Philo Judaeus, Quod Omnis Probus Liber Sit, ed. Leopold Cohn, ed. Siegfried Reiter, 60

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[60] καὶ μὴν ὃν μὴ ἐνδέχεται μήτ’ ἀναγκάσαι μήτε κωλῦσαι, ἐκεῖνος οὐκ ἂν εἴη δοῦλος· τὸν δὲ σπουδαῖον οὐκ ἔστιν οὔτ’ ἀναγκάσαι οὔτε κωλῦσαι· οὐκ ἄρα δοῦλος ὁ σπουδαῖος. ὅτι δ’ οὔτ’ ἀναγκάζεται οὔτε κωλύεται, δῆλον· κωλύεται μὲν γὰρ ὁ μὴ τυγχάνων ὧν ὀρέγεται, ὀρέγεται δ’ ὁ σοφὸς τῶν ἀπ’ ἀρετῆς, ὧν ἀποτυγχάνειν
οὐ πέφυκε. καὶ μὴν εἰ ἀναγκάζεται, δῆλον ὅτι ἄκων τι ποιεῖ· ἐν οἷς δὲ αἱ πράξεις, ἢ ἀπ’ ἀρετῆς εἰσι κατορθώματα ἢ ἀπὸ κακίας ¹² ἁμαρτήματα ἢ μέσα καὶ ἀδιάφορα.

Quod Omnis Probus Liber Sit. Philo Judaeus. ed. Leopold Cohn, ed. Siegfried Reiter. Germany. 2014.

Funding provided by European Social Fund Saxony.

Current edition First1KGreek

Quod Omnis Probus Liber Sit (Greek) (Philo Judaeus. Opera quae supersunt, Volume 6. Cohn, Leonard; Reiter, Siegfried, editors. Berlin: Reimer, 1915.)

Translations (1)

To Prove that every Man who is virtuous is also free First1KGreek (The works of Philo Judaeus, the contemporary of Josephus, volume 3. Yonge, C. D., translator. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1855.) — 60 focus

[60] And indeed the man whom it is not possible either to compel to do anything, or to prevent from doing anything, cannot possibly be a slave; and one cannot compel or prevent the virtuous man. Therefore the virtuous man cannot be a slave; and that he is never under compulsion or under any restraint is quite plain; for that man is under restraint who does not obtain what he desires. But the wise man only desires such things as proceed from virtue, in which it is impossible for him to be disappointed. And again, if he is under compulsion, then it is plain that he does something against his will; but in all cases where there are actions, they are either good ones proceeding from virtue, or evil ones ¹ proceeding from wickedness, or else they are of an intermediate and indifferent character.

Notes on the current edition

Quod omnis probus liber sit

1.
1 δὲ M πάντα post ποιεῖ om. M πάντα ποιῶν] ποιῶν πάντα F
2 καὶ ante ἀμέμπτως om. AQT ἀμέμπτως τὲ καὶ QT καὶ ante ἀνεπιλήπτως om. Α ἀνεπιλήπτως MAT: ἀνεπιπλήκτως ceteri (v)
3 ὥστ’] οὗτος AQT ἐξουσία F σχήσει om. F
4 ταῦτα FG
5 ἄρα] γὰρ T 6—7 ἐκεῖνος—κωλῦσαι MG: om. ceteri (Turn.)
6 ἐκεῖνος post δοῦλος transp. τὸν M: εἰ G
7 οὕτ’ ἀναγκάσαι οὔτε κωλῦσαι MG: ἀναγκάσαι οὐδὲ κωλῦσαι Mang.
8 οὔτ’] οὐκ M μὲν om. P
9 δὲ M
10 ποιεῖ] ἐποίει M
11 ἐν οἷς] ἀνθρώποις coni. Arnim ἡ πρᾶξις M εἰσι] ἐστι FGAT

2.
2 Diog. La. VII 122 ἔτι καὶ ἀναμαρτήτους (εἶναι τοὺς σοφούς), τῷ ἀπεριπτώτους ἁμαρτήματι.
5 sqq. Ambros. Epist. 37,
20 etenim qui neque cogi potest neque prohiberi, is nequaquam servus: sapientis autem neque cogi neque prohiberi: non est igitur servus sapiens. prohibetur enim qui non fungitur iis quae desiderat: quae autem desiderat sapiens nisi ea quae virtutis et disciplinae sunt, sine quibus esse non potest? . . . quod si cogitur, manifestum est quod invitus faciat. in omnibus autem factis aut a virtute correctiones sunt aut a malitia prolapsiones aut media et indifferentia. virtutis non coactus sed voluntarius exsecutor est sapiens, quoniam omnia quae placent agit, malitiae fugitans, nec somnium eius admittit. indifferentibus ita non movetur, ut nullis momentis sicut vulgus hominum huc atque illuc inclinetur, sed tamquam in statera mens eius aequa lance pendeat, ut neque ad voluptaria propendeat neque omnino ad ea quae sunt aversanda vel leviter studium inclinet suum, sed immobilis maneat affectu. unde liquet, quia nihil invitus facit sapiens neque cogitur, quia si servns esset cogeretur: liber est igitur sapiens. cf. Cic. Parad. V 1,34 soli igitur hoc contingit sapienti, ut nihil faciat invitus, nihil dolens, nihil coactus. Epict. Diss. I 12,
9 ἐλεύθερος γάρ ἐστιν, ᾧ γίνεται πάντα κατὰ προαίρεσιν καὶ ὃν οὐδεὶς δύναται κωλῦσαι. IV 1,
1 ἐλεύθερός ἐστιν ὁ ζῶν ὡς βούλεται, ὃν οὔτ’ ἀναγκάσαι ἔστιν οὔτε κωλῦσαι οὔτε βιάσασθαι. IV 1, 128 ὁ ἀκώλυτος ἄνθρωπος ἐλεύθερος, ᾧ πρόχειρα τὰ πράγματα ὡς βούλεται· ὃν δ’ ἔστιν ἢ κωλῦσαι ἢ ἀναγκάσαι ἡ ἐμποδίσαι ἡ ἄκοντα εἴς τι ἐμβαλεῖν, δοῦλός ἐστι. Stob. Ecl. II 7,
11 g παρ’ ὃ καὶ οὕτε ἀναγκάζεται ὁ σπουδαῖος) ὑπό τινος οὗτε ἀναγκάζει τινά, οὔτε κωλύεται οὔτε κωλύει, οὔτε βιάζεται ὑπό τινος οὔτ᾿ αὐτὸς βιάζει τινά κτλ.

Philo Judaeus Quod Omnis Probus Liber Sit 60

ed. Leopold Cohn, ed. Siegfried Reiter

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