὶ σεμνότατον ἀγωνισάμενος. ὡς ἔγωγε πολὺ ἥδιον ἄν μοι δοκῶ μονομαχῶν ἡττηθεὶς ἀποτμηθῆναι τὴν δεξιάν, ὅπερ ἥττης³ Σκυθικῆς ἐπιτίμιόν ἐστιν, ἢ χείρων ἄλλου κατὰ φιλίαν κεκρίσθαι, καὶ ταῦτα Ἕλληνος, Σκύθης αὐτὸς ὤν.

Translations (2)

Toxaris, or Friendship Perseus (Lucian, Vol. 5. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936 (printing).) — 10 focus

[10] If you like, then, let us do this; let us leave the friends of former times to rest in peace, whomsoever, I mean, of the ancients either we or you are able to enumerate; for there, to be sure, you would outdo us by citing many trustworthy witnesses, your poets, who have rehearsed in the most beautiful of epic lines and lyric verses the friendship of Achilles and Patroclus and the comradeship of Theseus, Peirithous, and all the rest. Instead, let us take up just a few of our own contemporaries and recount their deeds, I for the Scythian side, you for the Greek; then whichever of us wins in this by bringing out better = of friendship shall not only be adjudged victor himself but shall be allowed to name his country in the proclamation, inasmuch as he will have taken part in a right glorious and noble contest. For my own part, I think I would much rather be defeated in single combat and have my right hand cut off, which is the penalty for defeat in Scythia, than to be pronounced inferior to anyone else in the matter of friendship, and above all to a Greek, when I am myself a Scythian.

Toxaris: a Dialogue of Friendship Perseus (The Works of Lucian of Samosata, Vol. 3. Fowler, Henry Watson and Fowler, Francis George, translators. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905.) — 10 focus

[10] Now, what do you say to this proposal? let us leave out of the question all the cases of ancient friendship that either of us might enumerate (there you would have the advantage of me: you could produce all the poets on your side, most credible of witnesses, with their Achilles and Patroclus, their Theseus and Pirithous, and others, all celebrated in the most charming verses); and instead let each of us advance a few instances of devotion that have occurred within his own experience, among our respective countrymen; these we will relate in detail, and whoever can show the best friendships is the winner, and announces his country as victorious. Mighty issues are at stake: I for my part would rather be worsted in single combat, and lose my right hand, as the Scythian custom is, than yield to any man on the question of friendship, above all to a Greek; for am I not a Scythian?

Lucian of Samosata Toxaris vel amicitia 10

Emily James Smith (Translator)

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