Aristophanes Clouds 961

William James Hickie (Translator)

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Clouds. Aristophanes. William James Hickie (Translator). London. 1853.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Funding provided by The Annenberg CPB/Project.

Current edition Perseus

Clouds (English) (Aristophanes. The Comedies of Aristophanes, Vol. I. Hickie, William James, translator. Bohn: London, 1853.)

Editions (1)
Νεφέλαι Perseus (Aristophanes. Aristophanis Comoediae, Vol. 1. Hall, F. W. and Geldart, William M., editors. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906.) — 961 focus
Translations (1)
English (Sanjaya, generated; selected passages) (OCR draft) Experimental (Source: pnadelofficial/aristophanes-sanjaya, commit c319590c139e5603e71f0699caa0663d823af8ad. Machine-generated source annotations retained; see Sanjaya import audit for coverage and limitations.) — 961 focus

Commentary

Commentary (Sanjaya, generated; selected passages) (OCR draft) (Source: pnadelofficial/aristophanes-sanjaya, commit c319590c139e5603e71f0699caa0663d823af8ad. Machine-generated source annotations retained; see Sanjaya import audit for coverage and limitations.) focus

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ὅτʼ ἐγὼ τὰ δίκαια λέγων ἤνθουν καὶ σωφροσύνη ʼνενόμιστο.
The verb ἤνθουν (aorist of ἀνθέω) is used here in a specialized metaphorical sense to describe the flourishing or blooming of the speaker's reputation and rhetorical success, a usage characteristic of the comic genre's hyperbolic personification of abstract qualities. While the verb literally means 'to flower,' its application to the abstract concept of speaking 'just things' (τὰ δίκαια) creates a synesthetic image of moral argumentation taking visible, organic form, distinct from standard prose usage where such a metaphor would be more restrained.

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οἵας οἱ νῦν τὰς κατὰ Φρῦνιν ταύτας τὰς δυσκολοκάμπτους,
The phrase 'τὰς κατὰ Φρῦνιν' is a specific topographical reference to the Phrynion, a deme of Attica (sometimes identified with the hill or the precinct of Phryne, though here likely the deme itself). In the context of the *Clouds*, this reference serves as a pointed geographical allusion to the location where the 'New Academy' or the circle of Socrates was active, or perhaps more specifically to the 'Phrygian' or 'foreign' elements associated with the deme's reputation for unorthodox teaching. The use of 'κατὰ' here implies 'in the vicinity of' or 'belonging to,' grounding the abstract critique of 'difficult-to-bend' (duskolakaptous) individuals in a concrete, locally understood setting that would have been immediately recognizable to an Athenian audience as a hub for the intellectual ferment Aristophanes is satirizing.

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ἐπετρίβετο τυπτόμενος πολλὰς ὡς τὰς Μούσας ἀφανίζων.
The participle ἀφανίζων ('destroying' or 'causing to vanish') is a future active participle functioning with a causal or consequential force, yet it lacks an explicit subject in the main clause. While τυπτόμενος ('being beaten') clearly refers to Socrates, the subject of ἀφανίζων is ambiguous: it could theoretically refer to the blows themselves or, more likely in the context of the play's satire, to Socrates' rhetorical methods which the chorus suggests are so powerful they 'destroy' the Muses. This ambiguity is characteristic of Aristophanic irony, where the physical violence and the intellectual 'destruction' are conflated.