Sophocles Oedipus at Colonus 323

Robert Potter (Translator)

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Oedipus
960
Unblushing insolence! falls this reproach
960
On my hoar head, or on thine own? while thus
960
Thy tongue descants on murders, nuptial rites,
And miseries which, unhappy, I sustain'd
Of guilt not conscious; so it pleased the gods,
Of old perchance enraged at some offence
Of those from whom I sprung; for fault in me,
965
To warrant this reproach thou canst not find
Against myself committed, or my house.
For tell me, to my father if the voice
Of oracles declared that he should fall
Slain by his sons, me justly for the deed
Dost thou revile? I had not being then.
970
If by ill fate (and that ill fate was mine)
I in fierce conflict 'gainst my father stood,
And slew him, nothing knowing whom my hand
Opposed, canst thou revile me for a deed
Unknowingly committed? But, thou wretch,
Dost thou not blush that of my mother's bed
975
Thou hast constrain'd me to make mention, since
She was thy sister? I will speak of it
Briefly (for what would silence now avail?)
Since thy unhallow'd tongue hath touch'd that point.
She brought me forth, ah me! she brought me forth,
980
O my unhappy fate! then bore me sons,
980
Her foul reproach, unconscious I of guilt,
Of guilt unconscious she. But this I know,
Me thou hast willingly reviled, and her;
Unwillingly I wedded her, and now
Unwillingly speak this. Yet shall my name
985
Fear from these nuptials no reviling tongue,
Nor from my father's death, the constant theme
Of thy malignant censure: for with truth
Answer me this, should one with boisterous force
Instant attack thy life, no wrong by thee
First offer'd, wou'dst thou nice inquiry make
990
Whether thy father made the rude assault;
Or wou'dst thou in a moment strive t' avenge
The wrong? I think, if that thou lovest thy life,
Thou wou'dst avenge thee of the ruffian strait,
Nor with slow caution ponder what is right.
On ills like these with erring steps I ran,
995
Led by the gods? nor would my father's shade,
Could it return to life, I think, reply
Opposing my just plea. But thou, whose soul
No justice rules, prompted by impious pride
To utter all, though honour bids thy tongue
1000
Be silent, in this presence hast presumed:
1000
To charge me thus with base and slanderous blame.
Yet canst thou stoop with adulation bland
To fawn on Theseus, and th' Athenian state
As train'd to righteous laws; but 'midst thy praise
Of this forgetful, that if ever land
1005
Knew with due honours to revere the gods,
Athens in this hath high pre-eminence..
Yet in this state thy thievish hand hath seized,
Its hoary supplicant, and borne away
My virgin daughters. Touch'd with wrongs like these
Bending before these awful pow'rs I breathe
1010
My ardent supplications, and invoke
Their succour, their protection, that thy pride
May learn what men are guardians of this state.

Oedipus at Colonus. Sophocles. Robert Potter (Translator). London. 1820.

Current edition Experimental

English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Robert Potter, 1788))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (2)
Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 323 focus
ὅμαιμον· αὐδῇ δʼ αὐτίκʼ ἔξεστιν μαθεῖν.
Greek (F. Storr, 1912) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. Storr, 1912)) — 254-509 focus
Translations (4)
English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 323 focus
ANT
Unhappy, I am dragged away,—O strangers!
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 337 focus
Ha, dieses Paar von Brüdern, das Aegyptos' Art
So ganz in Sinn und Leben sich zum Muster nahm!
Dort bleibt das Volk der Männer allezeit daheim 1
Am Webestuhle sizen, und die Frau'n ergeh'n
335
Sich draußen, schaffend, was die Noth des Lebens heischt.
So walten jene, welchen hier um mich zu sein
Oblag, o Kinder, Mädchen gleich, im Haus daheim;
Ihr aber müht statt ihrer euch um mein Geschick,
Das jammervolle; diese, seit aus junger Zucht
340
Sie frisch heranwuchs und erstarkt am Körper war,
Irrt' auf der herben Wanderfahrt mit mir herum,
Kastlos den Greis geleitend; oft umhergescheucht
Durch wilde Wälder, ohne Nahrung, unbeschuht,
Ost auch mit Regenschauern und der Sonne Brand
345
Mühselig ringend, achtet sie des Hauses Hut
Und Fülle nichtig, hat der Vater Pflege nur.
(zu Ismene)
Du, Tochter, brachtest früher schon dem Vater stets,
Geheim vor Kadmos' Volke, jeden Götterspruch,
Der über dieses Haupt erscholl; du standest ihm
350
Zur Seite treulich, als man ihn vom Land verstieß.
Und welche Kunde bringst du jezt dem Vater, Kind?
Was trieb vom Heimatherde dich zur Fahrt hinaus?
Nicht leer ja kommst du, (dessen bin ich ganz gewiß,)
Nicht, ohne daß du Schrecken mir verkündigest.
355
English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 323 focus
Antigone
1431
Art thou determined then, and wilt thou go ?
English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904)) — 254-507 focus

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-709-1 τοῦ 1

mvp-comment-710-1 μοι 2

mvp-comment-710-2 διῆκας 3

mvp-comment-711-1 ἄκων 4

mvp-comment-711-2 θεοῖς 5

mvp-comment-712-1 ἄν 6

mvp-comment-713-1 ἐπεὶ καθ’ αὑτόν γ’ 7

mvp-comment-713-2 Others take

ἀνθ’ ὅτου
as=
"in that,"
" because ,"
and understand:—
"For you cannot charge any guilt on me personally (
καθ’ αὑτόν"
), in that I sinned against myself and my kindred.
But (1) καθ’ αὑτόν could not naturally express this contrast between the badness of the acts and the innocence of the agent. It contrasts the man with the
γένος
. (2) ἀνθ’ ὅτου regularly (if not always)=
"in return for which,"
"wherefore"
: e.g. El. 585
δίδαξον ἀνθ’ ὅτου τανῦν
αἴσχιστα πάντων ἔργα δρῶσα τυγχάνεις
: Eur. Alc. 246
οὐδὲν θεοὺς δράσαντας ἀνθ’ ὅτου θανεῖ
: I. T. 926
ἡ δ’ αἰτία τίς ἀνθ’ ὅτου κτείνει πόσιν;
So Hec. 1131 , 1136.

mvp-comment-714-1 ἐπεὶ δίδαξον 8

mvp-comment-714-2 εἴ τι θέσφατον 9

mvp-comment-715-1 The simple inf. θανεῖν could have depended on

θέσφατον
, but ὥστε is added, as below 1350 ; Plat. Prot. 338C
ἀδύνατον ἡμῖν ὥστε Πρωταγόρου τοῦδε σοφώτερόν τινα ἑλέσθαι
: Eur. Hipp. 1327
Κύπρις γὰρ ἤθελ’ ὥστε γίγνεσθαι τάδε
: Thuc. 1.119
δεηθέντες ὥστε ψηφίσασθαι
: 8. 45
πεῖσαι ὥστε συγχωρῆσαι.

mvp-comment-715-2 παίδων 10

mvp-comment-716-1 οὔτε...οὐ 11

mvp-comment-716-2 βλάστας 12

mvp-comment-717-1 φανεὶς δύστηνος 13

mvp-comment-717-2 ἐγὼ )φάνην 14

mvp-comment-718-1 ἐς χεῖρας 15

mvp-comment-719-1 μηδὲν 16

mvp-comment-720-1 The MSS. have πῶς γ’ ἄν , but γ’ should probably be omitted. In L, at least, there is a perceptible tendency to insert

γ’, τ’
, etc., superfluously (cp. cr. n. on 260); and here the first γ’ would weaken the second, while πῶς needs no strengthening. In O. T. 1030 , where L and most MSS. have
γ’...γε
, we should read
δ’...γε
. There is, however, no objection to a doubled
γε
where each of two words in the same sentence is to be emphasised ( Her. 1.187 ).

mvp-comment-720-2 ἆκον 17

mvp-comment-721-1 L's τλήμων might be either ( a ) predicate with the verb, or ( b ) nom. for voc., as 185

ὦ τλάμων
, where see n. But ( a ) would be rather weak; and a direct address, rather than a half-comment (as in 185), is fitting here. τλῆμον , then, seems most probable.

mvp-comment-722-1 οὖν 18

mvp-comment-723-1 εἰς τόδ’ ἐξελθ. ἀνόσιον στόμα 19

mvp-comment-723-2 ἀνόσιον στόμα 20

mvp-comment-724-1 — 984 He has just said,

"why force me to speak of Iocasta's marriage, when it was such as I will tell? "
(980). In these three vv. he tells of what sort it was,—viz., incestuous, but unconsciously so;—a double reason why Creon should have spared the taunt.

mvp-comment-724-2 ἔτικτεν 21

mvp-comment-724-3 αὑτῆς ὄνειδος 22

mvp-comment-725-1 δυσστομεῖν 23

mvp-comment-726-1 ἄκων 24

mvp-comment-727-1 ἀλλ’ οὐ γὰρ 25

mvp-comment-727-2 The MS.

ἀκούσομαι κακὸς
=
"will be pronounced evil"
(in the report of fairminded men): cp. Ph. 1074
ἀκούσομαι μὲν ὡς ἔφυν οἴκτου πλέως | πρὸς τοῦδ
:
"I shall be reproached, as full of pity, by yon man"
: ib. 607
ὁ πάντ’ ἀκούων αἰσχρὰ καὶ λωβήτ’ ἔπη
. But the conjecture ἁλώσομαι has certainly more force and point: cp. O. T. 576
οὐ γὰρ δὴ φονεὺς ἁλώσομαι
: Ant. 46
οὐ γὰρ δὴ προδοῦσ’ ἁλώσομαι
.

mvp-comment-728-1 ἐμφορεῖς 26

mvp-comment-728-2 φόνους 27

mvp-comment-729-1 ἄμειψαι 28

mvp-comment-730-1 εἴ τις … κτείνοι 29

mvp-comment-730-2 αὐτίκα 30

mvp-comment-730-3 τὸν δίκ 31

mvp-comment-731-1 δοκῶ μέν 32

mvp-comment-732-1 περιβλέποις 33

mvp-comment-733-1 εἰσέβην 34

mvp-comment-733-2 After ἀντειπεῖν and like words the person gainsaid is denoted by the dat.; the argument , by

περί τινος
or
πρός τι
. Here we begin with a neut. dat.

mvp-comment-733-3 οἶς 35

mvp-comment-733-4 ἐμοί 36

mvp-comment-733-5 ἂν 37 ἀντειπεῖν 38

mvp-comment-733-6 ἐγὼ οὐδὲ 39

mvp-comment-734-1 πατρὸς ψυχὴν … ζῶσαν 40

mvp-comment-734-2 ψυχή 41

mvp-comment-735-1 ἅπαν 42

mvp-comment-735-2 καλὸν 43

mvp-comment-735-3 ῥητὸν ἄρρ 44

mvp-comment-736-1 τὸ Θ. ὄνομα θωπ 45

mvp-comment-736-2 θωπεῦσαι 46

mvp-comment-736-3 καλόν 47

mvp-comment-737-1 ὡς κατῴκηνται καλῶς 48

mvp-comment-738-1 κᾆθ’ 49

mvp-comment-738-2 πολλὰ 50

mvp-comment-739-1 εἴ τις γῆ θεοὺς 51

mvp-comment-740-1 τῷδ’ 52

mvp-comment-741-1 κλέψας 53

mvp-comment-742-1 ἐχειροῦ 54

mvp-comment-742-2 οἴχει 55

mvp-comment-743-1 κατασκήπτω λιταῖς 56

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

960-961. mvp-comment-520-1 Oedipus means that Creon's language reflects disgrace upon himself as the brother of Jocasta, and as having made an outcast of his kinsman. Cp. supr. 770, 800, 1, πότερα νομίζεις .. ἐν τῷ νῦν λόγῳ; 753-754, ἆρ᾽ ἄθλιον τοὔνειδος.. ὠνείδισ᾽ εἰς σὲ κἀμέ; infr. 978 ff. And for λῆμα, Pind. Pyth. 3. 25, λῆμα Κορωνίδος.

962. mvp-comment-521-1 ὅστις φόνους μοι Who hast allowed to pass thy lips against me the mention of that murder and that disastrous marriage which I unfortunate endured unwittingly. The general word συμφοράς (here, as in O. T. 99, equivalent to ἄγος) sums up the preceding notions, and adds to them. Cp. O. Τ. 1407-1408, χὠπόσα | αἴσχιστ᾽ ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ἔργα γίγνεται.

965. mvp-comment-522-1 Who would seem to have had some old cause of wrath against our race.' Cp. Plat. Phaedr. 244 D. πόνων τῶν μεγίστων, ἃ δὴ παλαιῶν ἐκ μηνιμάτων ποθὲν ἔν τισι τῶν γενῶν ἦν.

966. mvp-comment-523-1 The comparative innocence of VOL. I. Oedipus in his voluntary actions is a chief point in the tragic interest of the Oedipus Tyrannus, and is still more strongly asserted in this play.

966. mvp-comment-523-2 ἐμοί Sc. προσόν.

967. mvp-comment-524-1 ἀνθ᾿ ὅτου In retribution for which; involuntary crimes being regarded as a punishment for some previous crime.

970. mvp-comment-525-1 χρησμοῖσιν .. παίδων Poetical (generalizing) plural. Cp. O. Τ. 711-713.

970. mvp-comment-525-2 ὥστε 'That he should die by his son's hand;' i. e. an oracle, whose fulfilment lay in his being slain by his son. Cp. 1350, δικαιῶν ὥστ᾽ ἐμοῦ κλύειν λόyous, and see note on O. T. 713. 972-973. Who was not yet begotten or conceived, but at that time had not come into being.'

974-976. mvp-comment-526-1 And if, coming into the world as I came, marked by misfortune, I fought with and slew my father, all ignorant of what I was doing and to whom, how then can you in fairness blame me for what I did, seeing it was Bb unwitting?' ὡς ἐγὼ ᾿φάνην refers to the conditions of the oracle given to Laius. Cp. O. Τ. 1376, ὅπως ἔβλαστε.

977. mvp-comment-527-1 * δάν, ( = δὴ ἄν, cp. El. 314), is a correction of y' av, in which the reduplication of the particles makes γε doubtful. For a similar error in the MSS. cp. supr. 51, ἄτιμός γ᾽ ἔκ γ᾽ ἐμοῦ.

977. mvp-comment-527-2 ἶκον = ἀκούσιον. Essay on Language p. 94, cp. supra 239, ἔργων ἀκόντων.

980-981. mvp-comment-528-1 Being such as I will presently tell of: for no, I will not keep silence, when you have gone to such a height of impiety. οὖν represents Oedipus' speaking as the natural consequence of Creon's.

980-981. mvp-comment-528-2 εἰς τόδε.. ἀνόσιον στόμα (1) Το this height of impiety in speaking.' Cp. supra 132, τὸ τᾶς εὐφήμου στόμα φροντίδος ἱέντες. This is better than (2) taking ἀνόσιον στόμα separately, as an accusative of limitation. To such a height in thine impious speech.

982. mvp-comment-529-1 ἔτικτε.. οὐκ εἰδυῖα She was, she was my mother, though we knew it not; i. e. ἦν μητὴρ οὐκ εἰδότος οὐκ εἰδυῖα.

986. mvp-comment-530-1 Brunck's διστομεῖν was suggested not by levity, as Elmsley thought, but by the correction of Par. A.

987. mvp-comment-531-1 ἄκων is used in two senses: (1) unwittingly, δι' ἄγνοιαν, (2) against my will, βίᾳ.

988. mvp-comment-532-1 ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γάρ But (your charge is groundless), for, etc. So in Tr. 552, ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γάρ, ὥσπερ εἶπον, ὀργαίνειν καλὸν | γυναῖκα νοῦν ἔχουσαν: Εl. 595.

988. mvp-comment-532-2 ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γὰρ οὐδὲ νουθετεῖν ἔξεστί σε. Essay on Language § 25. p. 43.

988. mvp-comment-532-3 ἀκούσομαι I shall be reputed.

993. mvp-comment-533-1 κτείνοι Were to attempt to kill.

994. mvp-comment-534-1 ὁ καίνων He who was trying to kill you. Cp. Hdt. 3. 99, οἱ μάλιστά οἱ ὁμιλέοντες κτείνουσι.. ὁ δὲ ἄπαρνός ἐστι, κ.τ.λ. Eur. Phoen. 1600, (ΟΙΔ.) ἐπεὶ δ᾽ ἐγενόμην, εὐθὺς ὁ σπείρας πατὴρ | κτείνει με, κ.τ.λ. Essay on Language § 32. p. 55.

995-996. mvp-comment-535-1 Methinks, as you love life, you would punish the aggressor, and not scrutinize too closely the justice of the case.

997. mvp-comment-536-1 εἰσέβην I came into. Cp. Aesch. Suppl. 470, ἄτης δ' ἄβυσσον πέλαγος οὐ μάλ' εὔπορον | τόδ' ἐσβέβηκα.

998. mvp-comment-537-1 And I do not think that my father's spirit, were he alive, would gainsay my words.' The antecedent to ois is the argument from 989-996.

1000. mvp-comment-538-1 εἰ γὰρ οὐ δίκαιος You, however, for you only profess to be just, and think any word decorous, whether fit to be spoken or not, you pour these reproaches upon me in the presence of these men. Cp. supra 992, σὲ τὸν δίκαιον, and Creon's reasons 941-952.

1000. mvp-comment-538-2 τοῦθ' τοῦδ᾽ LBVat.

1003-1004. mvp-comment-539-1 And it suits your purpose well to flatter the name of Theseus, and Athens and her noble institutions. 1003. τὸ Θησέως ὄνομα θωπεῦσαι] Viz. in the courteous address, ὦ τέκνον Αἰγέως, supra 940.

1003-1004. mvp-comment-539-2 καλόν So in Phil. 1155, νῦν καλὸν..

1003-1004. mvp-comment-539-3 κορέσαι στόμα.

1004. mvp-comment-540-1 καὶ τὰς Ἀθήνας, κ.τ.λ. Supra 733-734, 758-759, 943-953. κατώκηνται καλῶς] Cp. Plat. Legg. 683 Α, τὴν εἰς Λακεδαίμονα κατοίκισιν..

1004. mvp-comment-540-2 ἣν ὑμεῖς ὀρθῶς ἔφατε κατοικεῖσθαι καὶ Κρήτην ὡς ἀδελφοῖς νόμοις. 1005. And then amidst all your praises (join ὧδε πολλά), you forget this praise.' 1007. The correction of Par. F (2886), ῶν θεοὺς, suggests *θεῶν.. τιμάς.

1004. mvp-comment-540-3 τοῦθ' This land is foremost in that virtue. For the genitive in the reading of L, cp. El. 1095-1097, ἃ δὲ μέγιστ᾽ ἔβλαστε νόμιμα | τῶνδε φερομέναν ἄριστα. But the reading of A is in this case clearer and more harmonious. Bb2

1008. mvp-comment-541-1 τὸν ἱκέτην γέροντ᾽ ἐμέ Cp. O. T. 1153, Phil. 930.

1009. mvp-comment-542-1 Wert seizing me. and hast carried away my children. For the imperfect, cp. supr. 950. ἐχειροῦ is read in Par. F.

1012. mvp-comment-543-1 θ' is added from a corrector of Par. F.