Lucian of Samosata, De luctu, Austin Morris Harmon (Translator), 2

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

← Previous Next →

[2] The general herd, whom philosophers call the laity, trust Homer and Hesiod and the other mythmakers in these matters, and take their poetry for a law unto themselves. So they suppose that there is a place deep under the earth called Hades, which is large and roomy and murky and sunless; I don’t know how they imagine it to be lighted up so that everything in it can be seen. The king of the abyss is a brother of Zeus named Pluto, who has been honoured with that appellative, so I was told by one well versed in such matters, because of his wealth of corpses.¹ This Pluto, they say, has organized his state and the world below as follows. He himself has been allotted the sovereignty of the dead, whom he receives, takes in charge, and retains in close custody, permitting nobody whatsoever to go back up above, except, in all time, a very few for most important reasons.

De luctu. Lucian of Samosata. Austin Morris Harmon (Translator). United States. Perseus 5.0.

Funding provided by National Endowment for the Humanities.

Current edition Perseus

On Funerals (English) (Lucian, Vol. 4. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1925 (printing).)

Editions (1)

Περὶ Πένθους Perseus (Lucian, Vol. 4. Harmon, Austin Morris, editor. London: William Heinemann, Ltd.; Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1925 (printing).) — 2 focus

[2] ὁ μὲν δὴ πολὺς ὅμιλος, οὓς ἰδιώτας οἱ σοφοὶ καλοῦσιν, Ὁμήρῳ τε καὶ Ἡσιόδῳ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις μυθοποιοῖς περὶ τούτων πειθόμενοι καὶ νόμον θέμενοι τὴν ποίησιν αὐτῶν, τόπον τινα ὑπὸ τῇ γῇ βαθὺν Ἅιδην ὑπειλήφασιν, μέγαν δὲ καὶ πολύχωρον τοῦτον εἶναι καὶ ζοφερὸν καὶ ἀνήλιον, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅπως αὐτοῖς φωτίζεσθαι δοκοῦντα πρὸς τὸ καὶ καθορᾶν τῶν ἐνόντων ἕκαστον· βασιλεύειν δὲ τοῦ χάσματος ἀδελφὸν τοῦ Διὸς Πλούτωνα κεκλημένον, ὥς μοι τῶν τὰ τοιαῦτα δεινῶν τις ἔλεγε, διὰ τὸ πλουτεῖν τοῖς νεκροῖς τῇ προσηγορίᾳ τετιμημένον. τοῦτον δὲ τὸν Πλούτωνα τὴν παρʼ αὑτῷ πολιτείαν καὶ τὸν κάτω βίον καταστήσασθαι τοιοῦτον· κεκληρῶσθαι μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν ἄρχειν τῶν ἀποθανόντων, καταδεξάμενον δὲ αὐτοὺς καὶ παραλαβόντα κατέχειν δεσμοῖς ἀφύκτοις, οὐδενὶ τὸ παράπαν τῆς ἄνω ὁδοῦ ὑφιέμενον πλὴν ἐξ ἅπαντος τοῦ αἰῶνος πάνυ ὀλίγων ἐπὶ μεγίσταις αἰτίαις.

Translations (1)

Of Mourning Perseus (The Works of Lucian of Samosata, Vol. 3. Fowler, Henry Watson and Fowler, Francis George, translators. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905.) — 2 focus

[2] The vulgar (as philosophers call the generality of mankind), implicitly taking as their text-book the fictions of Homer and Hesiod and other poets, assume the existence of a deep subterranean hole called Hades; spacious, murky, and sunless, but by some mysterious means sufficiently lighted to render all its details visible. Its king is a brother of Zeus, one Pluto; whose name—so an able philologer assures me—contains a complimentary allusion to his ghostly wealth. As to the nature of his government, and the condition of his subjects, the authority allotted to him extends over all the dead, who, from the moment that they come under his control, are kept in unbreakable fetters; Shades are on no account permitted to return to Earth; to this rule there have been only two or three exceptions since the beginning of the world, and these were made for very urgent reasons.

Notes on the current edition

On Funerals

The Greeks derived the name Ploutdn (Pluto) from ploutein (to be rich), and generally held that it was given to Hades because he owned and dispensed the riches that are in the earth. So Lucian in the Timon(21). Here, however, we have in substance the view of Cornutus (5): “He was called Pluto because, of all that is perishable, there is nothing which does not at last go down to him and become his property.”

Lucian of Samosata De luctu 2

Austin Morris Harmon (Translator)

Search the Perseus Catalog for:

Current edition Perseus

Notes on the current edition

Stable identifiers