Sophocles Ajax 241

Robert Potter (Translator)

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Agamemnon
AGAMEMNON, TEUCER, &c.
Thee to burst forth in rude contemptuous speech
Against us, by our vengeance not chastised,
Thee doth this daring insolence become,
Sprung from a slave the captive of the spear?..
Had she, who gave thee birth, been high in rank,
How proudly wou'dst thou vaunt, and rear thy crest,
1230
Since, nothing as thou art, for one who now
Is nothing, thou hast dared to scorn our rule,
Asserting that we came not o'er the host
Or fleet of Greece commanders, nor o'er thee;
And Ajax, such thy descant, plough'd the sea
Lord of himself. How shameful from a slave
1235
To hear such arrogance? And what was he,
For whom these haughty clamours thou hast raised?
Whither did he advance, where fix his foot,
Where mine I fix'd not? In the Grecian camp
Was no man brave but he? Unpleasant fruit
The contest for the hero's arms proposed
1240
Affords us, if by Teucer in each place
Proclaim'd unjust; and canker'd envy still
Basely repines to yield the honours due
To higher merit, where the general voice
Adjudged them; and with rude licentious tongue
1245
You load me with reproaches, or with guile,
1245
Your vain ambition frustrate, stab at me.
Were moods like these indulged, no law could stand
On a firm basis, if the right adjudged
We should reject, and in the highest rank
Place those to whom the lowest is assign'd.
1250
But these things must be check'd. The high-built frame,
The massy-structured limb, the hardy nerve
Yield not protection: but the prudent mind
The conquest every where obtains. The ox,
Though vast his bulk, is taught the path prescribed
By a small whip: this discipline, I see,
1255
Will soon reach thee, some prudence if thy mind
Acquire not, for a man that is no more,
But now a shade, thus daring to insult,
And pour the torrent of opprobious speech.
Wilt thou ne'er feel the curb of modesty ?
Ne'er know the baseness of thy birth, and bring
1260
Some one of generous blood to speak for thee?
No meaning to my ears thy words convey;
I understand not thy barbaric speech.

Ajax. Sophocles. Robert Potter (Translator). London. 1820.

Current edition Experimental

English (Robert Potter, 1788) (OCR draft) (English) (English (Robert Potter, 1788))

Provisional text from uncorrected OCR; expect errors.

Editions (4)
Αἴας μαστιγοφόρος First1KGreek (Sophocles. Sophoclis Aiax. Lobeck Christian, editor. Berlin: Weidmann, 1866.) — 258-342 focus
Αἴας First1KGreek (Sophocles. Sophoclis Fabulae. Pearson, Alfred Chilton, editor. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1924.) — 263-347 focus
Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) — 241 focus
μέγαν ἱπποδέτην ἱππολέτην ἱπποδέτην ῥυτῆρα λαβὼν
Greek (F. Storr, 1912) (OCR draft) Experimental (Greek (F. Storr, 1912)) — 263-347 focus
Translations (4)
English (Lewis Campbell, 1906) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Lewis Campbell, 1906)) — 241 focus
OD
May I then speak true counsel to my friend,
And pull with thee in policy as of yore?
German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review) (OCR draft) Experimental (German (J. J. C. Donner, 1875; OCR review)) — 245 focus
Nun ist es Zeit, unser Haupt in bergende Hüllen versteckt, 1
Verstohlen fortzuflüchten,
Oder gewandt zu den Rudern, in Eile des meer-
wandelnden Schiffs Bande zu lösen.
240
Mit solchen Drohworten bestürmt uns das Atridenpaar hier,
Die Trozvollen: mir bangt, ach, vom erhobnen Steine
Erreicht, muß ich verderben, wie er, den grauses Leiden fesselt.
English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Thomas Francklin, 1758–1759)) — 241 focus
Agamemnon
Such men are most unstable in their ways.
English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904) (OCR draft) Experimental (English (Sir Richard Jebb, 1904)) — 263-346 focus

Commentary

Commentary (R. C. Jebb) (OCR draft) (Commentary (R. C. Jebb))

mvp-comment-720-1 σὲ δὴ 1

mvp-comment-720-2 τὰ δεινὰ ῥήματ’ 2

mvp-comment-720-3 ἀνοιμωκτὶ 3 ι 4 ει 5

mvp-comment-720-4 χανεῖν ῥήματα 6

mvp-comment-721-1 σέ τοι 7

mvp-comment-721-2 τὸν ἐκ τῆς 8

mvp-comment-722-1 τραφεὶς 9

mvp-comment-722-2 ὑψήλ’ ἐφώνεις 10

mvp-comment-722-3 κἀπ’ ἄκρων ὡδοιπόρεις 11

mvp-comment-723-1 ὅτε 12

mvp-comment-723-2 οὐδὲν ὢν 13 τοῦ μηδὲν … ὕπερ 14

mvp-comment-724-1 κοὔτε στρατηγοὺς 15

mvp-comment-724-2 οὔτε ναυάρχους 16

mvp-comment-724-3 Ἀχαιῶν οὔτε σοῦ 17

mvp-comment-724-4 διωμόσω 18

mvp-comment-725-1 αὐτὸς ἄρχων … ἔπλει 19

mvp-comment-726-1 δούλων 20

mvp-comment-727-1 ποίου κέκραγας ἀνδρὸς 21

mvp-comment-728-1 ποῖ βάντος 22

mvp-comment-729-1 ἄνδρες 23

mvp-comment-730-1 πικροὺς 24

mvp-comment-730-2 ἔοιγμεν 25

mvp-comment-730-3 ὅπλων ἀγῶνας 26

mvp-comment-730-4 τότε 27

mvp-comment-731-1 πανταχοῦ 28

mvp-comment-731-2 ἐκ Τεύκρου 29

mvp-comment-732-1 κοὐκ ἀρκέσει 30 εἰ 31

mvp-comment-733-1 εἴκειν ἃ … ἤρεσκεν 32

mvp-comment-734-1 κακοῖς βαλεῖτε 33

mvp-comment-734-2 σὺν δόλῳ 34

mvp-comment-734-3 κεντήσεθ’ 35

mvp-comment-734-4 οἱ λελειμμένοι 36

mvp-comment-735-1 ἐκ τῶνδε … τῶν τρόπων 37

mvp-comment-735-2 κατάστασις 38

mvp-comment-736-1 τοὺς … νικῶντας 39

mvp-comment-736-2 ἐξωθήσομεν 40

mvp-comment-736-3 τοὺς ὄπισθεν 41

mvp-comment-737-1 εἰρκτέον τάδ’ 42 πλατεῖς 43 εὐρύνωτοι 44

mvp-comment-738-1 οἱ φρονοῦντες εὖ 45

mvp-comment-739-1 ὑπὸ … πορεύεται 46

mvp-comment-739-2 σμικρᾶς 47

mvp-comment-739-3 ὀρθὸς 48

mvp-comment-740-1 φάρμακον 49

mvp-comment-740-2 νοῦν κατακτήσει 50 τινά 51

mvp-comment-741-1 ἀνδρὸς οὐκέτ’ ὄντος 52 ὑβρίζεις 53

mvp-comment-741-2 σκιᾶς 54

mvp-comment-742-1 οὐ σωφρονήσεις 55

mvp-comment-742-2 μαθὼν ὃς εἶ φύσιν 56

mvp-comment-743-1 ἄλλον τιν’ … ἐλεύθερον 57

mvp-comment-744-1 ἀντὶ σοῦ λέξει τὰ σά 58

mvp-comment-745-1 σοῦ … λέγοντος 59 μάθοιμ’ 60 οὐκέτ’ 61

mvp-comment-746-1 βάρβαρον 62

mvp-comment-746-2 ἐπαΐω 63

Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879) (OCR draft) (Commentary (Lewis Campbell, 1879)) focus

1226-1227. mvp-comment-783-1 σὲ δὴ.. ἀγγέλλουσι .. | τλῆναι] ἰ.ε. σὺ δὴ ἔτλης, ὡς ἀγγέλλουσι. τὰ δεινὰ ῥήματα] 'Those blustering words' that have been reported to me. Cp. supr. 312 and note.

1227. mvp-comment-784-1 ἀνοιμωκτί implies a half-expressed contempt of Menelaus for having let Teucer off so easily. χανεῖν is contemptuously substituted for εἰπεῖν, i. e. εἰπόντα χανεῖν, 'To utter open-mouthed.' So in supr. 1096, ἁμαρτάνουσιν ἔπη (sc. λέγοντες). The word has an association of stupid insolence, 'Have dared to open your foolish mouth so wide.'

1230. mvp-comment-785-1 κἀπ᾿ ἄκρων ὡδοιπόρεις] « 'And have strutted proudly,' lit. on tiptoe, ἐπ᾿ ἄκρων, sc. ποδῶν or δακτύλων. Hesych. ἀκρίζων. ἄκροις ποσὶν ἐπιπορευόμενος. Εὐρ. Οἰνεί. Cp. Eur. Ion 1166, 7, ἐν δ᾽ ἄκροισι βὰς ποσὶν | κῆρυξ ἀνεῖπεν.

1231. mvp-comment-786-1 ἀντέστης] Sc. ἡμῖν.

1232-1233. mvp-comment-787-1 Cp. supr. 1097-1102. The word ναυάρχους recalls δεῦρ' ἔπλευσας in 1105. Agamemnon of course greatly exaggerates what Teucer had said. Cp. Il. 1. 288, πάντων μὲν κρατέειν ἐθέλει, πάντεσσι δ᾽ ἀνάσσειν, κ.τ.λ.

1235. mvp-comment-788-1 οὐ μεγάλα ἐστὶ ταῦτα κακὰ ἀκούειν (epexegetic infin.) πρὸς δούλων; Cp. O. C. 883, ἆρ᾽ οὐχ ὕβρις τάδε;

1236. mvp-comment-789-1 ποίου.. ἀνδρός] Sc. ὑπέρ. The ellipse is possibly softened by the preposition occurring in comp. in ὑπέρφρονα, although in a different sense. Cp. O. C. 539-41 and note.

1237. mvp-comment-790-1 ποῦ βάντος] i. e. ποῖ. But in such proverbial phrases there is a constant tendency to repeat the same word. Ср. O. T. 420, 1, and note; Phil. 451. Agamemnon in the Iliad acknowledged the superior prowess of Achilles. He is less generous here. This line prepares the way for Teucer's reproaches, infr. 1272-8.

1238. mvp-comment-791-1 ἄνδρες] 'Men,' i.e. 'men deserving the name.' Cp. supr. 77, πρόσθεν οὐκ ἀνὴρ ὅδ᾽ ἦν; and note.

1239. mvp-comment-792-1 πικρούς] 'To our cost.' This is said ironically. 'Teucer's denunciation of us will indeed be a calamitous result of the trial we proclaimed.' Agamemnon carefully limits his responsibility, as Menelaus did above, supr. 1136, ἐν τοῖς δικασταῖς, κοὐκ ἐμοί, τόδ᾽ ἐσφάλη, —to the ordainment of the contest, disclaiming all share in the verdict.

1241. mvp-comment-793-1 πανταχοῦ] ‘In all that we do.'

1243. mvp-comment-794-1 εἴκειν] Sc. τούτοις, or τοῖς δεδογμένοις, or whatever is the antecedent to ἃ.

1244-1245. mvp-comment-795-1 'But you (1) that are left' ('or (2) who are distanced') 'will either, I suppose, assail us with guileful woundings' (as Ajax did) 'or pelt us with abuse' (as you have now been doing). που is to be taken with the whole sentence, but has special reference to the suspicion expressed in σὺν δόλῳ κεντήσεθ᾽. οἱ λελειμμένοι (1) marks the correspondence between the supposed action of Ajax' surviving relatives and his own. The implied menace points through Teucer at Eurysaces. Cp. Shak. Macbeth, 3. 4. 'There the grown serpent lies; the worm, that's fled, | Hath nature that in time will venom breed, | No teeth for the present.' Or (2) οἱ λελειμμένοι resumes ἡσσημένοις, “You that are beaten in the race,' adding point to the suggestion of wounding from behind. See also l. 1249.

1250. mvp-comment-796-1 τάδ'] ‘This,' viz. Ajax' insolent claim to priority in spite of the judgment. Cp. O. C. 883, ἆρ᾽ οὐχ ὕβρις τάδ᾽;

1250-1251. mvp-comment-797-1 οὐ γὰρ .. φῶτες] 'Not the wide-shouldered or broad-backed men.' πλατύς is more expressive of mere size than μέγας. For the omission of the article with the second word, see Essay on L. § 21. p. 33 b.

1251. mvp-comment-798-1 ἀσφαλέστατοι] Either (1) 'Most to be relied upon,' in action and counsel, or (2) 'Most secure from falling.' The latter, (2) makes a more exact antithesis with κρατοῦσι.

1252. mvp-comment-799-1 κρατοῦσι πανταχοῦ] ‘Have the best of it on all occasions;' i. e. μᾶλλον ὀρθοῦνται. Cp. Plat. Phaedr. 272 Β, ὁ μὴ πειθόμενος κρατεῖ.

1253. mvp-comment-800-1 Cp. Pind. Pyth. 4. 417, βοέους δήσαις ἀνάγκα | ἔντεσιν αὐχένας ἐμβάλλων τ᾽ ἐριπλεύρῳ φυᾷ | κέντρον.

1254. mvp-comment-801-1 ὀρθὸς .. πορεύεται] 'Goes straight forward.' ὀρθός is adverbial, = τὴν εὐθεῖαν. For the γνώμη, cp. Ant. 477, σμικρῷ χαλινῷ, κ.τ.λ.

1255. mvp-comment-802-1 τοῦτ᾽.. τὸ φάρμακον] ‘This remedy,' the lash. Cp. Pind. Ol. 13. 121, ἕλὲ Βελλεροφόντας, | φάρμακον πραὺ τείνων ἀμφὶ γένυι, | ἵππον πτερόεντ'.

1257. mvp-comment-803-1 ἀνδρός] Sc. ὑπέρ. The unusual construction is softened here by the resumption from supr. 1236, and by the participle which suggests the genitive absolute. σκιᾶς] Sc. ὄντος, as if οὐδενὸς ὄντος had preceded.

1259. mvp-comment-804-1 ὃς εἶ] 'What you are.' Cp. Eur. Alc. 640, ἔδειξας . . ὃς εἶ. φύσιν is here at once 'by birth' and 'in nature.'

1262. mvp-comment-805-1 οὐκέτ'] «No longer,' i. e. 'not then (when you are speaking).' Essay on L. § 24. p. 41, 2.

1263. mvp-comment-806-1 Hesione was of Trojan, i. e. Phrygian, birth.