Homer Iliad 23.351

View: By Book
Next bold Meriones was seen to rise,
425
The last, but not least ardent for the prize.
They mount their seats; the lots their place dispose;
(Roll'd in his helmet, these Achilles throws;)
Young Nestor leads the race; Eumelus then;
And next, the brother of the king of men:
430
Thy lot, Meriones, the fourth was cast;
And, far the bravest, Diomed, was last.
They stand in order, an impatient train;
Pelides points the barrier on the plain,
And sends before old Phoenix to the place,
435
To mark the racers, and to judge the race.
At once the coursers from the barrier bound;
The lifted scourges all at once resound;
Their heart, their eyes, their voice, they send before;
And up the champaign thunder from the shore:
440
Thick, where they drive, the dusty clouds arise,
And the lost courser in the whirlwind flies;
Loose on their shoulders the long manes reclin'd,
Float in their speed, and dance upon the wind:
The smoking chariots, rapid as they bound,
445
Now seem to touch the sky, and now the ground;
While hot for fame, and conquest all their care,
(Each o'er his flying courser hung in air,)
Erect with ardour, pois'd upon the rein,
They pant, they stretch, they shout along the plain.
450
Now (the last compass fetch'd around the goal)
At the near prize each gathers all his soul,
Each burns with double hope, with double pain,
Tears up the shore, and thunders tow'rd the main.
First flew Eumelus on Pheretian steeds;
455
With those of Tros, bold Diomed succeeds:
Close on Eumelus' back they puff the wind,
And seem just mounting on his car behind;
Full on his neck he feels the sultry breeze,
And, hovering o'er, their stretching shadows sees.
460
Then had he lost, or left a doubtful prize;
But angry Phoebus to Tydides flies,
Strikes from his hand the scourge, and renders vain
His matchless horses' labour on the plain.
Rage fills his eye with anguish, to survey,
465
Snatch'd from his hope, the glories of the day.

Iliad. Homer. London. 1863.

Sponsored by Perseus Project, Tufts University.

Current edition Experimental

English (Alexander Pope, 1720, ed. Watson, 1857) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Alexander Pope, 1720, ed. Watson, 1857))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (1)
Ἰλιάς Perseus (Homer. Homeri Opera, Volumes 1-2. Monro, D. B. (David Binning), editor; Allen, Thomas W. (Thomas William), editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920.) — 23.351 focus
Translations (8)
Iliad Perseus (Homer. The Iliad, Volume 1-2. Murray, A. T. (Augustus Taber), translator. London: William Heinmann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1924-1925.) — 23.351 focus
Iliad Perseus (Homer. The Iliad of Homer, rendered into English prose for the use of those who cannot read the original. Butler, Samuel, 1835-1902, translator. London: Longmans, Green, and Co, 1898.) — 23.287 focus
English (Butler, rev. Nagy et al., 2020) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Butler, rev. Nagy et al., 2020)) — 23.351 focus
and fifth in order Meriones got ready his horses. They then all mounted their chariots and cast lots. Achilles shook the helmet, and the lot of Antilokhos, son of Nestor, fell out first; next came that of strong King Eumelos, [355] and after his, those of Menelaos the spear-famed son of Atreus and of Meriones. The last place fell to the lot of Diomedes, son of Tydeus, who was the best man of them all. They took their places in line; Achilles showed them the turning-post round which they were to turn, some way off upon the plain; here he stationed his father’s follower [360] Phoenix as umpire, to note the running, and report truly.
English (William Cullen Bryant, 1870) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (William Cullen Bryant, 1870)) — 23.351 focus
English (Thomas Hobbes, 1667, ed. Molesworth 1843) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Hobbes, 1667, ed. Molesworth 1843)) — 23.351 focus
English (George Chapman, 1611, ed. Hooper 1857) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (George Chapman, 1611, ed. Hooper 1857)) — 23.351 focus
English (William Cowper, 1791, ed. Southey) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (William Cowper, 1791, ed. Southey)) — 23.351 focus
English (F. W. Newman, 1856) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (F. W. Newman, 1856)) — 23 focus

New Alexandria Commentaries

Douglas Frame

analysis of the motivation of Nestor’s speech of advice to Antilochus – evoking Nestor’s own earlier race (the turning post, on which Nestor spends so much time, is ignored in the description of the race)

source

analysis of the differences between Nestor at his chariot race against the twins and Antilochus at the race in Iliad 23, here, slow and old horses

source

comparison of Antilochus with the skilled charioteer in Nestor’s speech and Antilochus’ taking to heart what Nestor says (oude me lēsei/he lēthei)

source

analysis of the role of noos in Antilochus’ race (contra Menelaus’ words regarding Antilochus’ noos)

source

analysis of the role of noos in Antilochus’ race (contra Menelaus’ words regarding Antilochus’ noos)

source

comparison of Antilochus’ and Menelaus’ race with Nestor’s against the Epeian twins, in terms of incitement and (not) crashing

source

comparison of Antilochus’ and Menelaus’ race with Nestor’s against the Epeian twins, in terms of incitement and (not) crashing

source

comparison of Antilochus’ heedless incitement to Nestor’s state of mind when he crashed, and Patroclus’ when the gods call him to death (I.16.693)

source

comparison of Antilochus’ and Menelaus’ race with Nestor’s against the Epeian twins, in terms of incitement and (not) crashing

source

analysis of Menelaus’ characterization as a follower in his relationship with Agamemnon, here in particular the use of the verb methiēmi of him in these verses and in I.10.121

source

analysis of Antilochus’ and Menelaus’ dispute over the second prize in the chariot race

source

analysis of Eumelos’ virtual race (as surmised by Idomeneus) and comparison with Nestor’s race in his youth

source

Eumelos’ virtual race as a description of Nestor’s youthful race, in the context of analyzing Nestor and Diomedes as charioteers in I.08 and Nestor’s dropping the reins

source

analysis of Eumelos’ virtual race (as surmised by Idomeneus) and comparison with Nestor’s race in his youth

source
Gregory Nagy

The funeral that Achilles arranges here for Patroklos in the Iliad is in some ways a preview of the funeral that the Achaeans will arrange for Achilles himself beyond the time-frame of the Iliad. A high point of the funeral in Iliad 23 is a spectacular chariot race arranged by Achilles to honor his dead comrade Patroklos. But an earlier high point is a comparably spectacular cremation of his friend’s body. But this cremation of Patroklos, as a ritual, is far from perfect: it is in fact polluted, and the pollution will make Achilles look bad, at least for the moment. The polluted thoughts of the hero, as evidenced by his dragging the corpse of Hector behind his speeding chariot, will drive him to extremes that will challenge the cosmic order. But the Master Narrator of the Iliad will remedy the pollution, and the remedy will take the form of actually narrating the grim story. In the process of this narration, a great lesson will be learned about life, death, and a hoped-for recovery of life.

draft js image errorAchilles dragging the body of Hector. Copperplate etching (1795) by Tommaso Piroli, after a drawing (1793) by John Flaxman. Image via Wikimedia Commons.

source
Richard Martin

The dispute between Ajax and Idomeneus at the Funeral Games (23.457-98) illustrates several features of the flyting genre in sequence. Idomeneus' muthos is an attempt to gain authority by the suggestion that he alone has the ability to discern the race results before it is over (23.457-72), and also gives him an opportunity to single out Diomedes for praise (23.471-73). Ajax recognizes the move for what it is and criticizes the older hero's style: "Why are you blustering beforehand?" (labreueai, 23.474). Ajax then denigrates Idomeneus not only for the content of his speech but for his proficiency at this abased speech form itself: "You are always blustering with muthoi. You mustn't be a blustering speaker. There are better ones present" (23.479-80). Idomeneus springs on Ajax the same rhetorical trap seen elsewhere (Agamemnon at 4.399-400), implicitly conceding the honor of best flyting speaker to Ajax while suggesting that prowess in flyting is accompanied by incompetence at all else (23.483-84). Achilles interrupts the escalating flyting match with a command to focus attention on nikē rather than neikos (23.496), deflecting blame onto those who would use the genre: "Get angry at another, whoever would do such things" (23.494) (Martin 1993:75-76).

For the broader analysis of the flyting genre, see the comment on Iliad 4.336-421.

References

Martin, R. P. 1993. The Language of Heroes: Speech and Performance in the Iliad. Ithaca.

source