Lucian of Samosata, Toxaris vel amicitia, Austin Morris Harmon (Translator), 43

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[43] But let me tell you about another man equally honoured, Belitta, cousin of that same Amizoces. He saw that his friend Basthes had been dragged off his horse by a lion (it chanced that they were hunting together), and already the lion, lying upon him, had fastened upon his throat and was tearing him with his claws. Springing to the ground, he attacked the animal from behind and tried to draw him away, provoking him, diverting his attention, inserting his fingers between his teeth, and endeavouring in every possible way to extract Basthes from the grip of his jaws, until at last the lion left Basthes halfdead and turning upon Belitta, seized and killed him. In dying, however, he at least succeeded in stabbing the lion in the breast with his sword, so that they all died together, and in burying them we made two barrows in close proximity, one for the friends and one facing it for the lion.¹

Toxaris vel amicitia. Lucian of Samosata. Austin Morris Harmon (Translator). United States. Perseus 5.0.

Funding provided by National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

Toxaris, or Friendship (English) (Lucian, Vol. 5. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936 (printing).)

Editions (1)

Τόξαρις ἢ Φιλία Perseus (Lucian, Vol. 5. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1936 (printing).) — 43 focus

Τόξαρις

ἄκουε δʼ οὖν¹ καὶ ἄλλον ἰσότιμον, Βελίτταν, Ἀμιζώκου τούτου ἀνεψιόν, ὃς ἐπεὶ κατασπασθέντα ἐκ τοῦ ἵππου ὑπὸ λέοντος εἶδε Βάσθην τὸν φίλον (ἅμα δὲ ἔτυχον θηρῶντες) καὶ ἤδη ὁ λέων περιπλακεὶς αὐτῷ ἐνεπεφύκει τῷ λαιμῷ καὶ τοῖς ὄνυξιν ἐσπάρασσε, καταπηδήσας καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπιπίπτει κατόπιν τῷ θηρίῳ καὶ περιέσπα, πρὸς ἑαυτὸν παροξύνων καὶ μετάγων καὶ διὰ τῶν ὀδόντων μεταξὺ διείρων τοὺς δακτύλους καὶ τὸν Βάσθην, ὡς οἷόν τε ἦν, ὑπεξελεῖν πειρώμενος τοῦ δήγματος, ἄχρι δὴ ὁ λέων ἀφεὶς ἐκεῖνον ἡμιθνῆτα ἤδη ἐπὶ τὸν Βελίτταν ἀπεστράφη καὶ συμπλακεὶς ἀπέκτεινε κἀκεῖνον· ὁ δὲ ἀποθνήσκων τὸ γοῦν τοσοῦτον ἔφθη πατάξας τῷ ἀκινάκῃ τὸν λέοντα εἰς τὸ στέρνον ὥστε ἅμα πάντες ἀπέθανον, καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐθάψαμεν αὐτοὺς δύο τάφους ἀναχώσαντες πλησίον, ἕνα μὲν τῶν φίλων, ἕνα δὲ καταντικρὺ τοῦ λέοντος.

Translations (2)

Toxaris: a Dialogue of Friendship Perseus (The Works of Lucian of Samosata, Vol. 3. Fowler, Henry Watson and Fowler, Francis George, translators. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905.) — 43 focus

[43] And now let me introduce you to another friend, not inferior to Dandamis,—a cousin of Amizoces, Belitta by name. Belitta was once hunting with his friend Basthes, when the latter was torn from his horse by a lion. Already the brute had fallen upon him, and was clutching him by the throat and beginning to tear him to pieces, when Belitta, leaping to earth, rushed upon him from behind, and attempted to drag him off, and to turn his rage upon himself, thrusting his hands into the brute’s mouth, and doing his best to extricate Basthes from those teeth. He succeeded at last: the lion, abandoning his half dead prey, turned upon Belitta, grappled with him, and slew him; but not before Belitta had plunged a scimetar into his breast. Thus all three died together; and we buried them, the two friends in one grave, the lion in another close by.

Toxaris; Or, Friendship Perseus (Selections from Lucian. Smith, Emily James, translator. New York: Harper Brothers, 1892.) — 43 focus

[43] But now hear of another man, equally admirable: Belittas, a cousin of this Amizokes. When he saw his friend Basthes dragged from his horse by a lion-they happened to be hunting together —and that the lion had already clutched him and clung to his throat tearing him with his claws, he leaped down from his own horse, fell upon the beast from behind, and dragged him over, diverting his rage to himself. He passed his fingers between the animal's teeth, and tried his best to drag Basthes out of his jaws until the lion let him go, half dead already, and, turning upon Belittas, grappled with him and slew him too. But even as he was dying he found time to strike the lion in the breast with his sword, so that they all died together, and we buried them, digging two graves near together, one for the friends and one opposite for the lion.

Notes on the current edition

Toxaris, or Friendship

This tale, with its lion (in South Russia, about a.d. 150!) and the poetic justice of the animal’s entombment, distinctly suggests a literary source, perhaps an epigram.

Lucian of Samosata Toxaris vel amicitia 43

Austin Morris Harmon (Translator)

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