201.
mvp-comment-149-1
The exposition of the situation in the
Ajax, like the
ἀναγνώρισις in the
Oed. Tyr., is effected through the meeting of those who on either side know only half the truth. Tecmessa, whose affection for Ajax exceeds that of his own people, comes forth to meet the chorus of mariners before the hut. They learn from her the truth of the calamity. She learns from them the extent of it. Schol.
διδάσκει τὸν χόρον ὅτι Αἴας ἐστὶν ὁ σφάξας τὰ ποίμνια. πυνθάνεται δὲ παρὰ τοῦ χοροῦ ὅτι Ἑλληνικὰ ἦν τὰ σφαγέντα, ἑκάτερος οὖν παρ' ἑκατέρου τὸ ἀγνοούμενον μανθάνει.
202.
mvp-comment-150-1
γενεάς, κ.τ.λ.] 'Of race derived from the Earth-born Erechtheidae.' The Salaminians are, by an anachronism which is repeated
infr. 861, counted as originally one with the Athenian people.
203.
mvp-comment-151-1
ἔχομεν στοναχάς] ‘It is ours to groan.' She claims the sympathy of the chorus, of which they assure her,
infr. 210.
204.
mvp-comment-152-1
τηλόθεν] Sc.
ὄντος or
σκοπουμένου.
Cp. O. T. 1259,
οἱ παρῆμεν ἐγγύθεν. The word is not to be immediately joined with
κηδόμενοι. Salamis, which she has never seen, seems far away to Tecmessa, whose hopes are notwithstanding centred there.
205.
mvp-comment-153-1
ὁ δεινὸς μέγας ὠμοκρατής] · Our dread hero, rugged in might.' Various compounds of
ὠμός are used to indicate the fierce impetuosity of Ajax, that cannot be reduced to rule:
infr. 885,
τὸν ὠμόθυμον : 931,
ὠμόφρων : 548,
ἀλλ᾿ αὐτίκ᾿ ὠμοῖς αὐτὸν ἐν νόμοις πατρὸς | δεῖ πωλοδάμνειν κάξομοιοῦσθαι φύσιν. See also
infr. 613,
θουρίῳ | κρατοῦντ᾽ ἐν᾿ Αρει. Others would render
ὠμοκρατής, 'mighty-shouldered,' comparing the description of Ajax in Il. 3. 227 as
ἔξοχος ᾿Αργείων κεφαλὴν ἠδ᾽ εὐρέας ὤμους !
206.
mvp-comment-154-1
θολερῷ.. χειμῶνι] 'Through a turbid storm.' The darkened mind of Ajax is compared either to the troubling of waters by a flood, or to atmospheric disturbance, as we speak of 'dirty weather.'
Cp. Ant. 420, 1,
ἐν δ᾽ ἐμεστώθη μέγας | αἰθήρ, μύσαντες δ᾽ εἴχομεν θείαν νόσον, and, for the metaphorical use of
θολερός, Aesch. Prom. 885, 6,
θολεροὶ δὲ λόγοι παίουσ' εἰκη | στυγνῆς πρὸς κύμασιν ἄτης.
207.
mvp-comment-155-1
κεῖται] • Is overthrown.'
Cp. Plat. Rep. 5. p. 451 Α,
κείσομαι, περὶ ἃ ἥκιστα δεῖ σφάλλεσθαι.
νοσήσας] ‘Having fallen into madness.' The aorist expresses the suddenness of the stroke.
208.
mvp-comment-156-1
'What heavy change from the condition of the day hath last night experienced?' This is Triclinius' explanation of
τῆς ἁμερίας, sc.
καταστάσεως. As in the case of other feminine words used substantively, we need not be precise in supplying the ellipse. Lobeck prefers
ὥρας. Ajax' condition on the previous day was lamentable enough: what new trouble has arisen during the night?
210.
mvp-comment-157-1
Τελεύταντος] The first syllable is to be scanned as long :
cp. Ἱππομέδων, Παρθένοπαῖος in Iambic verse. Others read
Φρυγίοιο for
Φρυγίου, which is questionable both as to the form of the genitive and the division of the line.
211.
mvp-comment-158-1
λέχος δουριάλωτον] ' In a spear-won marriage.'
λέχος cogn. acc.
212.
mvp-comment-159-1
στέρξας ἀνέχει] 'Having fixed his affection on thee, remains constant to thee.' The mariners accept Tecmessa as their master's choice, although they could have wished a nobler bride for him. For
ἀνέχει, see E. on L. § 52. p. 97, and
cp. Eur. Hec. 123,
Βάκχης ἀνέχων λέκτρ᾽ ᾿Αγαμέμνων: Alc. 304,
τούτους ἀνάσχου δεσπότας ἐμῶν δόμων, where the middle voice has a similar force. For cognate uses of
ἀνέχω,
cp. Fr. 146, Pind. P. 2. 163.
213.
mvp-comment-160-1
'So that you know, and can tell us what we want to know.'
ὑπό in comp. seems here to have the force of 'supplying an answer, or supplying the word that is wanting.'
Cp. ὑποκρίνομαι.
215.
mvp-comment-161-1
πάθος, as the appropriate word, is preferable to
βάρος, which may have slipped in in from
supr. 209.
217.
mvp-comment-162-1
νύκτερος] 'In the night.' Essay on L. § 23. p. 36.
218.
mvp-comment-163-1
τοιαῦτ᾽ ἂν ἴδοις] For
τοιοῦτος adducing proof, see Essay on L. § 22. p. 35 a.
220.
mvp-comment-164-1
χρηστήρια] Either (1) simply 'victims,' or (2) with superstitious reference to the
δαίμων of madness. 'Offerings demanded by his rage.'
221-232.
mvp-comment-165-1
The metrical scheme (Logaoedic, with frequent syncope) is the following...
221.
mvp-comment-166-1
ἀνδρὸς αἴθονος] ‘Concerning the fiery man.' Essay on L. § 9. p. 12, 2. If
τοι is retained in
infr. 245, we may read here
οἵαν ἐδήλωσας *κατ᾿ ἀνδρὸς αἴθονος. The short syllable in
αἴθονος is sufficiently supported by
αΐθονα occurring in Hesychius in the right alphabetical order (immediately after
αἶθον). Although
αἴθοπος (see v. rr.) may be defended, on the ground that the second part of a compound has sometimes little significance (see esp.
infr. 954,
κελαινώπαν θυμών), yet
αἴθων, which directly expresses character, is more appropriate here, and has the preponderance of MS. authority in its favour.
222.
mvp-comment-167-1
ἄτλατον οὐδὲ φευκτάν] ‘That can neither be avoided nor endured.'
225.
mvp-comment-168-1
μεγάλων] 'Terrible.' The mariners, in their feebleness (
supr. 165 foll.), are afraid of the opinion of the host. These words are added as a comment on
οὐδὲ φευκτάν. The consequences of the fact cannot be eluded, since it is known to the host, and magnified by rumour.
226.
mvp-comment-169-1
ὁ μέγας μῦθος] ‘The formidable power of rumour.'
Supr. 172,
ὦ μεγάλα φάτις. μῦθος is the rumour about this particular thing, with a suggestion of rumour in general.
ἀέξει] Not 'exaggerates,' for the evil could not be exaggerated, but, 'which the mighty power of rumour spreads abroad.'
229.
mvp-comment-170-1
περίφαντος.. θανεῖται] 'He will be discovered and will die.'
περίφαντος is explained by the words that follow,
παραπλήκτῳ χερί, κ.τ.λ. The nature of the crime defies concealment.
231.
mvp-comment-171-1
κελαινοῖς ξίφεσιν] · With darkened brand.' The plural, as in Ant. 820,
ξιφέων ἐπίχειρα, denotes the action of the sword rather than the sword itself. The epithet
κελαινοῖς, as in Trach. 856,
κελαινὰ λόγχα, suggests the colour of a sword or spear that has been much used in battle.
βοτήρας]
Supr. 27,
αὐτοῖς ποιμνίων ἐπιστάταις. This fact is known to the mariners from the report of the army, not from Tecmessa.
ἱππονώμας] Either (1) because captive horses, like those of Rhesus, were included in the spoil (this might add force to
ἱππομανῆ, supr. 143), or rather (2) because the herdsmen were mounted, as might well happen where the herd was so extensive.
235.
mvp-comment-172-1
ὧν τὴν μέν] Sc.
ποίμναν. 'Whereof one part.' The plural
ὧν is equivalent to a collective
ἧς, referring to
ποίμναν supr. The force of
ἔσω ('in the tent') is continued to the subsequent clauses. For
τὴν μέν followed by
τὰ δέ, see Essay on L. § 20. p. 31.
236.
mvp-comment-173-1
πλευροκοπών δίχ᾽ ἀνερρήγνυ] 'He smote beneath the ribs and ripped asunder.' The two white-footed rams are probably Agamemnon and Odysseus. Menelaus may have been imagined to be slain in combat, while the king of men was brought away in triumph to be the object of more condign vengeance. Ll. 105 foll. leave no room to doubt that the second ram is intended by Ajax for Odysseus.
237.
mvp-comment-174-1
ἀνελών] · Having lifted,' i.e. by the forefeet.
238-239.
mvp-comment-175-1
'He sheared off and threw away (first) the tongue-tip and (then) the head.' E. on L. § 41. p. 78 β, b. The tongue, which had pronounced the judgment, the head, which was the seat of sovereignty, are the first to suffer. For
ῥιπτεῖ,
cp. Hdt. 4. 61,
ὁ θύσας, τῶν κρεῶν καὶ τῶν σπλάγχνων ἀπαρξάμενος, ῥίπτει ἐς τὸ ἔμπροσθεν.
240.
mvp-comment-176-1
‘Bound up to a pillar erect.'
ἄνω marks that the bonds were fastened from above, so as almost to suspend the creature from the ground.
241.
mvp-comment-177-1
'With a great harness-thong.'
ῥυτήρ is (1) a trace, (2) a rein, (3) any strap used in harnessing.
242.
mvp-comment-178-1
'He smites him with resounding double lash ;' i.e. He holds the thong by the middle, and plies it, thus doubled, with a whizzing noise.
243.
mvp-comment-179-1
ἃ δαίμων, κ.τ.λ.] i.e. The words gave evidence of superhuman passion.
Ср. О. Т. 1258, 9,
δαιμόνων δείκνυσί τις, οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἀνδρῶν.
244.
mvp-comment-180-1
'Reviling him with evil language.'
Cp. Ant. 759,
ἐπὶ ψόγοισι δεννάσεις ἐμέ.
245.
mvp-comment-181-1
κάρα is the emendation of Triclinius for
κρᾶτα, which is in most MSS., generally with
τοι preceding: according to Hermann this was due to a mistaken metrical emendation. Reading
κάρα and retaining
τοι, we might read in
supr. 221,
οἴαν ἐδήλωσας *κατ᾿ ἀνδρὸς αἴθονος. τιν'] ἱ.ε.
ἡμᾶς. Essay on L. § 22. p. 36.
κάρα καλύμμασι κρυψάμενον] 'Veiling one's head,' either (1) in token of confusion and shame as well as sorrow.
Cp. Od. 8.92; Plat. Phaedr. 243 В. Or (2) by way of disguise.
ποδοῖν κλοπὰν ἀρέσθαι] i. e.
φυγὴν ἀρέσθαι, 'to steal away on foot.'
Cp. Eur. Or. 1499,
ἐκκλέπτειν πόδα: Rhes. 54,
αἴρεσθαι φυγήν.
247.
mvp-comment-182-1
θοὸν εἰρεσίας ζυγὸν ἑζόμενον] 'Pressing the swift rowing-bench.'
Cp. Aesch. Ag. 982,
θάρσος . . ἵζει φρενὸς φίλον θρόνον. And for the hypallage (
=θοᾶς εἰρεσίας ζυγόν), see Essay on L. § 42. p. 80.
