Plato Republic 5.467

μαχεῖται ‐‐ τέκῃ . Cf. Xen. Cyr. IV 3. 2 and Tac. Germ. 7 quodque praecipuum fortitudinis incitamentum est —in proximo pignora, unde feminarum ululatus audiri, unde vagitus infantium.

ἀναλαβεῖν =‘to recover.’ This intransitive use of ἀναλαμβάνειν is especially common in medical writers: see Stephanus-Hase Lex. s.v. It arises from the omission of the reflexive pronoun, which is a common way of making transitive verbs into intransitive: see on I 336 B.

παῖδας τοὺς ἄνδρας. Ξ with several other MSS reads τοὺς παῖδας instead of παῖδας. But παῖδας is predicative, and goes with θεωρεῖν. “Socrates plurimum referre dicit, ut qui adulti bellicosi futuri sint, iam pueri res bellicas spectent” (Schneider). Hartman seriously weakens the contrast between παῖδας and ἄνδρας by reading ἄνδρας <τοὺς> πολεμικούς.

διαφέρει . We should at first sight expect <πολὺ> διαφέρει, and so Richards suggests. But (as Hartman points out) the introduction of οὐκ ἄξιον κινδύνου breaks the continuity between the original question and the reply. Hence, too, the reply has διαφέρει, not διαφέρειν (the reading of Ξ and a few other MSS, wrongly preferred by Hartman).

τοῦτο μὲν κτλ. ὑπαρκτέον= δεῖ <*>πάρχειν (intransitive), not ‘we must begin with,’ as J. and C. suppose. Cf. ἑκτέον 468 A. τοῦτο (accusative: see on III 400 D) is explained by θεωροὺς— ποιεῖν. With προσμηχανᾶσθαι, δεῖ or the like is understood out of ὑπαρκτέον: cf. Gorg. 492 D τὰς μὲν ἐπιθυμίας φὴ|ς οὐ κολαστέον—<*>ῶντα δὲ αὐτὰς ὡς μεγίστας πλήρωσιν—ἑτοιμάζειν and Crito 51 C. Richards needlessly proposes to read προσμηχανητέον or to insert “something like δεήσει.”

εὐλαβήσονται : sc. ἄγειν.

παιδαγωγούς . The tutorial office in Athens was assigned to slaves. In Plato it is exercised by the very best of the citizens. Bosanquet justly emphasizes the revolution which Plato's arrangement would involve in the education of the young.

ἀλλὰ γάρ . II 365 C note

διδαξαμένους . Schneider reads διδαχθέντας, while preferring his own conjecture δεδιδαξομένους. The future διδαξομένους cannot be right: for the children would certainly be taught to ride, before going on such expeditions (J. and C.). It would be too hazardous in such a case ἐν πίθῳ κεραμεύειν. Against Schneider's conjecture it may be urged that the future perfect participle should not be used where the aorist participle is enough. διδαχθέντας is an obvious ‘correction.’ With διδαξαμένους the meaning is simply ‘when they have taught them to ride.’ The middle expresses personal interest; and does not imply that the ἐπίκουροι get them taught by others. See on this point IV 421 E note It may be noted that in Sparta great importance was attached to learning the accomplishment of riding (Müller Dorians II p. 316).